| CAMBRIDGE eee Tita Supe Language Assessment ADVANCED ee Tana) For revised exam from 2015 i a ee ee ered | eee ae ee seacoast See ee er ee tent et at ear eae en ee i teeter eee ieee arian Sr rat eee enna en ereee aeennr anna fas ae Na POW ata litt) Seer ree See ee eer ee ee ese teen A st — : i AUTHENTIC EXAMINATION PAPERS FROM CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH LANGUAGE ASSESSMENTCAMBRIDGE £8] CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH UNIVERSITY PRESS Cambridge English ADVANCE CERTIFICATE IN ADVANCED ENGLISH WITH ANSWERS AUTHENTIC EXAMINATION PAPERS FROM CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH LANGUAGE ASSESSMENT Geet ursBe SesSeeseeeCeEeSeeSeEeteaeE Reading and Use of English 1A venue B setting © background ——D_surounding Test 1 | | 2A cating B naming © attibutng ——-D_acknowiedging READING AND USE OF ENGLISH (1 hour 30 minutes) Aan Been © take > fctonal | rn (4A arranges B spaced © sated D-distibuted er questore 1-8, adheteytoelow and dectiowhichanswer(A,8, CorD)bet fis each gap. | «8A categorically Bunavoidaby belay undenily 's an example at ho boginn | Macc aonesarnecoman ee nee (8A weekens B urdermines © demolshes. ——«._ismantos eae [1 & tetra spotng © embing pin © Acsicemed B viewed © regarded —_D believed } ce aaaey B legend © dream D_ myth 7 ae j A 5 i i The camera never lies Arthur Conan Doyle, creator of the Sherlock Holmes stories, (0)... himself to be a rational man, @ scientist even, But in 1920, when he saw photographs of feiies taken in {a garden (1) ...-., he thought he was seeing scientific proof that these tiny creatures really existed. He published the photographs alongside an article he wrote, 2) fares as supernatural wonder. It was not until 1929 that te two ladles who took the photos admitted these were (3)... They simply cut out pictures of fairies from a book and (4)... them among flowers, The results are 6)... beautiful But the simplicity ‘of the trick (6)... & basic principle of photography, thatthe camera cannot le, But it can, and always could. Today, we are used to computer software (7) wun US to rework our digital images and it is a (8) .... that photography ever had a true ‘age of innocence. From the moment cameras began capturing realty, that realty was being altered.Test 1 For questions 9-16, read the text below and think of the word wiich best fits each gap. Use only ‘ane word in each gap. There is an example atthe beginning (0). Part2 ‘Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separste answer sheet. Example: iG Reading and Use of English Parts For questions 17-24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals atthe end of some ofthe lines to form a word that fits in the gap In the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0), ‘rite your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet, Example 2) Deere eeD foley ‘Online passwords - what everyone should know Wen (0)... Gomes to online security, we all Know what we ought to dor choose a diferent, random set of letters and numbers for every email account, shopping site or bank account. But hardly (9)... 8s this, because memorising them allis impossible. So we use the same familia ‘words for every ste, (10)... remembering to replace the letter 0 with a 28, or choosing to (11) ‘a pet's name or, even worse, the word ‘password occasionally se of a capital ltt. Even if we opt (12)... arandom group of eters such as fpqzy’ there is now software avaiable ‘which can make a thousand guesses per second, enabling a hacker to get te your password in Just under four hours. Interestingly, (13) ..... ineteasing your password to twenty random letter, you Increase & hacker's quessing time 10 6.5 thousand tillon centuries. The problem is that you would (14)... ‘no chance af ever remembering those 20 letters. The solution, apparent, Is to come (18)... with thee or four shor, unrelated words and work (16)... way to remember them, Easy! 10 ‘Too many climbers on Mount Everest ‘Mount Everest in Nepal is becoming (0) .... popular as a destination INCREASE for adventure tourism. During the month of May, (17)... weather FAVOUR. presents a number of safe opportunities to make the climb. As a result, the ‘sheor number of climbers has brought an (18)... problem, potentialy EXPECT ‘even more dangerous than low temperatures and changeable weather ~ ‘overcrowded conditions. The fact that there are so many climbers, many ‘of them complete (18)... , means that at times people are queuing for BEGIN hours to reach the summit “This hazard as lod to calls for stricter assessmants of naw learner ciimbers, fas in their (20)... to reach the mountain's summit such inexperienced DESPERATE climbers are sometimes ignoxing the advice of thelr Nepalese guides, which may (21)... everyone's ves. DANGER Perhaps one (22)... WOuld be to make the charges for climbing SOLVE ‘the mountain so high that only a few people could afford the climb. Or (29) soos» One could ban the use of artificial oxygen and local guides, ALTERNATE leaving Everest tothe very best (24)... Extreme, maybe, but it may just MOUNTAIN. prove necessary, nTest L Part4 For questions 25-30, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the fst sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and six words, including the word given. Here isan example (0). Example: © James would only speak to the head of department alone. on James 10 the head of department alone. ‘The gap can be filed with the words ‘insisted on speaking’, s0 you welte: INSISTED ON SPEAKING Example: \Write only the missing words IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet. 125 “You should stop your children watching so much television,” Mary's sister told hee. ter Marys sister advised her 80 much television, 28 Thelocal council wants to impose aban on diving at more than 30 klometres per hour anywhere inthis area, ILLEGAL, ‘The ocel council wants to _-at more than 80 kllometres per hour anyutere inthis area 27 Tom missed his plane because he was late leaving forthe airport. TIME only {or the airport, he wouldn't have missed his plane. 2 Reading and Use of English ‘The guidelines fr the appointment of new staff need to be thoroughly revised. ‘THOROUGH ‘There needs the guidelines forthe appointment of new staf. ‘The employment rate rose gradually as the economy began to recover GRADUAL There svnnnnesesesenn the Employment rate as the economy began to recover “The change in the company’s logo didn't make any aference tothe majorty ofits customers. CONSEQUENCE ‘The change in the company’s logo. customers. tothe majority of ts BTest 1 Reading and Use of English Part 5 31 Inthe fist paragraph, the writer suggests that as a child Praget ‘A. was particularly eager to teach others about animals. B_ was confident his rsearon would help other children, © was already certain about the career he would follow. was determined that nothing should hold back his progress. ‘You are going to read an article about a famous psychologist. For questions 31-36, choose the ‘answer (A, 8, C oF D) which you thnk fis best according tothe text. “Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. ‘82 _In quoting Einstoin, the water is ‘questioning the simplicity of Piaget's ideas. 1B supporting the contusion that Plaget reached, © suggesting that Piaget's research methods were unprecedented. 1D. recommending a less complicated approach than Piaget's. Jean Piaget Jean Paget, the pioneering Swisephilesooher and psychologist, became famous fr his theoriss ‘on hid development. A chid prosigy, he became interested n the siete stUCy of nature at {early aga. Ho developed 2 special fascination for ology, having some of his werk pubished Detore graduating fom high schocl. When, aged 10, his observations led to questions that coud ‘be aneiered ony by accase fo the ively ibrary, Paget wrote and Publshed some notes on ‘he sighting of an albino sparrow s the Nope that this woud persuade the lira to stop treating him ikea oh, ft workee, Pagel was launehed on 3 ath tht lod to his doctorate zoology and long conviction tal he way to understand anytng is to know how it evoNes. ‘Piaget went on te spend much of his professional ite stening to and watching chien, and poring over reports f researchers who were dong te same. He foun, to putt suecinty, tht chien Sent think Ike ats, After thousands of nteratians weth young people often barely le encugn to {ak Plaget began to suspect that baking thar cute and seemingly logical uterances were thought processes that had ther ou kind of oder and thai gun special lage. Albert Eston, the renowned Dhysiest. deemed tis cecovery 9 simple iat only gonki could have thought of | i | re ee rr cee | > 83. Inthe third paragraph, the writer puts forward the view that Piaget's work with children was dificult to put to a practical use, Piaget's theovies about children were less revolutionary than he thought. Page! laid the bas's for our curent understanding of how children’s minds work Paget was actually committe to radical change in the education system, voa> 34 The phrase ‘emoty vessele" (paragraph 4) refers to why children should be encouraged to study more independently. 8 what traditional academic theory said about chiiren and learning. Chow teachers can increase children’s motivation to lara, D_ the kind of knowledge that chitdren need to acquire. > science, arang hem developmental psychology and cogntve theory, came nto being as aresult of Fis eseorch, Athough not an esvestionalrelormer, he champlcned a way of fring about chron {fat prewged tne foundation fer today’s education reform moveriens. One might say that Piaget wa {he fret to tke ction tanking serous. Otters nv sara Ua Yeopoct fr chide may ha ‘ought harder for meciate change in schools, but Piaget’ Iniuonce on education remins deeper and mote pervasive Piaget has boon revered by gonerations cf teachers inspired by the bei that chr ae nat empty ‘estos to be file vith knouledge, a8 adional academe thinking had but active buklers of ‘noulecge ~te sclerists who ae constantly creating and tasting thar ofn theories ot the Word ‘net while he may not bea famous as Sigmund Freud, Piaget's conrfution to psychology may be longer lasing” A compusrs and tho Inert give chidon grater autonomy to explore ever tger tiga werids, the kas he ionsored bscome ever mers relevant In the 1940s, working in Atted Binet's chid-psychology lb in Pars, Piaget notice thet children ‘tthe same ae, regards of thor background af gender, made comparable store on tue 35. The writer says Piaget was unwilling to categorise children’s ideas as true or false because ‘A. he realised thatthe reasoning behind a chiles statement was more important he knew that tis could have long-term effects on a child © he felt that this cid not reflect what happans in real ite, he felt that chien are easily influenced by what adults have told them, ‘36 What does the writer conclude about newer theories that have appeared? ‘They completely undermine Piaget’s ideas. ‘They put greater emphasis on scientific evidence, ‘They are an interesting addition to the body of knowledge. ‘They are based on flawed research, Ct knowing In Paget's ie, classyng thom a troeor alge’ masses the pot and shows 2 lnk Ct reopect forthe chi What Piaget was aftr was a theory that Could fn coherence and ingeay ‘ithe chide usttation and evdence ofa Kad of explanatory pencil thet stanas young clare 'f ory good stead when they dost know enough ar don't have enough Sho hancl te Wind of ‘explanation that grown-ups prefer ‘The cov of Ploge’s work Is is bee thet locking cartuly at now chien acquire knowledge he ight on ew adults thn ang understand the word. Whetnr ths has, Infact, le fo deeper Understancing remains, lke eveynng about Piaget. contetiovs. in recent years, Plagt has boon ‘igorously chalonged by te curent emphasis on wewng mrowledge 9s an rnsic property of the brain Ingenious exparments have cemenstted that newoor inants ateady have some of te knowledge tat Plage bateved cskren constucted. But for those of Us wo Stl soe Paget asthe latin the ald of eagitive theory the spar between what the baby brings ard what the act has ‘$0 immerse at the now discovers do nek algfcaty reduoe the ga, ony Merease the myst. 1 4 5 ooa>Reading and Use of English Test 1 Part 6 Which contributor ‘You are going to read four contributions to an online debate about advertising. For questions ‘expresses a different view from the others about the impact tht advertising a 37-40, choose from the contributions A-D. The contributions may be chosen more than once. | has on a country's economy? {Mark your answers onthe separate answer sheet | nasa erent opinion from the others onthe extent to wich avertsing ips | 28 pre toma nics? The role of advertising in society today | atest Yow contr tet Meiners aetng ca ae | on poopie’ satnester ‘A Amos al publ epnces nowadays have adverse in sgh, and a om of ms, fn ‘newspapers to the cinema to the internet, are filed with adverts. This all-pervasive presence reflects ‘expresses a different opinion from contributor B regarding public awareness: | the value of advertising to us, Without ft, businesses of all types and sizes would struggle 1 inform | of how advertising works? Dotan! customers about the products or senices they Powde, and consumers Would be unatle | fo make informed aeaesenente when looking for proauets fo buy and sorioes fo usm. Witwout ‘sdvartsing, te promotion! products and practices tat contbuteto au physical ard psychological Wiel-beng - meacinas to teat mince aliments, insurance sctiemes to protect us, cloties and Cosmatic to make us look and feel base ~ would be infetely more Probiemate than is. An Uitneu aevertsements andthe aspratiensreprsentod in thom, the word would be afer dlr place, 18 Advertsing f evernwhor, and it's often go subse that we don' rele i's thereat some lve of our Consciousness. The uta am of course ff0 gel ust buy things, egarcless of whether makes Sanee for us to-do so, Infact, adverts mosty moar rational Geclor-making. Arecert study nthe [Uk Youre that 0096 of customers faced to understate tush about what was on afer in adverts for broadband intent services, This urtional mension fs evident inthe success acverises enjoy not foniyin gating us fo buy products tal, ety or ndrecty, cause prystal damage tous, out also In'rasing ou expectasone about what our ives should be ike ~ expectations Tat ie inp ‘Somesiig i virong with us we don't meet hem. Hawng sid this, acvertisng is unaarrontal 1 tho twornge of modern economia, so the chances ar that wil only cartinue fo ow in signicance, © Theww is tendency to underestimate people's intligence and to invest advertising with powers indoesat have. Coan dubious teonniquos have been banned ~ tke the use of subimial images Shown so qulkyy that vewers don” conscious realse they've seen them ~ but other forms of Advertsing ara simpiy manifestations of creat. Autsences understand ths and aro ale To enjoy ‘dvr unhurt fling pray to some complex dacepton, They know tot an advert tls them product ‘xt and suggests thay mig bone rom raving. Thay den’: exoect to prove objective deta’, cnfeming why they snout or shoud not go ahead witha purses, Thay are also sat enough © know that wat they e8 advertserents fs etton and, therefore, not something they should feat bad about they dant have. The bottom Ine, Nowaver, hat advertising Pape the whens of he onan to un, a cri ole whieh alates ara ieey to depend on for ve foegoaable fare. D Advertsing ea wordwide, mult-bion dolar industry and ineuitabl tends to favour large businesses, tars ean atiordacvarsing once, eter than smaor companies, von can nha Way. Imo lie ever moe atfout for thal actor othe economy ~ small ad mecumrsized businesses ~ which Inthe key tas nations prosperity, Advertsing also pncourages eran patlors of consumption fast ‘ood, cats, laboursauing Gauices and so on which characterise a sedentary ifesfyie ang undermine physical waltbomg, whe siso generating a senoe of Inadequacy an unhappiness among pope lito fel Inferior they don't possess @ product er conform fo certain ideas of what is “beaut ‘root. Ard fr ftom proving eersumes wih clear reuablenfermaten enabling them fo make le decisions about what to spend ther money on, advertisers use underhand methods t© fuse ane manipulate feelings anc troughs 16 "7Sesstesetteseesestesstesistsseteestisstevisttsttenitisstesisiisttenitisstennatistteniatistisiicttee Test 1 Part7 ‘You are going o read a magazine article about whale sharks. Six paragraphs have been removed ‘rom the article. Choose from the paragraphs A-G the one which fits each gap (41-46). There is ‘one extra paragraph which you do not need to use ‘Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. Secrets of the deep Until recently, tte was known about the movements ofthe whale shark. But a pioneering project is shedoing new ight on ths ocean giant. Project scientist Jonathan Green report. tage with piece of sce cable They were mended fo be tawed alngside or above the dora fn in fonder to bresk the sorface and aansit das by Stelle, Buc geting the tags co stay on wae ease sharks which we had tagued off the Galapagos sal chan done, For reasous unknown, some caine Inland they clearly showed that ashe sharks were off Tess dha 24 hour sssimming away trom tho island they were all zm reaching a certain point and thea making a very [4a lbp change i dtesioa, When an aninal the sie of a very lage double- decker bus ~ dhe largest fic in the sora makes ‘sudden 90° tra, Has to he fe good season. ‘Avie stele tack tare come inom seal ‘The sharks wed common deparre routes 3000, 4 alter we hn tagged them. They head dae orth {Following a sees of sea fosutes unt they eached ‘That, among other thingy war what The the Galapagor Rit Valley stem. Thue mone i Galapagos Whale. Shark Project was attempting where the dewergence of 90 ocean plates has Co find out, Established to stacy the population of created ari ayatem sar to thal which ons sharks that vss the islands each yen, the primary through casern Afsea. Many reached the margin bm of the research was (0 find ont mose about between he wo plates and ros then turned west ‘vale atk movements on local sale 46 a Conversely, one juvenile Females ack wan sstounding, omerlaying almost pevfealy the nit Sen avi runs west, Ter cleae that she and the ‘ther whale sharks are using geoloteal eatres as out indiestors, jut a motors a, aia Tpiiingy. But how dhe sharks perceive seh features thousands of mecers blow onthe oven Boor ft setnrevaled ‘This kwobved two main proceses. To begin with, ve lt be abe ideas ial sas, We ted a modified version of phew softwazeinkialy {developed for the mapping of sary sl deeprspace ‘ject, This worked) been the characeriic ‘ote spots of he whale shark resemble dhe maa fingerprint is that each pater i indsduallyurique By rig photograpia of the sha sides Cough ‘he solvate, we could characterise the pauerne of [46 spt al gore ue whic ha asic = = “The theons we are working on is sha dhe Baris a rmagactic field reverses its poarcy intermitent ‘over the course of tine, thar suppling a source of Afucctiona information. Paul systems, rift valle ‘ocean trenches and plate margin all mic a disinet Imagnesc sigature that can be seed by whale sharks and other species 93 vital ap, We alko atch tags to the sor to Wack their smanvements. This done by inserting a sal are ‘rough the thick akin into Canty layer beneath ‘wing a pcumte spear gun a then tethering che 18 A There may be a numberof explanasons: the sharks might hve rubbed up agains rocks, or the tgs may have been ripped off by ascited species, sch ae aly shark, tha took chem for prey Having begun witha 1 mee tether, wwe shortened this to 1.3 mete, whidh seemed to be more effective. 