LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

QUARTER _SECOND_ / WEEK 2

Name:______________________________________ Score:____________
Grade & Section _____________________________ Subject: __MAPEH_8_
Name of Teacher: ____________________________ Date: _____________

I. Title: Musical Elements of South, Central and West Asia

II. Type of Activity: / Concept notes with formative activities

LAS for summative assessment ( Written Work Performance

Task)

III.MELC: Analyzes musical elements of selected songs and instrumental pieces

heard and performed; MU8WS-IIIc-h-4
IV. Learning Objective/s: Describe the musical elements of selected songs of
India, Pakistan, Israel and Arabia; Compare and contrast the history, in relation
to music, of South, Central and West Asian Countries; analyze the musical
elements of different musical ensembles of South, Central and West Asia.
V. Reference/s

For Print Material/s: (Please include title, author and page number)
Learning Guide in Grade 8 MAPEH Pages 104 - 135

For Online Resource/s: (Please include website, URL and date accessed)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JGwWNGJdvx8
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MUXPL4rZL_E
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=Pakistani+Ghazal-
Payam+e+Mashriq%E2%80%99s+Ghaza
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AxUtC7wKw_M
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R9iNXfzZfOE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Vd6xbQDTYs
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pLQibliF0x8

VI. Concept notes with formative activities

SOUTH ASIA: INDIA
India's classical music tradition, includes Carnatic and Hindustani
music which have developed over many centuries. Music of India also
includes several types of folk and popular music. One aspect of vocal music uses
melismatic singing with nasal vocal quality, when compared with the Philippine music
which uses melismatic singing is only used in chanting epics and the pasyon.

Singing based on a set of pitches was popular even during the Vedic times. The
Samagana style of singing developed into a strong and diverse tradition over several
centuries, becoming an established part of contemporary tradition in India. The
hymns in Sama Veda, a sacred text, were sung as Samagana and not chanted.
Sama Veda is the third of the four Vedas of Hinduism but ranks next to Rig Veda
(Rigveda) in terms of its sanctity and liturgical importance.

Rig Veda is also sung in the Samagana traditional singing style. Because of its
liturgical importance, Rigveda is counted as first among the four canonical sacred
texts of Hinduism known as Vedas. Rig Veda is an ancient Indian sacred collection
of Vedic Sanskrit hymns. Some of its verses are still recited as Hindu prayers at
religious functions and other occasions.

Characteristics of Traditional Music from India:

1. Carnatic music
 refers to music from South India
 directed to a Hindu god, which is why it is called “temple music”

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  unlike Hindustani music, Carnatic music is unified where schools are based
on the same ragas, the same solo instruments (veena, flute, violin) and the
same rhythm instrument (mridangam and ghatam)
 music pieces are mainly set for the voice and with lyrics
 compositions called krti are devotional songs
2. Hindustani music
 goes back to Vedic period times around 1000 BC
 further developed in the 13th and 14th centuries AD with Persian influences
and from existing religious and folk music
 predominantly found in the northern and central regions
 influenced by ancient Hindu musical traditions, historical Vedic religion/Vedic
philosophy, native Indian sounds and enriched by the Persian performance
practices of the Mughal era
 nasal singing is observed in their vocal music
 in North India, the most common style of singing is called khyal, a word which
means imagination

Rhythm plays an important role in Indian music. It is fundamental to the creation of

any musical system. Certainly, from a historical stand point, rhythm existed many
centuries ago before the word “rag” was ever used. Given this historical pre-
eminence, it is not surprising that rhythm occupies an important position in the Indian
system of music.

 Tala - literally meaning ‘clap;’ variously transliterated as “tal”, “taal” or “taala”

- is a regular, repeating rhythmic phrase, particularly as rendered on a
percussive instrument with an ebb and flow of various intonations represented
as a ''theka''
- is the common Indian system of rhythm
 Theka - a sequence of drum-syllables or ''bol''
- in Indian classical music, both Hindustani classical music and Carnatic music
use complex rules to create elaborate patterns of rhythm
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 Tabla - most common instrument for keeping rhythm in Hindustani music
 Mridangam - most common instrument for keeping rhythm in Carnatic music
- also transliterated as “mridang”

CENTRAL ASIA: PAKISTAN

Pakistan is known for its two vocal styles in singing:
1. Ghazal
 traditional expressions of love, separation, and loneliness; It tells about both
the pain of loss of the lover and the beauty of love in spite of that pain.
 its structural requirements are more strict than those of most poetic forms
traditionally written in English
 is considered by many to be one of the principal poetic forms in the Persian
civilization
 can be sung by both men and women

