o

OUTLINES OF A MERCHANT VESSEL

ffi f,S D ffiEN

1 Rudder ft't 26 Topping lift d9@

rTl flql I
Elt
rrJ JFt

2 Propeller re#**
>f-vY//
LI Cargo fall
28 Mast house
ffi '&. fiq
-"^ F mffJ
3 Bossing
GAtr€ffi'zHS) 29 Mast light f€ffi
Bilge keel Ctv9*-tv 30 Mast ladder =^ 1.ffi+
(ge$€€) 31 Hatch, Hatchway or
,An z..r *
Load line disc or ffiffi4zJcf'RH cargo hatchway
freeboard marks Freeing port or wash #F zj( El

o Midship draft marks S*fil4zJ<ffi port

I Statutory deck line ffiffiry&f"R JJ Bridge house fAffiF&€
8 Scupper shoot HF ZI H tl Side light (Green side $fffi (ffiffi)
o Forward draft marks fAts'4zJ<lH light)
1n Anchor 7vfi- (ffi) JD Radar mast v-r'-?7b
11 Hawse PiPe ,t<- /r:4 J JO Scanner V*+f
t2 House flag ttffi (€Az / 7 r>
13 Fair-leader or fair lead 7 z7 , - f' 37 Standard compass EF= /.iA
(€*E*) 38 Loop antenna )v-7"7 / 7f
14 Mooring hole ffifiA41 39 Navigation bridge ffii6raffi
15 Forecastle fA ts' # 40 Accommodation ladder fifffi
16 Windlass 94vl:tr(ffiffiW) 41 Bulwark z"rvv -,
42 Gangway Sf,
17 Compressor or controller fFU ffi E* t9 FH

18 Bollard *t -'1.- (tX,ffi&) 43 Docking bridge fAtrfAffi

44 Ensign Et {*
19 Hand rail + t 9 !r:{ /.t*

zO Ventilator (Cowlhead ffiElH' (3t4ry) 45 Ventilator ffiEIH

tvpe) 46 Skylight xffi
2l Derrick post (King post, i 1) 'v ? # 7 b 47 Funnel
Samson post) (HEMtffi) 48 Life boat #f,drc
49 Boat davit (GravitY l' 5'€ v
22 HeavY derrick boom &AMf t) v r'/-t 'li-
(€rrry)
F

23 Derrickboom it)v2J-t^ tvpe)

rH+e€
24 Winch platform V4vr7", v lz 4 50 Range light
7 z!4/V-?-?
-L
51 Funnel mark
25 Winch or cargo winch V 4 / , 52 Jack fiAE'ffi
 GLOSSARY OF VESSELS 3
=
Mi o> f,ffi 6g (3)

A ARRANGEMENT OF DECKS IN A
PASSENCER VESSEL

B TRIM
C IOAD LINE MARK (Starboard side)
EVEN KEEL
LUT1BER LOAD LrNE LOAD LrNE
,r.
w _ \ ,/l_- ,Lqoo_ 1

rEL,, n:lif,r_-
BY THE STERN

BY THE HEAD

6 Upper deck F F*F

7 Middle deck +Fffi.
D DRAFT M ARKS 8 Lower deck rTnx
6H_ tw 9 Orlop deck FTFTE
I

lvrv
IU rlold fA €.
8..
.o-_
f* B : Trim
Even keel
l-ra
Sq{zK
5M500 -r-
_t
iro
| 'lt' By the stern t 6,H
J.' 6 (
-A, By the head
[m''-----"- ,flfir
2. C : Load water line
(M h- ffi€t4zJ<i;,R
l-l
-v F TF:Tropical fresh *ffiiAzJ<iffi#4zj<ffi
water load line
,:t - l. lt,;\ ryi'n.lrt
F : Fresh water load line iAzj<ffiff42j<f;f,
T : Tropical load line *ffiffi&42"(f"f,
S : Summer load line E*ffi&4zlcf&
A : Arrangement of decks ffAOFifimffi W : Winter load line
in a passenger vessel {4S$*tRzRf,R
WNA : Winter North ++Jt^E#ffifi42j<
Compass bridge deck a y
'< lffiffiryffi. Atlantic load line
I
m
2 Wheel house deck fraasF& LT:Lumber tropical
e Boat deck
'l.._ F TryX. load line ^ffiftffi,fffi42j<ffi
4 Promenade deck fi.y ltrryx C : Subdivision load line XEffifi4zj<ffi
5 Shelter. deck l- rrF.Tdn D : Draft marks qzj(H
54

BLOCKS _ 1

lEr € (1)

\i

(---'t.

\l 13

tl/l
/l
l____t__

,/^\ x
(@)) +
\Y-,,-..m
I Sister hook 2Vr'7v? 10 Thimble 2Y/tv
2 Hook 7 y y', llr5 11 Becket -<V v b
3 Strap 7.17 vJ LZ Bush Jv3
4 Shell Yz)V 13 Length of wooden block *H./e:t 20)t*
5 Pin cv 74 Roller sheave F
-t v-/
6 Swallow 7VF- 15 Metalic sheave #ffiH.v-/, J r/v
7 Sheave v-/, fffrH v-/
8 Breech t v -v 16 SeIf lubricating sheave Hfisfihttuv-/
9 Score 7=7
 BLOCKS _ 2
(9\
)E+
{F' E

w
W
m^
W"
4
ffi" M,
nu

q ffi A
ru ffi, m ffi
m
q 9_

ffi @ l-b
m W-
I
.i.
;.
1:
@ @
W L @N w"
A Secret block Y-rvvlz'Pv, I-a Lead block, Heel ,-l:7'pvr',HtE
B Fiddle block, Long 74Ftv7'1".t2, block s, E-tv/ d .'t ,
tackle block v//7-/tvJev I-b Head block ny f 7"s v 2
2 J Single block with fixed ffift.2 y zf.t$iF€
c Clump block ,tv/7"Fr, hook
D Swivel sister block 74'<)vYA4/cv K Double block with A4 -:/v7 4 ff:$ftiB
- swivel eye
E Tail block 74 tvlP 'y t L Single block with bow ,:V, .f I y l- tt$iF
F Wood snatch biock *W.rfv?z'dv2 & becket
G Iron snatch block *WAfv*z'av2 M Treble block with loose tv-474 .<)v7 ,, 2
H Iron bound block 747v,:9/FJs swivel hook ff -*ftiFe
t, N Shroud coilar Vz?VF)1 t-
Cargo block )t-iz" e v / O Dead eye 7 v 1"74
 ANCHOR CHAINS
+tl AH
JEEI l,lF.