1B Afr three months, all dhe sharks that had retained their lage procesded to head south, ‘They comeged on three mountain chains that ran westwards from the edge of Fer’s continental shell There, one by cn, they sed their tags and consinied one destinations unkown © Hwcve, it wou util we overlaid them onto aa map of the sea foo tha we sow that these mowements wore apparendy in respoute to sralgial featres deep in the ocean tht the sharks could’ porahy se. Iebcare clear tht they mst somehow be sing Gals, fares and plate boandares. But how? Reading and Use of English fcr all, the marine eirmment, jn omparion «0 that oa land, has fe apparent points of refrence The waters ate fen muir And the enaeiatn penetration of light ay ‘exten into the upper eels. So how do matine ‘exeatues navigate over Tong dtaners? ‘We undertook one of dhe most ambitious whale shark programmes to dat. ‘The feldwork was tried out inde [Seay sre, “The frequency of trannies fom the tage depended on the Behaviour of the individual sharks Some spent lot of tne on or tea the surface, and their tags reported on a. rogular bass. Others sich athe single mile we azar, spent a great deal ofthe ee diving — fr si ‘weeks we didnt eceive a inl rammision spore atthe same lection at a ter date, or fs diferent locaton, the shark was ‘recapared fon database, which stores photos of whale Sharla kam around the globe, thus providing dels of their movements geographically and 19Test 1 Parts ‘You are going to read an article about employees who do some oral oftheir work from home, For questions 47-56, choose from the sections {A-D). The sections may be chosen more than once, ‘Meck your answers on the separate answer sheet. Inwhich section are the following mentioned? the mistaken view that physical proximity at work automatically ensures (9004 supervision the fact that the proportion of home workers inthe labour force has ot matched expectations the risk of an employer making untessonable demands on a home worker the fact that staff retention increases in fms that encourage home working the duty of fms not to dismiss requests to work at home out of hand ‘one ofthe main obstactes to home working in employers’ minds being the Tear of oss of direct contro! personal ccumstances increasing the likethood of an individual being allowed to work at home the wicer benefts that home working brings tothe community the advisabilty of ensuring that home workers are not putting in ‘excessive hours ‘2 reduction in expenciture on promises as a result of home working 20 | (| (2) (a) (e] (a) (a Reading and Use of English The Rise of Home Working A Whether you call it working ftom heme, telecommuting or home-warkng, i's a growing market. Banks, cll centres, councis, software ‘companies, law fms, PA agencies: al are Increasingly allowing tai stat fo do iat least part-time. Bish Telecom, ine pioneer of pome ‘working i Briain, now hae 65,000 flexible ‘workers, af whom 10,000 do not come int the ‘fice a al, However wire etl along way tom the creams of 25 years ago, which imagines ofces emiying of everyone who dant operate | machine or wield a mop. So how do you get fn the home-working Bandwagon? In some Courts, Iryou have a chile under 18, o 18 they are disabled, in'a sence you have a hess star. Employers Britain ae legally ged at Teast to consider your case it you ask to work flo, and Pat could include working at home for at least part ofthe wook. They must aso ‘conser an application I you af caring fr a ‘Wend or a famly member. But even If none of tose anpy, you a st kly to have a song cuca“ yu can persuade Your company (0 ison, Not only do home workers out down on the ‘eed fo largeofces, they ave often vasty more productive. American studies show a 3010% Increase. Nool Hodson, a key proponent of Nome working, sungesis that ths i at last party down totheremoval ofthe dally commute: amat we found was that most of the tine saved went backento work. The workers valued tei few Mestye and to protect It they dia more ‘work Companis that offer exible working also find Wt easir to tract sta, anc fo Pang on to them. Atri Tlacom, atleast 975 of women ‘who take matey leave come back to work ‘terwards, against anatoral average of about hall that The downtime, the recratimert, the Instruction of each person at a very maderate feetmate woule be. around £10,000. So, not Cnty ae they creating a more socal integrated company in ne with government gudaines, {hey're saving £5-£6m on sil ose. © And there ave bonuses fer society too. Home working encourages a ore civerselabeu force, Irvodveing to the worl of work, sometimes for ‘the fst time, not ust eres but disabled people those who ve fn remote locations. Then theres the eduction pluton and greenhouse gases, So if home working i 60 great, why arent we all doing #7 The issues are human, not technological, says Peter Thomson of the “alevark Assocation For the past 200 years we have been in an eevrenment where people ‘et togetor in the same place to work and a manager stands there and watehes what they ‘do! Go the last Baers are attucinal, but ‘a myth that someone si otal charge of what ‘people do just Because they are ll working In the same locaton, Most managers who are \Womed about this ind of thing are actually holes up thelr ofices and rarely iteract wth their people. Maray turing up 6 @ rally Boor performance ndeator D Mark Thomas runs a PR consultancy whose ‘employees work at home. "We've come up wth ‘measures of performance that ve mare to 40 ‘th what they precice than with desk time. This |S the way forwar' he says, Some managers ‘ue concerned that ther home workers mnt {90 shopping ung the ‘working day’ This oes against the Idea of flexible working since hours shouldnt matter 0 loag a6 the required productiy is thre. The concer stil remains laether some employees wil abuse ths, but the same technology that makes @ posse to scape the office makes i harder to get stay ‘rom your boss, whch surly rue even i you work ih an offee. 8 well known that some ‘anagars insist onintrupting their underings ‘evenings andl weekends with urgent enquirs ‘hat could easly wat So, many of us ae already ‘call 247. However. the great thing about ‘technology is that hasan ‘ff button’ The best employers wil not just expect you to use ft, but wory if you don'. 24Serer ere eee tree eee Sete SET Eee Sea Sees tees tees teas tTas teas tesSrHseraseriseriieelistite Test 1 WRITING (1 hour 30 minutes) Part 4 ‘You must answer this question. Write your answer in 220-260 words in an appropriate sty. 1. Your class has listened toa radio discussion on haw more young people can be encouraged to study science. You have mad the notes below: ‘Ways of encouraging young people to | study science: | + advertising + school programmes | + government grants 5 ‘Some opinions expressed inthe siscussion: "You never see positive images of ‘young scientists on Ty, just pop stars for actors.” "Science lessons should be more practical and fun." “If young people see science as a ‘career, they'll want to study it.” ‘Write an essay discussing two ofthe points your notes. You should explain which way ‘would be more effective in encouraging young people to study science, providing reasons to support your opinion. ‘You may, ityou wish, make use ofthe opinions expressed inthe ciscussion, but you should use your own words as far as possible, 2 Writing Part 2 \White an answer to one of the questions 2-4 inthis part Write your answer in 220-260 words in ‘an appropriate style, 2. Yourecently helped to organise an arts day in your area, promoting local musicians and artists through performances, workshops and exhibitions. You read the article below in a local paper: Local arts day ~ a disappointment Last week's ars day didn't attract many people, had limited appeal to ‘young people and was a waste of council money. ‘You disagree withthe negative opinions expressed by the reporter, and decide to write a letter tothe Editor, explaining why you disagree and saying what you feel was achieved on the day, ‘Write you letter. You do nat need to include postal addresses. 3. Youare.on the Student Commitige at the collage where you study. A year ago, the college ‘gave the Commitee some money to start a student website. The aims of the website were {oinfor students about loca ovonts, #9 pubiiioe colloge clube, and to review product of Intorest to students “The Principal has asked you for a repor explaining whether the website has met its aims and ‘saying why the website should continue to have financial support. ‘nite your report 4 Youare a university student and you want to spend amonth doing work experience at ‘an international company. You decide to vite a letter to the Recruitment Manager atthe ‘company explaining why you want to do work experience there and saying how the company would also benefit ‘ite your totter.Fn Test 1 | Listening LISTENING (approximately 40 minutes) Extract Three: art ‘You hear two friends talking about some research, You wil hear three diferent extracts. For questions 1-8, choose the answer (A, Bor G) which fis best according to what you hear. There are two questions for each extract i eee ene A. Hels doubtul about the methods used, Extract One | 8 Heissursied byte tnengs |G Hei dismissive ofthe concept behing ‘You hear two fiends taking about anew office buiing {6 During the ciscusson, the woman reveals her 1. The woman says that inthe building some peop ae having ificlty ‘A. sympathy towards the subjects ofthe experiments. {8 coping with the new technology B interestin complex human behaviour B adjusting to anew concept of work © admiaton forthe originality of the rsearch © working without clear supervision 2. Shethinks one effect of people moving around the building wil be to |A. promote physical as wel as mental well-being. 1B create a more productive work free, provide usetul contact with other employees. ‘You hear two friends discussing business travel. 3. The woman belioves that in future companies should [A fly only wit ates that have an eco-friendly policy. Bconcentvate on the use of video conferencing, © reduce overal levels of executive travel 4 Theman thinks thatthe prime consideration for transport providers should be ‘A Increasing revenue BB thinking long-term, © creating jobs, 4 25Test 1 Part 2 ‘You wil hear a man called Staven Kane giving a presentation about research into a cargo of childen's path-toys which were lost at sea. or questions 7=14, complete the sentences with a ‘word or short phrase BATH-TOY CARGO (Of the four kinds of bath-toy ost at sea, Steven thinks the 7 had the most surprising colout “The subject Steven was teaching when he frst read about the bath-toys was In Alaska, Steven heard of a lost consignment of |. ‘some of which turned up alongside the bath-toys. Steven discovered thatthe bath-toys are used by scientists known as 40 |in mot research. ‘Steven says thatthe findings obtained by researchers were immediately useful to the 1 Industry. ‘Steven mentions the particular case of a 12 [adversely affected by plastic pollutants in the sea. ‘Steven regarded the factory that he traced in China as the bath-toys! 2 lon his ‘Steven travelied on something called an 4 Journey across the Arti. 26 Listening Part 3 ‘You wil hear part ofan interview in which two scientists called Jessica Conway and Paul Flower are taking about explocation and discovery. For questions 18-20, choose the answer (A, B, C oF D} which its best according to what you hear. 415. Inresponse to the dea that everyting hes already been discovered Jessica emphasises ‘A. the potential fr further marine exploration. B the precision of modem satelite technology. ‘© the inaccuracy of modern mapping techniques. D the number of recent discoveries. 416 Regarcing new species found around underwater craters, Jessica says that ‘A they are being discovered les often these days, B thay are more abundant in certain locations. © itis citficutto estimate possible numbers. D there are problems classifying ther. 117 When asked about geographical discoveries in general, Paul and Jessica agree that scientists need to A. maka regular reassessments oftheir work BB. compare their respective results. © rooognizc their mtatione, promote their findings. 18 What does Paul say about walking where no one has ever walked before? A Itrecharges his tired mind. B_tmakes him feel he's unique ItgWves him a sense of belonging DD Ithelps him forget physical discomfort. 419 When asked about others visting emote areas, Paul A. supports the public's right to experience them, 'B expresses his concern at growing urbanisation, {© suggests it would benef local communities. D catloees the attitude of some tourists 20. InPaul’s view, future generations will ‘A. only need to go online to experience the thril of adventure. B_haveto reduce travel for environmental reasons. © bolessintorested in the concept of exploration. D sill be attracted to isolatad places.F 1 ett | syeating | EAKING (15 minutes) =| [S| [fl fe) | = t J | There are two examiners. One {the interlocutor) conducts the test, providing you with the g | necessary materials and explaining what you have to do. The other examiner (the assessor) is é ea a ee eal || introduced! to you, but then takes a further art in the interaction ef ee ee | qi Bab GG | Part 42 mints) i 4 | Teintrocutor es asks yuan yourpatner aw questions. The nteocutor ass candsates i | froometnfomaton about thst, then dors the scope of he questions by asking 2 i |) about e.g, candidates’ feisure activites, stuckes, travel and daly ife. Cancidates are expected to ae 4 reopen tnintaricutors quesvon and ton o what he Parra has oso, is f, ' to Part2 (a one-minute ‘ong turn’ foreach candidate, pls a 20-second response from 3 g 3 oe the second candidate) 8 BF 5 o.5 ¥ 8 s 8 3a¢é: i ‘eure each given the opportunity to tak for about a minute, and to comment briefly after your a ef ¢ § G 3g Eg perio spoken i a9 2 2 2 3 § 8 | “Theinteriocutor elves youa set of plctures and asks you to tak about them for about one Ec as B pe 8 F Ge minute, Ris portant fo itn cay to the tarts nstutons. Mettoreoat then _ 3 ge fee ge 2 £ asks your pariner a question about your pictures and your partner responds biel e a8 22 § Go 3 § 2 "ou are then gen arco eof pte to look et Yu pre a about hee pictures or « 2/8 Be 3 C ‘about one minute, This time the interlocutor asks you a question about your partner's pictures ee ee ee fedyourespond oy é Z i 3 2h ew Ke Part 9 (4 minutes) g 5 Inti pat ofthe test, you and your parne are asked tak togehecTheintrocto places 3 2 ‘some text prompts on the table between you. This stimulus provides the basis or a discussion, & 3 fe cle ee oe or ‘Theinterlocutor explains what you have to do. ES : i hog i i i 3 i art 4 (5 minutes) 3 Bg 3 & 8 ‘Theinlelacutor as some further questions, which lads fo a more general ascussion of what z Be é you have talked about in Part 3 You may comment on your partners answers you wish. = gE g : i i 5 . fH) deo, EE BE B) ogi oF E rece 2 ae z 3 32 6G i] 3 5 2 EG _ - _-__ . Eg 2 oo g gig 22 4 2 $2 3 Big ¢$ 5 @ 8 & @ 8 8 a\2 84 < 2 © © w ue 28 29Test 2 | READING AND USE OF ENGLISH (1 hour 30 minutes) Part 4 For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A,B, C or D) best fs each gap. Thece is an example at the beginning (0) ‘Mack your answers on the separate answer sheet. Promotion is good for your health ‘A recent study suggests that being promoted isnt just good for your bank (0) wun» It's algo good for your health. Researchers found that these who workin jobe with better promotion (1)... ar 68s likely to develop serous nesses. Spectcaly, those working in departments with Gouble the average promotion (2)... had a twenty percent better chance of escaping serous iness | The researchers (9) ...... into account factors such as family background, pre-existing ‘medical conaitions and educational level (4) ....., they could be confident that the lower occurrences of illness were not simply due to a healthier or more (6)... upbringing, ‘Tne results seem to (6) ...... earlier studies showing that people who win prestigious ‘awards, such as an Oscar or Nobel Prize during thelr career, have a tendency to outlive those who are less fortunate. As the author of the report says, ‘When our findings are put together with the large body of other (7)... literature, there is ile (@) ..... that achieving a higher position at work is good for the health.’ 30 > > > forecasts Anyway privileged caller related hesitation advances rate took Moreover prefered goover combined ‘avestion predictions degree Consequently entitled backup refered reservation Reading and Use of English D prospects D satio D made 1D Admiteaty honoured D leadto incorporated D_ opposition 31a a Test 2 Reading and Use of English Part 2 | Part 3 For questions 17-24, read the text below. Use the word glvan in capitals at the ond of some ofthe lines to form a word that fis inthe gap in the same line, Thee isan example at the beginning 0) ‘write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet. For questions 8-16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only ‘one word in each gap, There is an example at the beginning (0) \itite your anewors IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate anewer sheet, Example: [0 i | | { cxamote: [5] [no | | j Modernising a museum Handwriting ‘The Ashmolean Museum in Oxford, England ~ the world’s oldest university About six months ago, | alised | had (0)... idea what the hanciwrting of a good fiend of rine looked like. We had always communicated by email and text but never by a handwrtton museum — has recently gone through a major (0)... « The architects TRANSFORM. ‘wanted to create a new space that would make the museum one of the letter And it struck me that we are at a moment (9). handvrting seems to be about to vanish world's most important and (17)... cultural showcases. innovate from our lives altogether: (10)... some point in recent years, it stopped (14)... @ necessary and inevitable intermediary between people ~ @ means by (12)... individuals communicate at es ‘The collections in the museum are absolutely (16) .... and cover the STAND with each other, putting lite bit oftheir personaly (9)... the form of the message as: pee eee emt 99 28 YF atu of aan wt, charting the aspiaions of mankind from the ‘ress the ink-beaing point onto the pape. thas started to become just (14)... among man oe ne i. memory "prehistoric ra to the present day. The approach that was adopted as cptions, often considered unattractive and elaborate, based on the iea that (18)... that have shaped our modern societies GIVILISE {id not develop in isolation but were part of a complex iterated world For each of us, the act of putting marks on paper with ink Goes back a8 (98) won 88 We can Every object has a (20)... story to tell, and these are gradually uncovered SIGNIFY remember. Our handwriting, Ike ourselves, saems always to have been there. But now, given through tracing the journey of ideas and influences across time and ‘hat most of us communicate va emai nd text, have We lost (16)... eri tthe human experience? contents People who knew the old museum say it has (2) wu... an amazing GO makeover, The new layout (22)... Poople 0 aopreciate the objects ABLE fully: 6 (9)... f0 everyone, from school children to academic ACCESS sehole, 80 (4)... 10 al thse involved in redesigning tis wonderful CONGRATULATE treasure house. 32 3 33Test 2 Part 4 For questions 25-80, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the frst sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three land six words, including the word glven. Here isan example (0, Example: 0 James would only speak to the head of department alone, on James 10 the head of department alone “The gap can be filed with the words ‘insisted on speaking’, so you wr Example: [0 INSISTED ON SPEAKING ‘write only the missing words IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet. 25. Tne other students don't ming whether you give your presentation on Thursday or Friday. DIFFERENCE 1 the other students whether you give your presentation on ‘Thursday oF Friday. 26 ‘What are you thinking of doing fr the college's centenary celebration?’ the tutor asked the students, ‘The tutor asked the students what for the college's centenary colebration. 