Year 8 Chemistry

September 2020 Test

Topic: Combustion and the Periodic Table
Total Time: 45 min (+ 10min Extra Time)
Name: Class:

Total marks: / 50

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EBI

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End of Unit Test Standard (S)

1 Use words from the word box to complete the sentences correctly. Not all the words will be
used.

burn flames hot fire extinguisher wet wood

a To light a bonfire, you need to make the wood very .

[1 mark]

b We can tell when the wood starts to burn, because we can see .
[1 mark]

c To put the fire out, we can use a .

[1 mark]

2 Draw lines to link each of the words on the left with its meaning shown on the right.

combustion a reaction in which a substance

combines with oxygen

fuel a substance that contains only

hydrogen and carbon

hydrocarbon a substance that contains stored

energy that can be released during
burning

oxidation a reaction in which burning happens

[2 marks]
3 The apparatus shown below is used to show what happens during the combustion of a
hydrocarbon fuel.

During the experiment:

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The thermometer will show that the temperature
[1 mark]

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End of Unit Test Standard (S)

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The blue cobalt chloride paper will turn pink because

[1 mark]
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The limewater will turn
[1 mark]
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Explain your answer to part c.

4 The diagram shows apparatus that can be used to investigate the effect of height of a candle
on the time taken before the candle goes out.

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The list shows some variables in the experiment.

size of candle height of block size of container time for candle to go out

i Name the independent variable

[1 mark]

ii Name the dependent variable

[1 mark]

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The other variables need to be controlled. Explain why.

[1 mark]

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Choose one of the control variables and suggest how it could be controlled.

[1 mark]

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End of Unit Test Standard (S)

5 The diagram shows an incomplete fire triangle.

What is the missing word on the triangle?

[1 mark]

Explain what the fire triangle shows.

[1 mark]

How does water help to put a fire out?

[1 mark]

Why should you not use water on burning oil?

[1 mark]

6 a When magnesium metal burns in air, what product is formed?

[1 mark]

b Write a word equation for this reaction.

[1 mark]

c Describe what happens to the mass of reactants and products in this reaction.

[1 mark]

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End of Unit Test Standard (S)

7 Many pollutants are formed by the combustion of fossil fuels such as petrol and diesel. Two of
these pollutants are carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.
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i Name one non-metal oxide pollutant that is produced from the combustion of an impurity in
fossil fuels.

[1 mark]

ii Name one non-metal oxide pollutant that is produced by the high temperatures inside a
vehicle engine when it is burning fossil fuels.

[1 mark]

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Fossil fuel combustion can cause acid rain. Explain how.

[2 marks]

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Explain how carbon monoxide is formed in a car engine.

[2 marks]

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Explain how the amount of carbon monoxide released into the air from a car exhaust can
be reduced.

[2 marks]

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Explain why carbon dioxide from fossil fuel combustion is a problem.

[2 marks]

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End of Unit Test Standard (S)

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End of Unit Test Higher (H)

Name Class Date

1 Our ideas about the make-up of substances have changed since the time of the Greek
philosophers Plato, Aristotle and Democritus.

Use the above information and your knowledge of science to answer the following questions.

a Which of Plato’s four ‘elements’ is a compound?

[1 mark]

b What is formed when elements join together?

[1 mark]

c Explain how John Dalton’s ideas about elements agreed with the above statement made by
Aristotle.

[2 marks]

2 A class was asked to measure the increase in mass that

occurred when a 1 g piece of magnesium was burned, as shown
opposite.
Class results
Group Increase in mass (g)
1 0.19

2 0.22

3 0.23

4 0.22

5 0.02

6 0.24

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End of Unit Test Higher (H)

a Name the compound formed by burning magnesium.

[1 mark]

b Identify the anomalous result (outlier) in the class results table and explain your choice.

[2 marks]

c Calculate the mean increase in mass in grams for this set of results, dealing with any
anomalous results appropriately.

[2 marks]

3 Dmitri Mendeleev published his ideas about

classifying elements in 1869. His first periodic
table is shown opposite.
a Give the symbols for two examples of
halogens from the table opposite.

and

[1 mark]

b Why did Mendeleev choose to put certain elements in the same group?

[1 mark]

4 An outline of a modern periodic table is shown below.

a Which of the elements i to vi are non-metals?

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End of Unit Test Higher (H)

[1 mark]

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End of Unit Test Higher (H)

b Which element(s) are in group 0?

[1 mark]

c In what order did Mendeleev place the elements in the original periodic table?

[1 mark]

5 The melting points and boiling points of Elements Position Melting Boiling
four elements in the same group of the in group point (°C) point (°C)
periodic table are given opposite.
A 1st –220 –188
a What state would element C be in at
room temperature (25 °C)? B 2nd –101 –35

C 3rd –7 59

D 4th 114 184

[1 mark]

b The elements are in the same order as they are found in the group, from top to bottom.

Suggest a possible melting point for the fifth element in the group. °C
[1 mark]

6 The alkali metal sodium is stored under oil as it reacts readily with air and water.
a Complete the word equation for the reaction of sodium and water.

sodium + water → + .
[2 marks]

b Describe what you would observe if you added a piece of sodium to water.

[1 mark]

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End of Unit Test Higher (H)

7 Information on the oxides of elements in the third period is shown below. Some of the
information is missing.
Element Formula Melting point State of oxide Does it pH of oxide
of oxide of oxide (°C) at 25 °C dissolve? in water
sodium Na2O 1132 solid yes 13
magnesium MgO 2852 solid slightly 9
aluminium Al2O3 2050 solid no 7
silicon SiO2 1703 solid no 7
phosphorous P2O5 340 solid yes 2
sulfur 17 gas yes 4
chlorine Cl2O –120 gas yes

a Describe the general difference between metal and non-metal oxides in terms of their
melting points.

[1 mark]
b The chlorine oxide is unstable and difficult to make, so the pH of this oxide in water is
unknown. If we could make some chlorine oxide, suggest what effect it would have on the
pH when added to water.

[1 mark]
c The diagrams below show how the atoms in two of the oxides are held together.

The oxide of sulfur The oxide of magnesium

i What is the formula of the oxide of sulfur shown here?

[1 mark]
ii The structure of sulfur oxide shown here is described as molecular. Explain the
difference between the structures of sulfur oxide and magnesium oxide and give one
word that describes the structure of magnesium oxide.

[2 marks]
d When magnesium reacts with oxygen it burns to form magnesium oxide. Careful
measurements show that the mass of magnesium oxide formed is the same as the mass of
magnesium and oxygen used up.
Explain why there is no change in mass by describing what happens to the atoms of the
reactants.

End of test 10
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End of Unit Test Higher (H)

[1 mark]

End of test 10