TO ANCHOR
TO WINDLASS

!VINDLASS

CHAIN
WINDLASS LOCI(ER

9
\

A /R&,=-'i#
H \qs6)-S
c
v"JK"LJIt
.Ld

-,--R\
/i I 'i ----
\\-/,14'
----i-' 7
--+---,--.,
fi
_l:
8p
Stud link chain cable A4v f-ttt--Y d Diameter of common =tyU/rA&
Common link a+/rY, link
Enlarged link IE/...Y Y z L One assembled length ffifr-Botr5
End link -/Ft)/2 B Studless link chain 75 Y Fffiv t->r
Joining shackle Efi#HY<vr)v cable
Shackle mark V<'vy'/v-"-, C Joining shackle EffiHt,<y2ttz
(3 shackle) (3fiF) D Kenter shackle ,7Yr-Y+'yr/v
Taper pin 7-.:X/ E Anchor shackle 7/h-'7rtr',v
(stainless steel) F Special anchor shackle tiWrvfi-'2+v2
n Anchor ring 7vh-r// ,tV

8 Shackle pin Y+tr/vX/ G Swivel v4'<tv

o Stud . V,rf H Mooring swivel Fttlz4 ntv
10 Lead pellet tar* I Senhouse slip t/t.97Vt) vt'
 t4

10

rpauline , -rF].J / 9 Battening iron, Hatch z-yfzi y//

tch cover t,,y 7 >\ ,{- batten
tch beam 2ryy'€-J^ 10 Deck Fffi,, Vv*
am socket, Beam €-A'/ t v I 11 Doubling
rming shoe 12 Pillar
tch coaming 2'yV3-:,y/ 13 Triming hatch l', i 7 /,''yt
aming stiffener, =-i 7/777/ 14 Mast table -< v l7-/ tv
aming stay 15 Three feet line 37.t-t{,&.
aming cleat, Batten 16 Coaming roller
,at, Hatch batten clip
=-i//?t)-l =-i 7 /e-1
L7 Hatch securing bar 2.', * 4* z7 ) '.

tch wedge, Batte- ,.v*(5II

 [20

HATCH COVERS_2: STEEL

z..y V )t ,i- (2) : fiEry1

A Single-pull type v//tv7tv94/ Side rolling type +f4 f p-t)yr'r4/

i Side roller +f4 f a-t 1 Rope roller v-t'p-7
2 Eccentric wheel r-, z./ | \ 'y r' rl4 -tv 2 Jack 2<v4
3 Balancing roller ,!1/vv /F-7 3 Wheel d=4 -tv
4 Snug 7)- v / Lift- lock type t)71F.yr'44/
5 Cleat ,t-l 1 Lift-lock arm t)7lFyr'7-a
6 Ramp ,Y/ E Side door +r4 F F7
B Folding type ;!<-tv/a//44/ F Stern door 7r-/ F7
1 Hinge evt G Eccentric roller t-, -E/ b t) 'y 2 v-7
2 Wheel *4 -tv
 Itoo

WOODEN VESSEL
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ca ca cA co cO cO co cO aD v s s
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s.\2\HHv'v l" l..ttst:s
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th\'.:r { +<H{ih N g NRggK
bo -i rl

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-q4fr
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=i;HEU:ETts;E*bilEb
E6EiE6fiAEgdEdfifi!;
:==RSNRNS KNRRS

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i NcQ .+ ro (o tr- oo o) I I3 : 5 I
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 x.56

STEEL SHIP STRUCTURE : MIDSHIP SECTION

$mff*f#€ : +*BIffiE
K: Keel plate +)v
A, B, C : Bottom plating &$al&rf&
D: Bilge strake t tv) *W.
E-L :, Side plating fian|J4&
H: Strake below IF *[ rt #E
sheer strake or
top side plate
S : Upper deck sheer rry&fi{{iljtre
strake
L: Bridge deck ffAffi#F,frtr&IJFI,E
sheer strake

Bridge deck deck fiAffi#ffiF&

plate
Bridge deck stringer fAffi#FffifrA,Iilffiffi
plate
Bridge deck stringer fiAffi+f FffiflAMIJ7 V
angle /tv
i Bridge deck beam fAffiFfEc-a
Bridge deck beam $AffiF&c-a =-
knee
Tween deck frame F&Ffi/'v *z v-
JA

Tumble home at bridge

deck tv rtr- J^ 23 Margin plate of double '61&;<-t/7'v-
8 Upper deck plate l'FtE$ffifE bottom l'
9 Upper deck stringer t'F{Efa',fRliffitt ot Cornecting ang'e of '<-9v7"v- lfl.tt
plate floor to margine Plate 7 / 7'tv
10 Upper deck beam _L'Ff,Ec-a 25 Margin angle -<-t/7///v
11 Upper deck beam knee tFtEc-.t^ =- 26 Inner bottom plate of -6l6Al&f,E*/:iit
\2 Round-uP (or camber) -|'FtEc- L* + /.i dor.rble bottom or tank v 2 b, J7" v- F
of upper deck beam top plate
13 Hatch end beam of tFtE€E]r#c-A 27 lvliddle line strake, -61&+,L'f'fln16&
upper deck Center line strake
13/ Hatch end beam con' €nffiu- t^wttzv of tank top
necting angle /tv 28 Reverse frame \
13" Hatch end beam web €'trffi c- Affi;*& 29 Main frame I
"^,,, o^^-
plate 30 Floor plate I

14 Wide spaced Pillar tw--;gc 2

- 31 Stiffener, Strut '
15 Bulwark rail z'tvv-rv-/v Al7 v-l^
)
Jtvv - 2 9,&. E7 V- r
16 Bulwark staY
17 Upper deck string -b'F&fla{q|]7 / /,'v! xw-' )) z lxwz "
angle, Gunnel bar, t:ltit'Y l' tv'<-
Gunwale bar 2' Man hole ^?7f*/:itiff'
,<y *-)v
18 HoId frame H\z v- t^ Intercostal side girder Wtnffi*f 4 f )t-Z:
19 Sparring fiA,F|Jrutr& QA Bottom angle of side l-4 f t-z OIE*F
20 Limber board ! 7,i-#- l- girder 7Y /tv
21 Frame bracket, 7v-Az'7f v F, 35 Center girder 'u/ r-)f-4'
Tank side bracket t/2+4 f JTty 36 Top angle of center 'u/ t-)J'-a AIEfr
girder 7/ /tv
22 Gusset angle )i+', l7't/tv next Page ()fF(;ffi()
-To
 ro/

