DLN Controls

DRY LOW NOX I

John Cole, Joe Law

Controls Engineering
DLN 1 Design Intent
initial attempt at “dry” low emissions
verses water or steam injection to achieve compliance

Two zone combustion

What are we trying to control?... and how...

gas fuel porting

combustion reference temperature TTRF1

a modeled reference of machine T4

control valves positioned based upon flow

characteristics to achieve desired flow split

flow scheduling based upon TTRF1, IGV angle and

ambient temperature
 DLNOx-1 GAS FUEL SYSTEM

cpd
Primary Gas Purge primary flame detector
Dual fuel only
GSV
Primary

SRV GCV
FD
Secondary
GTV
Transfer

cpd spark plug

Transfer Purge
DLN-1 MODES OF OPERATION

 Primary Mode

 Lean Lean Mode

 Secondary Transfer Mode

 Premix Transfer Mode

 Premix Steady State Mode

 Re-ignition
 DLN-1 TYPICAL
START MODE
TRANSITION
PRIMARY MODE
LOADING
SEQUENCE
LEAN LEAN MODE EXTENDED
LEAN -LEAN
SELECTED
“ON”
(OPTIONAL
SECONDARY TRANSFER MODE SELECTION)
EXTENDED LEAN-
LEAN MODE
PREMIX TRANSFER MODE

PREMIX STEADY
STATE MODE
 STOP DLN-1 TYPICAL
MODE
TRANSITION
IF LEAN LEAN
PREMIX STEADY BASE MODE IS UN-LOADING
STATE MODE
SELECTED “ON” SEQUENCE

EXTENDED LEAN-
RE-TGNITION LEAN MODE

LEAN LEAN MODE

PRIMARY MODE

UNIT FLAME-OUT
 DLNOx-1 GAS FUEL SYSTEM

Primary Mode
cpd
Primary Gas Purge
Dual fuel only
GSV
Primary

SRV GCV
FD
Secondary
GTV
Transfer

cpd
Transfer Purge
 TYPICAL DLNOx FUEL GAS SPLIT SCHEDULE

PRIMARY MODE
100
90 L83FXP
L83FXP2
80 PREMIX MODE
PRIMARY 70
SPLIT L83LLEXT
60
50 EXTENED
L83FXL1 LEAN-LEAN
40 LEAN-LEAN
30 L83FXP1
20 L84FXS1 PREMIX
10 TRANSFER
SECONDARY
0 MODE
1600 1880 1935 2020

COMBUSTION REFERENCE TEMP. o

F
 DLNOx-1 GAS FUEL SYSTEM

Lean-Lean Mode
cpd
Primary Gas Purge
Dual fuel only
GSV
Primary

SRV GCV
Secondary FD
GTV
Transfer

cpd
Transfer Purge
 TYPICAL DLNOx FUEL GAS SPLIT SCHEDULE

PRIMARY MODE
100
90 L83FXP
L83FXP2
80 PREMIX MODE
PRIMARY 70
SPLIT L83LLEXT
60 L83FXL1
50 LEAN-LEAN EXTENED
LEAN-LEAN
40
30 L83FXP1
20 L84FXS1 PREMIX
10 TRANSFER
SECONDARY
0 MODE
1600 1880 1935 2020

COMBUSTION REFERENCE TEMPERATURE o

F
 DLNOx-1 GAS FUEL SYSTEM

Start of Transfer to Premix

cpd
Primary Gas Purge
Dual fuel only
GSV
Primary

SRV GCV
Secondary FD
GTV
Transfer

cpd
Transfer Purge
 TYPICAL DLNOx FUEL GAS SPLIT SCHEDULE

PRIMARY MODE
100
90 L83FXP
L83FXP2
80 PREMIX MODE
PRIMARY 70
SPLIT L83FXL1 L83LLEXT
60
LEAN-LEAN EXTENED
50
LEAN-LEAN
40
30 L83FXP1
20 L84FXS1 PREMIX
10 TRANSFER
SECONDARY
0 MODE
1600 1880 1935 2020

COMBUSTION REFERENCE TEMPERATURE o

F
 DLNOx-1 GAS FUEL SYSTEM

Secondary Only
cpd
Primary Gas Purge
Dual fuel only
GSV
Primary

SRV GCV
Secondary FD
GTV
Transfer

cpd
Transfer Purge
 TYPICAL DLNOx FUEL GAS SPLIT SCHEDULE

PRIMARY MODE
100
90 L83FXP
L83FXP2
80 PREMIX MODE
PRIMARY 70
SPLIT L83FXL1 L83LLEXT
60
LEAN-LEAN EXTENED
50
LEAN-LEAN
40
30 L83FXP1
20 L84FXS1 PREMIX
10 TRANSFER
SECONDARY
0 MODE
1600 1880 1935 2020

COMBUSTION REFERENCE TEMPERATURE o

F
 DLNOx-1 GAS FUEL SYSTEM

Premix Transfer
cpd
Primary Gas Purge
Dual fuel only
GSV
Primary

SRV GCV
FD
Secondary
GTV
Transfer

cpd
Transfer Purge
 TYPICAL DLNOx FUEL GAS SPLIT SCHEDULE

PRIMARY MODE
100
90 L83FXP
L83FXP2
80 PREMIX MODE
PRIMARY 70
SPLIT L83LLEXT
60
50 EXTENED
L83FXL1 LEAN-LEAN
40 LEAN-LEAN
30 L83FXP1
20 L84FXS1 PREMIX
10 TRANSFER
SECONDARY
0 MODE
1600 1880 1935 2020

