Unit 5: Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Renal

PBL: Mr. Brett

Session 3 Learning Objectives (from material in Session 2)

LO#1: Describe the host immune response to COVID-19 infection, including the
cellular, humoral (antibody) and cytokine response, and explain the role of neutralizing
antibodies in controlling the infection.

LO#2: Describe the clinical presentation, course of infection, and treatment of COVID-
19 pneumonia and explain how it may progress to ARDS.

LO#3: Explain how COVID-19 infection might lead to cardiogenic shock, septic shock, or
obstructive shock, and use the patient presentation, physical exam, and diagnostic tests to
distinguish among these three types of shock in a patient with COVID-19.

LO#4: Describe the clinical presentation, progression, pathogenesis, and treatment of COVID-19
septic shock.

LO#5: Diagnose Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and describe the
current treatment regimen for COVID-19 ARDS.

LO#6: Explain why plasma lactate is high and plasma albumin is low in septic shock.

LO#7: Recognize acute kidney injury in a COVID-19 patient and explain the cause.

LO#8: Describe the signs and symptoms of a pulmonary embolism (PE), explain why
PEs frequently occur in COVID-19 patients, and describe the treatment.

LO#9: Discuss the usefulness of COVID-19 antibody tests given their specificity and
sensitivity and the prevalence of the disease, and explain the role of vaccines in
pandemic control.

LO#10: Describe the common clinical courses leading to death in COVID-19 infection.