2. Qawwali
 the devotional music of the Chishti Order
 a vibrant musical tradition that stretches back more than 700 years
 originally performed mainly at Sufi shrines throughout the subcontinent and
gained mainstream popularity

WEST ASIA: ISRAEL and ARABIA

A. Israeli Music
Israeli singers have a distinctive vocal style. They sing with guttural and throaty
enunciation.
Two Divisions of Jewish Music
1. Devotional
 almost entirely vocal
 featured during Sabbath and other holy days
 the art of Hazan (leader of prayer in synagogue) has always been evident in
the culture
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  shofar is a special call to prayer and repentance; it is sounded on the High
Holidays (the Jewish New Year and Day of Atonement)
2. Secular
 instruments and voice are used
 played during life passage events
 context lies outside the religious domain
 very rhythmic and have popular and romantic texts

B. Arabic Music
Arabic Maqam is distinctively unique to Arabian music because of its technique of
improvisation. It is the system of melodic modes used in traditional Arab music.
Arabian rhythmic pattern or cycle is analyzed by means of rhythmic units.
1. Wazn
 literally means “measure”
 performed on the goblet drum, frame drum, and kettle drum
 only used in musical genres with a fixed rhythmic-temporal organization
including recurring measures, motifs, and pulse
2. Iqa
 the rhythmic pattern in Arabian music
 reputed to be over 100 iqa, but many of them have fallen out of fashion and
are rarely used in performance
 the greatest varieties of iqa (or iqa’at as pronounced) range from two to 48
beats
 are used in the muwashahat (an Andalusian musical form) where every
syllable of the lyric must fall on a beat

TASK 1: You can do this

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Instructions/Directions: MULTIPLE CHOICE. Write your answer on separate sheet of
paper.

1. Which statement does not describe Pakistan music?

a. It has two styles of vocal singing, Ghazals and Qawalli.
b. Punjabi music strengthens the importance of musical instruments.
c. Distinctively unique for technique in improvisation called Arabic Maqam
d. Its significant instruments are Tabla, Dholak, Harmonium and Rubab.
2. The primary rhythmic accompaniment in Hindustani music ensemble in India
a. Tabla b. Mridangam c. Pakhawaj d. Dhol
3. Which does not describe India?
a. The largest country of South Asia, c. the country of countries
b. the land of prayer d. Focused in Education
4. Which Indian style of singing by holding down one syllable while moving through
the several notes
a. Gutteral b. Melismatic c. Falsetto d. Chanting
5. Classical music of South India is on Carnatic, as to what characterize the music of
North India?
a. Carnatic b. Hindustani c. Melismatic d. Samagana

TASK 2.
Instructions/Directions: SHAPE OF YOU. Watch and listen to the music
video of Shape Of You by Ed Sheeran and Indian Mix (Feat. Aditya
Rao) | New Age Carnatic. Answer the guide questions that follows in a
separate sheet of paper.

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 Ed Sheeran - Shape of You (Official Shape Of You Indian Mix (Feat.
Music Video) Aditya Rao) | New Age Carnatic
https://www.youtube.com/watch? https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=JGwWNGJdvx8 v=MUXPL4rZL_E

Guide questions:

1. What is the title of the song?

2. What do you think is the nationality of the singer in the first video? Second
video?
3. Which of the two video sounds like South Asian music?
4. How do you differentiate their way of singing?
5. Which of the two songs perform a melismatic way of singing?

TASK 3. You can do more

Instructions/Directions: CARNATIC VS HINDUSTANI. Study the
words written in the box. Identify which word fits the description of
Carnatic and Hindustani music. Write your answers separate sheet of
paper.

KHYAL TEMPLE MUSIC UNIFIED NORTHERN

KRTI SOUTHERN LYRICAL IMAGINATION

PERSIAN INFLUENCE NASAL SINGING

CARNATIC HINDUSTANI
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 TASK 4:
Instructions/Directions: Identify which country (INDIA, PAKISTAN,
ISRAEL, ARABIA) uses the following musical elements. Write your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.

_____ 1. They uses Samagana style of singing

_____ 2. Their rhythmic pattern s called Iqa
_____ 3. Singers have a distinctive vocal style. They sing with guttural and throaty
enunciation
_____ 4. Their rhythm is also called tala which is a regular, repeating rhythmic
phrase
_____5. Their vocal style in singing is Gazal, traditional expressions of love,
separation, and loneliness

TASK 5. Challenge Yourself

Instructions/Directions: PEACE, ORDER AND ORGANIZE! Compare and
contrast the music of Pakistan from the music of India. Draw this diagram
on a sheet of paper and fill in the spaces

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 PAKISTAN ISRAEL

DIFFERENCES

SIMILARITIES

TASK 6. Level Up
Instructions/Directions; Analyze the following musical ensembles and
check its appropriate musical elements.

