Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Reviewer For 3rd PT
Reviewer For 3rd PT
For Gregor Mendel, pea plants were fundamental in allowing him to understand the
means by which traits are inherited between parent and offspring. He chose pea
plants because they were easy to grow, could be bred rapidly, and had several
observable characteristics, like petal color and pea color.
in addition to recording how the plants in each generation looked, Mendel counted
the exact number of plants that showed each trait. Strikingly, he found very
similar patterns of inheritance for all seven features he studied:
One form of a feature, such as tall, always concealed the other form, such as
short, in the first generation after the cross. Mendel called the visible form
the dominant trait and the hidden form the recessive trait.
Mendel also found that the features were inherited independently: one feature,
such as plant height, did not influence inheritance of other features, such as
flower color or seed shape.
KEYWORDS:
1. Allele – Different form of a trait
2. Genotype – The gene make-up of a trait expressed as a set of Capital and lower
case letters
3. Phenotype – The physical presentation of the genetic expression
4. Dominant – The trait that expresses itself over another
5. Recessive – The trait that is masked or hidden by the dominant trait.
6. Homozygous – Having the same two alleles for a genetic trait.
7. Heterozygous – Having two different alleles for a genetic trait.
8. Homozygous Dominant – FF
9. Homozygous Recessive – ff
10. Heterozygous - Ff
MENDEL'S LAWS
Rule of Unit Factors in Pairs
one unit factor in a pair may mask the expression of the other
Law of Segregation
two alleles of one trait segregate from each other during gamete formation
when more than one pair of characters are involved in a cross , factor pairs
assort independent of each other.
Punnett Square