Coss-2

Brmch
Aorzaneh reprerg n a
ig olanef ach an

Volae SouC or a reAS

aircut
aircw han e
brovelnn .
Abraneh rupreib Oso
e
hermna elam

Node:
A noda i po odamacton bnaoan hao or
vorL loRANeh

Te eirount kan 3nal

@) a,b,c

Loop: A loop in closd path in a eirc bt a J

Com Ctain vouon odher loop.

Te creut han 3loop

2 mmer lcop.
1 t e loop
and loop
oop
A eork ic bargmeh,n.moda
eorem ncthoonk
ndomerida
dhois
ropolcc b + n -1
 o On elemed ane
mor
nodu md cert em«uav
exouniven, shan ingls a

CwTRedd.
CAJoWtua namna

eammenf
morL
mmd corvbequrb
Conmoeted Ap-h Aam hoo mods t
haue -e boms votlaga aerom ham

Jvmetiom wwhere at Jeart-

point
A neion. n oa
P o eet'

nhi elrem
hore ne o o nethom
, b

Tan u thre branehes

Hh w pathn from
Ado o b .

Men:
4 a cloredd poth o elecnue cinek
thnaa nen a ewm cam o bboeno
elered pth heru in mo ohen, cloriesd p h
rmde .
 Tmedn
Loop AGE F
LP BePe

LoopAeDE miin
M.

Onmo lao
Ohm'b Las slde h o vodra oera a
neisaar in diacet propaztional tet
Seina {hrough t aucto
V
> V-1R.

Ohmo loo
non-inan
no nox oppucabl toha
diodes 2eneor diodes, voJstog ragdon
davicapb
davieen ueh an ,

- mealic
does doesmat hold good p
Cnduee ueln m
licon caride
V K1. uhore K,m
e condvetor in aivev
egvsamn.
h Aincllh tawn

KinekoS Valhage law (KVLY

Kclhe eLwet lao cueL)

OKVLe
adgobrae num o a vattoge Are
The
alon poh (on loop) i 2eco.
*
N voldtnge pp= nd vetlag. darp
* Nat
enenay supel = h enena emmd

Em+1e(oHrge cra o/Em-I

o l l Lowo o Caneruotim of
anra

rse in
poteahia (tvee)
trpin paeiod (-va
or vottug deop
KeL
Te
Te agrbnaue um o ciertn ardecr a mds

or aclaned loovmdom n eno

oerrvorNOn

ncmuvg ewUet = otzoig