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FORM TP 2015159 %. MAY/JUNE 20I5

CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL

CARIBBEAN ADVANCED PROFICIENCY EXAMINATION@

CHEMISTRY

UNIT 2 -Paper 02

2 hours 30 minutes

READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY.

I . This paper consists of SIX questions in TWO sections. Answer ALL questions.

2. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.

3. Do NOT write in the margins.

4. Where appropriate, ALL WORKING MUST BE SHOWN in this booklet.

5. A data booklet is provided.

6. You may use a silent, non-programmable calculator to answer questions.

7. If you need to rewrite any answer and there is not enough space to do so on the
original page, you must use the extra lined page(s) provided at the back of this booklet.
Remember to draw a line through your original answer.

8. If you use the extra page(s) you MUST write the question number clearly in the
box provided at the top of the extra page(s) and, where relevant, include the
question part beside the answer.

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.

Copyright @ 2014 Caribbean Examinations Council

All riehts reserved.
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SECTION A

AnswerALL questions.

MODULE 1

THE CHEMISTRY OF CARBON COMPOUNDS

l. propane is one ofthe major components of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). The petroleum industry
uses a process to produce another alkane and two alkenes from propane according to the equation
below.

2 CH3CH2CH, (e) B (g) + C (g) + cHr: cHr(s) + tl, (e)

(a) (i) Identify the process represented by the equation'

ii;;;*i
(ii) State the conditions at A.

I mark]

(iii) Write the condensed structural formulae of

C
[2 marksl

(b) (i) Account for the tetravalency of the c4rbon atom'

[2 marksl

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Aqueous bromine will only react with propane in sunlight but aqueous bromine
-l
reacts quickly with propene without sunlight.

Using appropriate notation and equations, explain the steps involved in the
mechanism ofthe chemical reaction of aqueous bromine with propane (in sunlight)
OR aqueous bromine with propene (without sunlight).

[4 marksl

(iii) Name the mechanism of the reaction selected in (b) (ii).

I mark]

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(c) Describe the observations expected when

(i) aqueous bromine is added to liquid heptane (in sunlight)

d;il;i
(i i) acidified potassium permanganate solution is added to liquid heptene (without
sunlight.

[2 marks]

Total 15 marks

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MODULE 2

ANALYTICAL METHODS AND SEPARATION TECHNIQUES

2. (a) In a titrimetric analysis, state ONE operation which can affect

(i) accuracy

[1 markl

(i i) precision.

I markl

+- (b) List TWO requirements which a primary standard reagent that is to be used in a titrimetric
I*
* analysis must satisfy.
;
.*,

[2 marksl

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(c) In a thermometric titration, 25 cm3 of 2 mol dmr NaOH were used to determine the
concentration of hydrochloric ac id.

(i) Using the results in Table l, plot a graph of temperature against volume of acid
on the axes Provided on Page 7.

TABLE I: RESULTS OFTITRATION

Volume of Acid (cmt) Temperature ("C)

[4 marksl

of the acid'
(i i) Hence, determine the end-point volume

... ..1.............
[1 mark]

(i ii) Calculate the concentration of the acid'

[2 marks]
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Volume of acid (cm3)

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(d) Outline the experimental steps for this type of titration.

[4 marksl

Total 15 marks

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 r MODULE
9-

INDUSTRY AND THE ENVIRONMENT

3. (a) Sulfuric acid is manufactured in industry by a process known as the Contact Process. The
slowest step during the process is the conversion of SO, to SO, which can be represented
by the equation:

2 so' (g) + o, (g) <---= 2 so, (8), AH : -197 kJ mol-'

List the THREE ways in which the rate of SO, production can be improved.

t: [3 marksl
i*-:

itt-': (b) The manufacturing conditions utilized during the Contact Process can be optimized by
+'-
rt'- considering Le Chatelier's principle.

(i) State Le Chatelier's principle.

I markl

(ii) What general conditions oftemperature and pressure are predicted by Le Chatelier's
principle in order for the MAXIMUM yield of SO, to be obtained?

Temperature

Pressure
[2 marks]

:---l:
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(iii) Describe how the sulfur trioxide produced is converted to concentrated sulfuric
acid.

[2 marks]

(iv) Write TWO equations to represent the process that you described in (b) (iii).

[4 marks]

(v) Outline the safety considerations that guide the process in (b) (iii).

[3 marks]

Total 15 marks

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SECTION B

Answer ALL questions.

MODULE 1

THE CHEMISTRY OF CARBON COMPOUNDS

4. (a) Distinguish between'addition polymerization' and'condensation polymerization'.

[4 marksl

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(b) List TWO classes of naturally occurring polymers, giving an example of ONE.

[3 marks]

(c) Terylene is a co-polymer formed from the monomers ethane-1, 2-diol and benzene-1,
4-dicarboxylic acid.

Using a chemical equation, show how terylene can be formed from the two monomers.

[4 marksl

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- t3 -

The structure, A, shown below represents the repeating unit of a polymeric substance.
I

H CH. H
ll- I
{;-N-C-C-
lll
N-CH.-C "tl -
HO o

Deduce the structural formulae of the monomers used to form the polymer'

[4 marks]

Total 15 marks

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MODULE 2

ANALYTICAL METHODS AND SEPARATION TECHNIQUES

(a) Explain how chromatography can be used to separate a mixture of dyes.

"tj
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[4 marksl

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(b) Figure I shows the separation of a mixture of amino acids, obtained in the hydrolysis of
a dipeptide, on a thin layer chromatography (TLC) plate.

Solvent front

o- r3.5 cm

12.5 cm

a * G.t

Mixture of amino acids

Figure l. The separation of a mixture of amino acids

(i) Explain how the presence of the components can be detected.

[2 marks]

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(i i) Calculate the R.(retention factor) values of Q and R'

[3 marksl

(iii)SuggestTworeasonsforthedifferenceintheR,valuesofRandQ.

[2 marksl

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-17 -

The methods of thin layer chromatography and column chromatography are both similar
-l
and different. Assess the methods of these two types of chromatography in relation to
their uses.

[4 marksl

Total 15 marks

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MODULE 3

INDUSTRY AND THE ENVIRONMENT

Using an appropriate annotated

6. (a) chlorine is considered to be the most important halogen.
use of a diaphragm cell' Include
diagram, describe how chlorine can be produced through
the equations occurring at EACH electrode'

6;;ili

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(b) Explain why there are health concerns associated with the use and disposal ofthe diaphragm
cell.

[3 marksl

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One of the major uses of chlorine is in the production of organic compounds

known as
chlorofl uorocarbons (C FCs).

(i) Assess the impact of CFCs on the environment'

[3 marksl

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( ii) "Like CFCs, the products of the combustion of fossil fuels also have a negative
i-trF-:
effect on the environment."

Suggest THREE reasons to support this statement.

[3 marksl

Total 15 marks

END OF TEST

ON THIS TEST'
IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK

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