Biocides in Inks and Fountain Solutions 2017: Prepared By: Biocide Information Limited Email

REPORT
BIOCIDES IN INKS AND

FOUNTAIN SOLUTIONS
2017
Prepared by: Biocide Information Limited

Email: info@biocide-information.com
More about us on www.biocide-information.com
GLOBAL SUMMARY – BIOCIDES IN INKS
Market Size 2017: Active Ingredient

$ 52 million
BIOCIDE SALES BY REGION:

Table 1: Biocide Sales by Region for Inks and Fountain Solutions
REGION SALES ($M)
AMERICAS 17
ASIA PACIFIC 20
EUROPE 15
BIOCIDE SALES BY LEADING ACTIVE INGREDIENT:

Table 2: Biocide Sales by Type
BIOCIDES SALES ($M)
BIT 8
CMIT/MIT 8
Silver 8
BIT/MIT 10.0
BIOCIDE SALES BY LEADING ACTIVE INGREDIENT SUPPLIER:

Table 3: Biocide Sales by Manufacturer
COMPANY SALES ($M)
LONZA 7
Dow 7
Lanxess 4
Thor 6
Outlook for the future:

• The market for biocides in Inks & Fountain Solutions is expected to grow 1 %.
Biocides to increase / decrease:

• BIT/MIT, Bronopol, Silver will experience increased usage in Inks
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 INTRODUCTION & METHODOLGY .................................................................................4

1.1 OBJECTIVES............................................................................................................................................................4
1.2 METHODOLOGY....................................................................................................................................................4
1.3 ACCURACY OF THE INFORMATION ...............................................................................................................4
1.4 DEFINITIONS...........................................................................................................................................................4
2 END USER ANALYSIS .....................................................................................................6

2.1 TARGET MARKET .................................................................................................................................................6
2.2 MARKET SIZE .........................................................................................................................................................7
3 BIOCIDE COMPARISON ..................................................................................................8
3.1 PRICING....................................................................................................................................................................9
4 BIOCIDE CONSUMPTION ..............................................................................................10

4.1 GLOBAL AND REGIONAL ANALYSIS.............................................................................................................10
4.2 BIOCIDE CONSUMPTION AT END-USER LEVEL ........................................................................................13
5 BIOCIDE MANUFACTURERS ........................................................................................14
5.1 GLOBAL AND REGIONAL ANALYSIS.............................................................................................................14
6 DISTRIBUTION ...............................................................................................................16
7 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS .............................................................................................17
8 REGULATORY ANALYSIS ............................................................................................18
9 TRENDS ..........................................................................................................................19
10 FUTURE ......................................................................................................................20
BIOCIDES IN INKS & FOUNTAIN SOLUTIONS – 2017
1 INTRODUCTION & METHODOLGY

1.1 OBJECTIVES
The key objectives of this study were:
1. To provide marketing data on Biocides, major ink and fountain solutions using
biocides, suppliers and customers.
2. To identify and analyse the trends taking place within the biocides industry.
3. To define the distribution channels in the industry.
1.2 METHODOLOGY
The report is based on over 30 interviews conducted throughout the globe. In each industry
analysis, BI contacted end-users, biocide manufacturers, suppliers, distributors and trade
associations by telephone and conducted unstructured interviews typical of the type used in
industrial market research. In addition to interviews, the report also summarises suppliers'
product literature, data from trade associations, BI databases and our monthly information
report.
1.3 ACCURACY OF THE INFORMATION

BI believes our estimates to be within 20% of the actual value. The accuracy of the
information is dependent on many factors such as the number of interviews conducted per
application, industry concentration and industry usage patterns. In order to increase our
accuracy, BI increases the number of end-user interviews where an industry is fragmented
and continues to interview until there is similarity in responses. Also all conclusions and data
per industry were confirmed with the key manufacturers of biocides.
1.4 DEFINITIONS
Biocide manufacturers are defined as companies who manufacture biocide active ingredients
in-house. For example BASF, DowDupont, Lanxess, Lonza, Thor and Troy.
Biocide Blenders / Formulators are defined as companies whose majority of sales comes
from purchasing biocides which they blend into their own products. For example Chemipol,
IPEL, Microban, Schulke & Mayr etc.
CHAPTER 5 4 www.biocide-information.com
Distributors act as agents for both active manufacturers and biocide blenders. They are the
most popular choice of supplier for small end-users. Distributors sell a range of additives and
so will be making deliveries to end users and therefore biocides tend to be combined with
other products which allow the distributor to be competitive.
Prices are in U.S. dollars and are at active manufacturer level unless stated. The exchange
rates used are shown in the following table:
Table 4: Currency Conversion Rates

