1. Define ​nationality:​
an ethnic group forming a part of one or more political nations.

2. Though they are very similar, use the table below to show ​how nationality differs
from ethnicity ​in North America (*use 2nd paragraph of reading for ​General​.)
ETHNICITY NATIONALITY
​General​: ​General​:

----------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------
​US​: ​US​:

----------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------
​Quebec​: Quebec​:

3. How did the ​United States forge its own nationality​ in the late eighteenth century?
The U.S. forged a nationality out of a collection of ethnic groups gathered primarily from Europe
and Africa, not through traditional means of issuing passports

4. Take ​notes​ on the ​four​ major ethnicities​ of the ​BRITISH ISLES​ below.

English descendants of Germain tribes who crossed North Sea

Welsh Celtic people conquered by England

Celtic people with an independent country for 700 years until Scotland's King
Scots became the King of England it united the two countries

The Irish were Celtic people who were ruled by England until the 20th century,
Irish when most of the island became the independent country of Ireland.
5. Explain how people in ​IRELAND​ can have the ​same ethnicity ​but​ different
nationalities​.

6. Why do ​sports​ help provide the people of the ​BRITISH ISLES​ ​their own ​ethnic
identities​?
It is a strong element of ethnic identities.

7. Regarding ​nationalism​:
a. What is it? loyalty and devotion to a nationality

b. How do nations &

states foster it? by promoting symbols of the country, such as flags and songs

c. In what says can the sense of unity within a nation-state is sometimes achieved
nationalism have a through the creation of negative images of other nation-states
negative impact?

d. What are centripetal

forces? an attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a
state

LEBANON ​(continued)
a. List the Christian sects within Lebanon roughly 60% Muslims and 40% Christians
from largest to smallest.

b. List the Muslim sects within Lebanon
from largest to smallest.
c. Why is Lebanon’s diversity ethnic rather
than religious?
Most of Lebanon's Muslims belong to one of
several Shiite sects. Sunnis, who are much
more numerous in the world, account for a
minority of Lebanon's Muslims. Lebanon also
has an important community of Druze, who
were once considered to have a separate
religion, but now consider themselves Muslim.
Many Druze rituals are kept secret from
outsiders.
Lebanon's diversity may appear to be religious
rather than ethnic, but most of Lebanon's
Christians consider themselves ethnically

d. How did Lebanon’s 1943 Constitution
seek to solve the religion problem?
descended from the ancient Phoenicians who
once occupied present day Lebanon. In this
way, Lebanon's christians differentiate
themselves form the country's Muslims who
are considered Arabs
that each religion be represented in the
Chamber of Deputies according to its
percentage in the 1932 Census.

o The president​…

o The premier​…

o The speaker of the chamber of

deputies​…

o The​ ​foreign minister​…

e. In what regions are the religious groups

of Lebanon concentrated?

f. What happened in 1975? How has it

been resolved?

a. Which group is​ unhappy​? Why (list ​specific reasons​)?

Hutu unhappy with the presidents' attempts to see peace between Hutus and Tutsis.
Hutus constituted a majority of the population of Rwanda historically but Tutsis
controlled the kingdom of Rwanda for several hundred years and turned the Hutus into
their surfs.

8. Regarding ​INDIA​: When the ​British ended colonial control of South Asia in 1947​,
what did they do in the region?
The country was divided into two countries, India & Pakistan (which was comprised of two
noncontiguous areas - East & West Pakistan). India became predominately Hindu, while the two
Pakistan's became predominately Muslim.

a. There were some BIG numbers of forced migrants​:

• How many people found themselves ​“on the wrong side of [the] boundary” in the
1940s?
17 million

• How many ​Muslims migrated from India to ​West Pakistan​ (Pakistan, today)?
 6 million Muslims
• How many ​Muslims migrated from India to ​East Pakistan​ (Bangladesh, today)?
1 million
• How many ​Hindus migrated from East and West Pakistan into ​India​?
Six million from west Pakistan, 3.5 million from east Pakistan.
• What happened to the many ​refugees​ as they traveled?

Hindus in Pakistan and Muslims in India killed by rival religion.

INDIA​ (continued)
b. Why is the region of ​Kashmir​ a problem…
ndia and Pakistan never agreed on a boundary.
● politically?

Pakistan and India never agreed on the location of the

● in terms of religion? boundary separating the countries on the northern region
of Kashmir. India blames Pakistan for the unrest

 
9. REGARDING the​ KURDS​:
a. Describe how events ​after WWI​ affected the Kurds.

30 million Kurds are split among several countries; 14 million live in eastern Turkey, 5 million in
northern Iraq, 4 million in western Iran, 2 million in Syria, and the rest in other counties. To
foster Turkish nationalism, Turks have repeatedly tried to suppress Kurdish culture; languages
was illegal in Turkey until 1991. The Kurds have tried to gain independence in all countries
without success.

b. In what ​countries​ do the Kurds live in today? (Give Populations & %’s if listed)

Currently, despite their numbers, they are an ethnicity with no corresponding Kurdish
states. Instead, they are forced to live under the control of the region's more powerful
nationalities.
10. Take key notes and list the ​ethnic diversities within each of the countries in West
Asia​:
IRAQ
Ethnicities IRAQ: -75% Arabs, divided between Shiite & Sunni

Impact of
US USA invades and removes Hussein from Power.
involvemen
t

IRAN
Ethnicities Mostly Persians, adheres to Shiite Islam

History…

-Minority= Azeri and Baluchi

AFGHANISTAN
Ethnicities -Pashton, Tajik, Hazara

Impact of
Soviet & US -after years of fighting among ethnicities a part of Pashtun called Taliban gained
involvemen control over most of the country; imposed harsh strict laws according to Islamic
t values

PAKISTAN
Ethnicities Punjabi;

History…
-along border with Afghanistan mainly Baluchi and Pashtun
-Punjabi converted to Islam (Sunni) after they were conquered by the Muslim
army