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  • SECTION 23.2: Education International Schools

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    1. Proteins are made of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds to form polypeptide chains. The amino acid sequence determines the protein's primary structure. Additional levels of structure include secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures which are determined by bonding interactions between different parts of the polypeptide chain. 2. Enzymes function as catalysts by lowering the activation energy of biochemical reactions in living organisms. They achieve this by binding to specific substrate molecules and increasing the rate of the reaction without being consumed. 3. Fibrous proteins like collagen, elastin, keratin and fibroin provide structural and mechanical support throughout the body. They form strong, inelastic fibers that serve important functions like

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    1. Proteins are made of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds to form polypeptide chains. The amino acid sequence determines the protein's primary structure. Additional levels of structure include secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures which are determined by bonding interactions between different parts of the polypeptide chain. 2. Enzymes function as catalysts by lowering the activation energy of biochemical reactions in living organisms. They achieve this by binding to specific substrate molecules and increasing the rate of the reaction without being consumed. 3. Fibrous proteins like collagen, elastin, keratin and fibroin provide structural and mechanical support throughout the body. They form strong, inelastic fibers that serve important functions like

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    16 views2 pages

    SECTION 23.2: Education International Schools

    Uploaded by

    Massar Ameer
    1. Proteins are made of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds to form polypeptide chains. The amino acid sequence determines the protein's primary structure. Additional levels of structure include secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures which are determined by bonding interactions between different parts of the polypeptide chain. 2. Enzymes function as catalysts by lowering the activation energy of biochemical reactions in living organisms. They achieve this by binding to specific substrate molecules and increasing the rate of the reaction without being consumed. 3. Fibrous proteins like collagen, elastin, keratin and fibroin provide structural and mechanical support throughout the body. They form strong, inelastic fibers that serve important functions like

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    Education International Schools

    www.education-school.edu.sa

    Science Department

    Academic Year 2020-2021

    SECTION 23.2
    SHORT ANSWER Answer the following questions in the space provided.
    1. _____ Proteins are polypeptides made of many
    (a) lipids.
    (b) carbohydrates.
    (c) starches.
    (d) amino acids.
    2. _____ The side chains of amino acids may contain
    (a) acidic and basic groups.
    (b) polar groups.
    (c) nonpolar groups.
    (d) All of the above
    3. _____ The amino acid sequence of a polypeptide chain is its
    (a) primary structure.
    (b) secondary structure.
    (c) tertiary structure.
    (d) quaternary structure.
    4. _____ The secondary structure of a protein that is shaped like a coil, with hydrogen
    bonds that form along a single segment of peptide, is
    (a) a looped structure.
    (b) the active site.
    (c) an alpha helix.
    (d) a beta pleated sheet.
    5. According to the text, which amino acid(s) contains a side chain
    __________________ a. in which molecules form covalent disulfide bridges with each
    other?
    __________________ b. that is hydrophobic?
    __________________ c. that forms hydrogen bonds?
    __________________ d. that is basic?
    6. Identify each protein structure level described below.
    __________________ a. may involve hydrogen bonds, salt bridges, and disulfide
    bonds that determine a protein’s three-dimensional structure
    __________________ b. is determined by the interaction of several polypeptides
    coming together
    __________________ c. is the amino acid sequence of a protein
    7. How many different tripeptides can be formed from one molecule of glycine and two
    molecules of valine? Draw the isomers using their three-letter codes.
    ______________________________________________________________
    ______________________________________________________________
    8. What are the functions of fibrous proteins?
    ______________________________________________________________
    ______________________________________________________________
    ______________________________________________________________
    ______________________________________________________________
    9. How do enzymes work?
    ______________________________________________________________
    ______________________________________________________________

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