$ Currency
1 0.95 EUR
1 6.94 CNY
1 116.95 JPY
1 0.81 GBP
Source: www.xe.com
Volumes are reported in tonnes based on a 100% active biocide basis. In the case of
formulated products, the data is reported with a typical percentage of the formulated product.
2 END USER ANALYSIS
2.1 TARGET MARKET

The primary purpose of biocides in ink and fountain solutions is to enhance the value of the
finished product by prolonging its utility. The biocide inhibits the growth of bacteria and fungi,
which would otherwise lead to odours, microbial growth, discolouration of product and
premature product failure.
In each situation where microbial attack is likely to occur, different bacteria and fungi may
occur and some of the more important are highlighted:.
Table 5: Problem Microorganisms in Inks and Fountain Solutions

ORGANISM EFFECT
Bacteria Bacillus spp. Viscosity loss
Staphylococcus
Pseudomonas spp.
Xanthomonas
Fungi Pullularia Discolouration
Aspergillus
Penicillium spp.
The following table shows how we validate biocide sales.
Table 6: How we calculate Biocide Sales

TOTAL PRODUCTION OF INKS 30 M Tonnes
% Production requiring biocides 30%
Application rate for Biocides 0.1%
Total Biocide Consumption in Tonnes 9,000 Tonnes
2.2 MARKET SIZE

The global market for Printing Inks is projected to reach USD 18.2 billion by the year 2017,
driven by the mounting popularity of environment friendly inks, and incessant technology
innovations that are opening up newer growth avenues including relatively new markets such
as UV and ink jet inks.
Asia-Pacific, particularly China and India, represent the fastest growing printing inks markets.
Publication and commercial printing is a growing business in Asia, fuelled by developing
markets such as China and India.
3 BIOCIDE COMPARISON
The following table compares the most commonly used bactericides in inks & fountain
solutions.
Table 7: Consumption of Biocides used for Ink Preservation

TRADE Formulated Price
CHEMISTRY SUPPLIER % ACTIVE
NAME $/Kg
1,2- Proxel GXL Lonza
Benzoisothiazolin-3- 20% $4
one
5-chloro-2-methyl-4- Kathon LX Dow
isothi-azolin-3-1-2-
1.5% $2
methyl-4-is-thiazolin-
3-1
Blends of Nuosept 95 Troy
polymethoxy 50% $4
Bicyclic oxazolidines
2-((Hydroxymethyl) Troysan 174 Troy
97% $2
amino) ethanol
4,4- Troysan 186 Troy
78% $5
Dimethyloxazolidine
Benzyl alcohol Preventol D2 Lanxess
96% $4
hemiformal
Bromo-1- Tektamer AD Lanxess
(bromomethyl)- 1,3- 25% $4
propanedicarbonitrile
Silver Microban Microban 2% $100
1-(3-chloroally)-3,5,7 Dowicil 75 Dow
triaza-1-
68% $4
azoniaadamantarie
chloride
Bronopol Protectol BASF 99% $10
1-Methyl-3,5,7- Busan 1024 Buckman
triaza-1-
azonitricyclo- 18% $3
[3.3.1.1] decane
chloride
For ink preservation, it is quite common to have blends of the biocides in the above table.
Isothiazolinone products are generally less sensitive to product formulations and provide a
wider spectrum of activity than formaldehyde-release products. PROXEL GXL is sold as a
20% solution of 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one (BIT) in aqueous propylene glycol. KATHON LX is
a mixture of two isothiazolones and is supplied as a 1.5% aqueous solution.
3.1 PRICING
The following table compares biocide prices observed in the field for the Inks & Fountain
Solutions industry for each of the main geographical Regions.
Table 8: Comparison of Prices in $/kg (99% AI unless otherwise stated)