27 Dr. Ramest’s colleagues regards him so highly that they forgave his inabilty to remember people's names, HELD Dr Ramesh z byhis colleagues that they forgave his inability to remember people's names Reading and Use of English [As learning new languages had never been a problem for he, Katy didn't expect to have ‘any diffcuties when she went to live abroad. come Learning new languages had 7 any diffculties when she went to lve abroad, her so Katy din’ pect to have | think we owe this passenger an apology, as she was apparently given incorrect train times by our call centre staf. MISINFORMED | think we owe this passenger an apology, as she seems. train times by our call centre stat her party wins the election, which is unkely, shell become President, EVENT Inthe the election, shell become Prosident 35Test 2 Parts You are going to read an extract from a novel. For questions 81-36, choose the answer (A,B, Cor D) which you think fits best according to the text. Mark your answers on the separate answer shest. Howard’s Career as a Palaeontologist Howard became a palacontologit because of aris in interest rates when he wa sb yoars oc His father @ cautious man witha lage morgage an thoughts fussed meray on how tha sconce stuation would affect him, announced that tha proscte holly to Spain was ho longer ease, A hait was rote onthe Engh eons netead aed tu, on adankAogunt aernacn, Howard picked ‘pa coled fssi shel, called an armonit, on the beach He knew fora long tme that he wanted to become a paasontcloglst, and towards the end of his time at unversty ne bucare clea’ as 10 what sorta palaeontalogist he wanted tebe. Me found the focus of is itetest aching frter and further back mn bme. The mare apsctactlar areas were Not {or him, Re eases, tring his back onthe Jurassic, on nosates. He was drawn pateuery tothe beginnings, t0 tat ultmate antiquty where ever/hing is decided, from which, against all odds, we derive. So he sluied deleat creatures revealed onthe surface of Soy Tks, \Work on his doctoral thesis came o a end, and, he knew, possibly a iter one. Would he ot a job? Would get ajabn the cor of nstution no aught? He was ar Kom being wthoxt esteem snc ‘eat tet his potent Was pod, But he knew tat those who Geserve donot sivays get, and ha ‘il the objectives of science mey be pure and uncompromising, the process of apporrtmnt to an fcademic poston isnot When the Assistant Lectureship at Tavistock College mn Loncon came Up, fhe appied at once, though without high nopes, (On ow morning of Howares imtrvew, te profesor wne would char he panel na a row with nis vit. As a concaquance het Rome haste of tion and mnatertion, crave his car vont mo 2 gatepost and ended up inthe Casualty Department of te lool hosp The feniewtook place without im and vatnout te support ne had tended to give to a cancidate wo had been a student on. “The professor wno replace him onthe pane asa hates colleague, whose main concern was to ‘oppose the appointment of his enemy's protege: ho was able fo engineer wiht much dict that Howare got the jo. Howard, surpase atthe evident favorita fem a an he id not kro, a5 fervently grateful unl moni ale, a coleague Kncly enlightened Fim ast tre coect interpretation fof events Howard was only sighy chagenad. It would have been ries to think athe was te ‘btious candidate, or tht he had captvatedthosa present with a ably and personaly” But by ‘hen the only thing hat really mattered was hat he had the od ad that he could suppor meal By ing tho sort of werk ne wanted 10 , He often found himsel contrasting the ory nature of his professional ite ~ where the pursuit of scent truth was concerned, K was possible te plan a course of action and cany aut = with the anarchy of private concerns. Te word tess wih poopie who can detormine the quality of Your ‘exisience, and on occasion some total strangor ean feachn and manipulate the ene naraive, a9 Howard was to fine when his breiase, containing the notes fora lecture he was about to give, was ‘Stolen at an Undergreund station Fuming, Howard retumed tothe college, He made an explanatory phone call and postponed the lecture He rpertea the theo the appropriate autores and ten went for a restorative cof, Ne Joined a coleague who was entertain a wating custor from te Natura Hiiory Museum i Nairob. ‘nd ths twa that Howard learnt of the recnty acquired colecton of fossis as yet uncatalogued ‘nd unidentied, the stody of which would provide im with hie greatest cnalenge and ensue Nis Drofessional future. Bu forthe te, but for that now benevolent stranger. Win ha an hour he Fh dismantled and reassembled his plans. Ha ould not go toa canererosn Stockioim. He would ot spend 2 fortnight taking stugants on a fed bp to Seoland. He wouls pull ut every stop and 4g. Somehow sramble ogee the funds fora vis fo the museum i Nao —_ at Reading and Use of English ‘What is suggested about Howard's father in tha fst paragraph? He'd foreseen a change in the economic oimate. He acted in character when canceling the holiday. He'd never been in favour of holidays abroad, He tended to make decisions spontaneously. com> \hat area of palacontology dic Howard develop a special interest in at university? ‘the earliest ie forms ‘the dating of pieces of evidence ‘the scale of pre-historic creatures the fragile beauty of many fossils vom \What concerned Howard about the chances of geting ajob? [A his lack of work experience B his uncertainty of his own worth © that jobs were not always awarded on merit that jobs in his field ware always in shert supply The result of Howards job interview depended on ‘change of heart by a memer ofthe panel the relative strengths ofthe candidates, the performance ofa favoured candidate, the conflict between two members of stat com> How di Howard fee! when he learnt the truth about his appointment? pleased he would be so well paid unconcerned about why he got the job dismayed at not being the best candidate (grated to think he'd made a good impression com> ‘Over the text as @ whole, the writer suggests thatthe course of Howard's career was determined to alarge extent by fa seties of random coincidences. an interest developed in chiichood. bale in scientific certainties. ‘a mix of hard work and academic success, ooo> 37| Reading and Use of English Tet2 Parte | Wich expert ‘ou ar going to read fur exacts fom onineartiles abou sports pajcegy. For questions |_shares Khan's opinion on why public misconceptions about z '37-40, choose from the extracts A-D. The extracts may be chosen more than once, | sports psychology have occurred? Mac your aneworson the separate neuter shoot | has a lfernt vies rm Khan on whether some paychlonca ae traning Used in team ports hep tothe payers? Sports psychology: a valid discipline? as a diferent view from Rassweller on how the media regard [ 39 psy gy: es sports psychologists? A prtyconn has a difeent opinion fom the other three expers onthe cient state 4 teem gig dicen forse cotng acy sing petommnon cranes | Tee arent opnion kon ec ZI ‘any peopl tink, sity art of satng te ecangl abvaus? Ihave cota san aaron hae te ‘Sjaurase ones are ort be ly cared. Ard cara hs tt spr poyehcalte shoul ste tolnceace he sgnisticon ot nr approachs fo eas, maxing oe ot mer alata carte athe, ‘ete share a peop hous bo eo soeptea. Essential, aporspsjehotagy sok ha le queso anaderg teunaonahle role rare play incacing fm ooo ur spering eat, ha ‘Tering not norperaa to he equalont dogs ino th thts pea anna? ay 8 ape ep Stccenble ein har aa athe beter he emptreuen notes, anes) ten hy anole Tey Spend or vanng it woring 2 hor sen he pyc sce? BSchangirknon “Thee ponte vou, sro ato en a welAnoan cane wth a prominent emer tha pers pyehoogy Is somting for Vang shes th rial goers Te ms no asi nfo! an sens orn Makin fssumptons based on «bid undestandng of psythology and how hs used opted esting FM ‘on of parila expert, outa, rugoy and nockey, thre ens a cule of whet or pejehooait cle "om pajeology’ Tat thee ae usualy neu peat an ee dominetcose) who communicate rrr-scite words of wisdem which cngccusl ot weorstouhy lect everyone, uray to denen (eatin ang rns Tak ox yung eye natant gon eS! ems Tae (gees. mont apes to bang ats horse ard micgucea Bul hs stk cariraat te aly {tinea day peyenlogy reach which based upon igre sdantte mataooges. © Baan 2 Rsewetr esearch ino sports pojchelon If ncreasealy evidence-based, sing the gall strand methacogy of ‘tandontad conta grep seers! Nevoreles, usr the tor ‘aychaogy I ean to poy cffots with ates, especialy thce Ivohed in foam spore, cen be bed an alee and aware a Undorstanding me ls: Peyaniogy oe ss hae become mach mre aeeentane soca, reser het ‘tery amo a pean ike tush te lens Charo’ Cy we ely fo see a payeelog ang et erratting or ier. Thus peo ant vw peyeolopsts, ln tase soe on spore Hammes, leowedpeai and en roving mormon vst eerycay He However th fips et moe pee ‘now someone who sees a cinicalpojhologet tag fra net prob rrocety Hee ac bow a gma atacne io ah protien an so mary penle Pao attaches note oomotane 0 oings eaynoioget ana ay neta he nao ean asp papas ] ‘Ther i tl se dance between research and enaching practice. Sports peychaiogy tat een able to ernon ala Srfcant esearch baal thls zen yur aad by gear expen researchers ‘fen sh ates a an easly dela and banat popuatia Me as apracinng spre pyehobogat Tracanty Soca an ahates coach, whose faction ta promising middle aatanc umeroang’ wn ‘oston one lst ap was to prortea develope a ant fish What he dt adress asthe at at {he aes tte to oeus wraseve’ he got oven Then aga | so wsnessed some basal Soar ig some wrk which] woud rave bes reud on my profstonsl capacly en acceong ana pretieg Sanus and wessnescee, nd also on parorrarce arty. So ins Yay. and some Wants ae Sealy ‘nore nowvedgasie than cars Bt fs not supring a 98 a eR pbc concopns ae cotused on ete 29 38Test 2 Part 7 ‘You are going to read a newspaper aticle about a naw trend in the travel and touriam industry. Sik paragraphs have been removed from the article. Choose trom the paragraphs A-G the one which fits each gap (4146). There is one extra paragraph which you do not needito use, ‘Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. Stargazing in East Africa Jonathan Ford went to Tanzania on an ‘astro-satan’, which combines animel-watching with looking atthe stars. We are gathered abou captive on the dy ge of ‘he Serengeti National Park. fer a long day scanning ‘he sauna fr erates wth ws lw, ts, tbe anes are comforting Nanna an one of these ti, {se the moment al which the ay sts to wind own; when touts compare the aims they've bad ‘he chan of secing ad capturing on, cy age, A natural conmmunicatoy, Howes pomp reasured as that degers in axrophysies are all very sec bt etingege asronony eels on the work Uhowands of amateurs They ve jst ike ws, ba i beter ens and more tence. Bl a Amateur asvonomy i ening & wang of popula are rrnte ele amd the won re ling tclecopes and hiring exper ar guides. Neverthe, ‘when Fist heard about the iden of a “stoic Tar acetic, Wie the whole poi of going © Aca o look avout hyenas ae gael, ater ‘han up at constelatons tha have scarcely changed Sc our ances sre to stn upright? The vocabulary howe, was alluring allen ot js. ebulae ane sypernvae, but globular cuter and ‘Magellan Clouds. Howes continued the ara our sen in dalight hour, Te oo, be ad bro Fim ala seape that yar ino 4 elecope This allows you w lok dc into the un, andi yo re ely ee the hoge‘earonal mass ejections hae spar. fro the surface of ou wey si =] 2 So ic was with conn qua that T fund ys in ‘Tanzania, om one of the fet such sis in Afi, The plan oan simple We would spend four dye traveling through the spectacaar Nevrongoro crter aac! the highlands, before dropping dawn on to the phi, animal watching by day an tangaing hy nigh We ould hit te Serene pins just a8 15 rion illest wese making thee way acre, accompanied by bras aud gules, one of ext Afialy mot tiling sgh i Wie were in hee Nik Hosa scence writer fr the [uopean Space Agency lara to oe aroma 40 In ft, Seeing’ eve ta dhe Serge ~ astronomer: speak or dary —isamong the best inthe weld. Butt ‘as the euexpected spect that cased the greatest delight one esening, great reba teaked acs the ‘hy seeming ope oer ome aye he oh, 46 Appropeate pea, consiering that this i he past cof the work where annd fst hed and loke at the nigh ay Wihin 24 hoary of aniog, the ex ‘our ind hs aking alle hig quetons~ the origins of the univer, why ie stared hee of all pers and che telaive scares of hyenas and steroid It was completely diferent wo siting in Bont ‘of a TV sreen where everything ered more ceri, ‘Stars, unlike lephants and gira, can surely he seen any winter evening tom anyones back aren, And it was doubt that aring ould be learnt om peering through a telescope hat some profesor couldn't get across ona TY programm We mobbed. our guide with Sevfal questions. He ubvugged and laughed. could be > meteor “Vou hive t got tied 1 not knowing ‘That’ the hardest past of the joy’ he sai ie was then [became asareof the point of being bere What was less dear was how our nighttime viewing would go, Our group featured no one ‘who could confidently say what they were Toki atin the ky 50 much depended om he sstonomer accompanying us Indeed, we lent that Nik Seymanck, one of the worlds finest atro-photographers, i 3 London Tbe ebiver by day. Tom Boles, who has dicowered more supernovas than anyone ving, tars ont to be a eulied telecoms engineer eating and Use of English Ef here the banter is not of giafle and thino but of atronenscal term Hike quarks land pances A parcuar conselation af Stars knoen as Leo will be teniag up, lond permiting, Iter that night. Who wll be fake? "We won't be able to see it tl about 5330 in the morning” says our guide, cheery ‘untae by the ides of staying up i dave F My nonchalance didn't stand = chance against this passion an Knowledge. I soon realised ‘har the sky over my London home is a mothe cate fade etn compared wt the lavishly fudded. dome that dominates the wilds of Aliica, This is dur, of couse, 1 the total absence of light paluin, G1 wast sure whether i had been the right decision, even though seeing the animals at clove range was thing, But thea T saw the Carina Nebula, nothing be the faatet of glows to the naked eye but a furnace of thobbing scien posibiity when seen ‘throw he telescope 41Test 2 Parts You are going to read an aricle about scientific interpeetations of modem art. Far questlons 47-86, ‘choose rom the sections (A-D). The sections may be chosen more than ence, Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. {In which section does the writer. mention certain viewers being able to relate to what artists nad in ming? refer toa doubt about the merit of apiece of artwork? highight a need fr artists to strike the right blane? indicate a possible reason for iicuy in reaching a consensus? sate that people may have a shallow ceason forking a ploce of an? suggest that some artists ae aware of how they can satisty the brain? refec ta shift in her oun perception? point out shortcomings ina specs piace of research? ‘mention the possbliy of extending the scope ofan exlating research area? describe a procedure employed in the gathering of some scientific data? 2 @|{#|[e|[a)[e|[e)/elfelfelfs | | Reading and Use of English Ascientific view of modern art Kat Austen investigates scientific research on modem art and why we appreciate it [A Standing in frant of Jackson Poleck’s ‘Summertime: Number 9A one day | vas stuck By ‘trang feeling, What one conelered an aly Colleton of random paint splatters now spoke to me as a joyous colobration of movement and tenargy. Iwas tho Trt time a piace of abstract ‘has sttred my amotions. Uke many, | used to ciemias these wors as a waste of time and ‘enegy, Hom could anyone find mening in what Taoked ike @ coecton of coleutul spledges ‘thrown hapnazaray ata canvas? Yet her | was. London's Tte Modem gallery, moved by Pallci’s Work. So, why are we altracted to paintings and ‘sexlptues tat seem fo bear ne relation to the pryaleal wore? Lito dit know that researchers have already started to vestigate t's question. By studying the brain's responses to siferent paintings, they have been examining tho way the rind parcaves at, and how masterpieces hack ‘he beans vival aster, Stung inthe emarging fled of neuroaesthetics have aeecyoferod insight nto mary mmastorpeces, The biated imagery of paintings Of the Impressionist ora towarts the end of the “otn centiry seems to stimulate 2 part of tho brain wien ie geared towards dotocing threats in ote rather bivry porpheral vision. The came ‘art ofthe brain also plays a crvial ole In cur fealngs and emotions, which might explain why ‘many peopl find these pices so moving. Cou {he eame approach ll us anytring about modern af the defring charactors of wich has bean ‘oremowe most everyting that cou be tery Interested? though such works oten sll for vast sums of money, they have atracted many ‘ceptie, who claim thal modern artists lack the ‘his or competence of the masters before thers. Instead they believe that many people clam tke these works simaly because they are In ‘shen nan attempt to make sense of how we perceve fan, soles have cesgned experiments. that Dy with volunteers’ expectations of the pisces {hay ate viawing, The volntets viewed pars ot pantngs ~ ether ceatons by fameus aosvact Lists or the coool of ans, chimps and fephants. Then they had te judge which thoy ‘hed best. tht of the pavmings were given ‘a captions, while the rest wore laboted. The ‘het was that eomatines the lable were mises {up co at the volurtoers might think they were Sewing 2 chimp's messy brushstrokes, whe ‘hey were actualy seeing an anstact piece by @ famous artist Some sceptics might argue that 's imposaie to tel the offarence, butt each sot ‘of tals, the volunteers generally went forthe work ‘ofthe wall accepted human arists. Somohow i ‘seems thatthe viewer can sense the artist's vison in thace paintings, ven they can't explain why Yt, te experiment cid rot expan how we detect the han! of the human artist. rer the reason why ‘ne partings appl to us But how does the artist hold our attenion wih an image tat bears no eres to enyring in tho real word? Of course, ach artist's unique sive wil speak to US in Siren way, s there can be no sgl answer. DA few studies have tackled the issue of now ope process images, 8 caso in point bend Roper Pepparal’s attempt to understand the ‘way ne del with works wich co nat offer even the merest glimpse of a recognisable object for the brain fo latoh on to, But they may instead Catch our altention through pariculaty wel proportioned composttons that appeal to the Dans visual system. We may also be cravm in by pieces that ht @ spactc point inthe bran's ‘oiity to procace comprex seenes, which. turn, ‘may be why certain ass use a particular level Of deta to ple the bran. According to one ‘eyenoingit i eres 00 Its dtl we nd the ‘Work boring, but too much complesty result ina ‘ind of perceptual everoad 43Test 2 WRITING (1 hour 30 minutes) Part 1 ‘You must answer this question, Write your answer in 220-260 words in an appropriate style st Writing Part 2 \White an answer to ene of the questions 2+ inthis part White your answer in 220-260 words in {an appropriate style, 2 Youread this extact from an arile in an English-language newspaper: 1 Your class has watched a studio ciscussion about factors which have contibuted tothe recent increase in international travel. You have made the notes below: Factors contributing to the increase in international travel: i + methods of anspor - * global business ‘Some opinions expressed in the + media discussion: “ls quicker to tly abroad than to take a train tothe north of my country” "hy company has affces in 12 citferent counties.” "People have developed a ove of ther cultures through TV and fe.” ‘ite an essay for your tutor discussing two of the factor in your notes, You should explain which factor has contributed more tothe increase in international travel, providing reasons to support your opinion. ‘You may, if you wish, make use ofthe opinions expressed in the discussion, but you should use your own words as far as possible, “4 Iclsbecoming more and more unites days 1 see cleo paying outside on bes or kg 2 ‘Seti around The popular ofthe leernet andcomptr gees Paving 3 Negative fect on Cieran's lh fees and oe sil ‘You decide to write letter to the Editor ofthe newspaper explaining your views onthe points raised in the article and ging reasons for your opinions. rite your letter. 