TUGAS TERMODINAMIKA BUKU SMITH VAN NESS

NAMA : NILA WULANTIKA

NIM 1807124317

KELAS : TEKNIK KIMIA S1-C

5.2 A Carnot engine receives 250 kW of heat from a heat-source reservoir at 798.15
K (525°C) and rejects heat to a heat-sink reservoir at 323.15 K (50°C). What are
the power developed and the heat rejected?
Jawab :
Dik Dit
TH = 525oC = 798,15 K Work ?
Tc = 323,15 K Qc ?
QH = 250 kJ/s

Efisiensi
𝑇𝑐
ɳ = 1-
𝑇𝐻
323,15 𝐾
ɳ=
798,15 𝐾
1-
ɳ = 0,595

Work (W)
W=ɳ x
QH
W = 0,595 x 250 Kj/s
W = 148,78 Kj/s
Atau
W = 148,78 Kw

Qc = QH – W
Qc = 250 Kj/s – 148,78 Kj/s
Qc = 101,22 KJ/s

5.3 The following heat engines produce power of 95 000 kW. Determine in each case
the rates at which heat is absorbed from the hot reservoir and discarded to the
cold reservoir.
(a) A Carnot engine operates between heat reservoirs at 750 K and 300 K.
(b) A practical engine operates between the same heat reservoirs but with a
thermal efficiency r/ = 0.35
Jawab
Dit
QH ?
QC ?
a. Dik
TH = 750 K
Tc = 300 K
W= 95000 Kw
𝑇𝑐
ɳ = 1-
𝑇𝐻
300 𝐾
ɳ=
750 𝐾
1-
ɳ = 0,6

𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑘
QH= ɳ

95000 𝐾𝑤
QH= 0,6
QH = 1,583 x 106 Kw

Qc = QH – W
QC = 1, 583 x 106 Kw – 95000 Kw
QC = 6,333 x 104 Kw
b. ɳ= 0,35

𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑘
QH= ɳ

95000 𝐾𝑤
QH= 0,35
QH = 2,714 x 105 Kw

Qc = QH – W
QC = 2,714 x 105 Kw – 95000 Kw
QC = 1,764 x 105 Kw

5.4 A particular power plant operates with a heat-source reservoir at 623.15 K

(350°C) and a heat-sink reservoir at 303.15 K (30°C). It has a thermal
efficiency equal to 55% of the Carnot-engine thermal efficiency for the
same temperatures.
(a) What is the thermal efficiency of the plant?
(b) To what temperature must the heat-source reservoir be raised to
increase the thermal efficiency of the plant to 35%? Again 7 is 55% of the
Carnot-engine value.
Jawab
Dik Dit = ɳ 𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑛𝑜𝑡 ?
a. Dik Dit
TH = 623,15 K ɳ ?
TC = 303,15 K
 ɳ
ɳ 𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑛𝑜𝑡 = 𝑇𝑐
1-
𝑇𝐻
303,15 𝐾
ɳ 𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑛𝑜𝑡 =
623,15 𝐾
1-
 ɳ 𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑛𝑜𝑡 = 0,513
ɳ = 55%. ɳ 𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑛𝑜𝑡
ɳ = 0,282
b. Dik
ɳ = 0,35
Dit
TH ?
 TH
ɳ
ɳ 𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑛𝑜𝑡
= 0,55
0,35
ɳ 𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑛𝑜𝑡 0,55
=
ɳ 𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑛𝑜𝑡 = 0,636
𝑇𝑐
ɳ=1−
𝑇𝐻
303,15 𝐾
TH = 1−0,636

TH = 833,66 K
5.7 Large quantities of liquefied natural gas (LNG) are shipped by ocean
tanker. At the unloading port provision is made for vaporization of the LNG
so that it may be delivered to pipelines as gas. The LNG arrives in the
tanker at atmospheric pressure and 113.7 K, and represents a possible heat
sink for use as the cold reservoir of a heat engine. For unloading of LNG as
a vapor at the rate of 9000 m3 s-I, as measured at 298.15 K (25°C) and
1.0133 bar, and assuming the availability of an adequate heat source at
303.15 K (30°C), what is the maximum possible power obtainable and
what is the rate of heat transfer from the heat source? Assume that LNG at
298.15 K (25°C) and 1.0133 bar is an ideal gas with the molar mass of 17.
Also assume that the LNG vaporizes only, absorbing only its latent heat of
512 kJ kg-' at 113.7 K.
Jawab
 Dik Dit
V = 9000 m3/s Work ?
P = 1,0133 bar QH ?
T = 298,15 K
Mol wt = 17 gm/mol
Jawab
𝑃𝑉
MLNG = molwt
𝑅𝑇
𝑚3
101330 𝑝𝑎 𝑥 9000 𝑥 17 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙
MLNG = 𝑝𝑎
𝑠

8,314 𝑚3. 𝐾 𝑥 298,15 𝐾

𝑚𝑜𝑙
1 𝐾𝑔
MLNG = 6254385, 4 g/s x
1000 𝑔

MLNG = 6254, 38 kg/s

𝑇𝑐
ɳ = 1-
𝑇𝐻
113,7 𝐾
ɳ = 1-
303,15 𝐾

ɳ = 0,625
Nilai Qc
Qc = MLNG x 512 kj/s
Qc = 6254,38 x 512 kj/s
Qc = 3202245,33 KJ/s
Qc = 3,202 x 106 Kw

a. QH
𝑄𝑐
QH =
1−ɳ

3202245,33 KJ/s
QH= 1−0,625
QH = 8539320,87 Kw
QH = 8,54 x 106 Kw
b. Work
W = QH - Qc
W = 8,54 x106 Kw - 3,202 x 106 Kw
W = 5,33 x 106 Kw