Biocide Americas Asia Europe
BIT 4 (20%), 4 (10%),
4 (20%)
17(33%) in Japan 5 (20%)
Bronopol (BNPD) 5 in China,
6 and 10 6
8 in Japan
5-chloro-2-methyl-4- 5 (14%)
isothiazolin-3-one & 2- 10 (14%) 9 (14%) in Japan 1.6 (1.5%)
methyl-4-isothiazolin 2 (1.5%) in China
2,2 Dibromo-3-nitrilo
propionamide 20 5 9.5 (20%)
(DBNPA)
Acticide MBS
3 3–4 3
(2.5% MIT & 2.5% BIT)
Silver 110 80 100
Oxazolidines 11
Triazines 1.5 (78%) in China,
3 (95%) 3 (78%),
6 (78% Japan)
The prices of biocides are governed by;
(1) Quantities purchased
(2) Regulatory approval

(3) Formulation of Biocides
(4) Technical and Laboratory Support
(5) Geographical Region

(6) Licensing
(7) Promotional Support
Traditionally regulatory and quantities purchased were the most important criteria in
determining prices.
4 BIOCIDE CONSUMPTION
4.1 GLOBAL AND REGIONAL ANALYSIS

The global market for speciality biocides in Inks & Fountain Solutions is $ 52 million. Asia
Pacific is the leading region for Biocide consumption. BIT/MIT is the leading Biocide
consumed in the global Inks & Fountain Solutions market at $ 10 Million. They are followed
by BIT, CMIT/MIT and Silver with sales of $ 8 million as shown in the following table which
segments the market by biocide active ingredient per geographical region:.
Table 9: Biocide Sales by Type within Inks and Fountain Solutions

AMERICAS ASIA PACIFIC EUROPE GLOBAL
BIOCIDE
($M) ($M) ($M) ($M)
BBIT 0.4 0.4
BIT 4.0 2.0 2.0 8.0
BIT/MIT 4.0 3.0 3.0 10.0
CMIT/MIT 2.0 3.0 3.0 8.0
Dibromo dicyanobutane 1.0 1.0
DBNPA 1.0 1.0
Formaldehyde Releasers 1.0 4.0 2.0 7.0
Silver 2.0 4.0 2.0 8.0
Other 2.6 3.0 3.0 8.6
TOTAL 17.0 20.0 15.0 52.0
Benzisothiazolinone (BIT)
Benzisothiazolinone (BIT) has sales of $8 million to the Inks & Fountain Solutions industry.
BIT is used solely as a preservative where it can be used alone or in combination. The
leading manufacturer of BIT is Lonza with 70% of the market. Generic producers include
Prom.
5-Chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolinone and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolinone (CMIT/MIT)
5-Chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolinone and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolinone (CMIT/MIT) is an

important preservative used in Inks & Fountain Solutions with sales of $ 8 million. CMIT/MIT
can be used alone or in combination where it offers the following benefits: (1) Broad spectrum
antibacterial activity (2) Low cost effect in low pH systems (3) Broad Regulatory approvals (4)
Low VOC / solvent free (5) Pale colour (6) Speed of kill.
The major disadvantages to CMIT/MIT are: (1) Chlorinated (2) Unstable at high pH (3)
Inactivated by amines (4) Poor temperature stability (5) Deactivated by reducing agents (6)
Requirement for stabilisers such as formaldehyde or metal ions (7) Skin sensitiser (8) Volatile.
The leading manufacturers of CMIT/MIT are Dow, Dalian Biochem and Thor.
Benzisothiazolinone (BIT) and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolinone (MIT)
Benzisothiazolinone (BIT) and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolinone (MIT) has sales of $ 10.0 million.