2 Yousee the folowing announcement on a music website ‘Musie Festivals Save ms etl rove gent erteranment for the whale amy, while others are aad 3¢ parece [gous cfgwope: Weve nok lor renews rom yo, ovr radars, bout as stl You've ben a Tels how memorable you think te fsa wes for is auserce and make suggestions for how kc could be Improved nfiire. Wel pba the ex Feviens on cut west rite your review. 4. Youattend a collage that has many International students. You fel thatthe college waste ‘3088 not do enough to support naw international students. Yeu docide to wre a proposal to the Callege Principal, explaining how the college website could be improved to help these students In your proposal, outtine what extra information or advice you would include on the website, ‘and explain how this might help international students make the most of their time atthe college rite your propos 45Test 2 Listening LISTENING (approximately 40 minutes) Earact Thee uot) ‘You hear two friends talking about a historical novel they have read. You wil hear three diferent extracts, For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B or G) which fs “Tae woman thinks the novelist manages to best according to what you hear. There are two questions for each extract. 5 wees) A create a credible background. i Extract One B. expioita strong story in, © depict weldrawn characters. You hear a man teling a friend about his holiday 6 Thettiends agree that this historca! nove! A. gives a successtuinsightinto the past provides an escape from the present. © presents a hight subjective view of events. 1 The man thinks the essential component of a holiday is ‘A. physical activity B the opportunity te travel © mental stimulation 2 He teels that one benefit of doing archaeology on holiday's that it ‘A. provides him witn the excitement of discovery. B. adds to the sum af his knowledge, © helps him to be more tolerant. Extract Two ‘You hear two colleagues talking about time management 8. They agree that being late A Isa.growing trend B isadificulthabit to break. © can be amusing when itafects others, 4 Inthe woman's opinion, people who fall to arrive an ime q ‘Aare often completoly unaware ofthe problems they cause. Bgoneraly have a relaxed attitude to If, are putting their career prospects at risk. ie "7Tea? Pon? ‘You wil hear a photographer and TV cameraman called Mike Darby talking about his fe and wrk, For questions 7-44, complete the sentences wth word or short phase. ee OOoeereerm PHOTOGRAPHER AND CAMERAMAN | ‘Mike says that among his older colleagues, 7) rather than photography, was a common degree subjeq While working as a diver ata (8). soos inthe Antari, Mike decided to become a photographs Mike fe's that an aptitude for (8) seesnsnssns 8 the Key Business skiln his work Mike's most recent shoot involved taking pictures fora (10) Mike is proudest of the book calles (11) Inhis most recent TV work as a wife cameraman Mike filmed citferent types of Mo . ein various location Mike uses the word (13) 0 emphasise how his work as a cameraman differs from his book projects ‘Mike advises young photographers to invent (14) {0.g0 with their pictures when they try to sel then Listening Part 3 You will hear part of an interview in which two experts called Kirsten Nest and Anton Best are discussing the idea of what's called ‘information overload’. For questions 15-20, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) whic fts best according to what you hear 15 What aspect of modern life does Anton think Seneca anticipated? ‘A. The fact that intellectuals sometimes reject new ideas. B The fact that an interest in owning books has decreased, © The way that people get distracted by passing trends. 1D. The way that people have become obsessed with the notion of quality. 46 InKirster’s view, the volume of material avalable today ‘A. makes us too reliant on technology. B is far less useful than we think might be. © isnot signifcantly greater thanin the pest. presents a problem which has always existed, 17 How does Anton respond tothe suagestion of doing without much of today's information? ‘A. He feels it might actualy lead to mearingtul progress. He says it woula be betraying the past. G He thinks me solution les in feennological systems. 1D. He would preferto see a reductionin the quantity produced 118. Inciscussing the problem of dealing wit information overload today, the two experts agree that A itis reaching a critical point. Bthemethods used are ineffective. itmakes people communicate less. D the concept of convenience has been lst. 419 Kirsten sees the biggest work-rolatec benefit arising from greater available information as [A the rapid advances in direct feedback. BB the spread of personalised advertising ‘© more worker parcipaton in product development 1D. amarked increase in customer satisfaction. 20. What does Kirsten say dieting made her realise about information? ‘A. restrict your own access toit B only asmall partofit is ever accurate © only bother ult t when you realy have to D be highly selective when faced with alot oftTest 2 Part 4 i 3 F i 8 é g ‘You wil hear five short ex TASK TWO ist (AH) what each For questions 26-90, choose f speaker gained as a re it AH teach speaker's main reason for doing the cours. of doing the course, ten youmust complete both tasks. White you 3 3 2 2 z a [ consere [J ¢ + Speaker 1 B to explore anew subject, caso [al icant financial rewards © to keep up with developments speakers [2a] © the 3 : 5 — 8 4 2 Speaker 3 D toenhance existing abilities poses sees [ [5] nce to gain a footho nt employer E to impress a cu spesters [ [30] F te creation of a new company 26 Speaker 5 F to ind effective ways to support others a period of r-agjustment H the development ofa specific product Speaking SPEAKING (15 minutes) ‘There are two examiners. One (he interiocutor} conducts the test, providing you withthe necessary materials and explaining what you have to do. The ather examiner the assessor Is i introduced to you, but than takes no further part in th interaction. i Part 4 (2 minutes) ‘Theinteriooutor fst asks you and your partna afew questions. Theinterlacutor asks candidates for some information about themselves, then widens the scope of the questions by asking about ¢.g. candidates’ leisure activites, studies, travel and dally fe. Candidates are expected to respond tothe interecutor’s questions and sten to what ther partner has to say Part 2 (acne-minute ‘long turn’ for each candidate, plus 2 80-second response from the second candidate) ‘ou are each given the opportunity to tlk for about @ minute, and to comment brisfy after your ' partner has spoken, The interlocutor gives you a set of pictures and asks you to talk about them for about one ‘minute, tt is important to listen caretlly tothe interlocutor’ instructions. The interlocutor then ‘asks your partner a question about your pictures and your partner responds Briefy. ‘You are then given another set of pictures to look at. Your partner talks about these pictures for about one minute. This ime the interlocutor asks you a question about your partner's pictures and you respone briefly, Part 3 (4 minutes) Inthis part ofthe test, you and your partner are asked to tak together Theinterlocutor places some text prompts on the table between you. Ths stimulus provides the basis fora discussion. Theintertocutor explains what you have to do. Part 4 (5 minutes) ‘The interlocutor asks some frthar questions, which leads to @ more general dcussion of what you have talked about in Part 3, You may comment on your partners answers if you wish, H. to noroase the possiblies of employmentTest 3 READING AND USE OF ENGLISH (1 hour 30 minutes) Part For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A,B, C or D) best fs each gap, There fs an example al the beginning (0). Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet, Example: OA aspect B pat C element D factor i ‘The Japanese Bobtail Cats have been (0} Of the lives of human beings for thousands of years. One interesting breed which fascinates scientists is the Japanese Bobtall - a domestic nat with an unusual ‘bobbed tail more (1) ...... resembling the tal of a rabbit than that of ‘other cats. The breed has been known in Japan for centuries, and it features (2) in folklore. in many traditions, cats are frequently (3)... of fear and mistrust but in Japanese stories the Bobtail tends to be (4)... a8 & ForC8 fOr (B) nn. The image of « Bobtail seated with one paw raised is considered a lucky charm, But how did the Bobtail (6) ...... its short tal? One legend tells of a sleeping cat whose long tail (7)... fire. In a panic, it tore through the town, spreading flames everywhere, ‘As a result, the then emperor declared that all cats should have their tails cut short as a (8)....... Measure, Science, however, has a ess ‘romantic’ explanation based on genetics. early prominently products assumed right ‘come by took defensive sinilary cebviously articles portrayed virtue getat caught restctive accurately appreciably objects exposed good hiton et proventative Reading and > se of English closely significantly elements disclosed truth g0for seized conectiveTest 3 Part 2 For questions $16, read the tex! below and think of the word wiich best fits each gap. Use only ‘one Word in esch gap. There is an example atthe beginning (0) \nite your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet, eC Work experience abroad Every year thousands (0)... young people in various counties do short periods of work in ‘other countries (9)... the time they leave school and start university, Typically these involve helping in schools or hospitals, or on conservation projects. The experience the young people gain willbe of great benefit in thet lives. (10)... @ personal point af view t gives them a sense of Independence and confidence. It may also help them with their long-term career. ‘There are many organisations that tun work experiance programmes. (11) ..... stich company 's Global Volunteers, (12)... spokesperson Mary Cooper comments: (18)... than being {an extended holiday, our placements involve learning o (14... responsiilty for themselves. ‘Young people should push themselves out of thelr comfort zones and do (18) ... productive Doing a placement wil add value to a CV, helping young people to (16)... oUt from the crowd int b market, Some employers look favourabiy on students who have the iniative and drive to.complete one. 4 t Reading and Use of English Part 3 For questions 17-24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals atthe end of some of the lines to form a word that fs inthe Gap In the same line. Ther ls an example at the beginning 0) IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet tlel (Be Wirt your answer ApTalPlT]Ale The significance of hairstyles Hai isthe most easily (0)... pat of the human body and also one of ADAPT tho most (17)... The fst Barbers appeared in ancient Greece, when DISTINCT short hair became a sign of social status. Simiarty, South American Inca chiefs had their har short; in contrast, the hal of tht citizens got (18) PROGRESS. Jonger the futher down the social chain they were. Barbers prospered inthe days ofthe Roman Empire, unt they were expelld rom Rome, when it was iscovered how much they earned Women have abvays reflect fashion through ther hairstyles, sometimes 20t2 (19) a. 15th-century Europe, woren would pluck he har trom DRAMA the front oftheir heads in (20)... of beauty, Three centuries later the PURSUE fashion was for huge halves that made (21)... forthe hadesser NEED to cimb a small adder. The maintenance needed to (22)... these shies SURE looked good was enormous. Today in our more eral world, very file is socially (29)... ith egerd to hairstyles and technology has been ACCEPT BENEFIT enormously 24)... In reducing the time we spend on our hatePart 4 For questions 25-90, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning tothe frst, sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and six words, including the werd! given, Here isan exemple (0), Example: 0 James would only speak to the head of department alone on James to the head of department alone The gap can be filed with the words “insisted on speaking’, 80 you write Example: [0 | [IsisTe0 ON SPEAKING Write only rmissing words IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet 25. The constant publ tention on famous people must have an effect on them, eve Constantly ‘must have an affect on famous people. 26 Tris buicing would be deal for our now office except that there are no parking tcities nearby FROM ‘This busing would be ideal for our new office ‘aciltes nearby. of parking 27 t's only because of the qualiy ofthe lead singer's voice that people listen tothe album, WoRTH I's the quaity ofthe lead singer's voice that to | | | | Reading and Use of English 28 Thehotel wasn't just far rom the sea, it was expensive too. ‘only Not way from the sea, it was expensive too, 28. Jenny folt she had stayed too long at the party. HIGH Jenny ft it the party, 90 Hannah's essay doesn't have a clear enough explanation ofthe main point to be awarded top marks, CLEARLY Hannah's essay doesn't tobe awarded top mars.Test 3 Part 5 ‘You are going to read a newspaper article about research into @ chemical. For questions 31-26 choose the ansiver (A, B, C oF D) which you think tits best according to the tex. Mack your answers on the separate answer sheet. Oxytocin Oliver Burkemsn asks the US academic Paul Zak about his research alled oxytocin, which has an important role in our ives. aul 2k ongwnad among his coleanues fortwo things he does cancel soon ar mating ps talking them nto Raving needles stuck into ther eres (o draw blood | ecape ow encanta’ unguncture. but Dey curt wing of cour. Zale werk fas va racing ood fom, sro eam cole on the wena dar. ole hehe be dag, a rnp Pao Naw ron Dea opm 0a chemical seg ino ae ee ou a Zs ge et (rare dace, we exoatnartal specie guon rafal oxytocn boos behave Mors Goveousy om ‘Nonavetacpnaion nw suas Siesoenel atone Pho csbisde Sok even seco? ‘arin goose’ a gros ase “ Ts aforemontoned wecdlag tok place at = Hassan England, whee ak st up he eign rma to {alet oa. He ook sume, ble ana atthe cee, tthe eta and gary, ae wero goss, 416 tes rstored i pte oe brn, Thu he crn eit down pace cena Rete ec he obs ncm, lowes by oe fy ary hn a crc ed reason to gve any money baer as now tsk shoul ery nie a ace, Fwaver as pres mssuch withthe ico an tie et up that ajay of pope Sen mona. he sn nger erage ob pp an cre Zaks sao te cxconin taper occas {© porsen Ae avg apn ats "anor peso Seng on termcsng Ueto morses, noting hve gers beh Fete Sree res ane i amy ene So Mie ne tea ee ane stere ner eyed Sate het Seems ea wee Cn te ots hand, what o stop car dealers, so, pungieg oxo ino shovroars? Zak waves the alter ’siay ts try hart got onaugh anyon mls he looser Sie oncin Ca be stud ae ‘ye to seve ator peopoe agendas, br yr aaa dang tat hy Sa yay ck ey have bbs Bente yoo pot org aes foment sa a om Seems fo saa oxytocin epee, urdreing he spun! hat hing tet aman ere oma. ppoar, th body erocaass s meecto 58 at Reading and Use of English \What does the writer suggest about Paul Zak inthe frst paragraph? > He provokes mixed feelings in people. B He understands that aggression can sometimes be useful © He cen adapt himselt 10a varoty of situations. D_ Hes capable of being very persuasive. ‘What does ‘spoils refer to in line 18? A. equipment B samples © guests D results ‘What is the writer's purpose inthe fourth paragraph? > to make a counterargument B to inroduce a new concept © to-summarise an idea D_ toexpand on a point \What does the writer say about Zak's Trust Game experiments? ‘They demonstrate the importance of money in human relations. Their artfcilty means that what they tal us is of limited valve. “The results challenge conventional notions of human behaviour “They were constructed ina way that was clever and innovative, pour ‘What does the writer suggest inthe sixth por “The potential exploitation of oxytocin should be given serious consideration. Zak's experimental methods are the object of some mistrust Further work is needed to define exactly what oxytocin i, ‘Science cannot be free of ethical considerations com> How does Zak regard the idea of deliberately manipulating oxytocin? ‘A He doubts whether i's ever going to be feasible. B__ He worries about possible commercial misuse. © He advocates wider use of readily available means, D_ He feels is outside his area of expertise. 9Test 3 Part6 You ate going to read four extracts from online articles about childhood, For questions 37-40, ‘choose from the extracts AD, The extracts may be chosen mace than once. Mark your answers on the separate anawer sheet, The Changing Face of Childhood in the USA A Mary Granger Parents offen complain that chithocd today saems diferent to what was when they were young ~ when a free day meant thay ran crete out the door after breaklast and payed unt twit. Sut tay are somata hhypocrcal, because any of today’s Better of chicken seem to nave less te for such unstructized play 235 oy face an unfortunate mass of paent-oganise’ things to-kaep kde busy’ that might ince karate lessons, toring or ball, Parents are increasnaly urwling to let Pek offspring play outside. As a recut chicren are more protactes than ever beote. A generation ago chen wart eyeing on tha own, went on Dublic transport alone, took responsibitty Tor themseves. Some experts avagost that th whole nature ot Parenting was cere; tha! Iwas much less hande-on and move trusting ofthe cl, B. Max Poenbaum ‘The interaction between the child and the catwsl enuronment provides an authorlelnaming experience based on sensory absorption and investigation, but cheanpears wth ta passing of ehidhood. Ten edt cognitive reasoning gradually takes over 2s the word Is san in a move objective or scianiie way. At the ration between chichood and adulthood, young people can fea in danger ef having nothing stele to hold to, caught atwaen tha pene of clehaod that as Boon lat goof andthe trapeze of owing we ot yet writin his er her grasp. Now parents must become a safety nat ata time when the young parson fools natwraly ansous and insecure. But these days, parents sre struggling against the slow creep ofan Increasiny commercial and sexuotised culture anc behaviour That very culture, which i 2 righty Bie for proverting younger chilean fram being chcren also undermines the parenting ofocnagers © John P. Ondorenko Its coar that young chieren have a special afity forthe great outdoors that i connected to thee development and thelr ways of knowing ard leaning. Tiss @unigue and unrepeatabo ay that starts te fade durng tho teenage yours, Evon so, today's teenagers are une praaure to group before they are ‘ready, Coby culture, aut-yle clothes and musi videos are at guy of encouraging them to act oer than they are. As 2 result they are aif na sea of csatlaton In particular they care le about school performance nd social obedienes than sverbetre.On the fis ais the are much moe tokark and avare 6 stnial issues and alse more eaing regarding the futur ofthe plant, A common adolescent complaint Is of ever-increasing boredom, an yet chiaren today have no reason to be Bored, pat asthe number of formal, exra-currcularactvtieaavalabo to them precedente D_ Steven Zataria Once the pre-twen years are gone, paris have a mor aloof adolescent who ls more reluctant to be touche, ‘whe woul ator spar time wi fens, who fos to od to ay sth parents who fs embarrassed by ther pub company. whois mere private an less frtncamng, and wha seems 1 cout thar disapprol rough Salberat eisance ard oppostion. The pattern a stareard on and always has been, as any peychologet wil tel you. Teenagers may tink they ae fly Independent, Feral son ac, but parents must be therefor them, takg a back sat intervening lees than botor, but ready to Isten and guide when eallad upon. Ext patenting s becoming nereasingly complex. The irsacingly commercial ard! sexusised world we ve ‘means that chicren are mssing ou ona