COMMUNICATIVE ENGLISH GRAMMAR

(TENSES)

KELOMPOK 1

- ANDI RESKIYAH RAMADHANI (20400119014)

- WINDI ASHARI (20400119040)
- AHMAD ARAS ( 20400119015)
- MUHAMMAD NOER INAYATULLAH (20400119039)

FAKULTAS TARBIYAH DAN KEGURUAN

UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR

TAHUN AJARAN 2019/2020

 1. Simple Present Tense 
is a type of sentence that has a function to express an activity or fact
that occurs in the present, and structurally or its arrangement, simple present
tense uses only one verb.
Present Tense is one of the forms of verb tenses. It simply describes the
actions, truths(facts), future and situations. It is very easy to form and uses
base form of the verb.
It is a verb tense.  A ‘verb’ is an action word.  The
‘tense’ is the time of the action.  The ‘present’ is now. It shows how the past is
connected to the present/now.

Structure/formula

Subject + Verb (vI) + es/es

If the subject is he, she or it, there is addition of ‘s’ or ‘es’ with base form. For
example, He eats apples daily.
If the subject is you, we, they or any plural form, only base form is used. For
example, They eat apples daily.

Example:
- We keep our pets
- He plays badminton

2. Present Continuous Tense 

Present continuous tense expresses the ongoing action or task of the
present. It is also called present progressive tense. For example, I am eating the
meal.

Structure
Subject + is/am/are + Verb(+ing)

3. Present perfect tense

  expresses the completion of the action or task of the present. For
example, I have taken two doses of medicine.
Structure
Subject + Has/have + Verb (v3)

Example:

1. He has made this colorful chart.

2. I have completed my assignment.

4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense

 (present perfect progressive tense) is used to express the action or
task that started in the past and continues in present.
Structure
Subject + Has/have + been + Verb(+ing)

Example:
- I have been completing my assignment for the last three days.
- She has been working in this department since 2017.

5. Simple past tense

 is used to express the actions that happened in the past or happened
one after the other. For example, The baby crawled.

Structure

Subject + Verb (v2) or irregular verb: ubject + Verb (v2) or irregular verb:v

Example:

- He completed the assignment.
- I read the newspaper.
 6. Past continuous tense

 expresses the actions or task that were ongoing in the past. We cannot
determine when the action started or finished. For example, When I was
walking yesterday, it started raining.

Structure/formula

Subject + was/were + Verb(+ing)

Example:
- He was reading the book.
- I was going to the park for a morning walk.

7. Past perfect tense

 indicates the finished or completed actions of the past. For example, I had
taken two doses of medicine before the fever vanished.

Structure/formula

Subject + had + Verb (v3)

Example:

- I  had finished my homework.

- He had completed his task.

8. Past Perfect Continuous

Tense is used to express the action that started in the past and continued
in the past for some time. It is also called Past Perfect Progressive Tense.
 Structure/formula

Subject + had + been + Verb(+ing)

Example:
- He had been completing his assignment for the last two hours.
- I had been playing football since morning.

9. Simple future tense

 is used to express the actions in the future. These can be decisions,
assumptions or predictions, etc. For example, It will be summer soon.

Structure,formula

Subject+ will/shall+ verb(v1)

Example:

-I shall go to the park for a walk.

-She will perform his duty.
10. Future continuous tense

 expresses the action that will be ongoing at some time in the future. It is also
called future progressive tense. For example, I will be studying in this
college.

Structure/formula

Subject + will be/shall be + verb(+ing)

Example:
- He will be playing football.
- We shall be eating the meal.

11. Future perfect tense

 is used to express the action that will be completed in future at some time.
For example, I will have studied the French language.
Structure/formula
Subject + will have + verb(v3)

Example:
- He will have played football.
- I will have completed my assignment.
-
12. Future perfect continuous tense
 is used to express the ongoing action that will be completed in future
before a certain time. For example, I will have been studying in this college
for one year.

Structure/formula
Subject + will have been + verb(+ing)

Example :

- He will have been watching the football match for over fifty

minutes
13. Past future tense

it is used to express the ‘idea’ that in the past an action/event was predicted, planned,
promised, expected or obliged to be done in the future of past, doesn’t matter if the idea is
correct or not.

Structure/formula

Subject + would + verb (v1)

Example:
- I told that I would leave in one hour.

14. Past future continous tense

It is used to express an action/event which was done in the past, or an

action/event/situation which happened in the past.  It is also used to express an  action/event
which could (possibly) or might (probably) be done in the past, or an action/event/situation
which could (possibly) or might (probably) happen in the past.
 structure/formula
- Subject + should be/would be + Verb(+ing)
15. Past future perfect tense

It is used to express the ‘idea’ in the past that an action/event was predicted, planned,
promised, expected or obliged to have been done completely before/ by a certain time in the
future (of past), or before/while another action/event happened in the future of past, regardless
the fact that the idea has not been proved to be true.

Structure,formula

Subject + should have/ would have + Verb(v3

Example:
- She said that she would have completed her assignment.

16. Past future perfect continous tense

The future perfect continuous, also sometimes called the future perfect progressive, is a
verb tense that describes actions that will continue up until a point in the future.

Structure/formula

Subject + would have been + Verb(+ing)

Example:

- He said that I should have been working here for two hours by

that time
REFERENCE

https://examplanning.com/16-tenses-in-english-grammar-formula-and-examples/

http://ethikaenglishcommunity.blogspot.com/2012/11/16-kinds-of-tenses-and-examples.html?m=1