Work on beans(White Beans)

Introduction to White Kidney beans –

White kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) belongs to the leguminous plant. It is a
common bean which is edible in the world and produced in various places of
China. Ingredients prsent in white kidney bean like dietary fiber have a positive
effect for diabetes as well as in obesity in different parts[1]. In various studies it
has been found that α-amylase inhibitor present in white kidney bean has positive
effects on prevention as well as in cure of diabetes melitus[2]. But some reports
focus on the antidiabetic property of polysaccharide, one of the most important
components in white kidney bean. White kidney bean have so much amount of
essential amino acids specially leucine, lysine, phenylalanine and tyrosine as per
guided by FAO and WHO[3-5]. white kidney beans are acceptable on the basis of
the de minimis concept and are treated as a proper food by the United States
Food and Drug Administration. So, a proper attention has been given to the
industrial application of white kidney bean extracts in producing the low-GI food.
So, a particular methods have to be proposed in food industry for the use of white
kidney bean extracts[6]. White Kidney Bean may result in intestinal inflammation
because of the interaction between its lectins with the mucosa of the small
intestine[6-7].

Nutritional Composition of White Kidney Beans[10-11] –

 Calorie – 114
 Protein(g) – 8
 Fat(g) – 0.5
 Total Carbohydrate(g) – 20
 Dietary Fiber(g) – 8
 Sodium(mg) – 1
 Potassium(mg) – 305[10]
 Ash - 4.50% ± 0.41
 total sugar contents - 0.32 ± 0.006[11]
Health Benefits of White Kidney Beans –
 This is an hypothesis that the consumption of a mixture of mulberry – leaf
and white kidney bean extracts can improve the postprandial glucose
response in pre-diabetic people[12].
 Fewer studies suggested that beans have capacity to reduce the risk of
osteoporosis, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, diabetes , as well as
cancer like diseases and also needful for reducing the LDL cholesterol[3-5].
 White Kidney Beans can reduced plasma lipids in hyperlipidemic animals [8]
and can decrease body weight [9]
 White beans are a good source of protein and When paired with a regular
exercise regimen and nutritious diet, they can promote healthy muscle
mass[13].
 White beans can work as one of the important protein sources for those
who are vegetarian[14].

Applications of White Kidney Beans –

 White kidney bean extracts can be used in the production of food which
has low Glycemic Index[6].
 Bean flakes are prepared by soaking white kidney beans in water[15].
 By Using the White Black beans as an ingredient we can make a product
which is best for diabetic patients.

References –
[1] (Shaban, E. E., Elbakry, H. F. H., Ibrahim, K. S., El Sayed, E. M., Salama, D. M., & Farrag, A. H.
(2019)
[2] (Tormo, M. A., Gil-Exojo, I., Romero de Tejada, A., & Campillo, J. E. (2004).).
[3] F.B. Hu, Plant-based foods and prevention of cardiovascular disease: an overview, Am. J.
Clin. Nutr. (2003), https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/78.3.544s.
[4] D.R. Jacobs, D.D. Gallaher, Whole grain intake and cardiovascular disease: a review, Curr.
Atheroscler. Rep. 6 (2004) 415–423 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ pubmed/15485586
(accessed November 4, 2019).
[5] R.N. Tharanathan, S. Mahadevamma, Grain legumes – A boon to human nutrition, Trends
Food Sci. Technol. 14 (2003) 507–518, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2003. 07.002.
[5] N. Nciri, N. Cho, F. El Mhamdi, A. Ben Mansour, F. Haj Sassi, F. Ben Aissa-Fennira,
Identification and characterization of phytohemagglutinins from white kidney beans (Phaseolus
vulgaris L., var. Beldia) in the rat small intestine, J. Med. Food 19 (1) (2016) 85–97.
[6] (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0023643818305292)
[7] J.M. Alatorre-Cruz, W. Pita-López, R.G. López-Reyes, R.A. Ferriz-Martínez, R. Cervantes-
Jiménez, M. de Jesús Guerrero Carrillo, Effects of intragastricallyadministered Tepary bean
lectins on digestive and immune organs: preclinical evaluation, Toxicol. Rep. 5 (2017) 56–64
[8] O.M. Metwalli, S.Y. al-Okbi, A.E. Abbas, Impact of some commonly used Egyptian diets on
plasma lipids profiles of rats, Z. Ernahrungswiss. 32 (3) (1993) 229–236.
[9] D. Chokshi, Subchronic oral toxicity of a standardized white kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)
extract in rats, Food Chem. Toxicol. 45 (1) (2007) 32–40
[10] https://beaninstitute.com/bean-nutrition-overview/
[11] T.G. Kudre, S. Benjakul, H. Kishimura, Comparative study on chemical compositions and
properties of protein isolates from mung bean, black bean and bambara groundnut, J. Sci. Food
Agric. 93 (2013) 2429–2436, https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa. 6052.
[12] https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1756464620303418.
[13] https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/white-beans-nutrition#benefits
[14] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6893534/
[15] https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128146255000194