Welcome to

English Course
Second Semester 2019
19 February 2019

Lecturer :

H. Efri Yoni Baikoeni, SS, MA

Doctoral Candidate, Universiti Brunei Darussalam
 LANGUAGE

system skill
grammar listening
vocabulary speaking
pronunciation reading
register writing

UNDERSTAND, USE, DRILL PRACTICE

OUTLINE OF COURSE

Objective: To know about:

Definition of Phrase

Categories of the phrase

Heads and Modifier (Dependents)

Relation between Phrase and Idiom

Relation between Phrase and Clause

Exercise

Have fun
 In fact, sentences or phrase is like
Human Being

 An unlucky student almost lost a 17th century violin worth almost

£200,000.
 William Brown inherited the 1698 Stradivarius violin from his mother.
 Devide up. Make it simple !
To ease you in understanding any long sentence, you
may devide elements of sentence through several
groups.

 An unlucky student almost lost a 17th century

violin worth almost £200,000.
 William Brown inherited the 1698 Stradivarius
violin from his mother.
 PHRASE
In common usage, a phrase is usually a group of words
with some special idiomatic meaning or other
significance, such as "all rights reserved", "economical
with the truth", "kick the bucket", and the like. It may
be a euphemism, a saying or proverb, a fixed
expression, a figure of speech, etc.

In English grammar, a phrase is a group of two or

more words functioning as a meaningful unit within
a sentence or clause. A phrase is commonly
characterized as a grammatical unit at a level between
a word and a clause.
An Expanded Definition
of Phrase
"A prototypical phrase is a group of
words forming a unit and consisting
of a head or 'nucleus' together with
other words or word groups
clustering around it.
Heads and Modifier
(Dependents)
A phrase is made up of a head
(or headword)—which determines
the grammatical nature of the
unit—and one or more
optional modifiers.
Categories of the phrase
The head identifies the type and linguistic features of the
phrase. The syntactic category of the head is used to name the
category of the phrase.

For example, a phrase whose head is a noun is called a noun

phrase. The remaining words in a phrase are called the
dependents of the head.

So, if the head of the phrase is a noun, we speak of a noun

phrase (NP) (e.g. all those beautiful houses built in the sixties).
If the head is a verb, the phrase is a verb phrase (VP).
1. Noun Phrase (NP)

In a noun phrase, one or more words work together to

give more information about a noun.
The head is a noun. For example:
 all my dear children
 the information age
 seventeen hungry lions in the rocks
 a good friend
 the massive dinosaur;
 "Buy a big bright green pleasure machine!"
Verb Phrase (VP)
In a verb phrase, one or more words work
together to give more meaning to a verb. In
English, the verb phrase is very complex.
The head is a verb. For example:
 drives carefully
 watch TV
 "Your father may be going away for a
little while.“
 Jill prepared us a couple of sandwiches.
Adjective Phrase (AP)
In an adjective phrase, one or more words work
together to give more information about an adjective.
The head is an adjective. For example:
 so very sweet
 earnest in her desire
 very happy with his work
 very cold and dark
 very happy
 "It is always the best policy to speak the truth—
unless, of course, you are an exceptionally
good liar."
Adverb Phrase (AdvP)
In an adverb phrase, one or more words work
together to give more information about
an adverb. The head is an adverb. For example:
 especially softly
 formerly of the city of Perth
 much too quickly to see clearly
 quite slowly
 too slowly;
 "Movements born in hatred very quickly take
on the characteristics of the thing they
oppose."
Prepositional Phrase (PP)
In a prepositional phrase, one or more words work together
to give information about time, location, or possession, or
condition. The preposition always appears at the front of the
phrase (preposition = pre-position). For example:
 after a very long walk
 behind the old building
 for all the hungry children
 in case it should happen again
 in first place
 at lunch; the head is a preposition
 "I could dance with you until the cows come home. On
second thought I'd rather dance with the cows until you
come home."
Relation between
Phrase and Idiom
 Relation between
Phrase and Clause
Find out 4 (four) phrases in the first paragraph below and
identify which word acts as a head and modifier.

“Manpower Minister Hanif Dhakiri said on Sunday that the

Banten Provincial administration should be held accountable for
the poor monitoring that led to a deadly blast in a fireworks
factory in Kosambi, Tangerang.
Hanif said the factory, operated by PT Panca Buana Cahaya
Sukses, had failed to implement protective measures for its
workers despite storing and producing flammable materials.
He said the monitoring duties for work safety were now in the
hands of the Banten provincial administration and that it needed
to ensure such measures were implemented correctly in
factories.”

(The Jakarta Post, 30 Oktober 2017)

Thank You
ENGLISH PROVERB
 Action Speak Louder Than Words
 An Apple A Day Keeps The Doctor Away
 Better Late Than Never
 Don’t Count Your Chicken Before They Are Hatched
 In The Country Of The Blind The One-Eyed Man Is King
 Delays Are Dangerous
 Diligence Is The Mother Of Good Luck
 Dogs Bark, But The Caravan Goes On (Anjing Mengonggong Kapilak Berlalu)
 Eat To Live Not Live to Eat
 Empty Socks Will Never Stand Upright
 Every Man is The Architect Of His Own Fortune
 Experience Is The Best Teacher
How do they have a sit????
Love Me, Love My Dog
Make Hay While The Sun Shines
Man Proposes God Disposes
If You Don’t Make Mistake You Don’t Make Anything
Never Old To Learn
You Cannot Make An Omelatte Whithout Breaking Eggs
Opportuning Never Knocks Twice At Any Man’s Door
The Pen Is Mightier Than The Sword
If You Play With Fire You Get Burnt
Practice Makes Perfect
When In Rome, Do As The Romans Do
Silence Is Golden
If You’re Not Part Of The Solution You’re Part Of The Problem
Strike While The Iron Hot
Think First And Speak After Words
Don’t Throw Out Your Dirty Water Until You Get In Fresh
Travel Boadins The Mind
The Tree Is Known By Its Fruit
United We Stand Devided We Fall
We Must Learn To Walk Before We Can Run
Don’t Go Near The Water Until You Learn How To Swim
Where There’s A Will There’s A Way
First Come, First Served.
A friend in Need Is A friend Indeed
Go Abroad and You’ll Hear News Of Home
Good Helps Them That Help them Item selve
The Glass Is Always Greener On The Other Side Of
The Fence
If you don’t Like The Heat Get Out Of The Heat
The Higher The Monkay, Climb, The More He Shows
His Tail
An Idle Brain Is The Devil Workshop
The King Can Do No Wrong
Knowledge Is Power
You Never Know What You Can Do Bill You Try
A Little Knowledge Is A Dangerous Thing
Love Makes The World Go Round
Several Issues for further discussion with IR:
1. Replacement Class (2 sessions). Monday, 16 April 2018
(1 session), 7.45 am. Monday, 23 April, 7.45
2. Clashing program on Friday, 20 April 2018. Need another
replacement classes?. Schedule?
3. Tutorial Class for Group-Presentation. Wednesday, 18
April 2018 (or other option?)
4. Rehearsal of Listening Class for Mid-Test (End of April).
Everyone has to bring earphone. Number of students own
individual laptop? 15 laptop will be provided.
Schedule?
5. Workshop Visit from JIS, Wednesday 18 April 2018.