The biocide was developed and patented by Thor (tradename is Acticide MBS). BIT/MIT has
the synergistic benefits from both compounds with the added benefit of no chlorine. The
product can be used alone or in combination with FR’s.
2-Bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol (Bronopol)
2-Bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol commonly known as Bronopol is a formaldehyde condensate

but is considered separately since it is known to kill microbes by a mechanism not related to
its formaldehyde release properties. Bronopol consumption within the Inks & Fountain
Solutions industry is estimated at $ 1 million. The leading manufacturer of Bronopol is BASF
followed by many Asian and Chinese producers.
Formaldehyde releasers (FR’s)
Formaldehyde releasers (FR’s) are an important group of biocides consumed with sales of $
7 million within the Inks & Fountain Solutions industry. The type of FR’s used are o-formals,
oxalidines, n-formals and triazines. Of the formals, the o-formal type account for 70% of
consumption (include o-acetates and o-formals) while the n-formals (addition of formaldehyde
and amines or amides) accounted for 30%. The n-formals are growing and substituting for o-
formals due to fewer odours and increased stability but are more expensive.
FR’s have achieved their high penetration as preservatives due to (1) Their broad spectrum of
activity (2) Low cost (3) Rapid speed of action. FR’s have a number of disadvantages such
as: (1) Unstable at low pH’s (2) Unstable at high temperature and volatile (3) Strong odour –
inhalation hazard (4) skin and eye irritant (5) Carcinogen (6) Poor long term activity (7) High
concentration of ai required (8) Contributor to VOC’s. FR’s are manufactured by a large
number of companies.
Silver consumption in Inks is estimated at $ 8 million. Silver is a popular biocide due to its
usage by healthcare product suppliers. Silver is normally supplied as a 1% - 3% a.i.
formulation and added to give 0.1% in the final product.
Silver is supplied with carriers such as glass, zeolite, zirconium phosphate, titanium dioxide,
ceramics and silica gel. The silver ion is gradually released from the carriers and becomes an
active biocide. The silver-glass, silver-zeolite and silver-zirconium phosphates are the most
popular formulations. The cost of silver formulations ranges from $100 per kg up to $300 per
kg for some medical applications.
Silver has increased significantly over the past several years with an average annual growth
rate in excess of 10%. Silver has grown due to strong backing from the leading biocide
suppliers such as BASF, Sanitized, Thomson and also from the fact that medical
organisations such as the UK’s National Health Service (NHS) believe that silver is the most
effective agent in controlling MRSA. The Silver producers include companies such as Coeur
d’Alene Mines Corporation (COEUR), DODUCO, Fresnillo, Industrias Peňoles, Kodak, Pan
American Silver Corporation, Republic Metals Corporation, Silver Wheaton and Silvercorp
Agion, Ishizuka Glass, Kanebo, Microban, Sangi, Sanitized, Sinanen and Toagosei are the
leading manufacturers of formulated silver. Manufacturers of silver tend to be different from
manufacturers of other biocides, especially organic chemicals. They are mostly inorganic
chemical producers that produce support materials.
4.2 BIOCIDE CONSUMPTION AT END-USER LEVEL

The global market for speciality biocides in Inks & Fountain Solutions at end user level was
estimated at $ 89 million or 71% more than the value of the sales at the active level as shown
in the following table:.
Table 10: Consumption of Biocides within Inks an Fountain Solutions at Manufacture and End User levels
Sales at Distribution
Sales at end-
manufacture route to end- % Mark-Up
user level ($M)
level ($M) user in %
Active Manufacturer 52 30% 60% 25
Biocide Formulator * 10% 70% 9
Distributor * 60% 75% 55
Total 52 100% 89
* Includes Mark-up for Formulator and Distributor
Distributors have the highest percentage of sales at end-user level with 60% of formulated
biocide sales to the Inks & Fountain Solutions industry being supplied via distributors. The
distributors achieve an average 15% Mark-Up when they supply direct to Inks & Sealant
manufacturers.
The mark-up ranges from 40% to 90%. The lower mark-up reflects technical 100% biocide
active ingredient which is supplied directly to large Ink & Fountain Solution manufacturers.
5 BIOCIDE MANUFACTURERS
5.1 GLOBAL AND REGIONAL ANALYSIS