MIDSHIP SECTION - 1: TANKER

+*ffiE'E (1) : if;EffJ

1 stiffener $, 5-/ 7i-7 f 13 Deck girder ,'

ffic-a-
Vertical web ryffiT )r
2 Bottom plating fA lE tl & 14 Deck transverse
3 Bottom longitudinal fA lE ffi f{ 15 Side transverse fa &|J fH ft
4 Bottom web longitudial fAlEt -Jffifr 16 Bottom transverse sa t& tf; +t
5 Longitudinal bulkhead fft Fffi Ef 17 Strut v.M
6 Horizontal stiffener 7K+7V7, 18 Transverse bulkhead ffi[8tr
7 Horizontal web stiffener 7K+r5-/7V71 19 Transverse bulkhead tfrFffiffi^? 7 f
8 .Bilge keel €tv2*-tv stiffener
9 Side plating $A {F!J {,8 20 Bulkhead horizontal girder Fffi&zJ<St-a'
10 Gunwale angle )fv4tv7/
'N /tv 21 Vertical stiffener vA72,
11 Deck plate SEFffi, 22 Horizontal stiffener 711$A*7 f
t2 Deck longitudinal ry ffi.{d fr oa Face bar ffiM
156t'.j[8nffi8
37 Vertical angle of 4Y t-)1'-tsAryr 47 Stiffener 7V7 f
center girder ! /tv 48 Stiffener 7r7 f
38 Bottom angle of center 'uv , -n*- s 0)E# 49 Machinery casing ffiH€ffiE
girder 7/ y'tv 50 Stiffener 7+ 7 f
Aircourse E ft E 51 End coamine, HEIf#=- 1/ /, -
40 Additional side girder ffiH€fHAEt-4 F)f - vFa-://
in engine room F
4l Reverse frame \ 52 Side coaminc B E],{EIJ=- : / /, +f

42 Main frame 4 F=-iv/

lsk"l"ton floo. 53 Stiffener coaming :-i 7 /7V7f
43 Connecting bracket t"^"'"'"" "*^
44 Strut 54 Stay for stiffener 7V7 rY&.
Alzv-^ 55 Deck connecting angle F&FpfjZ / ltv
\ 56 Breadth moulded t}E= (fl+E)
E-7v-A [_-, .7F7 57 Depth moulded
&mrrrrt. 14* @i43)
T.M f^rvr/ 58 Loaddraught ffiffi42J<
45 Bildge keel, Rolling €/vi+-/t'gtitlr 59 Freeboard #,M, 7 t) -;i- t:
chock -t)//7av7 60 Tween deck height ry&FffH5
46 Bulkhead ,\tv 2': v 1", FffiE 61 Rise of floor fi'A tr'{tF fi+
 n58

MIDSHIP SECTION -2 : SEMI_CARGO BOAT

#*B[m'tr (zl : HHili'

eq 28 DA

22

.'l
'J.U

zo ,7
30

t'llr=r
32
(20 _t
21r 18

"' 29

16
IC

38-
I I
I
I

I
I
I
I
I
I
I

A
1t
o
v7
0

OiUiU nin oioio I I J

ll
t{ \IT
11' 11 l't--/ 1

1 Center girder +,[.f'ftffi (wt:) 22 Bulwark Z'tvY - 2

2 Flat (Plate) keel *tF.+-tv 23 Bulwark stay z'tvV - V 77-
3 Bottom plating fia tE tf fE 24 Hand rail +-rv)
4 Inner bottom plating or nltrtE, tt:trt'r'/r' 25 Deck stringer angle 7v*z\r/)f7/
tank top plating rFte 2" tv
q Floor plate l t)x 26 Shelter deck beam WF)fr_€- t^
6 Side girder )r - F
4A!l 27 Frame of superstructure v-t^
ffiffi2
7 Top longitudinal of -Et6ig+fruff 28 Beam bracket C-a)i V y F
double bottom 29 Upper deck frame LYffiz v-t^
8 Bottom longitudinal f,a t6 ffi ft 30 Vertical stiffener gt^v7,
o Margin plate ffiffi. 31 Gutter, water way )f v v-, 7KW
10 Bilge strake €tv)flffi 32 Deck plank AFffi.
'I 1
Bilge keel € tv2*-tv 33 Shelter deck plate ffi.flBFW.
'1, Tank side bracket - EtEti{ru/7vyr 34 Hatch side coaming /..yV/f\tJ=-i!/
Frame 7V-A 35 Coaming stiffener :-i7/7v7f
1]l Side plating f'a {n|J ti ffi 35 Stay for stiffener f 9.&.
Second deck beam knee H-F&C-l^=- 37 Second deck piller ^*7 7 -
ffi=ryffiJc
10 Second deck beam ffi-ryw.c-l. (R) 38 Hold piller *-tv l: t 7 -, Bfr
LI Second deck plate ffi:$mF&
Sheer strake fiTHtrffi 39 Bottom ceiling #vlt^t-t)//
IY Upper deck beam try&c-/. 40 Side sparring +r4 F z,<- r) v /
20 Upper deck plate r,$ffiF& 41. Side light fifffi
2t Upper deck beam knee t,ffttrC-}.=- 42 Cabin ff,A
n62

MIDSHIP SECTION-6: ICE BREAKER

+*ffififfiE (6) : 6+)Kff;

26
3I

2,4 !8.17

1 Center girder +,t f"frffiffi 20 Tank beam t/2c-^

2 Flat keel plate *ffi-+-tv 2l Bottom angle of side i4 F)1'-r:, 7/ /
girder /V
3 Bottom plating f'aEti&
4 Bottom angle of center +,1.fi'3ffi&iAl&zv r 22 Side girder M)f -,
girder /v 92 Longitudinal girder ffiif-ts
5 Center line strake of -€lE+,[.f"f,ffi o/ Longitudinal bulkhead ffiPEE
25 Bulge side plate :<tv2MrJffi
tank toP
v-t^ Bulge frame .itV')7 V-L
6 Main frame fr-z 26
f
7 Reverse frame E\JT v-^ 27 Horizontal stiffener 7K+^*z
+,t'f'Rffi&lFfiz Y r Bulge beam .itv I ti- A
8 Top angle of center 28
,<lvtlF.ffi.
girder /V 2Q Bulge top plating
9 Vertical angle of centcr +,['ffifii&w7/ ltv 30 Upper deck sheer strake .b'FffiSftn!Effi
fa {a!J ,t ffi
girder Side plating
10 Strut 32 Bridge deck sheer ff,;ffi#F&trffIJFffi
11 Connecting angle -87! /tv strake
,)vv -,
tZ Margin angle <-t/7/ /tv JJ Bulwark plate
13 Margin Plate ffi& 34 Wash port or freeing ffi. ,J< 4L
74 Tank side bracket :Etrtiffll/? r v I port
15 Bilge keel Ctv2*-tv 35 Bridge deck fAffi#F&
16 Bilge strake € tvt^)F
AA Upper deck t, F Jfr.