proper chidhood. The soliton is cary not ta keep een why Innocent unl they are acts, but we Rave su reached he pon whee some regulatory protection is requed, 60 rt Reading and Use of English Which expert has a similar view to Poenbaum on how long people's instinctive relationship with nature lasts? expresses a simiar opinion to Zafara on what the role af a parent should bbe regarding teenage children? has @ diferent view from the others on whether children are growing up too fast? ‘expresses a diferent opinion from Ondorenko onthe value of planned activites for children? ‘Test 3 Part 7 You ate going to read an extra Paragraphs have been removed from the extrac. Choose from the paragraphs A-G the o from a newspaper article about traveling In Poland. Six rich fits each gap (41-46). There is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use. Mark your answere on the separate answer sheet, Before Google ... the alternative travel guide to Poland Vicky Baker takes social networking back to its roots by resurracting a trave project in Poland trom the early 19906, “Tam gringo take you to ay eens si, He's i ‘ays Jar, my uno guide to Krakény in one of ui biggest understtements of the trp. He Teadk me go an od cottage, It looks ndined, but then we ate greeted by a man with hie grey beard and shepakin watt Tooks ikea ageing pop stat, Outside there's a wer setre-high carved toe pole and the renaits of 4 bonfire ar sil burning «| As 9 cou rufer {am used co finding golden fing about this connection that it came a aller T tied reeonstact tour pj 25, in many ways, the precursor to modem vetwerking Back in the 1980s, US-born Jim Haynes, a renowned supporter of alternative ars, had a ies. Conwiced thatthe bes tel experiences come fom the pele you meet, he umes goal he would march inguisive aellers with gracious hows by ‘cresting an alernatve {uidebook, in a conntry he lowed, Pond: Ppl Pople Gay hit the booketeves in 1991 (at ] Thea personal ares book, The cover plice of 1 ought you the contact details of 1,000 strange & = bythe idea of taking misern networking tuck to iter, | wondered whet, many ears 2 Inter Jim's hosts would sil be wiling to greet an snioown visitor fom overseas, But fis 1 would hve to track them daw, At fire I planned co comununicate only by post ri sent several eters before realising 1 lacked the patience. Feeling a lle gully, T opted for the DIstoetury slton: searching forthe names cn the Internet Many ware dead ends others simply hover responded But gradually people did come forward and I received rious lighly stunned spl Belore lous 1 had meting ar Irak al Gane, (=) _ [46 i Tim charmed by Krakiw and relucant to leave Wiadek, who proves to be excellent compny, and the cae, but T sleady live my next meeting seranged a I0-howr tain ride swat, Clas with ite immaculately “renovated buildings and ile Toutiques is leary 9 world away Irom the city itwarin the 1960 T have arranged to met kite surfing enthsiat Marne at a restaurant there, Puond: Pople t Pople ives on i sce, 1 kao in ‘willbe deighed : A Pee eee ing the idea live a book back thet was ot hunckeds of laters netwolf 2 challenge ee rough his aleady extenshe ends and placed small ad in various Posh abdication B My new aoqusiance has hazy metneres af the people he met throngh the hook, bat sys he enjoy the company of iors a they are and speals of how lie has eanged © What ftlons is on you to another and another Before long we've se ‘rai’ artsic oommuniy ‘ff on a tour D That wes ener sl than dane, Det were ssc; just contact detale and a very short profile “Ilse it Krakine and Pam a man of Krak eal ane rther unl entry E F Reading and Use of English Sunday at Jim 3 the ap Tis Pie home, I as Hk pe capsule and fom that moment I knew shat I The next moming is the occasion of my fmpromprn adventure widh Janel, an arte fond afer contacting var neal galleries, He ives eve fr dinner aoe even nd he igi my sen in 1969 to inhi 1k my fist time in Pn andl the former & Uunderiably impresve, The pictures squire it Hoe with Renissnex bingy, Uiey sueet als and gol ears waiting to take toursTest 3 Part 8 ‘You are going to read four 600K reviews. For questions 47458, choose fram the sections (A-D), The sections may be chosen more than once. ‘Merk your answers on the separate answer sheot Of which book are the following stated? It presents complicated material in manageable chunks of data, “The book failed to sustain the reviewer’ Interest throughout Readers ar et to draw ther own conclusions about some of the books material its author sought expert advice on certain aspects ofthe book ‘Te book is both instructive and vsualy appeating. It looks both backwards and fonwardsin time. Its author etfetvely brings together diferent fields of study. Itoffes a selective, rather than comprehensive, coverage of its topic. Itis possible to feo! a sense of involvement with the subject matter ‘The tex isa skiful mixture of data and personal comment. 64 50 a Reading and Use of English NATURE BOOKS A. WHY ELEPHANTS HAVE BIG EARS by Chris Lavers: ‘Chis Lavere has sot out to produce a book that sts ly between serious seholarri [ne 1 2 eener lecturer rime ecology) and the need to satisfy ‘he inquisitive pesterings of cron. Why re ants ‘so aml? Why can a bat fy anda sew not? Ard ‘of course, why do slaphants ave big ears? The Sewer Is no shocker = reatires have wreractes Wet thei habitats to evoWNe into the extraordinary forme they possess today, Buk once this parce le established, the book loses some offs charm. The Booles most succesetu! gedtiors. oe wher we travel tough the Jurassic and Cretaceous Deviode of prehistory to look at how nature mace fe primal decsone: hich species would fly ano teh would swim, which reatures woul be warm tr cold-blooded? Laver argues that is here we fin the tum answers to our questions today and Principles to safely predict ou futur. B ORIGINS: The Evolution of Continents, Oceans and Lite by Ron Redfern Shorted forthe BP Natural Weld Book Pio, Chigins comprises panoramas and a wide-ranging. 4 fresh Interpretation ‘of the Earih's fascinating fvoluton. The landscape photogrsphs were shot fealy forthe Bank alot the autor nimsat, ‘ter consutatin with eacing scents to ind the featon of the bostknown examples of various forms and processes. The writer manages toredce the mast compins thecnes to dgestble ruggers oF =ormation, The ext is an enteaining narrate ‘hat successtuly weaves recent and aneert story wit seenee, Origins 1s a Reavywaignt work In more way than one: a a test fr the lage of any Cates tab and as a detnive que to our panels froluton. fia for egularciping ios much 3 fr n-dopthvterence, G_ EARTH ODYSSEY by Mark Hertsgaard Wored about the effacts of our expanding opustion on mo word's rescues, Mar Fertegoard took 2 word tour to ee for Nmsat hw bac things rely were. Earth Oayssoy fs the Cuminstion ef seven years’ work, ating. which ime he vieked 19 countnes. To ead isto shadow hin on hie tour and to observe the condition Of the planet throug the eyee of the peop he met slong te way" thar Ining condone, thor personal struggles and lumps. He does nt ty t2 Dfler Ns own opinions ater ne lets us aks Ou fon minds up. Hersgaard cleverly intreaves his ‘Sbservatons th eartaly gathered evienee ashe Seeks to answer questo abaut our enuronment. te takes un though the ndustal and ager revoluion, then back tothe ongin ofthe human Species, to see f the past can provide any answers ‘Xtnough the answors we war to hearst uneasily vat) the facts, Hertsgaard presents. an elegant Dora of the human species, ful of character ‘ignty, peranvarance and strength. He leaves you with a trong convtion tha i uitimetaly a race short sang, THE VIKING ATLAS OF EVOLUTION by Roger Osbourne my are‘there no penguins inthe Arc, or polar bears in Antaciea? “How i it that camels ad Tamas are 20 closly related, yl they Ive $0 fer apart? The answers come downto the Tact that Sroltlon takes place accorting to geoaraphical Tecaton a wel as tm. Using photographs, supo-o HWstratione. and more than’ 100 maps showing dsinoutions of organems, migrations, tertores fnd biogeographic regions, the ass grapheaty highligh the impact geography as had on the {velopment of Hs on Earth h chats the ongins, froluion and spread of plants, repties, ies find mammals werwide, also vestiges the way people have altered tho worls they Ive in, from the intoducton of exotic species so tage tooaystems tothe cestuction of habits and tho omesteston of wid species. The accompanying texte high Ineraive. The atlas doesnot review the evolution af every ‘important ie form on he plane. Rather, it chooses severl case studies fo highignt the evolutionary process In aiferng ‘eogranhoa! settings. 65Test 3 WRITING (1 hour 30 minutes) Part 1 You must answer this question. Write your answer in 220-260 words in an appropriate style 1) Younave istened 10 aradio discussion programme about how to motivate children to do regular exercise. You have made the notes below: ‘Ways of motivating children to do regular exercise: + parental example | == ‘government funding | Some opinions expressed in the discussion: school inant | “if sports facilities were cheaper, more people would use them. “Sport in schools is too compettive. should be fun for everyone, Write an essay for your tutor discussing two ofthe ways in your notes. You should explain which way is more effective in motivating children to do regular exercise and provide reasons to support your opinion. You may, it you wish, make use of the opinions expressed in the discussion, but you should use your own words as fr as possible, 66 - Writing Part2 ‘Write an answer to one of the questions 2-4 in this part. Write your answer in 220-260 words in an appropriate sive. 2 You are studying at an international college an you recently allended a careers day organised by the college to hela students prepare for work. The event inckided information about how to identity suitable jobs, workshops on wating effactivejob applications, and advice on how to cdo well in interviews, “The College Principal has asked you to write @ report evaluating to what extent the event was, successful and making recommendations fornext year's event Wilte your report. 3 You receiv this etter ram a flend who is planning to study abroad: Tim rot ure aba gang to sy abrond ayers How will meee popl nd find somehare thet And Tim wordt wortsunderstard my lessons Maybe not the right thng fer mee al! You decide to mite to your frend giving your opinion and offering advice. ‘nite your letter 4 Yousee the following announcement ona travel website: Outdoor Activity Holidays Ifyou Seen onan outdoor act holy ten wed love to bar fom you. Maybe you were horse ding Fcc cbing sr wincurng for cumple, Wete revi fr oue webs evar de locacor hoes | Sea acon and explanng wy you would oF wats recommend eto eter haya. tee ‘ite your review.LISTENING (approximately 40 minute Part 1 ‘You will hear tree diferent extracts. For quastions 1-8, choose the answer (A, Bor ©) which fts bbest according to what you hear. There are wo questions for each extract. Extract One | You hear two people discussing climate change, 1. How did the man feel ater watching a TV debate on the subject? AA alarmed by the strength of feeling among the speakers B dismayed by some ofthe speakers’ level of knowledge © surprised by the number of speakers taking part 2 The woman thinks that articles about cllmate change should A. bowaiten by scientists. include some humour © be authenticated by specialists, aes “eu nar wo pts taking partin a dlscusion programme abut an aerobatics er in _ Lr CL (© worried about the number of haurs he has to putin 4 What does the woman think about the forthcoming warld championships? A. She has confidence inthe ability of cartain team members. BB She's convinced thatthe team will do better than last year She suspects that plots have been given unrealistic targets Listening ‘You hear two fiends talking about onine book reviews. 5 The woman reveals her boli that A. webstes should monitor contributions. B reading such eviews i a waste of time. © those who write reviews are unscrupulous. 6 How does tne man think he benefits tom wring online reviews? A Itallows himo share his opinions. sin writing skis, B Itgives him pract © ttmakes him read the books more closely. 6Test 3 Part2 ‘You wil hear a student, called Greg Pritchard, talking about his gap year tp to Attic. For questions 7-14, complete the sentences with a word or short phrase, GAP YEAR TRIP Greg says thatthe Kruger National Park is home tothe largest population of - E Tin South Africa. Grog was surprised that so many people chose to study I [8 outing the frst week ofthe tp (On Greg's research project, he was responsible for recording the Ir —_ Fa. [8 |orthe crococties sighted. fee ‘Greg learned that 40 | wit be fitted to some large crocodies In future. [44 |to eat Grog was pleased that ha managed to find some! ‘when he went on a wilderness trail ===. Greg describes himself as becoming more 42 | curing the third wok of his trp. oui he out wee Costa] ns vitage school 14 | wit ical vilagers taught him ‘most about thelr culture Greg thinks that sharing 7 Listening Part 3 You wal hear part of an interview with two board game enthusiasts called Sarah Walters and Ed Zander about the renewed popularity of traitional board games. For questions 18-20, choose the answer (A, B, G or D) which fits best accocting to what you heat. 418 Sarah thinks boars games are becoming more popular partly A asaconsequence oftheir basic simpli B _asareaction to the dominance of technology. © because they mitroraready popular gaming activites. D__bacause people are constantly searching for new hobbies. 18 Ed thinks game playing will grow inthis century A asaresultof people having more leisuretime. B —_asaway of enhancing personal relationships —_asameans of coping with increasingly stressful ves, 1D _asarellection of fundamental changes taking piace in society. 47 nSarah’s opinion, what is the main attraction of board games? ‘A the challenges they pose to payers B _thetnernorias they evoke of the past © theenvironment in which they take place the compstiive element in the way they are played 418 When acked if board-gaming is a world-wide phenomenon, Ed A explains a vend whichis kel to chan B_ighights the importance of advertising and marketing. © mentions the huge variety of games avalabe global emphasises the ciferences that exist between parts ofthe worl. 19 Sarah soae the Game of the Year award as A auseful marketing to! B_exucial asa way of promoting variety. © important in keeping consumers informed. Da positive development for younger players 20 When talking about their own collections of board games, Ed and Sarah agree that ‘some ar likly to prove an investment. ‘many are beautifully manufactured, collectors eomelimes regret their purchases. throwing games away isnt advisable, com>Test 3 Part4 ing abcut having more than one job at a hear fve short extracts in which people are You TASK TWO TASK ONE ‘26-20, choose from the ist (A-H) the unexpected For quest For questions 21-26, choose trom the list (AH) why ‘each speaker took on more than on ‘one job that each speaker refers to, ‘of having more eb, While you fisten you must complete both tasks. A. becoming well-known locally A. to avoid potential monotony speaker [| 2 B working with a famous name a Speaker 1 B to widen usetul contacts 7 Speaker 2 Z| © receiving a special assignment Speaker? | | 22 tedation © toppay for accom starting a personal relationship [es D_tocenhance promotion prospects creating @ new fashion E toleave a dull workplace Ez Speaker 4 F to ind a sence of satisfaction Speakers G achieving tue celebrity status Speakers G to seek a diferent direction H. running a successful business yea long-held ambition Speaking SPEAKING (15 minutes) ‘There.are two examines. One the interlocutor) conducts the test, providing you with the necessary materials and explaining what you have to do, The other examiner the assessor is introduced to you, but then takes no further part inthe interaction, Part 4 (2 minutes) “Theintelocutor frst asks you and your partner afew questions. Theinteracutar asks candidates for some information about themeelves, then widens the scope ofthe questions by asking about e.g, candidates’ leisure activites, studies, travel and dally life. Candidates are expected to respond to the inerlocutors questions an listen to what their partner has to 5 Part2 (a one-minute ‘long turn’ for each candidate, plus a 30-second response from the second candidat) ‘ou are each given the opportunity to talk for about a minute, and to comment briefly after your partner has spoken, The interlocutor gives you a set of pictures and asks you to tak about them for about one minute, iis important to listen careuly to the interlocutor’ instructions. Theinterlocutor then ks your partner a question about your pictures and your partner responds briefly, ‘You are then given another set of pictures to look at. Your partner talks about these pictures {or about ene minute, Thistime the interlocutor asks you a question about your partner's pictures and you respond briety Part 3 (¢ minutes) In this part of the test, you and your pariner are asked to tak together The interlocutor places some text prompts on the table between you. This stimulus provides the bass fora discussion. Thelnteriocutor explains what you have to do. Part 4 (S minutes) ‘The interdocutor asks some futher questions, which leads to a more general discussion of what you have talked about in Part 3. You may comment on your partners answersif you wish.Test 4 READING AND USE OF ENGLISH (1 hour 30 minutes) Part1 For questions 1-8, reac the text below and decice which answer (A,B, C or) best fits each gap. ‘Thera is an example atthe boginning 0) Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. Example: © A.assessment B account © expression estimate Dressing for success ‘Whether you like it oF not, when you go for a job interview your personal appearance will be judged as an (0)... of who you are. Just from looking at you, the interviewer wit start (1) «0 an opinion about your capabilities, your attitude to work and how well you might (2)... their organisation. The right image fs one that helps the interviewer (8)... YOU fas one of their eam and (4) ...-« them that you could represent their company. So, find ‘out about the company dress code prior to the interview, or see how people ave dressed (on their corporate website, However, even if you (5) sn. the image right, it may not (6) .....