Dow and Lonza are the joint leading manufacturer of biocides used in Inks & Fountain
Solutions with sales of $ 7 million each. The sales of biocides at active ingredient
manufacture (a.i.) level for the leading manufacturers are illustrated in the following table:.
Table 11: Biocides Sales by Manufacturer in $ Million - Global and Regional

AMERICAS ASIA PACIFIC EUROPE GLOBAL
MANUFACTURER
SALES ($M) SALES ($M) SALES ($M) SALES ($M)
BASF 1.0 1.0
Dalian Biochem 2.0 2.0
Buckman 1.0 1.0
Chemicrea 3.0 3.0
Clariant 1.0 1.0
Dow 3.0 2.0 2.0 7.0
Ishizuka Glass 2.0 2.0
Lanxess 1.0 1.0 2.0 4.0
Lonza 3.0 2.0 2.0 7.0
Ruihao Chemical 1.0 1.0
Thor 2.0 2.0 2.0 6.0
Toagosei 2.0 2.0
Troy 2.0 2.0 4.0
Other 5.0 2.0 4.0 11.0
TOTAL 17.0 20 15.0 52.0
BASF is a major international chemical company with headquarters at Ludwigshafen, Germany.

BASF produces Bronopol and Glutaraldehyde for the Inks & Fountain Solutions industry with
estimated sales of $1 million. BASF sell biocides directly to end users of which BASF Inks is a
major customer.
Chemicrea is based in Japan and a leading supplier of biocides to the Asian Inks & Fountain
Solutions industry with sales of $3 million. Chemicrea has production facilities in Japan and
China. Chemicrea’s main biocides to the Inks & Fountain Solutions industry are BNPD and
CMIT/MIT.
Dalian BioChem is headquartered in China and a leading manufacturer of CMIT/MIT,

DCOIT, IPBC, OIT and Zinc Pyrithione. Dalian has estimated sales of $ 2 million with
CMIT/MIT for the Inks & Fountains Solutions industry.
Dow has sales of $ 7 million to the Inks & Fountain Solutions industry and is represented with
BIT, CMIT/MIT, DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) and Glutaraldehyde.
Lanxess has sales of $ 4 million to the global Inks & Fountain Solutions industry. Lanxess’s
product line centres on its Preventol trade name which covers many actives for preservation
as shown in the following table:.
Table 12: Preservatives supplied by Lanxess for Inks and Fountain Soultions
Preservatives
Preventol D2 (Benzyl alcohol mono(poly)hemiformal)
Preventol D4 (N-(2Hydroxypropyl aminomethanol))
Preventol D6 (Ethanediol + formaldehyde + CMIT/MIT)
Preventol D7 (CMIT + MIT)
Preventol O (OPP)
Tektamer 38 Dibromodicyanobutane
Lonza has sales of $ 7 million to the Inks & Fountain Solutions. Lonza manufactures BIT,
IPBC, n-butyl BIT and Zinc Pyrithione of which BIT is used in Inks & Fountain Solutions.
Lonza supplies directly and also via distributors.
Ruihao Chemical is a privately held manufacturer of biocides with headquarters in China.

The company has estimated active biocide sales of $ 1 million to the Inks & Fountain
Solutions industry. The biocides produced are CMIT/MIT and Triazines.
Thor has sales of biocides to the Inks & Fountain Solutions industry of $ 6 million. Thor
manufactures BIT, CMIT/MIT, BIT/MIT and o-formals, which are widely used as
Preservatives. Thor supplies biocides under the Acticide tradename and the company has
sales & technical support in Asia, America and Europe.
Troy has biocide sales of $4 million. Troy is a leading manufacturer of formaldehyde

releasers. Troy supplies direct to end-users with a range of formulations based on BIT,
CMIT/MIT and formaldehyde releasers.
6 DISTRIBUTION
Distributors play an important role in the distribution of biocides to the Inks and Fountain
Solutions industry with an estimated 60% of the biocides going via this route as can be seen
in Figure 1.
Figure 1: Distribution of Biocides
Distributors have 60% of biocides sales to the Inks manufacturer. They dominate the
distribution of biocides in the remote geographical regions and in Asia Pacific. Distributors are
important as they offer a comprehensive range of additives as well as providing a broad range
of biocides.
Active Ingredient Manufacturers include companies with production capabilities for a variety of
biocide types. The leading manufacturers are BASF, Dow, Lanxess, Thor and Troy.
7 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS
The value chain in Figure 2 illustrates the value added for biocides used within the Inks &
Fountain Solutions industry.
VALUE ADDED FOR PRESERVATIVES ALONG THE SUPPLY CHAIN
Active Manufacturer
Mark-Up 40 %
Own Formulations Formulator