77 Web frame W#z V-A, V t Second deck ffi=ryffi.

z'z v-L 38 Hatch side coaming r*1/$\=- a / /
Effiz v-t^ Hold pillar t-tv F €t -
18 OrdinarY fram
19 Tank toP Plating , / ,14ffi.
 4,
T
t\
18 )l
t7 1
T
,
t__d:,
T1
'17
-t\18 1 o,

I
IJ 1f /"/:,f
\

t oO
0 w
-13
s !-,
l -r17-/ 8
14
0 0o 0

0 00
2ro 0 0,
r n
/-
0 010
0t9 1
r'Q
10
 \)L

\ -/.).--
 7 Breast hook
8 Stem
9 Keel
10 Centre girder
11 Floor
12 Rider plate
1a Wash plate
'lt Collision ,bulkhea<
Boatswain store
lo Second deck
17 Deck girder
18 Deck beam
19 Double bottom
20 Tank top plate
2T
A Stem plan
I Lower half of stem
2 Upper half of stem
3 Scarph
4
Fashion plate,
Apron plate
5 Shelter deck
6 Upper deck
LWL : Load water line
B Forepart construction
1 Chain locker
2 Chain pipe
3 Forepeak water tanl
4 Fashion plate
5 Shelter deck
6 Upper deck
EFffi.
-tFffi.
ffitrzJ<fS
fa ts'ffi €
7r.-/eyh
7 z-/,<4 /
ffiEzka v z
7ry.2a//v-l
8.Fffi.
.LFffi.
7'q
 After part construction ffA E ffi €
I After peak water tank fA E zJ< €
2 Rudder stock trunk 7 t'-7 | v 2 | j >
2
3 Stern frame flhF-EM
4 Rudder ffi
5 Deep floor i.t-/ze7
6 Shelter deck {ETryX
I Upper deck -tr.TDX-
8 Deck girder WffiT)r'-s -
9 Watertight bulkhead zj<S[Fff
Second deck M-dJr
- 'f +tx
10 fri
11 Escape trunk e^f-/lr/,
1.2 Stufrng box bulkhead fAEPEtr
13 Double bottom *rfi
g&
t4 Cement -uJv I
15 Deck
B Stern frame plan
I Top projection
2 Crown part
3 Top gudgeon
4 Boss
5 Propeller post
o Shoe piece
.7
Heel
8 Bottom gudgeor
9 Screw aperture
 LX6

HULL CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM

ff*6f#EUfr

A Transverse framing si4r4

4F' t\ ,tS rE'*
system
B Longitudinal framing di4ra
i"{rt r\ fs rE
system
C Combined system iRAffit-*
1 Center girder + ,['f;.f, ffi
2 Side girder BtJ )f - ,'
3 Floor /
4 Bottom transverse fa lE ff; f4
5 Flat keel *ffi,+-tv
6 Bottom plating fia tfi rj,ffi
7 Bottom longitudinal fAIRffif{
8 Inner bottom plating n1trffi.
9 Top longitudinal of -EEIFgFf;ft,f'
double bottom
10 Margin plate ffitt
11 Tank side bracket -ElEtN&|J/7\v I
72 Side plating fa,iHll tN &
13 Ordinary frame Effizv-a
74 Web frame 4+'#7 v
15 Side longitudinal
^
fa eu ffi f-j I6 Deck beam F&C-a
lo Transverse beam F&ffi;iff;u-a 19 Pillar C t
LI Deck plate ffiFffi. 20 Deck longitudinal F &ffiffi
HORIZONTAL SECTION AT LEVEL "AA'
 13 After peak tank
14 Deep tank
B Bulkhead structure
r, upper deck
2 Lower deck
3 Bulkhead plating
4 Vertical stiffener
b Vertical web
6 Horizontal stiffene
7 Side stringer
8 Collar
9 Ordinary frame
10 Deck beam
A Bulkhead subdivision pffift.OLL
1 Upper deck t F ffi
2 Quarter deck f; tr F fi
3 Seconddeck ffi=ryffi
4 Shelter deck ffi iR F fi
5 Lower deck or orlop TFffi (E
deck
6 Third deck ffi=ryffi
I Engine andboilerspace ffi E g
8 Collision bulkhead fA ts'pH E
o After peak bulkhead fiA E pH g
10 Engine room bulkhead ffiffigpffiS
11 Hold bulkhead fA A Fffi tr
12 Fore peak tank
nn0

STEAM WINCHES
&7"t 4 Y +

{;
nt-

A Open type ffi 'tfr. 4. Control handle =/lF-)Vz:Y;r'

itv)"Y f tv
B Enclosed type #ffis Valve handle
E+Er4
1 Wire drum V4TF'^ 6 Main spur wheel A Eie
2 Warping drum, War' v_Xv /z/ F, ffi 7 Counter weight 2912t.*otD B Ele
ping end, Nigger ,sxE 8 Connecting rod B#ffi cHv
head
q Valve casing trffi
3 Cyliuder '>r/ts 10 Bed plate nv f /v-l
 x.9B

BOLLARDS AND FAIR LEADERS

,f , _ l: L7 r-7 - r'
'
B
A'a

,'ffi.
ffi
ffi-
ffi@
A-b

C'a c-b

r*l*r ffi15
iW#li Affir'\
D-c

@m
D-b

E\ D-a

'\ 6-A
@@ D-d

'6.-8-r"
D-e 1ffi D-r

.ffi rh c;\
zJ4u-rA)--l#lL
@
A Bollards ,Ii7-l c Deck-end rollers f.y4-Yfa-j
B Panama canal chock .<f<Va'v2 D Fair leaders z-7t-r'
(Type-A) 1e4)
 A

bc
TI -I- -JL-
D

Bar keel fiYt+-tv 8 Reverse frame AtlTv-^

,-i Side bar keel MtJffi.F-tv 9 Foundation plate Sffi& (HIEffi€)
Flat plate keel Yffi.+-tv 10 Keelson angle *-tvY v7/ ltv
Alternative center zJ.4ffAH*- tvY /&- 11 Vertical plate
keelsons for a small *fi 12 Rider plate 74
vessel 13 Side bar keel ^'-/v-b
Mffi.*-tv
I Bar keel fifu+-tv 14 Lugs 7/
9 Garboard (strake) v -fi\- | 15 Continuous plate HrEffi
e Frame 7V-L 16 Flat plate keel *Jfr.+-tv
t Floor 17 Ceirter girder +,L.ffiffi
Frame heel piece 'F
7 V- LY-)vt-7 18 Center line strake +,1.#f,ntr&
h 'Water-coutses, € tv9ffif1 19 Keel bulb bar Htr#lJrVtt
20 Keelson Ell # ,g
Limber-holes FIBF