« be remarked on. The interviewer will just sense that you ‘look right’, and feel (7) ...... to being convinced that you are the right person for the job, But it you get it wrong, it can be very dificult to (@) evs the negative impression you may already have made. shaping putup with visualise put significantly open overtake making settle down to reflect clans got necessary free overthrow creating sitin with obearve encourages hit appropriately alert overdo Reading and Use of English D- foxming D lveupto Dforesee D_ supporis D sot D strictly D aware D overcomeTest 4 Part 2 For questions 8-16, read the text below and think ofthe word which best fis each gap. Use only ‘ene word in each gap. There isan example atthe beginning (0) \Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer shest Reading and Use of Eglish Part 3 For questions 17-24, rea the text below Use the word given in capitals et the end of some ofthe lines to form a word that fis in the gap in the same line, There is an example atthe beginning (0) ‘white your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet. Example: [ Ife How technology is helping people to talk The term ‘eye-gaze technology’ may (0)... mean much to mest people, but it can be ite Changing for anyone suffering rom a severe speech problem. (8)... been invited to try one: such hi-tech communication aid, | find (10)... sitting staring at a computer screen, AS a Journalist, this is nothing new for me (14)... for the fact tha this screen features a red dot tracks the movement of my ayes, | star by looking at eter from an on-sevean keyboard. Hownver, Lenuld, (12). I wanted te, select alternative screens (13)... UP of vocabulary and expressions, which, for experienced Users, would (14)... doubt speed things up. The letter or word I've selected pops Up atthe top of the sereen, and! stowiy | build up my message. More speed would be goad as this lent a fast way to communicate, (18)... with the ad of predictive text Alter (16)... ems lke a long time, my phrase ‘this s an amazing machine's complete. | stare atthe phrase and it comes back to mein a synthesised voice example: [o)(> [els [rlelelaltelIy] [1 ‘Two sleeps per night Sometimes we wake up the mile ofthe right and ty () 1 Rado DESPAIR ‘get back to sleep, but instead we spend a really (17)... night tossing and COMFORT turning until moming. This stuston could be (8)... of astesstul week, SYMPTOM but could also be because ofa sleep pattern we have inherited. Research shows that our ancestors, rather than enjoying an (19)... perod of sleep INTERRUPT at right, had two sleeps broken up by some time awake. ‘The eight-hours-a-right pattern that has become almost (20)... to ESSENCE modern humans has only been (21)... in industalised countries since CUSTOM the 19th century. Then (22)... electricity was introduced, which resulted AFFORD In a division between night and day that became (29)... blured. What PROGRESS had unt then been daytime activites could now be enjoyed a darkness, and as a result, we went to bed later. We were therefore more fired, and this (24)... us to sleep through the night. However, sciantists beliove that, ABLE suboonsolousiy, some people may sill folow the old patterns and have a lengthy period of wakefuiness curing the nightTest 4 Part 4 For questions 25-80, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the frst sentence, using the word given. De not change the word given. You must use between three and six words, including the word given. Here is an exampl (0), Example: (0 James would only speak to the head of department alone, on tothe head of. James fepartment alone. ‘The gap can be filed with the words ‘insisted on speaking’, so you writ: Example: [0 || sI6TE0 ON SPEAKS \Write only the missing words IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer she 25 Do you mind if John joins us for the meeting? To Do youhave Us forthe meeting? 28 Dan abandoned his studies at university because he was RESULTED Dan's nis tudliee at univer 27 As soon asthe tennis players went onto the cour, it started raining, Hap Ne ‘onto the court thant started raining, 28 30 Reading and Use of English We'llhave to postpone the mestng unt next week, as @ lot of people are on leave,'the ‘manager sai oFF “The manager said the meeting Until the folowing week, as alot ‘of people were on leave, ‘As vsiblty was getting worse and worse, Bob and Jane had to cut short thet saling trip. sur As visilty was geting worse and worse, Sob and Jane had cut short thet sling trip, Pease tick this bof you don't want ust inform you about future events RATHER Please tck this box ityou ‘sent any information about future aventeTest 4 Part § ‘You are going to read an article about aval, For questions 31-26, choose the answer (A,B, C oF D) ushich you think fits best according tothe text Mark your answers on the separate answer shest SEEING THE WORLD “The tas lta, and I got nervous. Once atthe alrport I'm thzown ini th harsh igh of Tenia 8, sunning with my suilcaco eo | can wat ina fong secur Ino. My belt bucks sts off the metal btoctor and my afrsnave is coniscated. By ru you ean probably guess the porcine ofthis very Banal story my faght has Oven canceled dus to bad weather Il be stuck aro for the nest 21 minutes, ny only consolation 2 plase cup of cafes andthe predictay tasteless sancich Then | Ui miss my connecting ight ancl wal, na derent ty, with the sams menu for anotnar plana I's hot the fying | mind ~ wil stays be aed by the physics tna gets a Tat metal Beda the sky. The Fast of he journey, however tl inoably ee Tike a epressingtasan in tai of modernity rom tho pre-davn Xray seooning to the sad arport mala pedeing ruRbley Sas So why do we travel? Sometimes ite becousa wa have to, but most travel lant non-negotiable Un recent years only 3086 of ps over 100 klonsres wore mado for business) Instead we (ave because we want ta, because the annoyances are cutwalghed by the hal af being someplace Now. Because we need a vacalion. Because work stesiu. Because homes borin. cause New York is New York Travel, nother words, sa basic human desire, Wo're a migratory spaces. But he's my {questions this eotective ug to travel sl = warthhta compulsion? Ors ke the fast fo ay ‘Gods: one ofthese nstints we sno have ast alan te ag? ‘The good news is that pleasure is nt the only advantage of travel. n fact, several rew ecience n'a plane: if we want to experence the psychological benels of travel, then sve have fo rethink lay we do An Engishman, for exam, might ake 8 short breakin Pare so a2 nota think about ‘hose roubles he leaving bahng. But Hare’ the twist that tours fs sctually mos ely to coe 1s stutarmestprosiems wie sing na sytch Parson eat. Our thoughts are contained by th familar, and witha neariiite rumbor of things Yo Pink about, our bran sperle Most of tne Choosing whatnot fo notice. AS 9 result, Imagination Is raed for elcieey. Putting some space betwen you ang home. howevet makes saser fo eee somthing new n be ld he mundeh (rasped fam a slghtly more abstract perpective, So whi contemplating some deicious French Basty, wo shoudl be muling ovee thoes domestic les we just cart soe ‘And that Isnt the only psychological park of travel. Recently researchers at business echoals in Frange an the USA have reported that students vino nad ived abroad ware 20% mere ily to 0 2 classi experiment, known 38 the Candle Task, than students who had never Bved outside tel firs county inthis faa, suets bre gan a cana, a cardboard nox containing drawing prs ac) somo matches, They are toi to atach the candi to pecs ol corkboara.on a wall go tat can bam rope and no eax drips on othe floor Near 90% Ot peopl eter ty opin the cand eect 1 ‘he board, or mat wth the matches so that stcKs tothe boars Nath s¥alogy works. Only asin ‘mney of subjects como up wit the solution, wien vlvesatacring tha candi tthe cardocard ‘bon wth wax and then pining the box tothe board. According to he researchro, te experce of anchor culture gues Us tho open-mindecness to reales that a sngle thing can have mule ‘earings. Consider the act of leaving foad onthe plate: some Orertal cours vs © 800n as a mplment. a algal that the host hts proved encugh fo eat, But many Western counties the ‘Same et 3 subtle insu an incletin thatthe food wasnt good enough to rsh. Seon cultural Contrasts mean tat seasoned travellers are alive to smbiguly, se mee ving to atcoegt that here fr dare (and equal val} way of ntrertng the word 80 at 38 35 Reading and Use of English ‘What is the writer’ attude towards fying inthe fst paragraph? A He is frustrated by the inefficiencies of air travel, He's surprised by the poor standard of sirport facts. Hes anxious for the fight to be over as soon as possible, 1D. He is resigned to the teclousness of the airpor experience. ‘The writer mentions business tripe to make the point that, > relatively few people travel out of necessity, B relatively fr journeys are taken for pleasure © the majority of people travel without a valid reason to do so. D__ the majority of journeys are made for the same few reasons. What does the writer recommend in the thid paragraph? > having @holiday so as to take a rest from everyday worries going as far away as possible rather than spending holidays at home © taking full advantage ofthe cultural experiences that travel can offer D traveling in order to gain criginal insights into familar stations According to the writer, recent ‘Candle Task’ results suggest a lik between ving abroad and A practical sis. 1B mental flexibly © determination to solve probleme. 1D confidence in one's own resourcefulness. ‘The writer mentions leaving food on one's plate in order to highlight |A_ the dffieuties travellers face when interpreting cultural conventions 1B the importance of behaving naturally in citferent contexts © the wide variation in levels of politeness across the world. the efect of exposure to forsign infuences. What would be a suitable subtle fr this article? How to understand the mentality of diferent cultures How to avercome the more incanvenient aspects of travel How distance and diference can boost our creative thinking How other places can change the way we perceive ourselves voo> 81Test 4 Parté ‘You are going to read four reviews of a book entitled Why Transiation Matters. For questions 37-40, choose from the reviews AeD. Tha reviews may be chosen more than once, ‘Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. Why translation matters Four reviewers give ther opinions on translator Edith Grossman's book about her profession. A InWiny Translation Mattre, Grossman discusses a numberof complex issues. Is a ranslaton merely ‘reflection na clouded looky lass that wil never ior the tue orginal? translator marly 2 Soptisteated ta), a human machrw soon tobe replaced by computer program” She answers these and many other questions wih a jyicalelaquencethats gracetul and npg nthe process, we ae fiso shown detalas examples of her slutions fo Krcty problams; here we 20 her joy in eiscovery land doing, the best reasons for pura a tue vocation, Such evar Gre Indispensabie, because 2 che rightly save, "Tansation fe a srange cat, goneraly appreciated by wer, undervalued by pubienes, trvialivod by the academic worl, and practically ignored by reviewers" And yet, whee erature exists, warslaion sts and its a good thing tha these issues shouldbe explored 1B Books by translator ae fw and far between Tis short book was orga ivan asa seri of tree invert loctures, and the ploys of @eciue let dou the wrker rhetorical questions, academe Jargon. Grossman's nest theleng about aniston, ana her best defence of tensa, vil be reflnctod inher tranaations homseve. ison the rare occasons that she focuses on overcoming the ‘chalenges that her era tows up thatthe book becomes more pleasurable to read. She vats her frustration on the reaoey, ant somo of sis certain justia: arsatrs ask or very tbe = sly bo ead Ince nthe cultural detata, understood ~ yet almost variably fal tobe given the crest they are due, Tarslaton, lori that & soems a technical mate's actualy aything bu I's 8 mode ‘feading so sympathetic and creative that he outcome is whaly orignal (© There isa theory that all language is a form of ransiaon that we speak in oder to tensa th Uueroumn ina tha known, the fon-vebal no the verbal Edeh Grossman craw upon this theory in her book, ay suggesting, | beleve, that the translation of IRerary work fom ane language Int Another Involves mich the same creative process as that which provoked the oignaing auth, anc the end product terefore stands alone, Ar arich carat, sho fe eminently wel-qualiea to speck on Dehal of ear translators everyivhere, Nevertheless, tho oe of th wanslatoris undoubtedly one of the most unappreciated and unacknowlecged the wore of erature, Grossman's beauty crated ‘book caus tention fo this and may help to adress the problem. I's accassbia to the layperson and shouldbe requred easing onal unweraty Kerture courses, 1D Yiny Tanaation Mater by Edth Grossman is based on tvs lectures she gave at a university in the US. As an expert in ner fla, she has won several awards and would seem to have every reason fo feel secure, not serene. It seems appropriate, hertore, that sho should dove entire pages to ‘itising publaners and reviewers, in partcar, fr fang to ve translators the respect they deserve However emal-minded theve comments may lack on the page, they do form a significant part of ‘Grossmars overall agument. whichis that trate and transition are absolutly separate’ anc thus the translators engaged inthe very same acbiy ae her author. and ig do0d, a urtr hosel The wansiato’s vraon ofthe tax, she maintains sto be consigered an origina, to. Gressman's ‘approach ie non-Peoratcal, as sho ranges dscusivaly over the usual concerns raised by (ciel lteran translation inthe utimatey charming Ht book ‘Which reviewer ‘expresses a diferent opinion from reviewer A regarding how wall the Book is written? ‘shares reviewer B's view on whether a translation can be considered to b ew workin is own right? has a different view from the others on Gressman's complaints ‘about attitudes to translators? shares reviewer A's view of the way Grossman describes how she deals with difcuties when translating books? sading and Use of English 83Test 4 Part7 You are going to read part of a review of a book about grass. Six paragraphs have been removed ‘rom the article. Choose from the paragraphs A-G the ene which fits each gap (41—8). There is ‘one extra paragraph wich you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet, The Story of Grass John Garey reviews The Forglvaness of Nature; The Story of Grass by Graham Harvey There & mo dang te radi nporaee of Grae Harveys eiage Hic tra ure arco the ra specs tery ut athe pero i ene sk ace to enc wl wih wel earbon cempoune, The eng ing erp retin [a This adam streaming practice receed © bow inthe [a0 coma won tat dct wer tce rer hs te iy tecomer ogee aor i ste a erates n he erry anda halt 1850, gain de ted animal pret doobed becatne of the Coe seven lin pepe tthe inde revohton pared population got i ey rns seabed fate, plogh up thelr pacar nd turn ther es ino various Mle of cereal ooocuur, wih Sle Ful of singe cope. Tse ned eae appaionn of ‘hence aii ye, The High vel of ata Seon Thee ed 84 cf aial an ind. Goering enka wih aca Sew hy sipped, produsng mous a [4 Is Harvey’ view Bi ha a borate mean of mag ny Bo th tpn the pocket of the gota inst, ard laying wate te countryside fe the joces, The tore fhidy The Haropese Unies como pabry oer aot cleape hie eteion Teh 7 trio mined fcr sinc ervey sve ory Beh se sage ry the Asia pri gaan wt ts Ag the beo gra and te vila ane ween Eat with mo wadding of ely The ane Aen Sete be (7 cary orto me ree pres and Tali hn evr ict lth ci hey ere ton delete cyt spain vate ba hh ep ut Te san ete gee al the pies ghd wp rb ese Biase | and potcides and the government spends mons of thal on iriguon, Ite 8 depo pice which inion the ry aro he Ade, es awe toe dove witht erlber A Bi tnt jas instotons tha near Harvey's anger, the pasing out of gras has alo ompounded the greenhouse elect. Grands take carbon from the atmosphere and lock it safely in the si. They are far more fees this Gham tropical rain Rne, ane pontends that a reuen to gras hwcbandry would cruclly lleaate. global Is presence sa result of the clearing of forest, Tnnd to make ws for crops and pasture. While many deplore this development it i the end resi ofthe need to supply cheap oo With this system, cate graze on fs consisting just of gras, known as pastures ‘Ales four years there are ploughed up and. planted with food crops. At the fame time, other feds on the same farm will now have been exhausted by food production, so they ate returned to pasture Reading and Use of English D The rowk is depresingly predictable — all these substances damage the sol and destoy is will, fom microorganisms up to eartvorms, insets and small mammals, The landscape ils sent Farming of this Bind ix now vitally oblate in the county largely because farm subsidies surage farmers ti abandon crup rotation tuued on graze and to rely on chemical ferlisers instead F At fit, yields of these oops ree hage, dwwing on organic matter in the topeil fsccumnlated over centuries But in the next S30 years, they fell by three-quarters, Then the 1090 when the ‘bred scl erally blew aay. G This pacar species spread with fighting speed in the 200h cenery. By 1984, the total area of wpeciewsch Country was just 3% of what it had been in 930, aad the destruction is continuing eo the 85Test 4 Parts You are going to read an article in which five peop! questions 47-86, choose from the books (A-E). Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet Which person ‘suggests that archaeology has a unique appeal? describes how mutually supportive archaeologists tend to be? crticises people wo advise against studying archaeology’? points out the economic contribution that archaeology can make? welcomes the media profile that archaeology now has? points out that jobs in archasology can often be short-term? ‘emphasises the commitment some archaeology students feel towards their subject? ‘mentions the value ofan archaeological perspective on wide Issues? believes archaeologists often overlook job opportunities that exist forthem? ‘mentions the appeal of studying a subject with a practical side to It? 86 talk about careers in archaeology. For z] ting and Use of English Careers in archaeology A. Jack Stone from The Archaeological ‘Association “The vst of archasology on TV and in the press has increased enormously In recent years. Whether this makes tan atractve career, given an economic imate in which young peosle uncersandeDyy favour jobs wih goed salaries ~ not common In arehaeology~ i debatable, But general's Pad 3 Pestive impact. Many archagologsts are hired by Smal compan to work on excavations: theae obs are ofen interesting but dr’ tan to last more than {few months ata tne. Thon, there ae those who work for government organisations, caring fo the ‘storia! endronment. These bs are mare stable, but thee are fewer of them. Some poopie stay on at Urweraity doing researen and fesching, and others {do muscu wert In my expevtonce, moet people 90 into arenacology wt that feet emi onthe ground B__Dr Paul Simpson, university lecturer Is pce wat thay soe on firm and Tv, But many people assume that sichaeoingy equals gang big oles. Wree the 1s obviously an sepact of fur work, the Duk of what we do nowadays |S lab-besed. Fow uriversiy programmes cover the ‘guna arenacoiogy coos, Spanning scenees ana human, i requ al corte of exis, and my ‘department atleast, we teach everthing For human ‘raltion to the industria revekstion. The number of People wanting to study sronasoigy Is regrettably Ssmall~ try relative to history for oxample. Pott stllee party expan ths, but i's alsa down to ‘isguided schoolteachers saying, Why not choose ase suboct Ike business?" Perhaps they forge ite perfectly feasibe to study archasclogy an then falcceed in an urvlated career. Having sald tis, ha the fnallyearstodents in my deparment slay in archaeology, and tend to be absesche about it There's someting about teling stores based on evidence you've escovered ~ ane knowing that You hadn't discovered no-one would have ~ that anna be experienced in anyother Fal © Victoria Walker, postgraduate student Vm asaarching Inks between Roman chitsation ‘and Ireland 2,000 years ago, which I realise non archaeologists might think somovhat obscu. | havo a fantastic bunch of academies and students backing me up and there's @ temendous senso 2 being Init together. I's 2 challenging discipline, and one that because of the feiowere paricusrly Suuts & hands-on person like me. Arcnaooiogy’s Wwordertul even you end up doing a completely ferent kind of jo, With hindsight, 1 now soe that the undergraduate course's as much about learning how 1 do things tat can be used in other areas of liek how to gather an interpret evisance a is bout archasology eat, D_ Mark Anderson, field archaeologist uy company excavates sos bear bg constuction projets Ike roads and shopping cones gets fn them, Some remains cate Back many thos of years thars a couple of centres: thay might be ati, temples, smal houses r even jus ancien farmland. Over the years, however, Ive worked evtensivety on wetand ses tke marahes ana ver stuaes. Tas means | have urusual expertise and fm in comand for gga nuh locations, Much of ur Works practical, but we ao use imagiration to foure out what the try Fragments we aig up might roman, Thi, fee is someting historians, wt her fscoess to masses of evidence, tend to mis out en has far greater problems to solve than investigating how ancient people Ived. ifs Mard to argue with ths, but our toubed globe Is run by people seeking ‘ule, short-term solutions, and a deeper, anger Understanding of humanity's Netoy, dered tor sechaeoiogy, would surely enhance thor thinking E Tina Gray, musoum manager Even at university | vas always Toe storested in tne torstieal de of thing than holps to promote his business interests BB involwes les work than collating donations hasn't generated the anticipated level of income. has changed his attitude towards his own contributlons. 