SỞ GIÁO DỤC - ĐÀO TẠO BÌNH THUẬN

TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN TRẦN HƯNG ĐẠO

KỲ THI OLYMPIC TRUYỀN THỐNG 30 - 4 LẦN THỨ XXIV NĂM HỌC 2017-2018
ĐỀ THI ĐỀ NGHỊ MÔN: TIẾNG ANH - KHỐI: 11

Số phách

Số phách

A. MULTIPLE CHOICE
I. WORD CHOICE
Choose the best options to complete the following sentences.
1. His efforts, though futile, are still ..............
A. refined B. intimidated C. pious D. commendable
2. The vegetation on the island was ..............
A. exuberant B. chivalrous C. overcast D. ingenious
3. Ronald had the ...to blame his teachers for his failure.
A. concern B. chivalry C. regard D. audacity
4. Many poets have .............. the beauties of the countryside.
A. extolled B. feared C. excited D. inhibited
5. The plague, otherwise known as the Black Death, was a .............. disease.
A. contingent B. contiguous C. contagious D. congenial
6. It was obvious that the child suffered from a serious speech ..............
A. handicap B. hindrance C. inhibition D. impediment
7. His heavy boots .............. him at work.
A. repelled B. stemmed C. hampered D. compelled
8. His driving license has been .............. on the grounds of drink driving.
A. repealed B. revoked C. nullified D. recalled
9. Mary is a(n) .............. liar. She was even arrested for lying to a police officer
A. physical B. congenital C. naive D. abnormal
10. The Prime Minister will decide whether to release the prisoner or not; that's his ..............
A. prerogative B. derogatory C. abdication D. humanity

Answers:
1D 2A 3D 4A 5C 6D 7C 8B 9B 10A

1
II. GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURES
Choose the best options to complete the following sentences.
1. .............. the town posted notices urging people to boil their water.
A. The pollution of the municipal well having been discovered,
B. The municipal well’s pollution being discovered,
C. After discovering pollution in the municipal well,
D. When having made the discovery of the pollution of the water in the municipal well;
2. .............. to Rose is unclear, but the letter would definitely have given her morale a boost.
A. That Charles in fact sent the e-mail
B. Whether in reality Charles sent the e-mail or did not
C. The actuality of the sending of the e-mail by Charles
D. Whether Charles in fact sent the e-mail or did not
3. An event in Richard’s life story that moved me greatly was .............. .
A. when he was separated from the family
B. his separation from the family
C. when he and the family were separated
D. the separating from the family
4. Not all athletes who .............. in a sport can be assured of a place on an Olympic team.
A. are highly motivated or significantly talented
B. have high motivation or are significantly talented
C. have either high motivation or else talent in significant amounts
D. are highly motivated or who have significant talent instead
5. Nuclear waste disposal is a growing problem .............. .
A. considering that no state permits radioactive material transported on its roads or to bury
it inside its borders
B. considering that no state permits neither radioactive material transported on its roads or
buried inside its borders
C. because no state permits radioactive material transported on its roads or buried inside its
borders
D. because no state will permit radioactive material not only to be carried on its roads but
in addition also buried inside its borders
6. To celebrate the 100th anniversary of the college, .............. .
A. honoring those alumni who had graduated fifty years ago
B. ceremonies for graduates of fifty years ago were held in honor of these alumni
C. alumni graduating fifty years ago received honors
D. alumni who had graduated fifty years ago were honored
7. Carbon dioxide may be absorbed by trees or water bodies, or it may stay in the atmosphere
when .............., while it is only in the atmosphere that clorofluorocarbons find the home.
A. cars that release emissions B. released from car emissions
C. by releasing emissions from cars D. emissions are released by cars
8. In the eastern part of New Jersey .............., a major shipping and manufacturing center.
A. around the city of Elizabeth lies B. the city of Elizabeth lies there
C. there lies the city of Elizabeth around D. lies the city of Elizabeth

2
9. .............. parrots are native to tropical region is untrue.
A. Since all B. That all C. Why all D. All
10. Good erasers are soft enough not to damage paper .............. they crumble gradually when used.
A. so hard are they B. and hard enough so that
C. and they are so hard that D. but hard enough so that

