MT II-Unit V-Lecture 1 - Smart Board

Manufacturing Technology - II
Unit-V, Lecture - 1
Jigs and Fixtures-

Design, Uses and Classification
Professor S. Kamaluddin
Department of Mechanical Engineering

Topic: Jigs and Fixtures Course : Manufacturing Technology-II
Necessity
To produce a large quantities with a high
degree of accuracy
To reduce machining times by
eliminating time of handling and setting up
of the parts
To ensure the uniformity of finished
products
To employ unskilled or semi skilled
machine operators
To reduce production cost per
component
Department of Mechanical Engineering Professor S. Kamaluddin Slide-2
Definition
Fixture: It is a device which
locates, holds and supports the
work-piece securely in a fixed
location so the required
machining operation can be
performed
(It does not guide the cutting
tool)
 Jig: It is a device which is
used to hold the work-piece
and guide the cutting tool
Uses / Advantages of Jig And Fixture

Reduction of overall machining
cost
Increases inter-changeability
Increase productivity
Maintenance of consistent
product quality
To eliminate marking, punching,
positioning, alignments etc


Accurate locating and clamping the
blank in alignment of the cutting tool
To reduce cost and measurements
Complex and heavy components can

be machined quite easily
 With Jigs and fixtures, there is
increased level of accuracy and
consistency


They enhance rapid
production of work due to quick
positioning of tool and work-
piece
Entering work-piece and

pulling is very easy
The direction of motion for

making drill is organized and
deterministic
T
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e
l
a
t
e
s
t
Differences between Jigs and Fixtures
BASIS OF
JIG FIXTURE
COMPARISON
Holds, supports and Holds, supports and locates
locates the work-piece the work-piece for a specific
Description
and guides the cutting operation but does not guide
tool the cutting tool
Create a secure mounting

Provide repeatability, for a work-piece and
accuracy and inter- increased accuracy,
Primary Purpose
changeability in precision, reliability and inter-
manufacturing changeability in
manufacturing

BASIS OF
JIG FIXTURE
COMPARISON
Jigs mostly uses Fixtures are made from grey
How It Is Made standard parts like cast iron or steel parts by
bushes, screws etc. welding or bolting
Jig guides the work-
Fixture holds the work-piece
Function piece in machining
securely
process

BASIS OF
JIG FIXTURE
COMPARISON
Used in multidimensional
Used in uni-
machining i.e milling, planning,
dimensional
slotting, turning, grinding and
Application machining i.e drilling,
shaping tools etc.
reaming, counter
It is also used for assembling
boring, tapping etc.
and inspection jobs
Usually not fixed to

the table and often The fixtures are fixed on the
Table Fixing come in a portable tables for providing the proper
and compact support to the work-piece
variant

BASIS OF
JIG FIXTURE
COMPARISON
Jigs are lighter in
Fixtures are heavier in
construction for quicker
construction and often
Weight handling and clamping,
bolted rigidly on the
with the table is often
machine table
unnecessary
Additional accessories like

No additional device is
block gauges etc are
Additional required for locating the
required to accurately
Accessories cutter with respect to
move the cutter in the
the work-piece
desired location

BASIS OF
JIG FIXTURE
COMPARISON
Can be held in position
simple by hands or Fixtures are always rigidly
Handling
clamped to machine fixed on machine table
table for heavier work
The construction and

The design and
Design & design of the jig is
construction of fixture is
Construction complex to understand
simple to understand


BASIS OF
JIG FIXTURE
COMPARISON
Jig comes in contact with
the cutting tool for it to Fixture never comes
Contact With
function. It accurately sets in contact with the
Cutting Tool
the angle and position for cutting tool
the tool to function

FUNDAMENTAL DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF JIGS AND FIXTURES
1.Ease of Positioning: The work-piece to

be machined must be easily inserted and
withdrawn quickly to save time
2.Accuracy of Positioning: Should be
accurate with respect to tool guiding in
the jig or setting elements in fixture
3.Fool Proofing: The design of jigs and
fixtures should be such that it would not
permit the work-piece or the tool to
inserted in any position other than the
correct one
4.Reduction of Idle Time: Idle

time should be minimized to
increase productivity
5.Light in weight: should be easy
to handle, smaller in size and
low cost in regard to amount of
material used without sacrificing
rigidity and stiffness

6.Jigs Provided With Feet: Jigs

sometimes are provided with feet so
that it can be placed on the table of
the machine
7.Rigidity: Jigs and fixtures should be

sufficiently stiff to secure the preset
accuracy of machining

8.Materials: Strong, tough and hard

– Cast Iron and Steel
9. Clearance: Clearance is provided

in the jig or fixture body

TYPES OF JIGS
Template Jig:
The template jig is the simplest
of all the models
The plate, having two holes,
acts as a template which is fixed
on the component
The drill is guided through
these holes of the template and
the required holes are drilled on
the work-piece at the same
relative positions
TYPES OF JIGS
Plate Jig:
A plate jig is an
improvement of the template
jig by incorporating drill
bushes on the template
The plate jig is employed to
drill holes on large parts
maintaining accurate spacing
with each other

TYPES OF JIGS
Channel Jig:
 Channel jig is a simple type of
jig having a channel-like cross
section
 The component is fitted within
the channel and is located and
clamped by rotating the
knurled knob
 The tool is guided through the
drill bush
TYPES OF JIGS
Diameter Jig:
 Diameter jig is used to
drill radial holes on a
cylindrical or spherical
work-piece