148 When Daniela won @ major prize for har werk, she was most pleased by 'A_the,ecognition she received from other photographers. B the publicity given to an environmental disaster © theplace where the picture was exhibited. D the financial reward that accompanied it 49 Daniela says she wants her photographs to ‘generate an emotional response. reach as wide a public as possible. bring about a change in people's behaviour show that beauty occurs in the most unlikely places. voa> 20 Alan and Daniela agree that aspiring wide photographers should Consult with leading authorities. cehoasa a narrow field to specialise in. be highly critical oF thei own work. aim to gain a wide range of experience. voor 93Test 4 Part4 94 ive short extracts in which professional writers ar talking about their work W hea You TASK TWO TASK ONE For questions 26-80, choose from the For questions 21-26, choose from the lst (A-H) what made each speaker choose writing as a career. ‘advice each speaker would give to new writers. ‘While you listen you must complete both tasks. A gnore setbacks, A alove of words B Pian a work before starting Ba desi for control smates [fj conte | J speaker3 [| = ae 4 f¢ bog ad eg 5 Fe Ps gid 2 8 # a a6: : & oo w wo (8) fs] [&) [e 6 $ BS i _ Bp bg #8 $3 bE & BE as oo wow retaly H Revise your work: H an interest in others Speaking SPEAKING (15 minutes) ‘There are two examiners. One ithe interlocutor) conducts the test, providlng you withthe necessary materials and explaining wnat you have to do, The ather examiner the assessor is introduced to you, but then takes no further part in te interaction. Part 4 (2 minutes) ‘The interlocutor frst asks you and your partner a few questions. The interlocutor asks candicates. for some information about themselves, then widans the scope ofthe questions by asking about 9. candidates’ loisure activites, studies, travel and daly fe. Candidates are expected to respond tothe interocutor's questions and listen to what their partner has to say Part 2 (a one-minute ‘long turn’ for each candidate, plus a 30-second response from the second candidate) You are each given the opportunity to talk for about a minute, and to comment brit after your partner has spoken, ‘Tha interlocutor gives you a set of plotures and asks you to talk about them for about one minute. tis important to listen carefully tothe interlocutor’ instructions. The interlocutor then ‘asks your partner a question about your pitures and your partner responds biel, ‘You are then given another set of pictues to look at. Your parr talks about these pictures for bout one minute. Tis time the interlocutor asks you a question about your partne's plotures and yourespond brie Part 3 (4 minutes) In this part ofthe test, you and your partner are asked to talk together. The interlocutor places @ ‘some text prompts on the table between you. This stimulus provides the basi for a discussion, ‘The interlocutor explains what you have todo, Part 4 (6 minutes) ‘The interlocutor asks some futher questions, which leads to a more general discussion of what you have talkeé about in Par3, You may comment on your partner's answers ifyou wish,Frames for the Speaking Test Test 1 ‘Note: In the examination, chece will be both an assessor and an interlocutor inthe exam, ‘The visual material for Test 1 appears on pages C1 and C2 (Part 2} and C3 {Pare 3) Part 1 2.minutes (3 minutes for groups of three} Interocutor: Good morning ry colleague, -noonlevening. My name is and this is [And your names ate? Can T have your mark sheets, please? Thank you. Fist ofall we'd lke to know something about you. Select one or two questions and ask cardidatesin tur as ‘appropriate. 1 Where are you from? What do you do hereithere? * How long have you been studying English? ‘= Whar do yon enjoy most about learning English? Selec one or more questions for each candidate, as appropriate ‘Are you the kind of person who can do two things at onc + How do you usually le ro spend your free time? ‘ Are you planning to do any courses in the neae furuce? * If you could go anywhere in the world, where would you go? (Why?) + Do you use social networking sites a lot? (Why? / Why not?) bat would your ideal job be? .. (Why * Do you like to give yourself aims rargers? (Why / Why nor?) + Would you enjoy preparing food for a large number of people? 96 Frames forthe Speaking test Part 2 4 minutes (6 minutes for groups of tree} Unusual sports Making a call, Interlocutor: Candidate A. Candidate B: Interlocutor: Candidate Bs Interlocutor Candidate A: Interlocstor: In this part ofthe rest, I'm going to give each of you three pictures Fd like you to talk about two of or own for about minute, and also to answer a question briefly about your partner's pictures. (Candidate A), is your turn fest, Here are your pictures. They show people doing differene sports to the candid Indicate the pictures om pas: Tr like you to compare two of the picrures, and say why these sports have hecome popular, and what motivates peopl to take them up, All ight? (1 ominute) Thank you, (Candidate B), which spore do you think requires the most skill? ove (Why? [Approximately 30 seconds| Thank you, Now; (Candidate By, here are your picraes. They show people ‘making calls in different places. Indicate the pictures om page C2 to the candidates, I'd like you ro compare two of che pictures, and say why the people right be making calls in these places, and how difficult the calls, might be to make. All ight? [1 inate} ‘Thank you. (Candidate 4), in which situation do you think the phone is most, important to the person? sr (Why?) [Approximately 30 seconds| Thank yoPart 4 minutes (6 minutes for groups of theee) Part 4 5 minutes (8 minutes for groups of three) World issues Part 3 Incerlocutor: Candidates: Inteslocutor Candidates: Part 4 Interlocutor: Test 2 Note: inthe examination, there will be both there will be both an assessor and an i ‘The visual material for Test 2 appeaes on pages C4 and C5 {Part and Os (Pare 3), Part 1 2 minutes {3 minutes for groups of theee) Imerlocwtos Goo moringaenoonévenig. My ame is and thisis ‘Now, Pi like you to talk about something rogether for about two minutes (3 minutes for groups of thee). And your names are? Can Ihave your mark sheets, please? Hire are some issues that concern people around the world and a {question for you to discuss Ftst you have some rinte to Look at the task, Indicate the text prompts on C3 to the candidates. ‘Now, talk to each other about why these issues are important fo people around the world today, [2 minutes (3 minutes for groups of ‘Thank you. Firs of all we'd like to know something about you. appropriate, : '* Where are you from? f * What do you do here/there? i ¢ How long have you been suing What do yo enjoy most abou arg agli? 1 groupe Thank you. Now you have about a minute (2 minutes if tbrecl to decile which two istucs are che most urgent to address [1 minute (2 minutes for groups of three] Select one or more questions for each candidate, as approps *+ Are you the kind of person who can do two things at ance? “Thank yom iow do you usualy lke to spend Your fre es { Ateyou planing odo any courses nthe nen fae? _ _ ‘* Ifyou could go anywhere in the world, wt \ 7 Use the following questions, im order, as Select any of the following hee ne hevntin te fal Select ay ofthe fou + Do you use social networking sites a lo 2 2 f pts. as appropri £ What would your lea job be ve (Whyaj nn. WY MOP + How important do you think itis for people | Pen gs sve tens Hee import sblems that afer peoples | Whee do you sik ther countries? .. (Why? / Why not?) Do you agree? Some people say that itis better to solve: fow about you (Why Why not a + Would you eioy preparing fod for ange number of people? problems in our ova countries before = — thinking about world problems. What do you thik? + What do you think is the best way to bring world issues £0 people's attention? ... (Why? / Why no Bo you think that ordinary individuals can help solve bie, international problems? ..n. (Why? / Why 1 Is it important to donate money to international charities? (Why? / Why not?) Some people belive that certain global problems are too big to Tolve and that it's t0 late ro try. What do you think? end of the test. ‘Thank you. That isPart 2 4 minutes (6 minutes for of three) coups “Thsiling moments Discussions Inteslocutor: Candidate A: Candidate B Interlocutor Candidate B: Interlocutor: ‘Candidate A: Interlocutor: isp of etn ging ao he tre SF rrrtC—ss—SsesE= (Condit A, your Ss Here ate your pets. They \sepeople experi theing momen ndidates. Indicate the pictures om page C# 10 the ¢ Allright? 1 minute Thank you: {Candidate B), which experience do you think would be the most memorable? .~.- (Why? Approximately 30 seconds} ‘Thank you. Now, (Candidate B), here ate your pictures. They show people discussing things in different situations. Inet epicure on page 3 0 he candidates ; he irs and say why she pele esa casos and wha he reas ft {houston mit be [s minute) Thank you, (Candidate A), which discussion do you think would be the most 2 (Why?) [Approximately 30 seconds Thank you, Frames for the Speaking test Part 4 minutes (6 minutes for groups of three) Part 4 5 minutes (8 minutes for groups of three) Things that annoy us Part 3 Interlocutor: Now, like you to rk about something together for about ewo minutes (3 minutes for groups of three) Here are some things chat annoy a lot of people ancl a question for you ro discuss. First you have some rime to look at the task Indicate the text prompts on C6 ta the candidat. Now tall to each other about why these different things might annoy people Candidates: 2 minutes (3 minutes for groups of three) Inverlocutor: ‘Thank you. Now you have about a minuce (2 minutes for groups of three) to decide which ofthese things would have the effect on peoples lives. t Candidates: [1 suinute (2 minutes for growps of three t Thank you. Part 4 Interlocutor: Use tbe following questions, in order, as ‘appropriate: Select ay ofthe following rompis, as appropriate + Whar do you think? * Do you agree? j + How about you? ‘+ Why do you think some people lose their temper more often than others? Do you think the pace of life today makes it_| ‘more likely for people co lose their temper? (Why? Why not?) People say that getting angry can sometimes hhave a positive outcome. What's your opinion? ‘ Do you think ‘anger management” courses can be a good ide (Why? / Why not?) Is italways better to show your feelings rather than hide them? Why? / Why nor? Do you think we become less tolerant of ober people's [ bbehaviour as we get older? .... Why? / Why nov?) Thank you. That is the end of the testTest3 Not: Part 1 Interlocutor: she examination, visual material for Test 3 appears on page C7 and C8 (Pare 2} and C9 (Patt 3). 2 minutes (3 minutes for groups of three) Good momning/afternoon/evening, My name is and this s ry colleague, ‘And your names ate? Can I have your mark sheets, please? Thank you. First of all we'd like ro know something about you. Select ane or two questions and ask candidates in turn as ‘appropriate 4 Where are you from: + What do you do herethere? + How long have you bees stadying Englis * What do you enjoy most about learning English? come or more questions for each candidate, as appropriate Sele Are you the kind of person who can do two things ar once? + Hlow do you usually ike to spend your free time? + Are you planning to do any courses in the near futur 1 Ifyou could go anywhere in the world, where would you go? (Why: + Do you nse social networking sites a lor? + What would your ideal job be? (Why?) + Do you like to give yourself aims or targets? (Why J Why not?) + Would you enjoy prepating food for a large number of people? (Why? FWhy not?) thece will be both an assessor and an interlocutor inthe exam, The Workplaces Ierlocutor: Part 2. 4 minutes (6 minutes for groups of thzee) Being creative In this par ofthe test, going to give each of you tn alike ou talk sbout ono of em on our oe Be abe minute, and also o1 a and als co ansie a question rity abou your partner's pictures. P - (Candidate A), t's your tum fst, Here ace your Show people being cea in ferentsiaations Indicate the pictures on page C7 to the candidates. All right? 1 mene ‘Thank you. (Candidate B), which person do you think has to con (Condit By you think bi reentrate the UApproximately 30 seconds| Thank you. Non, (Candidate B) hee are your pictures. They show peop working in different places. ® oh . Indicate the pictures om page CS to the candidates. i ' ‘like you to compare tw ofthe pictures, and say why the soph tight enjoy working in thee diferent places, and what ical spaheiy vo laces, and what dificules Al sight? minute] Thank you (Candllate A), which place do you think would be the most f stressful t0 Work in? ve (Why?) ' UApproximately 30 seconds| Thank you.Part 3 4 minutes (6 minutes for groups of three) Part 4 mninutes (8 minutes for groups of three) Favironmental issues Parts Interlocutor: Candidates: Candidates: Interlocutor: Part 4 Interlocator: Now, Pike you to talk about something together for about two minutes (3 minutes for groups of three), Hire are some environmental issues that affect people’ lives today finda quetion for you to discuss, First you have sometime to look atthe task Indicate the text prompts on C9 to the candidates Now, talk to each other about how these different environmental jssues impact on peopl’ lives today. [2 mninutes (3 mites for groups of three "Thank you. Now you have about a minute (2 minutes for groups of the) to decide which issue might be the easiest to deal with (1 minute (2 minztes for groups of three] Thank you. Use the following questions, inorder as sppropmiate + Do you feel that people are fall aware of he environmental problems we face these Saya (hy? Why woe) «Some people say that it won't be possible sever any environmental damage done so far Whats you Vewe + Do you agt + Do you think it'.a good idea o encourage children ro cyele from an early age? vos (Why? Why not?) + Do you think it would be a good idea to reward people for the famount of rubbish they recycle... (Why? / Why not?) «+ Charities raise a lot of money for the environment. How helpful ‘do you think this Fundraising i? ... (Why? / Why not?) + Some people say we should only ive for today and not be ‘oneemned about the future, Do you agree? .. (Why? / Why not?) ‘Thank you. That isthe end of the test. | © How abour you? Select any ofthe following prompts, as appropriate: © What do you think? | Test 4 Interlocutor Note: In the examination, there will be bo The visual material for Part 1 2 minutes (3 minutes for groups of three) Good mosningfafternoonlevening, My name is my colleague, And your names ate? Can I have your mark sheets, please? Thank you, Firs of all we'd like to know something about you. appropriate. . (Why / Why not?) : (Why? /Why no?) Frames for the Speaking test . fh an assessor and an interlocutor in the exam. Test 4 appears on pages C10 and C11 (Part 2) and C1? (Pare 3),Part 2. 4 minutes (6 minutes for groups of three) Being careful Competitions Interlocutor: Candidate A: Interlocutor: Candidate B: Interlocutor: Candidate B: interlocutor: Candidate A: Interlocutor: ree pictures. 1 tip of he em ging ov each of ore es Yes otaywer guesuon bil sbowt Your acne’ pictures 7 (Candidate A) its your turn frst, Here are your pictures. They Show people being eareful indifferent situations. 10 to the candidates. Indicate the pictures om pae eee reesei tee tren stunows ad what mig Happen if they made a mistake Allsighe {1 minute Thank yo (Candidate B), in which si to be careful... {Why?) [Approximately 30 seconds| Thank you. Now, (Candidate B), here are your pictures. They show people in different competitions Indicate the pictures on page C11 to the candidates. ation do you think it is most important 3 people might co to compare two ofthe pictures, nd say why the peop have cotred these compaiions, a Bow they might be feling al igh? (tint Thank you ss - (Candidate 4), in which situation do you think winaing is {important tothe people? .... (Why?) [Approximately 30 secon Thank you. Part 4 Part Candidates: Interlocutoe Candidates: Interlocutor: Part 4 Interlocutor Part3 4 minutes (6 minutes 5 minutes (8 minutes for groups of theee) A heatthy life Interlocutor Frames forthe Speaking test ‘groups of three) Now, I'd like you to talk about something together for about two minutes (3 msimutes for groups of three) Here are some things which can all contribute to a healthy life and «question for you to discuss. First you have some time to look at the task, Indicate the text prompts om C12 to the candidates. ‘Now, talk 0 each other about how these diferent things can contibute 10 a healthy lif, [2 minutes (3 minutes for groups of three) Thank you. Now you have about a minute (2 minutes for groups of three} to decide which ofthese things can benefit people the UL minute (2 minutes for groups of tree) Thank you [soeaayojmejatoams] Selec any of the following ‘ Ue th flling weston sn orderas | popeestnprgae™ | appropriate: What do you think? 2 Do you agree? | 4 | © How about you? " + Some people believe we should just enjoy ourselves and not worry about our health What do yon think? Do you think healthcare should be freely available to everybody? (Why?) At what age do you think schools should start educating children about healthy living? ...{Why?/ Why not) Do you think our atitudes to healthy living change as we get colder? ..... Why? / Why not?) r Do you think it good for our health to take regular holidays? .-{Why? J Why not?) Some people say that that laughter is sometimes the best form of medicine. How far do you a (Why? / Why not?) ‘Thank you. That isthe end of the test.