Answers:
1C 2A 3B 4A 5C 6D 7B 8D 9B 10D

3
III. PHRASAL VERBS AND PREPOSITIONS
Choose the best options to complete the following sentences.
1. If a child knows that he can never .............. a bad behavior, then he is less likely to do
it.
A. make out B. put through C. keep up D. get away with
2. My mother always told me that I should .............. the things I believe in, regardless of
how others perceive them.
A. stand up for B. get on with C. put up with D. come up to
3. The doctor told him to keep .............. sweets and chocolate to lose weight.
A. up B. at C. off D. back
4. Some of our volunteers would .............. for teachers in the event of a strike.
A. act up B. fill in C. fit in D. work out
5. She got a bit hot .............. the collar when a colleague started criticizing her work.
A. under B. on C. beyond D. from
6. She bought .............. the deal even though nobody thought she was capable of doing it.
A. in B. down C. out D. off
7. Let’s find a place where we can .............. the storm.
A. wait out B. wear off C. shrug off D. pull through
8. The boss was away, so his assistant had to .............. him and make a speech.
A. make off with B. do away with C. stand in for D. take up on
9. Beaches were .............. as police searched for canisters for toxic waste from the damaged
ship.
A. sealed off B. cut off C. washed up D. kept out
10. I thought she was being serious, but she was only having me .............. .
A. up B. on C. over D. round

Answers:
1D 2A 3C 4B 5A 6D 7A 8C 9D 10B

4
IV. COLLOCATIONS AND IDIOMS
Choose the best options to complete the following sentences.
1. It ..............that the best way to learn to speak a foreign language is to practice using it.
A. stands in relation B. is a wake-up call
C. stands to reason D. agrees to differ
2. Police are warning the public to be on the .............. for suspicious packages.
A. care B. alert C. guard D. alarm
3. Vietnam’s Got Talent is the game show that has taken audiences ..............
A. by heart B. by night C. by wind D. by storm
4. Clinics will be subject to a new .............. of conduct and stronger controls by local
authorities.
A. ground B. system C. code D. set
5. My mother .............. when she found out that I’d forgotten to do the washing-up again.
A. made my blood boil B. felt off color
C. hit the ceiling D. stood her ground
6. You shouldn’t .............. other people’s problems, even if you don’t consider them to
be very serious.
A. shed light upon B. come to light
C. make light of D. see the light
7. A journalist is .............. on a politician in order to damage his image.
A. digging it out B. digging up out of the earth
C. digging up dirt D. digging his own grave
8. We were having dinner in a restaurant last night when this guy at the next
table .............. because the waiter brought the wrong thing.
A. flew into the face of danger B. flew off the handle
C. flew by the seat of his pants D. flushed out of some place
9. Losing my job was ............... I never would have found this one if it hadn’t happened.
A. a bone to pick with B. a breath of fresh air
C. a bleeding heart D. a blessing in disguise
10. The inquiry is by no means ............... .
A. chop and change B. cut and dried
C. head and shoulders D. tooth and nail

Answers:
1C 2B 3D 4C 5C 6B 7C 8B 9D 10B

5
V. READING PASSAGE 1
Read the text below and choose the best answer to each question.
A folk culture is small, isolated, cohesive, conservative, nearly self-sufficient group that is
homogeneous in custom and race, with a strong family or clan structure and highly developed
rituals. Order is maintained through sanctions based in the religion or family, and
interpersonal relationships are strong. Tradition is paramount, and change comes infrequently
and slowly. There is relatively little division of labor into specialized duties. Rather, each
person is expected to perform a great variety of tasks, though duties may differ between the
sexes. Most goods are handmade, and a subsistence economy prevails. Individualism is
weakly developed in folk cultures, as are social classes. Unaltered folk cultures no longer
exist in industrialized countries such as the United States and Canada. Perhaps the nearest
modern equivalent in Anglo--America is the Amish, a German American farming sect that
largely renounces the products and labor saving devices of the industrial age. In Amish
areas, horse-drawn buggies till serve as a local transportation device, and the faithful are not
permitted to own automobiles. The Amish's central religious concept of Demut, "humility",
clearly reflects the weakness of individualism and social class so typical of folk cultures, and
there is a corresponding strength of Amish group identity. Rarely do the Amish marry outside
their sect. The religion, a variety of the Mennonite faith, provides the principal mechanism for
maintaining order.

By contrast, a popular culture is a large heterogeneous group, often highly individualistic and
constantly changing. Relationships tend to be impersonal, and a pronounced division of labor
exists, leading to the establishment of many specialized professions. Secular institutions, of
control such as the police and army take the place of religion and family in maintaining order,
and a money-based economy prevails. Because of these contrasts, "popular" may be viewed
as clearly different from "folk".