TYPES OF JIGS
Leaf Jig:
 Leaf jig has a leaf
which may be
swung open or
closed on the
work for loading
or loading
purposes

TYPES OF JIGS
Ring Jig:
 Ring jig is employed to drill
holes on circular flanged
parts
 The work is securely

clamped on the drill body,
and the holes are drilled by
guiding the tool through
drill bushes

TYPES OF JIGS
Box Jig:
 Box jig is of box-like
construction within which
the work is rigidly held so
that it can be drilled or
machined from different
angles at a single setting
depending on which face
of the jig is turned toward
the tool

TYPES OF FIXTURES
Turning Fixtures:
 These fixtures are generally
mounted on the nose of the
machine spindle or a faceplate,
and the workpieces held them
 Whenever necessary, the fixture
may have to be provided with a
counterweight or balance the
unbalance fixture

TYPES OF FIXTURES
Milling Fixtures:
 Milling fixtures are typically
mounted on the nose of the
machine spindle or a faceplate
 The table is shifted and set in
proper position, in relation to the
cutter
 The work-pieces are located in
the base of the fixture and
clamped before starting the
operation
TYPES OF FIXTURES
Broaching Fixtures:
 Broaching fixtures are used
on different types of
broaching machines to
locate, hold and support
the workpieces during the
operations, such as keyway
broaching, hole broaching,
etc.

TYPES OF FIXTURES
Indexing Fixtures:
• When machined surface surfaces
or forms are evenly spaced, such
elements are required to be
indexed equally
• The holding devices used are
made to carry a suitable indexing
mechanism
• A fixture carrying such a device
is known as an indexing fixture

TYPES OF FIXTURES
Boring Fixtures:
 Their construction need not
be as sturdy as that of the
milling fixtures, because
they never have to bear as
heavy cutting loads as
involved in milling fixtures,
because they never have to
endure as heavy cutting
loads

TYPES OF FIXTURES
Grinding Fixtures:
 These fixtures may be the standard
work-holding devices, such as
chucks, mandrels, chuck with
shaped jaws, magnetic chucks, etc.
Tapping Fixtures:
 It is specially designed to position
and firmly secure identical work-
pieces for cutting internal threads in
drilled holes

TYPES OF FIXTURES
Duplex Fixtures:
 It is the fixture which
holds two similar
components and
facilitates simultaneously
machining of these
components at two
separate stations

TYPES OF FIXTURES
Welding Fixtures:
Are carefully designed to hold and
support the parts in proper locations
and prevent distortions
Clamping has to be light but firm,
placement of clamping elements has
to be clear of the welding area
The fixture has to be quite stable
and rigid to withstand the welding
stresses.

TYPES OF FIXTURES
Assembly Fixtures:
The function of these
fixtures is to hold
different components
together in their proper
relative position at the
time of assembling

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Manufacturing Technology - II
Unit-V, Lecture - 1
Jigs and Fixtures-

Design, Uses and Classification
Professor S. Kamaluddin
Department of Mechanical Engineering Slide-35

MT II-Unit V-Lecture 1 - Smart Board

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Manufacturing Technology - II

Jigs and Fixtures-

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Uses / Advantages of Jig And Fixture

Department of Mechanical Engineering Professor S. Kamaluddin Slide-4

Uses / Advantages of Jig And Fixture

Complex and heavy components can

Department of Mechanical Engineering Professor S. Kamaluddin Slide-5

Uses / Advantages of Jig And Fixture

Entering work-piece and

The direction of motion for

Uses / Advantages of Jig And Fixture

Differences between Jigs and Fixtures

Create a secure mounting

Department of Mechanical Engineering Professor S. Kamaluddin Slide-8

Differences between Jigs and Fixtures

Department of Mechanical Engineering Professor S. Kamaluddin Slide-9

Differences between Jigs and Fixtures

Usually not ﬁxed to

Department of Mechanical Engineering Professor S. Kamaluddin Slide-10

Differences between Jigs and Fixtures

Additional accessories like

Department of Mechanical Engineering Professor S. Kamaluddin Slide-11

Differences between Jigs and Fixtures

The construction and

Department of Mechanical Engineering Professor S. Kamaluddin Slide-12

Differences between Jigs and Fixtures

Department of Mechanical Engineering Professor S. Kamaluddin Slide-13

FUNDAMENTAL DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF JIGS AND FIXTURES

1.Ease of Positioning: The work-piece to

FUNDAMENTAL DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF JIGS AND FIXTURES

4.Reduction of Idle Time: Idle

Department of Mechanical Engineering Professor S. Kamaluddin Slide-15

FUNDAMENTAL DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF JIGS AND FIXTURES

6.Jigs Provided With Feet: Jigs

7.Rigidity: Jigs and ﬁxtures should be

Department of Mechanical Engineering Professor S. Kamaluddin Slide-16

FUNDAMENTAL DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF JIGS AND FIXTURES

8.Materials: Strong, tough and hard

9. Clearance: Clearance is provided

Department of Mechanical Engineering Professor S. Kamaluddin Slide-17

Department of Mechanical Engineering Professor S. Kamaluddin Slide-19

Department of Mechanical Engineering Professor S. Kamaluddin Slide-21

Department of Mechanical Engineering Professor S. Kamaluddin Slide-22

 The work is securely

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Department of Mechanical Engineering Professor S. Kamaluddin Slide-24

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Department of Mechanical Engineering Professor S. Kamaluddin Slide-28

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All the images, videos embedded in this

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