COMBUSTION REFERENCE TEMPERATURE o

F
 DLNOx-1 GAS FUEL SYSTEM

Premix Steady-State
cpd
Primary Gas Purge
Dual fuel only
GSV
Primary

SRV GCV
Secondary FD
GTV
Transfer

cpd
Transfer Purge
 TYPICAL DLNOx FUEL GAS SPLIT SCHEDULE

PRIMARY MODE
100
90 L83FXP
L83FXP2
80 PREMIX MODE
PRIMARY 70
SPLIT L83LLEXT
60
50 EXTENED
L83FXL1 LEAN-LEAN
40 LEAN-LEAN
30 L83FXP1
20 L84FXS1 PREMIX
10 TRANSFER
SECONDARY
0 MODE
1600 1880 1935 2020

COMBUSTION REFERENCE TEMPERATURE o

F
 DLNOx-1 GAS FUEL SYSTEM

Extended Lean-Lean Mode

cpd
Primary Gas Purge
Dual fuel only
GSV
Primary

SRV GCV
FD
Secondary
GTV
Transfer

cpd
Transfer Purge
 TYPICAL DLNOx FUEL GAS SPLIT SCHEDULE

PRIMARY MODE
100
90 L83FXP
L83FXP2
80 PREMIX MODE
PRIMARY 70
SPLIT L83LLEXT
60
50 EXTENED
L83FXL1 LEAN-LEAN
40 LEAN-LEAN
30 L83FXP1
20 L84FXS1 PREMIX
10 TRANSFER
SECONDARY
0 MODE
1600 1880 1935 2020

COMBUSTION REFERENCE TEMPERATURE o

F
 DLNOx-1 LIQUID FUEL SYSTEM

PRIMARY MODE
cpd
Primary Gas Purge
Dual fuel only
GSV
Primary

SRV GCV
Secondary

Transfer

cpd SEC LIQUID FUEL PURGE

FLOW
Transfer Purge CONTROL
ORIFICE
50
PRIMARY LIQ FUEL X10
FROM 40
%primary
FLOW SECONDARY LIQ FUEL X10
30
DIVIDER 20
10
0
SHEAR ISOLATION VALVE 1400 1600 1800 2000
L20FK (0 = de-energized), L33FK1C (1 = VLV CLOSED) Combustion Ref Temp
 DLNOx-1 LIQUID FUEL SYSTEM

LEAN-LEAN MODE
cpd
Primary Gas Purge
Dual fuel only
GSV
Primary

SRV GCV
Secondary

Transfer

cpd SEC LIQUID FUEL PURGE

FLOW
Transfer Purge CONTROL
ORIFICE
50
PRIMARY LIQ FUEL X10
%primary 40
FROM
FLOW 30
SECONDARY LIQ FUEL X10
DIVIDER 20
10
0
SHEAR ISOLATION VALVE 1400 1600 1800 2000
L20FK (1=energized), L33FK1C (0= VLV OPEN) Combustion Ref Temp
 Transfer Purge System

Functional requirement to prevent hot combustion gasses

from entering transfer fuel passages

CPD air piped to the transfer gas manifold

Primary Gas Purge

Dual fuel only
GSV
Primary

SRV GCV
Secondary FD
GTV
Transfer

cpd
Transfer Purge

The transfer purge system flows purge air in all modes

except secondary only mode and premix transfer mode

Inadequate purge flow will cause catastrophic fuel nozzle failure

DLN-1 Hardware

Gas Splitter Valve - 2 designs in place Secondary

Stacked valve design

2 Fisher 2-Way EWD CV’s
equal % trim
Orientation:
Secondary top Primary
Primary bottom

3-way valve design

Fisher YD diverging flow
equal % trim

Actuation/Feedback Secondary Primary

Single hydraulic actuator
Servo controlled
LVDT position feedback

The Gas Splitter valve only controls flow split

based upon known valve and fuel system characteristics
DLN-1 Hardware

Transfer Valve
3-way valve design Secondary Transfer
Fisher YD diverging flow
equal % trim
Actuation/Feedback:
Single hydraulic actuator
Servo controlled
LVDT position feedback
Secondary
The Gas transfer valve only controls flow split
based upon known valve and fuel system characteristics

primary flame detector

Spark Plugs
2 per unit, Non-retracting
Capacitive discharge
FD
secondary flame detector
Flame Detection
Standard UV detectors
8 per unit - (4 primary, 4 secondary) spark plug
 WATER INJECTION

Used for:
Nox Control on Liquid Fuel
Power Augmentation

Types:
Dual Stream
Emulsion

Ratios:
0.8 to 2.0 Water to Fuel ratios (site specific)
 WATER INJECTION

Dual Stream:
– Used on Frame 7s & 9s for Nox & Power Aug.
– One Stop Valve, Two Control Valves
» Stop valve solenoid Controlled
» Control Valves I/P controlled
– Water injection nozzles are Purged when not in use

Purge
Primary
10x
Water
Manifold

Secondary
water skid 10x
Water
Manifold
Purge
 WATER INJECTION

• Emulsion:
– Used on 6’s for Nox Control on Liquid Fuel in Lean-Lean
– Hydraulic controlled variable Stop Valve
– Hydraulic controlled variable Control Valve
– Mixes water & Fuel in fuel line near End Cover

Primary
Isolation valve Primary Liq
Fuel

10x

Purge
Stop Control
Valve Valve

10x Secondary Liq

Secondary Fuel
Water Skid Isolation valve