The popular is replacing the folk in industrialized countries and in many developing nations,
Folk-made objects give way to their popular equivalent, usually because the popular item is
more quickly or cheaply produced, is easier or time saving to use, or lends more prestige to
the owner.

1. What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. Two decades in modern society
B. The influence of industrial technology
C. The characteristics of "folk" and "popular" societies
D. The specialization of labor in Canada and the United States
2. The word "homogeneous" is closest in meaning to ....
A. uniform B. general C. primitive D. traditional
3. Which of the following is typical of folk cultures?
A. There is a money-based economy.
B. Social change occurs slowly.
C. Contact with other cultures is encouraged.
D. Each person develops one specialized skill.

6
4. What does the author imply about the United States and Canada?
A. They value folk cultures. B. They have no social classes.
C. They have popular cultures. D. They do not value individualism.
5. The phrase "largely renounces" is closest in meaning to ....
A. generally rejects B. greatly modifies
C. loudly declares D. often criticizes
6. What is the main source of order in Amish society?
A. The government B. The economy
C. The clan structure D. The religion
7. Which of the following statements about Amish beliefs does the passage support?
A. A variety of religious practices is tolerated.
B. Individualism and competition are important.
C. Pre-modern technology is preferred.
D. People are defined according to their class.
8. Which of the following would probably NOT be found in a folk culture?
A. A carpenter B. A farmer C. A weaver D. A banker
9. The word "prevails" is closest in meaning to ....
A. dominates B. provides C. develops D. invests
10. Which of following is NOT given as a reason why folk-made objects are replaced by
mass-produced objects?
A. cost B. prestige C. quality D. convenience

Answers:
1C 2A 3B 4C 5A 6D 7C 8D 9A 10C

7
VI. READING PASSAGE 2
Read the text below and choose the best answer to each question.

Finding the career that fits your personality

'If you've finished your exams and have absolutely no idea what to do next, you're not alone,'
says Sheridan Hughes, an occupational psychologist at Career Analysts, a career counseling
service. 'At 18, it can be very difficult to know what you want to do because you don’t really
know what you're interested in.' Careers guidance, adds Alexis Hallam, one of her colleagues,
is generally poor and 'people can end up in the wrong job and stay there for years because
they're good at something without actually enjoying it.'

To discover what people are good at, and more fundamentally, what they will enjoy doing,
Career Analysts give their clients a battery of personality profile questionnaires and
psychometric tests. An in-depth interview follows, in which the test results are discussed and
different career paths and options are explored with the aid of an occupational psychologist.
Career Analysts offers guidance to everyone, from teenagers to retirees looking for a new
focus in life. The service sounded just what I needed. Dividing my time as I do between
teaching and freelance journalism, I definitely need advice about consolidating my career.
Being too ancient for Career Analysts' student career option guidance and not, unfortunately,
at the executive level yet, I opted for the career management package. This is aimed at people
who are established in their jobs and who either want a change or some advice about planning
the next step in their careers.

Having filled in a multitude of personality indicator questionnaires at home, I then spent a

rather grueling morning being aptitude-tested at Career Analysts’ offices. The tests consisted
of logical reasoning followed by verbal, mechanical and spatial aptitude papers. Logical
reasoning required me to pick out the next shape in a sequence of triangles, squares and
oblongs. I tried my best but knew that it was really a lost cause. I fared rather better when it
came to verbal aptitude - finding the odd one out in a series of words couldn't be simpler. My
complacency was short-lived, however, when I was confronted with images of levers and
pulleys for the mechanical aptitude papers. My mind went blank. I had no idea what would
happen to wheel X when string Y was pulled.

At home, filling in questionnaires, I had been asked to give my instinctive reaction (not an
over-considered one) to statements like: 'It bothers me if people think I'm being odd or
unconventional’, or 'I like to do my planning alone without interruptions from others.' I was
asked to agree or disagree on a scale of one to five with 'I often take on impossible odds', or 'It
is impossible for me to believe that chance or luck plays an important role in my life.' I was
told to indicate how important I consider status to be in a job, and how important money and
material benefits.