I Intercostal plate EN +]J ffi.

orl

GLOSSARY ON SAILING
FJr € {ffi Eg

Component of wind propulsion

Ftr.affij€]za.)r
bc Force and direction of apparent
wind iE,E[t LlEElff,
dc Effective component of wind ;
perpendicular to sail
RDAHr'nh; FnEI:SH
t
Longitudinal component of dc;
propelling ship along
dc o)W&h)J
Lateral component of dc ten'
ding to force the ship leeward,
and creating a turning moment
about the centre of rotation
ac atRIE':JfJ
A
Sailing Terms
W€'F;E
Ship's position
xa&
Direction of wind
R&
Starboard tack
fiffffi E'
Port tack
Efif BS 3
Wind a'head
E fA ts'tr\
Wind a'stern
iE f,} ,E EI
1, 2 Glose hauled, By the *ind
-pi(m'8,;*ffi8
Reaching
,-7v/
Beam wind
tfiR
Sailing large or free
ttE
,.H #
&
r
Quarter wind
iER
\{ing and wing
ffi€ffi 3'
 P
('IAO'NH

gFtr€Q"E'>i
6si XTX*;
e9**XAg
=c+!lFx0a (Jl o
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H'*;+Bo rfin
Fo. 6.1 o
i +:\
I
r<
ro[ {
F-
!l
llp
oq < -
Irowoo. > ;q F\r' jrElJ .crl Od :o-J
\.1 u,ri:r;.1
,:J
!i-
iir:-
**ft I .7_ _i H
r4@
Effii i l
OHn
9fo *l
E zx iF

cffi *.R u
+wlFr 4{
B
fr- =-=
rl
<X, r

-i
x
I

*''"-I${r \ s
)gn.ltll/.V
-i! * -fi -tfl ).l
F.#
'n 'n
r
-tfi
Fi
z
- I

SSSHB H
trH
{Ffi
J<l
i

r{ l
I

uow
i
I

-..O r{. ...ry.ryqJ..f,toco-ro,

U..5r1>2 {{cn'-:*'t.' 'fErF-t<6t- t-o
i

u'
f f,
g
*i ] F[[ Hi s vo i

t f,i [$
Egf; rti$;gil"s- EFefi
Fg + TT r- '--:F

rt:1 ill&ERi[*f 'f;+[*.

115
l-l
Tl{
1]
z
L

z
ll
!t,
rl
:l
I

E :Fgf=rErg" JH I
ll
il
rr!t"6H-o 2
tl
ll
tl
lr-
tl
EE 21ffi,' ,FN;SF .ff rS*f cv4+}- HHn-j+l-r il
!l1l
tr
x# S& +x.fH' 1$ + X- ff.* ln
il
*EiiEiisi* #ffiio.F= l+++ vu l----L-

# + xss#s *>.^ r!
$fi8 ffi ERE,$,F trSEEX-r.iDtrffiSffi
(f
o
i\i\
x- # ]tr x-x'x-*. sE
I
{{o-l
z '-'J
S he ffiStrffiS Za

x-s
str x-
ffi
l'J o-

?f
 (

7
3
13
t2
 12 Motor base
13 Coupling
14 Main tube
15 Portable tube
C System diagram of
controllable pitch sidr
thruster
1 Impeller
2 Impeller shaft
3 Input shaft
4 Coupling
5 Roller bearing
6 Bevel gear
7 Sealing device
8 Gland
9 Bearing housing fo:
impeller shaft
10 Bearing housing fo
input shaft
11 Servo motor
LZ pitch control rod
13 Transmitter elemen
14 Cap
15 Portable tube
16 Main tube
17 Driving motor
t\ rt(re fnrusler j-4 F77A'
1 Propeller blade /p^,2H
2 Propeller boss / p .<t ,F 7
3 Stay g. &
4 Motor 5i W ffi
5 Oil pump -rft,f v I
6 Head tank E)l A y Z
7 Lubricating oil tank ifqififi , y ?
8 Grid / | .y 1...

B Diagram of side thruster t4 Fz7 xthffiE

1 Impeller 4/-<7
2 Impeller shaft 4 /.<?4&
3 Bevel gear 4.ffiH
4 Bevel gear tl
Roller bearing .4rt\ 9$Ag
6 Roller bearing ,,
7 Roller bearing tt
8 Roller bearing t,
o Input shaft 4v/v r$&
10 Sealing device ,, =h )vr-)v
l1 Gland /, Y F,: -t */
4/.:?
4 Y-:tW
4//y l.+A
fiv/r//
.4hi I $sE
+ffi'H
J rt =)t tvy-11,
/tY F,:.y*/
4 y-:.rWga,-t 9v
/
4v/v l.$fiP,.i.2
y/
AEfrHlr-#+-,
AHfi t" v t'*
gA+"t'fr&ffi
*<v/
rf-5z'tv7--/
.t4/*=-7'
ffi9rHtf,Srffi
 ROPES _ 3: SECURING
F J(3):,ffifi?*

R,:.
frNtrtl
\dNM tffi
(-ffSEF--r

1l
#ICYP A-b
/GS"_o
;x

ffiI?
at
tl ffiffi
1l
il
ilr {.
i1
,i.
# tllttlLl
------#4y
A D-a
ffi ' L'a

i:i
i l' \-/
.d
. il.
:t
i{ D-b

if; -.frA
I VrFE:
l^
t:
w*l
[fi ].I\
I

l'41\
|l/-\.N/ E-+iN
I

T-l \\I
H-a I

Securing rope on the 2r*1"'0)td5fi F Overhand wharf tie *-.1,.y FV

-7 F
cleat .f
Securing rope on the ++M€v l"'o)tF> G Placing hawser over n -t-7)t,Vlfi
cross bit (staghorn n the bollard
bollard) H Securing boat-falj to F€ v | , r) - l.\0)
Belaying rope on the t v-Xy",atLe>fr cleat
the davit t e\)i
belaying pin I Stage sling 77-, A,./ /
Securing rope on the ,trr-FnALd5fr I-a Marline spike hitch -<- t) / v,<4 2 V ,y
bollard (Manila or wire (= =, a -/ *. f: ll. +
rope) v4Ip-/) I-b Marline spike hitch Ftrffir,afi.\ tttlt:-<
Securing rope on the ,f., - F "'ALbfi securedtoaplank stage - t) / /.t<l 2 V v V
bollard (Synthetic fiber 1,apqpn6e _l) I-c Stage rope tied toge- ff*L\A*23 ttf:27-9
rope)