RHYTHM TEMPO DYNAMICS TIMBRE

NARROW RANGE

INSTRUMENTAL
WIDE RANGE
IRREGULAR

IRREGULAR
REGULAR

REGULAR

VOCAL

1. Pakistani Ghazal-Payam e
Mashriq’s Ghaza
https://www.youtube.com/resul
ts?

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 search_query=Pakistani+Ghaz
al-Payam+e+Mashriq
%E2%80%99s+Ghaza
2. Michigan Arab Orchestra-
Fantasie Nahawand Mona and
Ahmed Fekry- Muwashahat
https://www.youtube.com/watc
h?v=AxUtC7wKw_M
3. Galaxy of Musicians by Raja
Ravi Varma
https://www.youtube.com/wat
ch?v=R9iNXfzZfOE

TASK 7.
Instructions/Directions: RIG YOUR HEART WITH PASYON!
(1) Watch a music video of Rig Veda with English subtitles
performed by Sri Suktam and a video example of Philippine
Pasyon filmed in Bulacan. (2) Listen to the melody and rhythm of both selections.
(3) Describe the musical elements of the vocal and instrumental parts used in both
songs. (4) write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

Music #1 Rig Veda by Sri Music #2 Philippine Pasyon in

ELEMENTS Suktam Music Bulacan
OF MUSIC (https://www.youtube.com/watc (https://www.youtube.com/watch
h?v=0Vd6xbQDTYs) ?v=pLQibliF0x8)

RHYTHM

TEMPO

DYNAMICS

TIMBRE

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 TASK 8
Instructions/Directions: Tell something about the musical characteristics of South,
Central and West Asia. Write your answer on the space provided. Be guided by the
rubrics below.

SOUTH ASIA CENTRAL ASIA WEST ASIA

____________________
____________________
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Rubrics 5 4 3 2 1
Explanation A complete Good solid Good solid Explanation Misses key
response response response is unclear. points.
with a with clear with
detailed explanation explanation
explanation . .
Demonstrat Show Shows Shows Response Response
ed complete substantial significant shows some shows a
knowledge understandi understandi understandi understandi complete
ng of the ng of the ng of the ng of the lack of
question. question. question. question. understandi
ng.
Relationshi Clear Relationshi Relationshi Relationship Relationshi
ps between relationship ps between ps between s between ps between
ideas and between ideas and ideas and ideas and ideas and
concepts ideas and concepts concepts concepts concepts
concepts. are are are evident. are unclear.
substantial. significant.

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 Excellent: 14-15 Very good: 12-13 Good: 10-11 Fair: 8-9 Poor: 6-7

VII. Notes to teachers:

(Reminders/ Additional Instructions)

Rubrics ( if needed)

VIII. Answer Key to the Tasks:

TASK 1

1. D 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. B

TASK 2

1. Shape of you

2. 1st: Western; 2nd: Indian

3. Second

4. The singing of the second video has many curls

5. Second video

TASK 3

CARNATIC MUSIC HINDUSTANI MUSIC

Krti Khyal
Southern Northern
Temple Music Nasal Singing
Lyrical Persian Influence
Unified Imagination

TASK 4

1. INDIA 2. ARABIA 3. ISRAEL 4. INDIA 5. PAKISTAN

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TASK 5

(Answers may vary)

Differences: Pakistan: Vocal music is Gazal and Qawwali, Israel is

Devotional and Secular

SIMILARITIES: both have music for religious and secular

TASK 6

1. Pakistani: Irregular, Irregular, Wide range, Vocal and instrumental

2. Arab: Regular, Regular, Wide range, Instrumental

3. Galaxy of musicians: Irregular, Irregular, Wide range,

TASK 7

Rhythm: irregular regular

Tempo: irregular regular

Dynamic wide range narrow range

Timbre: vocal/instrumental vocal/instrumental

TASK 8

(Answers may vary)

South Asia: they are using Melismatic and Samagana style of singing and
their music is highly spiritual in character

Central Asia: they have two style of singing, the Ghazal and Qawalli

West Asia: they also have two style of vocal music: devotional and secular for
Israel while Wazn and Iqa for Arabia

Prepared By:

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RUTH ANTHONY A. LANGBAYAN
Teacher II
ILOCOS SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

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