The questions attempt to construct a picture of the complete individual. Using aptitude tests
alongside personality profiling, occupational psychologists will, the theory goes, be able to
guide a client towards a rewarding, fulfilling career. Some questions are as straightforward as
indicating whether or not you would enjoy a particular job. Designing aircraft runways?

8
Preparing legal documents? Playing a musical instrument? Every career going makes an
appearance and, as I was shown later, the responses tend to form a coherent pattern.

Having completed my personality and aptitude tests, I sat down with Sheridan Hughes, who
asked me fairly searching personal and professional questions. What do my parents and
siblings do for a living? Why had I chosen to do an English degree? 'I need to get a picture of
you as a person and how you've come to be who you are,’ she explained. 'What we do works
because it’s a mixture of science and counseling. We use objective psychometric measures to
discover our clients' natural strengths and abilities and then we talk to them about what they
want from life.'

There were no real surprises in my own test results, nor in the interview that followed it.
'We're interested in patterns,' Mrs Hughes explained, 'and the pattern for you is strongly
verbal and communicative.' This was putting it rather kindly. I had come out as average on the
verbal skills test and below average in logic, numerical, perceptual and mechanical reasoning.
My spatial visualization was so bad it was almost off the scale. 'A career in cartography,
navigation, tiling or architecture would not be playing to your strengths,' she said delicately.

Mrs Hughes encouraged me to expand the writing side of my career and gave me
straightforward, practical suggestions as to how I could go about it. 'Widen the scope of your
articles,' she said. 'You could develop an interest in medical and psychological fields.' These
latter, she said, would sit comfortably with an interest in human behavior indicated on my
personality-profiling questionnaires. She suggested that I consider writing e-learning content
for on-line courses, an avenue that would never have occurred to me.

1. Which of the following is mentioned in the first paragraph?

A. people underestimating their own abilities
B. people accepting inappropriate advice
C. people being unwilling to take risks
D people constantly changing their minds
2. What does the writer say about Career Analysts in the second paragraph?
A. It is about to offer a service for people at executive level.
B. The range of services it offers is unique.
C. She was initially doubtful that it could be useful to her.
D. Only one of its services was relevant to her.
3. What happened when the writer took the aptitude tests?
A. She found two of the papers extremely difficult.
B. She put in very little effort on any of them.
C. She didn’t understand what she was required to do on one of them.
D The papers were not what she had been expecting.
4. The phrase "a lost cause " in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ....
A. a dead-end B. a shortcut C. a vain attempt D. a misjudgement

9
5. What does the writer say about the statements on the questionnaires?
A. She thought about them for longer than she was supposed to.
B. She found some of them rather strange.
C. One of them focused on her attitude to risk.
D. One of them concerned her current situation only.
6. The writer says that the idea behind the questionnaires is that
A. people will find some of the questions quite hard to answer.
B. the answers to them and the aptitude tests will provide all the necessary information.
C. they will encourage people to have new ideas about possible careers.
D. they will give a more accurate picture of people than the aptitude tests.
7. Some of the questions Sheridan Hughes asked concerned the writer’s
A. opinions of the tests and questionnaires.
B. relationships with family members.
C. main regrets.
D. progress through life.
8. The writer felt that during the interview, Mrs Hughes
A. was keen not to upset her concerning her test results.
B. seemed surprised at how badly she had done in the tests.
C. was being honest about her strengths and weaknesses.
D. preferred to avoid talking about her test results.
9. The phrase "off the scale" in paragraph 7 is closest in meaning to ....
A. unsatisfactory B. not so good C. worrying D. immeasurably low
10. The advice Mrs Hughes gave to the writer included the suggestion that she should
A. think about taking a course on writing.
B. concentrate only on writing and not on any other kind of work.
C. increase the number of subjects she writes about.
D. do something she had previously considered unappealing.

Answers:
1B 2D 3A 4C 5C 6B 7D 8A 9D 10C

10
VII. GUIDED CLOZE 1
Read the text below and decide which answer best fits each space.

There can be no (1).............. that online shopping is of huge benefit to the consigner.
Far from becoming (2).............. , online shoppers are very demanding. Overpriced merchants
with poor services should beware. Gone are the days when stores could charge what they
liked for goods and get away with it. The same, too, for shady manufacturers: smarter
consumers know which products have a good (3).............. and which do not,
because online they now read not only the sales (4).............. but also reviews from
previous purchasers. And if customers are disappointed, a few (5).............. of the mouse
will take them to places where they can let the world know. Nowadays there is nothing more
damning than a flood of negative comments on the internet.

However, the big boys, as always, are ahead of the game. Some companies are already
adjusting their business models to take account of these trends. The stores run by Sony and
Apple, for instance, are more like brand showrooms than shops. They are there for people to
try out (6).............. and to ask questions to knowledgeable staff. Whether the products
are ultimately bought online or offline is of secondary importance.

Online traders must also adjust. Amazon, for one, is (7).............. turning from being
primarily a bookseller to becoming a (8).............. retailer by letting other companies sell
products on its site, rather like a marketplace. During America's Thanksgiving weekend last
November, Amazon's sales of consumer electronics in the United States (9).............. its book
sales for the first time in its history. Other transformations in the retail business are
(10).............. to follow.

1. A. query B. examination C. question D. proposal

2. A. complacent B. dissatisfied C. competent D. compassionate
3. A. distinction B. resolution C. opinion D. reputation
4. A. bubble B. message C. blare D. blurb
5. A. taps B. clucks C. clicks D. prods
6. A. devices B. tools C. emblems D. schemes
7. A. mistakenly B. rapidly C. unreasonably D. secretly
8. A. mass B. block C. lump D. chunk
9. A. receded B. excluded C. repressed D. exceeded
10. A. tied B. secured C. bound D. fastened

Answers:
1C 2A 3D 4D 5C 6A 7B 8A 9D 10C

11
VIII. GUIDED CLOZE 2
Read the text below and decide which answer best fits each space.
Greenhouse gases are being released into the atmosphere 30 times faster than the time when
the Earth experienced a (1).............. episode of global warming. A study comparing the rate at
which carbon dioxide and methane are being (2).............. now, compared to 55 million years
ago when global warming also occurred, has found dramatic differences in the speed of
release. James Zachos, professor of earth sciences at the University of California, Santa Cruz,
said the speed of the present buildup of greenhouse gases is far greater than during the global
warming after the (3).............. of the dinosaurs. "The emissions that caused this past episode
of global warming probably lasted 10,000 years," Professor Zachos told the American
Association for the Advancement of Science at a meeting in St. Louis. "By burning fossil
fuels, we are likely to emit the same amount over the next three centuries." He warned that
studies of global warming events in the geological past (4).............. the Earth's climate passes
a (5).............. beyond which climate change accelerates with the help of positive feedbacks -
vicious circles of warming. Professor Zachos is a leading (6).............. on the episode of global
warming known as the palaeocene-eocene thermal maximum, when average global
temperatures increased by up to 5°C due to a massive release of carbon dioxide and methane.

His research into the deep ocean (7).............. suggests at this time that about 4.5 billion tons
of carbon entered the atmosphere over 10,000 years. "This will be the same amount of carbon
released into the atmosphere from cars and industrial emissions over the next 300 years if
present (8).............. continue", he said. Although carbon can be released suddenly and
naturally into the atmosphere from volcanic activity, it takes many thousands of years for it to
be removed permanently by natural processes. The ocean is capable of removing carbon, and
quickly, but this natural (9).............. can be easily (10).............., which is probably what
happened 55 million years ago. "It will take tens of thousands of years before atmospheric
carbon dioxide comes down to preindustrial levels," the professor said. "Even after humans
stop burning fossil fuels, the effects will be long-lasting."
1. A. prearranged B. premier C. previous D. fundamental
2. A. emitted B. exhaled C. incorporated D. digested
3. A. dementia B. demolition C. detachment D. demise
4. A. comment B. mark C. compliment D. indicate
5. A. barricade B. verge C. threshold D. perimeter
6. A. autocrat B. authority C. administrator D. proprietor
7. A. dusts B. sediments C. dirt D. powder
8. A. trends B. gadgets C. fads D. crazes
9. A. capacity B. competence C. intelligence D. bulk
10. A. overchargedB. overstated C. overshadowed D. overwhelmed

Answers:
1C 2A 3D 4D 5C 6B 7B 8A 9A 10D

12
B. WRITTEN TEST
I. CLOZE TEST: Read the texts below and think of the word which best fits each space.
USe only ONE WORD for each space.

OPEN CLOZE 1
As petrol prices continue to (1).............. many people are looking for ways to reduce the
(2).............. of higher prices while still doing the driving necessary to their work and other
activities. (3).............. are some suggestions which will save you a (4).............. amount of
money on petrol.
1. Ask yourself every time you (5).............. to use your car, truck, SUV, or van, "Is this trip
really necessary?" Every mile you drive your vehicle will cost you at least an (6).............. of
36 cents. If the trip is not necessary, think twice before using your vehicle.
2. Drive at a (7).............. speed on the motorway. According to the Department of Energy,
most automobiles get about 20 percent more miles per gallon on the motorway at 55 miles per
hour than they do at 70 miles per hour.
3. Consider (8).............. an automobile which gets the best petrol mileage. For example,
generally, the following get better petrol mileage: lighter weight vehicles, vehicles with
smaller engines, vehicles with manual transmissions, those with four cylinders, and those with
fewer accessories. Check the "fuel economy" labels (9).............. to the windows of new
automobiles to find the average estimated miles per gallon for given makes and models.
4. Decrease the number of short trips you make. Short trips (10).............. reduce petrol
mileage. If an automobile gets 20 miles per gallon in general, it may get only 4 miles per
gallon on a short trip of 5 miles or less.

Answers:
1. escalate 2. burden 3. Below 4. considerable
5. plan 6. average 7. conservative 8. purchasing
9. attached 10. drastically

13
OPEN CLOZE 2

A Nobel Prize-winning scientist has proposed a controversial method for protecting Earth
from global warming: (1).............. the atmosphere with sulfur to reflect the sun’s rays. Paul
Crutzen of Germany's Max Planck Institute for Chemistry suggests (2).............. particles of
sulfur into the (3).............. - the upper layer of the atmosphere - to cool the planet and buy
time for humans to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The sulfur (4).............. would be
dropped from high-altitude balloons or fired into the atmosphere with heavy artillery shells.
Once airborne the particles would act like tiny mirrors, (5).............. the sun's light and heat
back into space. Crutzen’s plan would imitate the cooling effects of volcanic eruptions, which
send large sulfur-rich clouds into the atmosphere.

This is not the first time that scientists have suggested (6).............. with the Earth’s climate in
order to reduce the impact of global warming. John Latham and his colleagues had put
forward a plan to (7).............. up seawater to encourage cloud formation in the lower
atmosphere, (8).............. reflecting radiation back into space. Latham, who has commented on
Crutzen's idea, believes that his plan is (9).............., but that further investigation is needed.
Crutzen admits that there is risk of the sulfur becoming a health hazard if it rained back down
on earth. In addition there could be an increase in damage to the ozone layer and a whitening
of the sky. On the (10).............., sunsets and sunrises would become more spectacular.

Answers:
1.seeding 2. injecting 3. stratosphere 4. particles 5. bouncing
6. meddling 7. whisk 8. thereby 9. feasible 10. upside

14
II. WORD FORMATION
PART 1: Complete each sentence, using the correct form of the word in parentheses.
1. Patrician and charming, he controls his empire with quiet .............. from his office in St
Rémy, his native town. (PATERNAL)
2. At the beginning of the 19th century, Britain’s .............. was France. (ENEMY)
3. There is an .............. (CURRENT) of menace and barely suppressed violent that gives the
picture of symbolic edge.
4. Its .............. makes food distribution difficult. (ACCESS)
5. She stood there completely .............., so I had no idea at all what she was thinking.
(EXPRESS)
6. The majority of infected people are .............. and unaware of their condition. (SYMPTOM)
7. .............. conditions can be diagnosed from the early stage. (CANCER)
8. The new law represents a/an .............. intrusion into the privacy of the individual.
(JUSTIFY)
9. The draft law was passed by 134 votes to 19, with 5 .............. . (ABSTAIN)
10. Behavior, such as .............. and cooperation is not bred in the bone. (RECIPROCATE)

Answers:
1. paternalism 2. archenemy 3. undercurrent 4. inaccessibility 5. expressionless
6. asymptomatic 7. Precancerous 8. unjustifiable 9. abstentions 10. reciprocity

15
PART 2: Complete the passage with appropriate forms of the words given in the box.
With the rapid depletion of fossil fuel reserves, nuclear power is back on the political agenda
as the greenest and most realistic energy source for the future, not without (1).............. ,
though. Until recently, disasters such as Three Mile Island and Chernobyl underpinned the

HOLD CREDIT COGITATIVE ALLEGATION

RELY CONTROVERT CELERITY
HOSPITALITY PREDICT DEREQUISITION

commonly-held view that the technology was fundamentally (2)............... However, as

traditional fossil fuel counterparts choke the atmosphere and climate change reduces workable
pasture land to (3).............. deserts, a new tolerance may have to be (4).............. . Those who
once (5).............. it face the unsettling realization that nuclear power may be the least harmful
for future energy needs and the most viable in comparison with renewable energy sources like
wind, wave, and solar power.

(6).............. highlight the fact that nuclear power has no regulated air emissions, which means
no greenhouse gases; in terms of radioactivity, they (7).............. that fossil fuel equivalents,
such as coal, release far more radiation than nuclear power plants. They also list the number
of deaths per year that can be (8).............. to mining operations and question a (9).............. on
fossil fuel combustion that has brought the Earth to the brink of ecological catastrophe.
According to these arguments, nuclear power is the key to the (10).............. demands of our
energy-intense society.

Answers:
1. controversy 2. unpredictable 3. inhospitable 4. excogitated 5. relinquish
6. Upholders 7. allege 8. accredited 9. reliance 10. accelerating

16
III.ERROR CORRECTION
The following passage contain 10 errors. Identify and correct them.

An environmental history of mankind would have to be a history of the exploitation of

abundant natural resources, the spiral demand for these resources, and their inevitable
depletion. As humanity spread over the globe, leaving colonies in their wake, essential
resources such as coal, oil, and even fresh water were extracted through industrial mining and
manufacturing operations that had a massive impact on the Earth itself. That was once a
plethora of riches has inexorably declined, and entrepreneurs are now looking into the limits
of land, sea, and sky; the new target is the stars and, more especially, asteroids. Spinning
around the Sun are tens of thousands of asteroids, and scientists have convinced that these
mountain-like formations contain a treasure trove of minerals and metals. The asteroid 16
Psyche has enough iron–nickel ore to sustain the Earth for several million years. Even a
comparatively small asteroid could contain more than 2,000 million metric tons of serviceable
mineral-metal reserves. In addition, some asteroids have a high ice content which means that
they could be an economically viable source of fresh water. Large-scale mining of asteroids is
possibly the key to solve many of our escalating environmental problems. Any mining
venture contains an element of risk, however. Asteroids have traditionally been considered
dead perils lurking out in the dark depths of space, bided their time before smashing headlong
into our insignificant planet. In order to transplant mining operations from the Earth to the
stars, we need to find solutions to extensive safety and logistical problems.
Answers:

1. spiral (demand) spiraling 6. (more) especially specifically

2. over (the globe) across 7. have (convinced) are
3. their (wake) its 8. (to) solve solving
4. That (was once) What 9. dead (perils) deadly
5. into (the limits) beyond 10. bided (their time) biding

17
IV. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION
Rewrite the following sentences using the words given.

1. Coming second didn’t make her feel any better because she only wanted to win.
(CONSOLIDATION)
Coming second .......................................................................................
2. His analysis of the situation was far too complex for me to grasp. (HEAD)
His analysis of the situation .......................................................................................
3. The committee members said that they would remain loyal to the chairman.
(PLEDGED)
The committee members .......................................................................................
4. I can spend more time with my grandchildren when I retire. (FREE)
Retirement .......................................................................................
5. In the area, Thailand is much better than all other countries in football. (ABOVE)
In the area, .......................................................................................
6. They’ve been having discussions on the issue for over two weeks.
Discussions .......................................................................................
7. What put me off the idea was simply how expensive it was going to.
The sheer .......................................................................................
8. Every possible effort was made by orphanage to find the boy’s parents.
The orphanage left no stone .......................................................................................
9. Whatever the methods used to obtain the results, drugs were definitely not involved.
There was no question .......................................................................................
10. He threatened the officers with violence.
He made .......................................................................................

Answers:
1. Coming second was (of) no consolidation (to her) because winning was all that
mattered to her.
2. His analysis of the situation went right over my head.
3. The committee members pledged their loyalty to the chairman.
4. Retirement will free me up to spend more time with my grandchildren.
5. In the area, Thailand is head and shoulders above all other countries in football.
6. Discussions on the issue have been in progress for over two weeks.
7. The sheer expense/ cost was what put me off the idea.
8. The orphanage left no stone unturned in their attempt to find the boy’s parents.
9. There was no question of drugs being involved, whatever the methods used to obtain
the results.
10. He made threats of violence against the officers.

THE END

18