U
 ti

lr ia
qt.[
p

tiJ
't!
.tl
;:I ROPES-4: KNOTS, BENDS AND HITCHES2
e-/(a): fi#(jf, .>trffi zDz
=s1fu
wFqJ
#ffi"ffi
iruff
€-s J
w ffi
"w ffiK
##

@ JK

A Two bowline v-#ri4v Figure of eight knot 7 .t 4 <*/-4 | ,t

B Running bowline ,/=Y/nrr4Y v l', z\O?ffiO.
c French bowline, Double 7v/?#rr4Y, J Sheep shank y-/y -\ Y ,
caulker's chair 5 /tv=-)t-At z K Reeving line bend 9 -€/ /, 4 Y'</
7 f,

Overhand knot, Thumb t-.\,'YF/Yl Single carrick bend Y/ //v)i-D y r''<

knot YF
E Square krot, Reef knot Y
-7 '/ v l', AffiLN Double carrick bend 5 z'tvh- t) 'v y''i/
F Granny knot, Lubber's /7=-.,t'y l, 7.i F

knot v\ Studding sail boom hitch, V 5 / Atv.', 1-

-A.t
y- l-<Y l-', +2. y
F*

Sheet bend, Becket Stuns'l halyard bend ^:7

'o
1."

bend l.^{y r.", *€'rlct Marline hitch, Ham- '<-t)/Vyf

**/li
4\E v mock hitch
H Double sheet bend f itvv- l-^7 l-, Buntline hitch, Stud- .i/l74vYvt
- ='^+^ :€$!7N
/iac/fFv ding sail tack bend
-g
 /n
znu il

l,

ROPES - 4 : KNOTS, BENDS AND HITCHES T

F -2"( 4) : fiECIf,,'>fs?f,to> t

I
'l
.t.I

T!
.l
,,,

tl
A Single half hitch .\-7Vyt, -ffi(}'- ^:7 l: ii
B Two half hitch Y -2.-7 Vy t, L Roband hitch l:':/l:et, ]i
l:t7
4qv
* M Lark's head, Cow hitch 7-2zn'rf' rV li
if
c Slip hitch 7t) r/YrU r.-+ TL

yY/tvJ?.y29t I
D Timber hitch */ 'i-v v * Single blackwall hitch I
Clove hitch, Ratline ,77'e v Effi(,){ i'
D
-/vu.,y V 1
hitch 16fljffi(} ", o Cat's paw 4*v)rf,i
+
Round turn and two ,vvFt-/7vf P Double blackwall hitch R'),,v7'2 v 2 V *- lij
half hitch )-t.-7Vyt tvYyT {:i
G Slip clove hitch 7-1) t7"rr)Y.y+ Bowline .fr74Y, {>Rr,.fr# .* l
H Inside rolling hitch 4/t4 f v-t)// /)i -:

P.r* Bowline on a bight ,FVr4v*Y7'<4 i'$l

?.1
I
Outside rolling hitcb 7,l+r4 Frl-t) / l'' FFffitjffit" L
/e.y* Fisherman's bend 7,1 v/<-</A'i/ ;i
,-t.
J Magnus hitch -< /r7e t? t', l./, I ffiOl ti
K Tops'l halyard bend lY7'\tv.'rt-i'- ;t
ii
it
:!.
rl
r
it:
'*,i
 42

ROPES _ 5: END KNOT AND WHIPPING

p J(5): ffifi#U L ffifi&)
-

D-a D-b D-c D-d

w
,ffi E-a E-b tr-c

@
re F-a W G-a G-b G-c

n Crown knot r'70/,/vl F Monkey's fist +Y+-7 1 7l

B Wall knot l,f -tv/ Y I G Sailmaker's whipping +.- lV .,t - )l ,!< 4 'y Y'
c Wall and crown knot 9,t-tv7/f2 ,v //
/,/'v I Palm whipping, Com- z<-J^#4 v €Y /,
D Matthew Walker knot -</ zV t-,,/ vl' mon whipping =+/i:4 y €v /
E Single diamond knot yv /)vt"4 f + '/F Palm and needle whip- zr-J^7/ F=-F/V
,r'y b ping ,h4 r€//
 ROPES - 6: TURK'S HEAD, SEIZING AND GROMMET
v-/(ili ,-y'v''.'v F, Y-tl /, /'e .t 'v I

A-c

B-a B-c
B-b

E'a E-b

}I Turk's head /-2 v+y F E Racking seizing, NiP- 7 .y */ //-rY r'

B Round seizing 7r/Fv-tt/ pered seizing
/7 j v I
c Throat seizing ZF- l.v-t/ / Grommet
D Spanish windlass ;\t3=yV=91/F
27
 44

ROPES - 7: SPLICING AND SERVING

v-/(7): zJ74 zL+r-€v r'"

E Serving +f
-€/ /
js-:Y/
A Eye splice 74 77't4 A 1 Worming
B Long splice pv/2J74 z 2 Parcelling t<--t t) / /
c Back splice ,:.y V z/74 z 3 Serving +t-€t /
D Short splice Y=- l.77'r4 7 4 Marline, Spun *?-t) /, 7,:Yt-/
5 Canvas h/,i7
 ROPES _ 8: EYE SPLICING (CROSS ROPE)
74 (lezv-/)
^7"r4 ^
Rr

L : left hand lay SJ9 R : right hancl lay z i.v)

46

ROPES - 9: SHORT SPLICING (CROSS ROPE)

e-z'(9): /z-t7/t4 7 (ZvzF-/)

z J.v)
 47

WIRE SPLICES - 1

v4I^/?4^0)

A Wire eye splice v4 f7 4 77"24 7 B Wire short splice V4tYa-1A7",

47
48

WIRE SPLICES - 2

v4I77't4Ae)

A Wire long splice v4IBv/Z/?4 B Wire cat splice v4l+'(yl7/7

4z
 R/t
t\,

STOPPER AND STROP

Vl,y):L7.lv,y/

/-:\
K0)
\trr/

@ c

A Selvagee strop, Strap i)v-<-t7lEt/ E-a Rope stopper e-/:-l.y.3

B Putting a strop x l.rr y lo)t'tdfr E-b Nipper stopper (for =yzil. l.yui
C Mousing a hook, 7'y y'D-<Vtv / wire rope)
D Seizing a shackle Yt)r)v/)Y-t/ E-b-1 Nipper = ".1 t1
/ E-c Chain stopper 1-e-/7.1-:|/23
E Applying a stopper Z I v .<o)i,Ofi
 ROPE FURNISHING TOOLS
I1 /HR

tfll
Y-z
re-@
_l
ffi'G
/ r->

"J
ll
ti..r
ll

L ffi
ZE2

\\,M
K s:,ffi
ffi>R'-:
FN o

A Fid 7.tvF 5 Neck, throat 4Y 2' xrt- l'