Mark-Up 20 % Mark-Up 30 %
Distributor Company
Mark-Up 10 %
End-User e.g. Ink Supplier
Figure 2: Value Added Analysis for Biocides used in Inks and Fountain Solutions
Biocide manufacturers expect to receive value added mark-ups of 40% when they supply
technical material with regulatory approval. The technical material can be sold direct to Ink &
Fountain Solution manufacturers or to formulators.
Biocide manufacturers expect to receive an extra 20% mark-up when they supply ready to
use biocides to Ink & Fountain Solution manufacturers.
Biocide Formulators expect to receive average mark-ups of 30% when they supply ready to
use biocides to Ink & Fountain Solution manufacturers. We define formulators as companies
whose majority of sales comes from purchasing antimicrobials, which they formulate into their
own products. They tend to compete by providing superior customer service and formulating
blends of actives, which provide a broader spectrum of control.
Biocide Distributors receive a mark-up of 10% when they supply biocides to Ink & Fountain
Solution manufacturers.
8 REGULATORY ANALYSIS
Regulations have a major impact on the biocides used in the Inks & Fountain Solutions
industry. In most developed countries, all the chemical components of the Ink & Fountain
Solution must be listed on the relevant national “inventory” of chemical substances before it
can be supplied. In addition, the usage of biocides in hygienic applications is subject to
additional legislation.
In Europe, the regulations governing the use of Biocides are via the Biocides Products
Regulation (BPR). A biocidal product cannot be supplied on the EU market after 1st
September 2015 unless the Biocide is included in the Article 95 list of the approved Biocides.
See the list on http://echa.europa.eu/information-on-chemicals/active-substance-suppliers
The use of biocides will be regulated via Product Type 6 which includes In-can preservation
and covers all products for preservation of manufactured products other than foodstuffs or
feeding stuffs, in containers, via control of microbial deterioration – to ensure shelf life. The
European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) will be responsible for coordinating the approval
processes for Biocides and the authorisation of products at EU level.
In the USA, biocides are listed on the national inventory of chemical substances which is
called TSCA. Alongside the listing on TSCA, there are regulations governing the use of
biocides on both the federal (EPA) and state level. Industry bodies also try to influence the
adoption of regulations.
For the rest of world, countries have their own regulations governing the use of biocides or
rely on the biocides to have EPA approval.
9 TRENDS
The ideal biocide for the ink industry must contain:
• Antibacterial and antifungal protection for at least one year for ink concentrates and
one week for diluted products.
• Biocides must be compatible with ink formulations and this was cited as a main
criterion for selection.
• Non yellowing at use level
• Indirect food contact approvals (for packaging only)

• Non skin-sensitising / metals free
• Low solvent content
2. The biocide market for ink and fountain solutions is growing because water based printing
inks are being used in place of solvent based printing ink.
3. Environmental pressure to reduce solvent emissions and a move to higher press speeds
are forcing a shift towards higher quality and water-based inks. In the future the dominant
processes are expected to be water-based flexography and solvent packaging gravure.
4. The main biocides used are antibacterials such as CMIT/MIT, BIT, o-formals, chlorinated
phenols, chloracetamide and formaldehyde releasers. The latter products are coming under
increasing environmental and toxicological pressure and ink manufacturers are seeking more
acceptable alternatives.
5. In the global inks industry over the next ten years, market volumes will be restricted to
modest growth but value growth will be greater due to withdrawal of some biocides from the
market as a result of the Biocides Product Regulation and other regulations throughout the
globe.
10 FUTURE
The consumption of biocides within the ink industry is valued at $ 52 million and is forecasted
to grow 1 % per year as illustrated in the following table:.
Table 13: Projected Sales of Biocides in Inks from 2017 to 2020

