Chapter - 10

Force and Friction (Part – 3)

Answer the following:

6. What is friction? How is it caused?

The resistance to motion experienced when two surfaces in contact move

with respect to each other is called friction.
Cause of friction:
Friction is caused due to interlocking of irregularities found on the two surfaces in
contact with each other.

7. What are the factors affecting frictional force?

The two main factors affecting frictional force are:

a) The nature of the surfaces in contact
b) The mass of the object
In general, rough surfaces will offer larger friction than smooth surfaces.
The heavier the object, the greater will be the frictional force.

8. What are the different types of friction? Explain in detail

There are four types of friction. They are limiting friction, static friction, sliding
friction and rolling friction.

Limiting friction:
The maximum force of friction when an object is just beginning to move is called
limiting friction.

Static friction:
The friction that exists between the two surfaces in contact when there is no
relative motion between them is called static friction.

Sliding friction:
The friction that exists between the surfaces when a body slides on the surface of
another is called sliding friction.

Rolling friction:
The friction that exists between the when a body rolls on the surface of another,
is called rolling friction.

Experimentally, it has been proved that,

Static friction > Sliding friction > Rolling friction
9. Why is rolling friction less than sliding friction?

Rolling friction is less than sliding friction because while rolling an object,
the irregularities do not get enough time to interlock with each other whereas in
sliding friction they get more time to interlock.