B Heaving mallet e-t//-<v) l.
T
J Round thimble trvfv/7')v
C Serving mallet t--€/ /-< v ', l- K Rigger's vice, Rigger's t h'-472 D z-
D Knife 'r4z screw
E Pricker /r"/rt L Meshing needle jy///=-ftv
F Needle and twine =-f tv (ffifi) a I M Wire clip v4t2t)y/
v4v (ffih) 1 Solid thimble / t) v FvYltv
G Palm z{A Open end socket zl-/Y-YFlt.y
H Marline spike 1- t) Y Z'<4 * l-
I Heart-shaped thimble r- l. // 7'tv o Close end sochet y'p*,=-yfytvt
1 Crown ,2V/ P Rope gauge p
-/f-9
2 Shoulder /ztvR' a Iron heaver e-zi
3 Clear ,DT R Wire cutter V4t)tvr'
4 Score 7=7 5 Oil press cutter *4tvlv7)1 t,
 66

INFLATABLE LIFE RAFT

p5Ffr$t61.i.fi

\W:nm\3A@
/ /' ffi=
B
7n
@Pvu)
/t2 --2:D 81# ffi
,// ffi /-W e^ ffi,1
12
?A h, - alo 13

//r/{
r/A //
rE k} 5G
| 'l €
'</L'- rn-zFxKNiry=" v wil<.y
6 ffi ttatil \/
| lll K-<->> ll1' {@ W lt t?zt'ttt \"//
Wry
\tj;2
14^n /\ tZ JC21
-&A
2W
16 />;r.-..!.r6j|fi a,19- 6?
@(d" E& h
2L
W Y-.*-o -^
wg
/l;:/;i,'fi,5fu':,wt

':@Mr.......:
-c
w\ A-a

A-t
Inflatable life raft ry63qff.ftr,r/r/J 7 Repair outfit l6WH R B !r
1 Lower buoyancy chambdr f, € 8 Hand bellow 3. !. :. C r.
2 Upperbuoyancy T -|fi € 9 Survivalfood *t#A*€ i'
chamber 10 Drinking water $t Ff zJ<
t,t
3 Arch X#fr& 11 Drinkingvessel : v /
4 CO2 bottle ftW.ttzFg 12 First aid outfit 4:
,f€EtrR 5i
5 Tent X#fitr', 71fl$fr 13 Anti-seasickness $A R l, *
6 Port hole fr t] (ffifr##,H) tablet 5' :

7 Drain tube X zJ< F 14 Tin opener 0;

t, L gl g
8 Life line $-Hr 4 7 ? 4 v 15 Signalling whistle ffi.
9 Jumping ladder +Kif L: "16 Fishing tackle g! E F 7

10 Marker light {ii

{H fr& ffi 17 Instruction eFfE#g+"-JUN*i6
B Container E # {F€AH,EE
c Equipment L
H * ff 18 parachute distress. trT8rf,t.fE€
I Buoyant rescue quoit iS8*ft (&f,d.ffi) signal
2 Knife f 4 z 19 Red flare signal tr E tf *.
lIJ
3 Bailer &> lt' | 4 20 Watertight electric zJ<&€fi€ 11

4 Viscose sponge z,tryt (#Frjffi) torch

12

5 Sea anchor y-7vh- 2t Daylight signalling E)t.fF€ffi

6 Paddle and hook zJ'!.io'JL).2 v Z mirror
 70

LIFE BOAT EQUIPMENT

,47,Ji-l.ff.ER

' ___---'l_

-=_ t

m
{ @ffif@ 10

@,
trm @ 15

w,,@, @
ffi @
29 30

I Oar flv L7 Fresh water ffi. FI' 7.(

a Tip ?,y2" 18 Dipper 0L+(
b Blade z'v-F 19 Drinking vessel ='v/
c NecE 4vy' 20 First aid outfit ,fia8ffi:3
d Loom )v .r\ 21 Jack-knife fitted with a i,A,L)JDt{39 +'y 2
Handle r.Y l: )V tin opener f47
z Boat hook #-- 17 'y ? 22 Heaving line W.VfR
Crutch 2?v* 23 Daylight-signaling mir- EJTIAEaH
4 Steering crutch 777Vv/?2v* ror
Plug tS 'A
Manual pump Yt
?9t,f
6 Bailer &>t'1b. 25 Whistle EEI

7 Bucket zif) 26 Fishing tackle 91 €R

8 Hatchet +bo) o'7 Ladder *ZHR
I Lamp ,YJ OQ
Parachute signal ffiT8rf.t,iF€
10 Lamp oil can t Y7"'(fut\L 29 Hand red flare IAErcft.
l1 Match in watertight zkMF.?F.]'.-< v * Buoyant smoke signal ftME-lAq
container JI Water proof electric torch zJ(ffi€fi;tH
t2 Compass =/ziV JL. Hand-flags + ffi
Sea anchor v-7/rt- Portable radio apparatus ffiEU"*ftbR*E
I4 Oil vessel ?fr8** Boat anchor ,F-17/h-
15 Oil bag 3rtfifi Anchor rope 7vh-p-/
IO Food ration ,ig -R Jacob's ladder t r 27"2, F-
 ANCHORS _ 2

Danforth type anchor ,"./ t- ;u7 v rt -v

D Admiral stockless anchor 7 f i Ttvzl v r'
77/)i-
E Inglifield stockless 4Y/t)7.t-tvF
anchor Vl.y?V77/rt-
F Hall's stockless anchor ;l-/vAAfvr'V7
7v fi-
Stockless anchor 7lyr'v77/fi- G Martins anchor <-f vry7 v h-
1 Anchor ring 7/h-t / / H Smith's anchor 7a 7)fl7/fi-
, Anchor shank 7Yh-vt/ V I Dun's patent anchor /v*,W#z v tt -
Anchor crown 7/)i-r' 7r/ J Tyzack's anchor 54)fyrN7/h-
4 Anchor arm 7/r-7-^ K Screw type anchor 7y' 1)
=-U7/fi-
5 Anchor flukes 7/h-oFJ L Allison's anchor 7rvv1g.7vfi-
o Anchor bill, Peas of 7Y )t-€tv M Gruson Hein's anchor /tvY Yn4 vN"7Y
the anchor +-
Baldt type anchor /:,/v1ry7/h- N Eell's anchor 4 -)v2ry7/h-
 89

