Psychology of learning

and Instructions
ESEM5123
Lesson 5 : Learning Motivation Theories

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 Learning • What is motivation?
• What can we learn from the needs
Motivation theories of motivation?
Theories • What is the equity theory of motivation?

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What is motivation?

• Motivation is an internal state that arouses, directs, and

maintains behavior.
• Intrinsic Motivation is motivation associated with activities
that are their own reward.
• Extrinsic Motivation is motivation created by external factors
such as rewards and punishments.
• Locus of Causality is the location – internal or external – of
the cause of behavior
Four General Approaches to Motivation
Four General Approaches to Motivation
1. Behavioral Approach
Motivation can change their behavior through rewards

2. Cognitive and Social Cognitive Approach

Motivation can increase their expectation, self esteem, beliefs,
goal… through their cognitive functions

3. Socio-cultural Conceptions
Motivation can increase their social involvement
Approaches continued …
4. Humanistic Approaches
Motivation can increase their
fulfillment as a human being
 The Influence of
Needs on
Motivations to learn
The Influence of Beliefs on Motivations to learn
Students belief about their abilities in different academic areas can also
influence their motivation to learn. To see how, look at the statements
about what they tell us about each person’s motivation.

a) “If I study hard for the next test, I’m going to do well”

b) “Learning a foreign language doesn’t come naturally for me, but with
some more work, I'm going to be good at it by the end of the year”.

Each of these statements describe a belief, a cognitive idea we accept

as true without necessarily having definitive evets to support it.
 The Influence of
Beliefs on
Motivations to learn

• Beliefs About Outcomes

• Beliefs About Intelligence.
• Beliefs About Capability
• Beliefs About Value.
• Beliefs About Causes of
Performance.
Strategies for Motivating the
students
• Become a role model for student
interest. ...
• Get to know your students. ...
• Use examples freely. ...
• Use a variety of student-active
teaching activities. ...
• Set realistic performance goals
and help students achieve them
by encouraging them to set their
own reasonable goals.

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THANK YOU

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