Multi-generations socioeconomic status as determinant of childhood obesity

Childhood obesity is a growing public health problem globally. Being obese in a

child could significantly affect his or her healthy development and bring long-term
health consequences (Oral et al., 2019). Previous studies reported that the prevalence of
overweight and obesity in Indonesia is growing, so it must be addressed promptly to
prevent the adverse effects in the future (Rachmi et al., 2016), (Syahrul et al., 2016).
Dietary patterns with higher consumption of highly processed foods and lower
consumption of fruits and vegetables, low levels of physical activity, sedentary lifestyle,
lower sleep time, and lower educational and socioeconomic status could increase the
risk of overweight and obesity (Aranceta-Bartrina and Pérez-Rodrigo, 2016). On
contrary concerning socioeconomic status, important determinants of childhood obesity
include high socioeconomic status, urban environment, female gender, lower nutrition
knowledge, excessive marketing by food companies, high academic stress, and poor
facilities for physical activity (Gupta et al., 2012).
Rachmi et al showed different results, they reported that children had a greater
probability of being at risk, or overweight/obese when they were male, or had at least
one parent who was overweight/obese, or had fathers with high educational status
(Rachmi et al., 2016). Another study showed that physical activity and parental obesity
history are the most important determinants for childhood obesity in Iran (Baygi et al.,
2012).
In spite of different effect of the socioeconomic status to nutritional status, we
could assume that the socioeconomic status is not just a matter of core family but rooted
far more on the higher generations. There is lack of comprehensive data on
socioeconomic status of parents and grandparents or even higher generations of an
obese child. The focus of this study is to analyze multi generation socioeconomic status
for childhood obesity as a potential determinant.

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