Home ► Chemical Engineering ► CL305_2021 ► 15 February - 21 February ► Tutorial 3 (15 Feb 2021) ►

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Question 1 [2 marks] A liquid flows downward in an inclined pipe having a circular cross section.
Not yet answered The flow is steady, laminar, unidirectional and fully developed. The axis of the pipe
makes an angle of 45º with the vertical direction. The pressure at the pipe inlet (p0 ) is
Marked out of 2.00
lower than that at the pipe outlet (pL ) with the difference being
. The radius of the pipe is R = 0.02 m and its length is
3
pL − p0 = 4 × 10  Pa

L m . The density of the liquid is 7 × 10  kg/m and its viscosity is 0.07 Pa. s. The
2 3

acceleration due to gravity is 9.81m/s . If the velocity of the liquid (along the pipe
2

axis) at a radial location r = 0.75R is 2 m/s, what is the magnitude of the viscous
force exerted by the flowing liquid on the pipe wall (parallel to the pipe wall)? Provide
your answer in N rounded to two decimal places.
Note: The radial location r is measured from the axis of the pipe.

Answer:

Question 2 [2 marks] Two immiscible liquids are flowing between two horizontal parallel plates
Not yet answered due to a horizontal pressure gradient. The flow is steady, laminar and fully developed.
The thickness of each liquid layer is 4 mm. The density and viscosity of the bottom
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liquid are 900 kg/m3 and 0.08 Pa. s respectively. The density and viscosity of the
top liquid are 700 kg/m3 and 0.01 Pa. s respectively. The interface between the
two liquids (which is planar) is in the yz plane with the x axis normal to it. At the
interface, x = 0 with x being positive above the interface (i.e., in the top liquid) and
negative below the interface (i.e., in the bottom liquid). In the liquid which contains the
plane of zero shear stress, at what other value of x,apart from x = 0 , will the
velocity be equal to the velocity at the liquid-liquid interface? Provide your answer in
mm with the appropriate sign and rounded to one decimal place.

Answer:
Question 3 [2 marks] A liquid is flowing vertically upward in the annular space between two
Not yet answered coaxial cylinders. The flow is steady, laminar, fully developed and the end effects can
be neglected. The radius of the outer cylinder is R = 0.08 m. The radial location at
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which the shear stress in the liquid is zero is r = 0.7R where r is measured from
the axis of the coaxial cylinders. The difference in the modified pressure between the
inlet and outlet of the cylindrical annulus is P0 − PL = 4 × 103 Pa. The length of
the annulus is 3 m (in the vertical direction) and the viscosity of the liquid flowing in
the annulus is 0.02 Pa. s. What is the magnitude of the fluid velocity (vz ) at a radial
location of r = 0.6R. Provide your answer in m/s rounded to two decimal places.

Answer:

Question 4 [1 mark] A liquid flows vertically upward between two parallel plates. The flow is
Not yet answered steady, laminar and fully developed. The difference in the modified pressure between
the inlet and outlet is 5 × 103  Pa . The gap between the plates, measured
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perpendicular to the plate surfaces, is 6 mm . The viscosity of the liquid is 0.04 Pa. s
and the length of the plates along the flow direction is 2 m . What is the average
velocity of the liquid, in m/s and rounded to three decimal places.

Answer: