7

Science
Quarter 2 – Module 1:
Compound Microscope:
Parts and Functions
 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of
the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

JUNIOR HS MODULE DEVELOPMENT TEAM

Author : Maria Diana D. Tayag

Co-Author - Content Editor : Menandro S. Reyes
Co-Author - Language Reviewer : Jan Adams D. Magtanong
Co-Author - Illustrator : Mayla L. Constantino
Co-Author - Layout Artist : Karen R. Claveria
Co-Author - Team Leader : Menandro S. Reyes

DIVISION MANANGEMENT TEAM:

Schools Division Superintendent : Romeo M. Alip, PhD, CESO V
Asst. Schools Division Superintendent : William Roderick R. Fallorin, CESE
Chief Education Supervisor, CID : Milagros M. Peñaflor, PhD
Education Program Supervisor, LRMDS : Edgar E. Garcia, MITE
Education Program Supervisor, AP/ADM : Romeo M. Layug
Education Program Supervisor, Learning Area : Edwin Riel Bermillo
Project Development Officer II, LRMDS : Joan T. Briz
Division Librarian II, LRMDS : Rosita P. Serrano

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of Bataan

Office Address: Provincial Capitol Compound, Balanga City, Bataan
Telefax: (047) 237-2102
E-mail Address: bataan@deped.gov.ph
 7

SCIENCE
Quarter 2 – Module 1:
Compound Microscope:
Parts and Functions
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Science – Grade 7 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on

Compound Microscope: Parts and Functions!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by

educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or
facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum
while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also
aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

ii
For the learner:

Welcome to the Science – Grade 7 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on

Compound Microscope: Parts and Functions!

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often
used to depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create
and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies
and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

iii
 Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

iv
 What I Need to Know

This module will serve as a guide sheet for you to understand the parts and
functions of a compound microscope.

After finishing this module, the student should be able to:

1. identify parts of the microscope and their functions (S7LT-IIa-1); and
2. handle and maintain microscope properly.

1
 What I Know

Parts of the Microscope Word Search

Find the words.

S I E Y E P I E C E Q L Z N V T H

W T E T K K X Q Q M I V T S G I E

F O A M M H P U P G T W N A P E N

P N V G N Z H Y H U Y E S D U Q D

X J P J E Y E T B T L L T J S M U

T A Z E Z C S E A L S H D U Z R O

A R F I L O L K R M M C I S Y G Y

P F I L U H T I M G H G A T V O C

Q Q M R O P D N P E Z A P M S B V

I Y C C C K L O S S X Y H E T J A

N E J G F T M S X Q R E R N A E S

A G L B P V C E H U G H A T G C H

Y H T R V A W P T P V G M K E T E

B S M P O S I I O I M Z E N E I K

C A E G H O Y E Z A O L D O X V M

N T S U N H X C C V D D G B W E N

P G Z E J E T E C K Y V Z H V S Y

2
 Lesson

1 Parts of the Microscope

A microscope adds depth to science studies. It is an essential piece of

equipment for courses such as high school biology. Students of all ages can benefit
from access to a microscope.

The word microscope is derived from the Greek words small (little) and
scope (see at), and that’s what a microscope does. It permits clients to see at things
as well little to be seen by the bare eye. Microscopes have been around since the
late 1500’s when the earliest versions were created in the Netherlands.

A microscope is one of the more costly classroom investments. It is

important that students know how to utilize and care for it. Proper use begins
with understanding the parts of a microscope and each part’s function.

3
 What’s In

Arrange the jumbled letters to reveal the names of some parts of the microscope.

1. It protects the objectives from dust or dirt.

dstu siehld _____________________________________

2. They hold the glass slide in place.

tsage ilpsc ______________________________________

3. It is where the revolving nosepiece and the draw tube are attached.

bdoy ubet ______________________________________

4. It holds the objectives.

osen iecpe __________________________________________

5. It supports the entire body of the microscope.

ebsa ___________________________________________

Notes to the Teacher

This module was designed to the students to learn about microscope. They
will enable to identify the different parts and functions of microscope. This
will help them to understand the basic parts of microscope so that they are
ready to dive into a world previously unseen.

4
 What’s New

Match the parts of the microscope with their functions. Put the letter next to the
part of the microscope that fits the description.

1. Adjustment knob: ______ A. The focal point the viewer looks

through to see the specimen

2. Stage: ______ B. Holds two or more objective lenses

and can be rotated to change power

3. Arm: ______ C. Located on the side of the frame,

used to adjust the focus of the
microscope

4. Light source: ______ D. Holds the slide in place on the

stage

5. Diaphragm: _____ E. Light or mirror that projects light

through the diaphragm

6. Eyepiece: ______ F. The lens or system of lenses in a

microscope that is nearest the object
being viewed

7. Stage clips: ______ G. Located on the stage, adjusts the

amount of light passing into slide

8. Objectives: _______ H. The bottom of the microscope,

used for support

9. Base: _______ I. Supports upper part of the

microscope

10. Nosepiece: _______ J. Small platform where the specimen

is mounted for examination

5
 What is It

There are many types of microscopes that can be used

according to the object that needs to be seen. However, the compound microscope
is the one often used in schools. Here are the parts of the compound microscope
and their functions.

Photo:http://dvbiology.org/biologyweb/labmicroscope_files/image002.jpg

6
Table 1 Parts of the compound microscope and their functions

Part Function

It is where one looks through to see the image of the

Ocular lens or Eyepiece
specimen.

It is along tube that holds the eyepiece and connects to

Body tube
the objectives.

It is a rotating part of the microscope at the bottom of

Revolving Nosepiece
the body tube. It is also holds the objective lenses.

It is to assemble lights and improve magnification

a. scanning objective – with 4x magnification
b. low power objective – with 10x magnification
c. high power objective – with 40x magnification
d. oil immersion objective with 100x magnification

Objectives By knowing the magnification of the eyepiece and

the objectives, you can solve for the total magnification
of the microscope. To do this, multiply the magnification
of the eyepiece with the magnification of the objective.
For example, the magnification of a scanning objective is
4x and the magnification of the eyepiece is 10x.
Therefore, the total magnification of the microscope is
(4x) (10x) = 40x. This means that the microscope can
magnify an object 40 times (40x).

Arm It is used to carry the microscope with.

Coarse Adjustment
It is a large, round knob on the side of the microscope.
Knob

Fine Adjustment Knob It is a small round knob on the side of the microscope.

It is a large, flat area under the objectives. The slide is

Stage
placed on the stage for viewing.

These are the clips on top of the stage which hold the
Stage Clips
slide in place.

Diaphragm It controls the amount of light on the specimen.

It is the source of light which is usually found near the

Light source or mirror base of microscope. The light source makes it easier to
see the specimen to be observed.

Base It supports the microscope.

7
 HOW TO USE THE MICROSCOPE

Photo: clip art kidsabcteach.com

The microscope is an expensive instrument. It needs to be handled carefully and

proper.
The following are ways on using a microscope.
1. To transfer your microscope from the shelf to your table, carry it with two
hands. Hold the arm with one hand and place the other hand beneath the
base for support.
2. Place the microscope on you table with the arm pointing toward you.
3. Check the lighting of the room. Make sure you have enough light to view
the specimen.
4. Raise the body tube by turning the coarse adjustment knob.
5. Turn the revolving nosepiece. Set the objective lens to the lowest power.
The lowest power is the shortest objective lens. As you revolve the nose
piece, you will hear a “click” sound indicating that you set it in position.
6. Place the glass slide on the stage and position it in the middle. And use
the stage clip to hold the slide in place.
7. Turn the coarse adjustment knob carefully to lower the body tube as near
as it will go without touching the glass slide. Look at the stage side to
side.
8. Look through the eyepiece to adjust the light that is passing through the
microscope. You can adjust the mirror to reflect the greatest amount of
light.
9. Slowly turn the coarse adjustment knob to move the objective lens up.
Continue until the image comes to focus. Use the fine adjustment knob to
finer focusing.
10. To turn to the highest power objective, look at the microscope from the
side. The highest power objective is the longest objective lens. Then turn
the revolving nosepiece until the highest power objective clicks into place.
11. Look through the eyepiece and slowly turn the coarse adjustment knob to
focus the image. Use the fine adjustment knob for fine focusing.
12. When finished, raise the body tube and position the lowest power
objective lens. Remove the glass slide and return the microscope to its
shelf.

8
 What’s More

Fill in the blanks. Choose your answer inside the box.

fine adjustment arm

diaphragm base

compound stage

revolving nosepiece 500x

1000x Low power

1. In focusing a specimen, you should always begin with the ___________________

objective.

2. In using the high power objective, only the ___________________ knob should
be utilized.

3. ______________ microscope is used in most science class.

4. Which part of the microscope can adjust the amount of light that hits the slide?
______________________.

5. By the ________ and the __________, we should carry the microscope.

6. The objectives are connected to what part of the microscope _______________.

7. The glass slide is placed on the __________for viewing.

8. If a microscope has an ocular objective of 20x and a high power objective of

50x. What is this microscope's total magnification?

9
 What I Have Learned

• Microscope is used to enlarge image of an object. It is

used to see objects that can’t be seen by the naked eye.
• Compound microscope is made up of lenses. When
light passes through a lens, it bends making the image
appear to increase size.
• Microscope is an expensive instrument. Handle it carefully
and properly.
• Image formed under the microscope is different from the
original specimen. The image formed is always upside
down. When you move the glass slide, the image will
always move to other side.
• The numbers found in the eyepiece and objective lens
determine how big the enlargement of the image seen
under the microscope.

10
 What I Can Do

A. Label the parts of the microscope below by putting your answers inside the
box.

B. Fill in table 1 with the names and functions of each microscope part above.

Table 1:

Part Name Function

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.

11
 Assessment

Read the questions below. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. Controls the sum of light coming to the specimen

A. Objectives B. Base C. Nosepiece D. Diaphragm

2. Assemble lights and improve magnification

A. Light source B. Eyepiece C. Objectives D. Tube

3. Light or mirror that projects light through the diaphragm

A. Stage clips B. Light source C. Tube D. Arm

4. The level platform where you put your slides

A. Arm B. Diaphragm C. Base D. Stage

5. Hold the slide/specimen in place

A. Eyepiece B. Nosepiece C. Stage D. Stage clip

6. Supports upper part of the microscope

A. Light source B. Arm C. Diaphragm D. Base

7. Connects the eyepiece to the objective lenses

A. Eyepiece B. Stage C. Diaphragm D. Tube

8. Holds two or more objective lenses and can be rotated to change power

A. Nosepiece B. Tube C. Diaphragm D. Base

12
B. Answer true or false to each statements

_______1. On high power, you should use the coarse adjustment knob
_______2. In the diaphragm we determines how much light shines on the
specimen
_______3. The lower power objective has more magnification than the medium
power objective
_______4. The fine focus knob moves the stage up and down
_______5. Images viewed in the microscope will appear upside down
_______6. If the slide is thick, only parts of the specimen may come into focus
_______7. The type of microscope you are using is the scanning microscope
_______8. For viewing, microscope slides should be placed on the objective
_______9. In order to switch from low to high power, you must rotate the
revolving nosepiece
_______10. The total magnification of a microscope is determined by adding the
ocular lens power to the objective lens power

13
 Additional Activities
Good Job! Now you know the different parts of compound microscope and its
function and also how to use and handle it properly.

Did you know that in early 2011, the United Kingdom researchers came up with
the most powerful optical microscope with the highest resolution that uses only
glass beads as source of magnification. The said microscope can magnify objects
even as far as billionth meters (nanometer) and has the ability to see very tiny
molecules.

Now, you can try to decode the mystery words to help you identify some words
associated to the level of biological organization.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
A B C D E F G H I J K L M
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

1. The basic unit of life 4. A group of organ systems that

carry out all the jobs needed for
3 5 12 12 their survival
15 18 7 1 14 9 19 13

2. A group of similar cells that work together to 5. A group of different tissues

carry out a specific task working together to perform a
particular job
20 9 19 19 21 5 15 18 7 1 14

3. A group of different organs that work together

to complete a series of tasks (two words)

15 18 7 1 14 5 19 25 19 20 5 13

14
 15
Assessment
1. D 8. A
2. C
3. B
Additional
4. D
activities 5. D
1. cell 6. D
2. tissue 7. D
3. organ system
4. organism
5. organ 1. False 8. True
2. false 9. true
3. false 10. false
4. false
5. true
6. true
7. false
What Can I Do
1. Tube 10.arm
2. Nosepiece 11. stage
3. low power objective 12. Coarse
adjustment
4. scanning objective 13. Fine
adjustment
5.high power objective 14. base
6.stage clip
7.diaphragm
What’s more What’s New:
1.low power objective 1. C 6. A What’s In
2.fine adjustment knob 2. J 7. D 1. dust shield
3.compound 3. I 8. F 2. stage clip
microscope 4. E 9. H 3. body tube
4.diaphragm 5. G 10. B 4. nosepiece
5.arm and base 5. base
6. revolving nosepiece
7. stage
8. 500x
Answer Key
What I know

S I E Y E P I E C E Q L Z N V T H

W T E T K K X Q Q M I V T S G I E

F O A M M H P U P G T W N A P E N

P N V G N Z H Y H U Y E S D U Q D

X J P J E Y E T B T L L T J S M U

T A Z E Z C S E A L S H D U Z R O

A R F I L O L K R M M C I S Y G Y

P F I L U H T I M G H G A T V O C

Q Q M R O P D N P E Z A P M S B V

I Y C C C K L O S S X Y H E T J A

N E J G F T M S X Q R E R N A E S

A G L B P V C E H U G H A T G C H

Y H T R V A W P T P V G M K E T E

B S M P O S I I O I M Z E N E I K

C A E G H O Y E Z A O L D O X V M

N T S U N H X C C V D D G B W E N

P G Z E J E T E C K Y V Z H V S Y

16
References
Delfin, Angeles, Crisostomo Lieza, Quinsaat Darwin, and Toledo Salina. Science
Vistas 7. Reprint, Antonio Arnaiz cor. Chino Roces Avenues, Makati City:
SalesianaBOOKS by Don Bosco Press, Inc., 2013

Department of Education (2012).Science 7– Learner’s Material. First Edition

Meliza, Valdoz, Abistado Jonna, and Mariano Jan Jason. Science Links. 1st ed.
Reprint, 856 Nicanor Reyes Sr. St. C.M. Recto Avenue Manila, Philippines:
REX Book Store, 2013

17
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Region III,

Schools Division of Bataan - Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resources Management and Development Section (LRMDS)

Provincial Capitol Compound, Balanga City, Bataan

Telefax: (047) 237-2102

Email Address: bataan@deped.gov.ph