YEAR SALES ($M)
2018 52
2019 53
2020 54
2021 55
The major developments expected to drive the biocides market include;
(1) An increase in the use of Inks to deliver biocides to provide Biologically Active Surfaces.
This is the sole reason for the high consumption of silver within the Inks industry.
(2) The continuing shift toward water based Inks and Fountain Solutions will help boost
biocides demand because water based Ink & Fountain Solutions are usually more susceptible
to microbial attack.
(3) The increase in regulatory legislation will lead to biocides such as formaldehyde releasers
being replaced with more effective and expensive alternatives.

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REPORT

BIOCIDES IN INKS AND

Prepared by: Biocide Information Limited

Market Size 2017: Active Ingredient

BIOCIDE SALES BY REGION:

BIOCIDE SALES BY LEADING ACTIVE INGREDIENT:

BIOCIDE SALES BY LEADING ACTIVE INGREDIENT SUPPLIER:

Outlook for the future:

Biocides to increase / decrease:

1 INTRODUCTION & METHODOLGY .................................................................................4

1.3 ACCURACY OF THE INFORMATION ...............................................................................................................4

2 END USER ANALYSIS .....................................................................................................6

2.2 MARKET SIZE .........................................................................................................................................................7

3 BIOCIDE COMPARISON ..................................................................................................8

4 BIOCIDE CONSUMPTION ..............................................................................................10

4.2 BIOCIDE CONSUMPTION AT END-USER LEVEL ........................................................................................13

5 BIOCIDE MANUFACTURERS ........................................................................................14

5.1 GLOBAL AND REGIONAL ANALYSIS.............................................................................................................14

7 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS .............................................................................................17

8 REGULATORY ANALYSIS ............................................................................................18

1 INTRODUCTION & METHODOLGY

The key objectives of this study were:

3. To define the distribution channels in the industry.

1.3 ACCURACY OF THE INFORMATION

Table 4: Currency Conversion Rates

2 END USER ANALYSIS

2.1 TARGET MARKET

Table 5: Problem Microorganisms in Inks and Fountain Solutions

The following table shows how we validate biocide sales.

Table 6: How we calculate Biocide Sales

2.2 MARKET SIZE

Table 7: Consumption of Biocides used for Ink Preservation

Table 8: Comparison of Prices in $/kg (99% AI unless otherwise stated)

The prices of biocides are governed by;

(1) Quantities purchased

(2) Regulatory approval

(4) Technical and Laboratory Support

(5) Geographical Region

(7) Promotional Support

4.1 GLOBAL AND REGIONAL ANALYSIS

Table 9: Biocide Sales by Type within Inks and Fountain Solutions

5-Chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolinone and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolinone (CMIT/MIT)

5-Chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolinone and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolinone (CMIT/MIT) is an

Benzisothiazolinone (BIT) and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolinone (MIT)

Benzisothiazolinone (BIT) and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolinone (MIT) has sales of $ 10.0 million.

2-Bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol commonly known as Bronopol is a formaldehyde condensate

Formaldehyde releasers (FR’s)

4.2 BIOCIDE CONSUMPTION AT END-USER LEVEL

* Includes Mark-up for Formulator and Distributor

5.1 GLOBAL AND REGIONAL ANALYSIS

Table 11: Biocides Sales by Manufacturer in $ Million - Global and Regional

BASF is a major international chemical company with headquarters at Ludwigshafen, Germany.

Dalian BioChem is headquartered in China and a leading manufacturer of CMIT/MIT,

Ruihao Chemical is a privately held manufacturer of biocides with headquarters in China.

Troy has biocide sales of $4 million. Troy is a leading manufacturer of formaldehyde

Figure 1: Distribution of Biocides

7 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS

Own Formulations Formulator

End-User e.g. Ink Supplier

• Non yellowing at use level

• Indirect food contact approvals (for packaging only)

• Low solvent content