‘Marks ad results Pefrmancs hereftar of Bads Ta Teacsal | Oop ome Mirena ott [Sicteamictone [epuceeaigel, [Seiwa caylee tabiektdtieanee | bgacarey afice | areca eg ede ‘ude tenon Aros aedcobeive | appropiate Bork... (ame [mt ret ea es sagem ora Marks and results Reading and Use of English Candidates record their answers on a separate answer sheet. One mark is given for each (correct answer in Parts 1,2 and 3 and up to two marks are given for each correct answer in are 4, For Parts 5,6 and 7 two marks ate given for each correct answer and in Part $ one mark is given for each correct answer, The total score is then weighted to 40 mars for the ‘whole Reading and Use of English paper. Writing Examiners look at four aspects ofa candidate's writing: Content, Language, Organisation fn Communicative Achievernent. Te totals weighted to give a mark out of 40 for ths pape. Content focuses on how well she candidate has fulfilled the task; in other words if they have done what they were asked to do. ‘Communicative Achievement focuses on how appropriate the writ and whether the candidate has used the appropriate register ‘Organisation focuses on the way the piece of writing was put together; in ather words if it is logical and ordered and the punctuation is correct Tanguage focuses on the candidateS vocabulary and granmat. This inchudes the range of language as well as how accurate it is, For each of the subscales, the examiner gives a maximum of J marks. Examiners use the following assessment scale aca ane seo sod some Soop amt a wih fod depo con eno dont inpede (Conca aly | Pfoosecr a aac soon bee Tepe ener ene Length of responses Canaidates eed to make sre chat which are too short m: ee Behe Information th conte and have is for the situation ey wt the comet number of words, Responses ay not have an adequate range of language and may net provide ati required. Responses which ate t0o long may contain ie iegative effect on the reader. a Varieties of English Candidates are expected to Candide ar expected ea partly of Ealih with nome dees of stency marek sch paling and nt for examp sch fon ing sh spelling of a word to an American spelling of the same word. sates Alloreniswlrana | Uscsthconrectins of [Textsa wellonnied, | Use. a of tec Tiecomgansarnerak | coherent ao ‘cana cling et aa ecnmy [taemeries [Simese | Sat dter Teecreraity I, SHEA | per roi oe, |e ‘soolingsietree | witty Sapte meee ein eee Geewiemy Sees fone Ero it psec ane ‘ned les common onde erormance es etre of ands 3a ‘Nios ncisanee slr Was the ovens of [Tera well oranda | Us rang ons maybe prem | become nk obeteeasinga aie | wseabuly sin Serote monte [secinbeiaste, [Sotmiedrin and |lsommrio Tee eee Sipc rete nenson | oremsatina putes 0 | apap Snicommnicne [gem pode. | Cera cane of ipl Sirsherraed sd fed cones gama eseplex so ‘eons with cote 2d ‘even foxy (cool ere may ‘epee nde Inge communionnnn nna SS Eee Marks and rests ‘Sample A (Test 1, Question 1 ~ Essay) ‘Marks and results ‘Sample 8 (Test 1, Question 3 Report) Sick ration mera acrmamtensarka ee aa starred era Suierice Both advereising ara school programmes have een euggested as ways of encourage iawngreo osu sore ig Tee tat adersoamro can ene youre pep ra cei Teton Achat ete gre ore mortar pepe io dete tes th ‘Meow otc er er ing tat roc We eonnn tea oi (rice pp ater we woul charge the decor cor seein to seit porn aoe intr i scones mae nti aes nth egret actin the etic apatbomuch nore appesing ate sae owaen sero at nce aires ana gone rokers ato ofa wer nd Seder have oon the tery Shaye sperm correct practi ea _. ng peope tone ioe abo inconclsion rs wowed pore occas our ee siya haved em an sre ar her ore etna do 0 an chan wegisuewn cts a cent iy aon mpeear a corn ‘content ela othe i a ee ede we on Shoe bettas pwede, weer cs Se Sen abe wht ay wool be ore ect epee ace eae Satpeearanmen ‘Commie Acie 5 saa walloguied and cokers whole A varity of ches +) Aer tien pws wl eee ‘Gisela mer fo expe te wy sense copa ‘Sora arte od ‘Onsniation [n this repore| wil evaluete the nor nkich hae been done nrlation To entablahing a student ncblie. Fucther recommendations about the areas of She website which ead developing wi he ven 20 wel ‘According to the requcements stated forthe website, it should sere a couple primary functions She most important o hich oto inform student about lca venta Ae ih cold be oasly noheed ‘he developers has mat this item pert af the task perfectly, Theres a bg aerton on che nore eae ubich cuppes with itormation about anyching whch deserves students’ attention “nother am wich hae heen mts pull cohege cis and gras orth pupose a spacia Pep wp vrdow han boon added tothe nett Tis coment tat alors sce bea ther ante isout reget {And the nal option which was intended to be plemented fs to rview products and services for students the friendly merce of the webpageo makes the website the perfect pace or alactlng uch an information. Within an chek re posible toot an access tothe detalos deooroion st |S Searched item, |n conclisin wat to pay your attention to the fact that mary parts ofthe website etl need to be morte cut mare horcughy, Adin onic to make Ie possbe the acitonal funangs shone os provided. eS ea ea ‘Allonecc i evan oh sl fo vader i fl _ntoed: Dele gen abou th thas pecs fe shar a's rgue vor eng de ‘Commantcarve Akivencr + | The comention of pare weg for esp te pave vin sev tse commana shorn and copie dane one's Utne anc asa soul ce ane inno et tro, cea Tm addawn TT) range of op civ alin alos 7 SECA il ca age feted em SLES il Alin Blo cat sadn impei Orgiisanen 4 | The tesa wetloqanin coher: whol wanes rats oF ‘ghee denies and organational po fo ema lee Beak within ad acon trener ens) ond eee Te Paasap are well ogame rah sel echo ces on anges 3 | Aange of pc pete vss cating a mon plement ppp winloscovsaa ooh wed Poorly Thera ange of rmsd ard ath Sarton ene The ew eed nt pecsRTE TUTE SEES SEES ETE SETS SEES SE TEESE EES EEE SSSI SEES SEES OSES OSEE ESSE ESEES IESE ESSEC SESE ESSECESSESEESESESEEIESETIRLECE Marks and results ‘Sample (Test 2, Question 1 ~ Essay) Marks and results Sample D (Test 2, Question 4 ~ Proposal) Intemational travel i's comehing taday norm on holidays people soften travel to other countries to show other cultures rd ways of Ke. The businese word hd expanded around the word 60 we have to do travels frequently, Unleos the big dctances between countries, the creacngly development of the methods of franaport and the madia has motwaved and faclitated the possbitty oF realise internations) rel ‘The fest and the most imgorcont factor that contrusad on the international travel ie the ‘Method of transport Since we covered the netar, we the hurabs fad conquered the ok “That nas a big progress to cur citation Fly travels made easier to people to arrive ro mary ther countrien thats because the velocity oF this transport Is the mast quick of any other ransport nthe wort leo the distance travel is reduced by no cbstacies in the oky which makes thie Pranaport qucier By the other way she deveopment of the media has also participated on the Iereasa Of the Intemational travel. Today tecrology has arrived at a pint that is comron an ur sect. New tecnclogee had failhated the coredon between people and medias, This new possibilty oF onenion ancl communication bepueen people had improved the information for everyone. 20 the Inowledge oF many orice countries, the cuture, places, et, had mathated people to do travle to other countries Resulting, the improvement of the medias, which faclitate comunicstion ad the methods of Transport. which facitate te transport to other places reduchg the ume ard distances, hae lacraed the international bane ‘Almelo ac ave bra dace bu wo dein bow ‘hanes he mow pct otra ae is ees me “eyo een mana al ‘testa pons snd saree pe sence inosine feted Se os Commanicve AChovemen 2 7 | Thestacturs othe oar nce tre gan intron 9 USsoq nd acon, A vane Fang word cn Seis Santi the parry whch ne psealy ‘raniacon Shaadi 1 | eze ie a age of everday voalay whichis el appro Icio: hue soma ewe Te eae [nan oman ths pod Saree econ and neal Lamesa ‘Cote cone lea nde rage aes wou be on the whole ‘HOW WE COULD IMPROVE OUR COLLEGE WEBSITE nsdn Iam wring ths proposs tothe Cote Princ legs Principal n onde express my suggestions abou hw ne oul pool madly the alee aba to Sintra Seasomta ” Reaching the cologe ings "held the view tat we could ae students word eter epanatin on how 2 eto the colege sirctiren, maybe wth awe dtaied map. rae we range orn rgeagon formas he varie course nel abi te cours mad abe he craton the es of ection mre rere cud ates) toveas complet at aun sce at oes he Sader thal the necovary moomoo ao classe ences ener an fonts ec e ina caloge sear te a grett importance ger othe relations nto the lato th the ote 6h ‘pes lob egen or mode an mateo Cn ov Ren andi scpicdina ros novo cay amar tho oy Can pon hn todedeate apart of tee tthe oanaavon ct mteiga sets and ker sees a 20 me eprtoa aon a “eerie tate fin trish staly now ag ishprat toy terion to thn coreg tna owaayo te ere te Moo omer heh communication through out the whole world, a ble Content ing woul be evecare ‘Comin Aki at 4 | The connie ofs popular leicht om tor arughtorard sed compic de prt ne se eiindab sacs and peru The ge nd one se aS sores ade et pn Omi +P tte ier ghee whe Ta ort eel tal pes ed aoey of clete dared e hes flower somesnes dhe sobeon eewen test | Tagg +L aang of "ane lope pci vocabulary wed appopinly ad fesse and aera range ot tmnt roy ed i ica Ebon de so npSrSE SERS e Eee SETS OTS e ret ESET TESTES CTE STTESETEETTE ESTE EOE TOTE LOSE SEES TOES TOES TOES TOES TEES TEES ETESETaSEOIsETESETsETierisetlierisetasetisetisetiistiite Marks and results ‘Sample E (Test 8, Question 3 - Letter) Dear Arn. ‘vironment before the course stsres. and go ahead Kisses Se ee ee eee ee cae ane eee ee Bang sp knit ha Sere Fe sant ae gate, that’s It! Ne have done this hundreds of times. | have been told that these coleges are vey fe eeee needa ie reed ane eed rie ane can ony ne ha ene ran hn eee a ae a ae Pa oe a as Der ng a tet ie naa san ont Secor is pe teenage ws ogo ea th Ateaghthelnsone vob de! aac yo to ak aanage othe coca repctory language courses’ which wil be perfecto get used to Istening teachers in thelr natura This wil be th righ thing to da envale the course in ay of the colleges ust choose the subject Sample F (Test 3, Question 4 ~ Review) ‘Si ants 290 had pleasure to participate n an activity holiday ongarined ly ENS tone) agency, So fm writing m ender to ehare my experiences and simultaneously commend going suring to Manly Manly, & mal town located near Sydney, ln’ very popular 0 you don have to bother # the beach is S00 cronded, Anda’ very important I's easy £0 get hore from the irpart and the Jourrey doosa't take aor of time. But despite a those thing ts the natural beauty of this hordh-seory, aust, There’ also a smal bar onthe beach which offer cod drinks and onacks ahd a nese, option when you want t0 meet new psople because the lacala come hereto listen to roa he ‘sic ard the evningo to dance ‘Ata fly aur, (went to this tp wshout any sil bit wanted to try something ram And ‘hat nao a good choice. Thanke to = group of profenionsl trainers | lnamisd mary Bhngo and isa coud feel totaly sae. They wore very patiant and had agit to share el lnontocge al we used wae of wry high quality On the personal rete, (was glad tat coud cent servoing What was neaded because cquipmert i realy axpenaive, Concluding yore ooking for a good activity hoy option yon want to learn 2+ itprove your iadourfng skit, go to the EMD office and book a trip for younsa You mont regret coy colon Marks and results place that amazes everyone gold send, tall een palm tones ad perfectly pure mater ore realy Also the hotel located a town mects al the needs of vittors, ti far from being exclusive but for ure nize and convenient can’ aloo say a bad werd abet the staff which lesley emg ad wilisg to help, And the food ~ just reat the meru you can find delicious dies Rom the loca ‘experience with the othors. AS we al ow, not everyone has euch ably. Noo the equpien That 5 | Amen este ok nd ert ae ‘omens ‘Mises wold betes oleh nde take Cone commie el here re lyre Spore ch ‘etna ies hod F The ee re ca apposed anna mene. Cami ee 5 Motes csi arma dean Germanic Arms 3 | Te copia eve ae do ol ender eon sein ome ppt te, alng ESOT pest af nore e eCemmnl ee th orls Snide ln bly Te et acy Met SLE cy communal oe een Smet ante wo be sb o tales eos ‘Seon wut eb Serre | The seria wl anid eceen nile hich wkd Organ “The cts of royce ld hve aos aa Ute ole san of clave dees hth dene hase ge me hockad.Athough I'm sl quite new to ne spert Tm Kenpo path wel. and noping to got the USA soon to do atoureo lth coach ere, over there who's gota great reputation. Thats exoontal bie tenere Someone onboard who knows thal tf when comes toning thet {ake you along way dv te reas to sucoess, especialy a your fitness | Picked up karate «fw years ago, my prime motvation boing to ake lathe fog bi tin Your ping yourcl agent anor pant You've got to win, ve probably got an 2ddeine pasenaly wn tonnes encered, ut wth any cones ake pat tend ogo a etn fel 6. good fang krowing hat Kes otow your exagle Ns a rewarcng tng to your sigs on, Obviously yeuterar wn orn et iso gong tohppen, but yer ean cht cut nth apet your eee realy goes op aah a Goud plea toa [pauseTest Key ‘Speaker Five: as that ken to pay badnnton whan oy end sugeata,in thoes casero hop rn ut Ayo. 1 er tstsshmat tuned oto be natura 8, boating ot oe oF serum compet ors bal perder oe tring heck aor at war aon ea ge vary outer rave obec soit irata seco the they eae lays atm ora sees repo with him on that - after all, what's the point if t's not fun’ pase] Now yow'l bea Part our apa [Tho eecording is repeated That's the end of Part Font nutes for you to cof your answers onto the Ther now be pans off os ae ni ‘pute er hee Be refi the mri fle ust “nd yon he he’ ome te ac thn yore seo ihn Macher, pause the recon bere for ive mins, Remnd tants when hey hase Thats the ond of th test Please top nove Your sper wl nov ole al te question papers ad answer eects Test 2 Key Reading and Use of English (1 hour 30 minutes) Part 1 1D 2B 3B 46 SA 6C 7A 8B Part 2 9 wheniwhere 10 At 15 far 16 something M4 being 12 which 13 into) 14 one Pan 3 17 innovative 18 outstanding 19 civilsations/civilizations 20 significant i 21 undergone 22 enables 23 accessible 24 congratulations Part a 25 makes | no / little DIFFERENCE to OR does not / doesn't make | any /a / much DIFFERENCE co 26 they had (got in MIND 27 vas HELD lin such (high) regard esteem 28 always COME casiy/ naturally 9 29 to have been | MISINFGRMED stout {over /egarding/ concerning /on 30 unlikely EVENT of het party winning OR unlike EVENT (that) her party wins Part 5 3B RA 336 MD 3sB 36a D 39A 40a A 43C 44D 4SF 468 VC 4A 49D SOC S1B 92D 3A SHO SSB s6C Writing (1 hou 30 minutes) Candidate responses are marked using the assessment scale on pages 108-108,Tet2 Key Listening (approximately 40 minutes) Part 1 Ge arcs BE IC) s(c Ga) Part 2 nedia studies 8 (a) re 11 Awesome Animals 12 shark(s) 13 back(-stage arch station 9 marketing 10 (a) travel company 14 slogans / a slogas Part 9 SC ID 1 Part 4 5 we 2 29A WE 2D WA BG WE 3H WE 27C WH WA Transcript This is the Combridge English Advanced, Test Boo. 1m going 2 gow you the inatractons for ti introduce each art ofthe text and give you tne fo look atthe questions at owl bear tis sound he stat ofeach piece Yow ear each pce eee rs the question pape, You'l Rermembr while yon're listening write your answers on the g Ihave ive minutes oe ed of th test 0 copy your anseers Onto the separate ‘Toere'l now be a pane. churing the tet. [pause PART 1 [Now open your question paper and look at Part One. Ipawsel trae different extracts. Fo man ling a frend about bis hoi Now lack at questions one and two, [pause Woman: How was your holiday, Tor? Man: Absolutely fine urs? nats joman: | suppate you went on oe of those archaealogeal igs of yous? omar rang wit ¢wang Poy Hy dont want eon to bosch ase ask any gestions now, because you must Hot speak sestions 1-6, choase the answer (A, By or ) is best accondng to what you baa There are vo questions foreach eta Man: Test Key Nothing really ~ except. say it doesn't give you much to think about — and ‘nats what | really neod. Lying on the beach isn't for me ~I don necessary, want to climb a mountain or do white water rating, but abit of exercise | 2006. t's nice to travel too, though to be honest, once you get down to work Itdoesn' matter much where you are ~ unless it rans all the ime pemepa! ‘So what's the attraction of rubbing about inthe ground? Finding a hoard of gold would be good, but most of us are relic enough to ‘now that won't ever happen. Actually think is good for me as.a persoy Wat we dg needs interpreting, but you'll never know fr sure whether you've got ‘Light, Others wl disagree with you and you have to respect tar pinion, ‘Some people might lke to claim they're saying something realy relevant that re-rit history, but that’s rather an exaggerated claim in my ves ¥'m stil not convinced | could do it laws) [he econding repeated (pause) You hear two collegues talking about time management. Now look at questions tree and four Ipausel ove watching people's expressions wtten they turn up late fr my time management seminars. Why's that? ‘They sie in looking exactly ikea chid who just got caught with a hand in ths cookie jar, maybe mumbling something sheapishly about trate, w/ule, tne friends teaso them about being late fora clas on time managemant But we've all done it, ight? Not ma. tts causing more and more problems socially ~ at work, it even ‘seriously hampers promotion chances ~ and ve known it sur relationships But what’ the answer? 'm pretty hopeless myselt. ve tried setting my alarm ten, even fiteen minutes fast. but That never works ~ psychologically you know i's fast ~so you enjoy the le-int "You got that right. So are you teling me youre never late? Hard to believe But true So how do you do it? What's the secret? ‘You have to undergo a complete change of mindset — don't just aim to be on time for appointments ~ become an early persan, period, 131Test Key Man: Weenan: Mao: Extract Thee Mar: Woman: Man Woman: PART 2 132 Hmm .. sounes tough Bui wel worth it~ just thik: ne mar rushing fr he train, no more missed fights, or embarrassing searches for excuses at meetings .. or on dates! Fight! So how do I go about it? [ance] [he recording is repeated [pause] Yow hear two friends ttking about ahistorical novel sboy have read, [Now look a urstions ie and ss. [ans ‘What cid you think of Lorna Dean's new book? | was disappointed in the characters ‘That's probably because you'd got so used to the nas that appear in all her ‘other novels about the pariod, the old familiar frends. | thought these ones ‘Wore a pretty convincing bunch ~ especialy that rather mixed-up boy. There wasnt much she could do with the plot though ~ the events ofthe period are 0 well documented, “Thara was. lat of ioeal colour, Ithaughs | suppose so ~ but i tended to be a bit over explained ~ the description didn't come in naturally (Oh | dont agree with you there | felt | gota real feel for time an place ‘This did give us a window on avery diferent society. The write’ view oft of course. Hardly far she'd done her research. She dct just put her own spin on ‘things. And dic’t you think some of the poles and intrigue hada familar ‘ing? Aa interesting paraliel with what goes on today? (Oh no, took reading it as an opportunity to forge the hore and now! pause (The recording is cepeatd.] [pause] “That's the end of Part On [Nove tur 0 Bat Tio, Ipause) Yow ara photgnpher and TV camer called Mike Darby talking about bis bie and work For guts 19, complete sentences toa word or ho pa You now have 45 seconds fo look at Part Too. Mike: [suse Helio, My namo's Mike Darby and 'm here to talk about my work as a wildlife photographer and cameraman. So what does it take to make In ths, Profession? ithelps to be @ graduate, and photography degree courses are Row commen, although that wasn't always the case. Older photographers | work with often got into photography as a career vla a ctfetent study route, One cid a degree in tne art, others did media studies .. quite a few setally, Whereas | graduated in Marine Biology | started out as a commercial diver ~also ran a ving schoo! fora while, before going on to dive inthe Antarctic for a research station It wes there that "really started taking photographs underwater At thet point something cowed, "found my vocation, so set up my awn business as @ photographie ‘And | soon discovered that just being able to take a good picture isn't {enough ~ a strong business sense is also essential especialy a ai for ‘marketing, and sound administrative skis come in useful, as does the ability tohanale your own accounts, you end up working frestance lke me, though, i's good to keep lots of ferent things onthe go. I'v just done a shoot fora travel company! got ‘hat tec up in four days and they kept al the pictures. large wile bok, however, start to finish, could take up to two years, For something like that, ''d expect to take hundreds of photos, only a few of which would end up ‘being accepted by the publisher But the rest don't go to waste ~ a magazine bought seme unused ones recently. On Ue whole though, sell huis a ‘website, which sells them on to other people 3 forthe books, I've actualy done a number over the years. A South Atcan Paradiso hes Sol the best ~ it's now ints fith reprint. But the one that gives me most personal satisfaction is Awesome Animals, which I did jointly with my wife ‘That's the real deal, And then there's Underwater with Mike I newer biked the ttle, butt does give you a good idea of my work over the past fou years, Obviously, for me, one tri’s been broadening out into TV, doing work as 4 ‘cameraman. Like, atthe end of last year, | med stingrays in the Caribbean {ota series that'l be on later thi year Before that Id been filing al sorts of

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