CHE 611A Transport Phenomena

Dr Anurag Tripathi

Chemical Engineering

I IT

Kanpur

Lecture

Using Energy Balance Gen

to Solve problems with

two independent variables

Forced Temp profile in fully developed

Convection

laminar flow in a tube

Viscous fluid with const Mike go

F IT

2 0

PIE 1 4672 I

ty 0 0 Electrical ly

coil of

GHC heating

gIzt rd

F fo egz at wall

Postulate F TOR No 0 dependence

f
aee

o.edu zrEErItIE eaf

oses tle

DTh a

fCf Eon.of
9skdesdessipatio

motion can

be solved to give E fPofaPDyR2

tr

Omar
To solve energy ego assume conduction in z dir to be
small enough i e

I
PDE Rtorder in 2
iH
2ndorder in r
zh

BCI at zeo F T BCI at F Rg fyIg

why vesigns

BC3 at r o F finite

Nondimensionalisethe energy balanceeger using

i 0 suggest
profaned BefagBffm

these in
using the energy bal eau

leads to
eepk.mx I
II Frfft
eepe.m.li
579 Ez EE sf ha

C5 ecpk.gg afz ffzKFD

 Obvious choice of E 2 as dimensionless
Lego
binary
axial position to get the energy bed eger in dimensionless
form
533oz
Is RED
Bct at 5 0 0 0

BCI at 5 1 2 I

B at 5 0 O finite
OR use leap symmetry at the center as BC3
at fog 20125 0

Can with 3Bcs need to be solved to get the complete

solution Example 12.2 1 shows how the problem is solved

using Eigenfunctions the Sturm Liouvilleproblem

fr
Another approachto solvethis problem is to resort to the
asymptotic solutions that are valid for very small
or very large values of e i e dimensionless a
coordinate
for very small valuesof
Solution G is given in the
example 12.2 2 of the fat book
 we solvethe other asymptoticsolution corresponding to

large values off i e solution valid for 2770

In this limit as the fluid is suffcienty far off
from the beginning of the heated section the flow
will be THERMALLY FULLY DEVELOPED This means
that while the temperature will keep changing with
a r fog the shape of the temperature
profile will not change

t t t t t t t

T T T T T T R T T T
j
t z

t
idea Tbz

energy ives

EoGTR4 miCp z 1T whereThe bulk

temp infalse
Tba T t 9 RIR 2i
me

forthermallyfullydevelopedflow if the Tempdependenceon

 r CTeupprofileshape doesnot charge linear variation in
bulk leap indicates that Tarp variation can be written as
a summation of an r dependent part a 2 dependent

part that is linear in 2 Thus we propose a solution

Galid onlyfor large values of E
BC 5 0 0 0

OCS E Get 4 B12 5 1 yes

Valid onlyfor 5 20 Be 5 0 G finite
BCI 9 0 0 0 Cannot be used

IT
2 0
samescope
small a
Moses
wi
ur
Matale
Thfame shape
Temp profile
Largez ef shifted
upwards
A modified BC is needed to satisfy the constraint that
0 0 at O is Integral
form of energy balance
is used to equate the heat transferfrom the coil
to the flowing fluid

R2Eo e GET G rdr

Ee aE eepo omaacts ds

BI
T flocs C 5 goes
F IT
Ze O

ME
e

is 2171229
4 IT
2
2
d
Energy loving is
an freep verdr

Using off E if Gf in the PDE given

by our becomes
 gtda f.de coCSD since

this ODE can be solved to get

4 65 tea
5,5ft
Glens

o e Get co S tGla StG

BCIis at 5 0 D nite 4 0

BCI at E I 6GHz 1,1 1 KEI

B not3 I a Ci Sdf using 9 028 9

gives Cz 2I7
zI Exact as Gil

For T Zo I local value of 0 with in a 2

Bulk meantemp for internalflow is defined as

Tb
Cfz Ik T

Mrd fR arc aardr

IT
 Bulk temp or
J
Tt
Cup mixingleap

A C 4e 12
1,2192
z

Let thetemp of the tube wall Tarpoftreflaid b w

be Tw O Then zoode chopped
e mixed in a
Tb ee9qLI cee Tw
O rq

eofCoc.etae _eqIcfG.e
ie

a et 49
GfI D
In many heat transferproblems involving convection it is
customary to
reportresults interms of Nusselt number Nu
for internalflows Newtons law of cooling is used
with balkteup instead of the ambient leap
Hence go how To hqgRzL

Nu
hf
o
Look out
0 dependsonly
upon the two
The dimensionless temp

dimensionless coordinates f E

IOG.at I
eEpTa
ETq e E Emr

KE
Fa Rte
since Pr Prandtl number we have

9 2
12 HRs
RePr Pe
Pedet number
Pe Pr Re
Trees Pectetnumberdetermines the tempvariation in
forced convection problems In general the Patel mender
is expected to play dominant role in many forced
convection problems
 Higher value of f 41 is obtained at

Same zlocelion in etube of given size for low Pe

From the expression

Tb IT t 47 Bulk temp or
Cup mixingleap

it is clear that higher bulktemp will be obtained

for low Pe i e for low Re This is expected as reduction
in Re is similar to reducing value of leading to
larger residencetime for a fluid parcel in a given
length segmentleading to increased bulkleap