TYPES OF RUDDERS _ 1

ftEaffifg(1)

+-
E

--l
I

H>\
I Tl
{

I 1 iil
r--lll=r--f
\
|Il
) hT

Y I
L_ilt l U
_1>w <D- -m-
lFir.<==J,/
I

Single plate unbalanced $&)FY\Affi' F Oertz rudder =-tu2ff?

rudder G Balanced reaction ?1Atr.9:trt
Double plate semibalan' ?F&*9!Af'E rudder
ced rudder H Contra rudder =/t2M
i1$ffi QEffi) I Mariner type ruddet -< ) -J.wftE
C Balanced rudder
D Hanging rudder gt fi'E J Koster rudder =7-9ffi
V/'/'vv/^ffi K Active rudder 7 +7'ff,
E Simplex rudder '
 90

TYPES OF RUDDERS - 2
fit o> ffi {H (z)

a
L Fletnner rudder zv.t lJ-ffi, P Kort nozzle rudder
= tv | ,, ltvftE
M Hydro gap rudder 2..{fv4+y/frt a Kitchen's rudder * v 7 zlftfr,
N Teishinsho rudder ffi{E€fe R Bow ruC.der MHfE
o Tutin rudder * --*/ftf;
Ln4

DERRICKS : UNION PURCHASE OR MARRIED GEAR

7t) v/: V:J,Lfi'#

1 Goal post mast, Pair j-lvr]i 7 !'-? jA t , 10 Heel block v-/v/ a , ,

mast girder -<7 -< 7 l- )t- r' 11 Head block .\.r F7'', t ,
2 Derrick boom (Tubular f r).v ?J-t^ L2 Topping lift by€//1)71,
tvpe) 20ffi
3 Mast table -<717-z'tv. IJ Hanger winch ,'/)f04/7
4 Outboard guy 7V t,t-F)f 4 1l Cargo winch ,- jv 4 v?, m'6t
5 Inboard guy 4Y,f-Fr'4 t4v7
6 Midship guY : ) "t /)14 15 Hatch cover z:9 t\-
y'J1

7 Preventer /tnv, Hatch coaming ..tV3-a//

8 Cargo whip n-J*<4 v / T7 Boom rest, Boom sup' )-t*,
9 Cargo hook )1
-i7 'y ?, ffi'&.7 port
z..y7E
v? 18 Hatch opening
 rarsrJ rv4q \3<€1tl El,, I r ,
2100: il ZT,
10180: r tOT,

A
x.n6

SWINGING DERRICKS AND CARGO HOOKS

h'fiA#f0 'v 2 Ln-jz'v,

.$

{
{
i
i

I'
{

@
8A &
66
1

4
t
a

i
I
U d
i

a
bc

e
q9
e
f
h

Deadman system, backweight system, counter Hatch hook t'.y V7 'y 2

weight system ,itrJ& Davey hook, Slip 7-€-Z :t ?, Zt)
1 Topping lift tvt//r7b, hook "tlz "t ,
-9tffJ Ramshorn hook jLVa-/7 y?
2 Guv .,J
Backweight .\y?l-4 l, jlffi Safety hook F,&z'v z
Cargo hooks )t-='7 v 2 Western cargo hook ,-25/)t-j7 "t
a Swivel cargo hook 74 -<)vr-17 y 2 ,
(Liverpool hook) (t).:J-lv7 y 2) Seattle cargo hook Y7 | /v)r-lz .y ?
b Cargo hook witb EALttrt-=.7.v y' Method of joining t 4 "t /o)'>t*€fi
safety tongue whips
 t87

VENTILATORS - 2
iE tr1 H (2)

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=Jl + l=
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: I :
A
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A Goose'neck ventilator /-^*> v z&ffiE|ffi Cabin wall fAAE

B Mushroom ventilator !"^
c v/ s +tt-'EEla
:+:x!l,ta\ lcJ Cabin fiAE
C Exhaust ventilator or #Ffl&*/:iiEr*& Ventilating trunk, ffiRlr/2
wall ventilaton i8tr.ffi Air trunk
,st
D Lighting & ventilating ffiEE#H€EITL Punkah-louvre )J /v-l rv
shaft Branch ,iyt (&€)
E Mechanical ventilation ffiffirER To fan motor or XEI&*/:{te--c
1 Deck composition fv*e/#9yz/ thermo tank t/r'
x.86

VENTILATORS - 1

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COWL-HEAD VENTILATORS * ri.64iBJEl.H

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PIVOTED
SIDELIGHT WIND CATCHER OR
c*,1{ z l'lA\ {in.€. SUB-SCUTTLE
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UPTTAKE PATENT fiF"fr.r 4 y Y7)v
VENTILATOR DOWN-CAST V.
0lfl LiEJEIH #afi,iE)Etffi
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u
CAN AS WINDSAIL

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7 F 7/v

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SECTION
SCUPPERS

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 SCREW CURRENT AND RUDDER EFFECT - 2
7 , t) 3 * 7" F -:. j ffi, LfiED(Fffi el

a
F \ r F \
\ F ( rr- \ Y \ (

b
A
Aa A A A A A w A AA A A
B-b-l B-c-l B-b-z B-c-2 A-c A-a A-c A+ C-a C-c C-b
[00

SCREW CURRENT AND RUDDER EF'FECT - 1

7' --/r:'*tffi"Ltrf'Dftffi (1)

'

V;
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CDc
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A Ship and screw going fiA6, &HL 6t:&# decidedly but at fir' l-, '&flR#taF.#,
astern. st, will go to star-
a Ship beginning to go fiAtrtrA J. et&ffi:&E board slightly.
astern. Stern usuallY F€iA, f}EITEHEE c Forces nearly balance. #frsD)Jttts€8i, fiA
goes to port. Stern will usually go
b Ship going astern.
-,&#&)Jrti.u.(f'Efi to port at first and thhE
Stern will go to star' rt\frbnffiHfrw then to starboard.
board. C Screw going ahead tr;I&'lk&+, ffiHBfJG
c Ship going astern. fiAEHt>r:E4r when ship going astern.
Stern goes rapidly to a Stern will go to ffiEo)#ffifrfrJttE.fi
Port. either way. r..ft.
B Screw going astern fiAiA'nil#+, ffiHi&G b Stern goes decidedly ffiE*flN#l:E.M
when ship going ahead. to port.
a Stern goes to port. frhHE# c Stern usually goes to f,AtrITffiH'AE
b Stern goes to port trAE-t:LMfillfrW starboard.