1.

On December 31 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) was informed of a cluster of cases of
pneumonia of unknown cause detected in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China.

According to the chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention , The outbreak clearly began
epidemiologically at the Wuhan market, and a number of environmental samples from around the live
animal section of the market were subsequently found to be positive for SARS-CoV-2 but based on
current evidence, it may not have actually emerged in the market. The earliest recognised case of
infection with SARS-CoV-2 was an elderly and infirm man who developed symptoms on 1 December
2019. None of his family members became infected, and the source of his virus remains unknown

2.

Whole virus genome sequences were obtained either directly from patient samples or from cultured
viruses from a number of patients hospitalised with pneumonia in Wuhan, showing that the aetiological
agent was a betacoronavirus belonging to a new clade in subgenus Sarbecovirus in the
Orthocoronavirinae subfamily

studies of the new virus showed it shared about 79% similitary with SARS-CoV, as well as to two SARS-
like coronaviruses isolated from Chinese horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus sinicus) in Zhoushan

4.

The first suspected case in the Philippines was investigated on January 22, 2020

Both patients were previously healthy Chinese nationals on vacation in the Philippines travelling as a
couple during January 2020.

5.

Patient 1, a 39-year-old female, had symptoms of cough and sore throat and was admitted to San Lazaro
Hospital in Manila on January 25.

Physical examination was unremarkable. Influenza B, human coronavirus 229E, Staphylococcus aureus
and Klebsiella pneumoniae were detected by PCR on initial nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal (NPS/OPS)
swabs.

On January 30, SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA was reported to be detected by PCR on the initial swabs and she
was identified as the first confirmed COVID-19 case in the Philippines. Her symptoms eventually
resolved, and she was discharged.

6.
Patient 2, a 44-year-old male, had symptoms of fever, cough, and chills.

Influenza B and Streptococcus pneumoniae were detected by PCR on initial NPS/OPS swabs. He was
treated for community-acquired pneumonia with intravenous antibiotics, but his condition deteriorated
and he required intubation.

On January 31, SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA was reported to be detected by PCR on the initial swabs, and he
was identified as the 2nd confirmed COVID-19 infection in the Philippines.

On February 1, the patient’s condition deteriorated, and following a cardiac arrest, it was not possible to
revive him. He was thus confirmed as the first COVID-19 death outside of China.

7.

We have your different type of diagnostics.

COVID-19 saliva direct test

This is a test for detecting nucleic acid from the SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19. Like other COVID
tests that look for the virus’ nucleic acid (i.e., RNA), it still requires testing in a certified clinical lab. It is
not a rapid test that can be done close to the patient; patients still need to wait for their results to come
back from the testing laboratory. This is not a point-of-care test that can be done in physician offices or
near-patient, nor can it be used at home. Hence, it is not considered a rapid test . SalivaDirect requires a
high complexity laboratory with experience in manual molecular testing with 3 physically separated
areas for testing, one with biological safety cabinets. Most hospital laboratories cannot do this. Testing is
performed by highly skilled laboratorians. Labs must ensure all regulatory requirements before providing
testing.

Easy-to-collect: This test only requires collection of saliva in a sterile container,

Saliva can be collected in sterile containers that are widely available, cheap and do not require special
preservatives or containers

Limitations of this test

Skilled professionals:

Collection concerns: Saliva can be hard to collect from some patients, may still pose an aerosol risk

Test sensitivity: Saliva is 10-50x less sensitive as a sample type than a nasopharyngeal swab. Patients
with low viral loads may falsely test negative.

8.
There are around 113 million cases of covid 19 globally with united states with the most number of cases
with a count of 28 million with deaths of 500,000. next to follow the united states is india with a count of
11 million cases and a death count of 156 thousand.

Philippines has a record of 587 thousand 704 cases with active cases of 40 074 and a recovery 535 207 .
the death count in the philippines is 12 , 423