PARAGUYA, ALVIE MAE T.

BSHM 1B
OM 101
Chapter 1 Foundations of Management and Organization

Activity 1
1. What is Productivity - Productivity is defined as a total output per one unit
of a total input. In control management, productivity is a measure of how
efficiently a process runs and how effectively it uses resources. Output is
simply the rate of which goods are being produced and readied for sale.

2. Management - Management is the coordination and administration of

tasks to achieve a goal. Such administration activities include setting the
organization's strategy and coordinating the efforts of staff to accomplish
these objectives through the application of available resources.

3. Skill - Management skills are a collection of abilities that include things such
as business planning, decision-making, problem-solving, communication,
delegation, and time management. ... In top management, these skills are
essential to run an organization well and achieve desired business
objectives.

4. Managerial competency - Management competencies are the skills, habits,

motives, knowledge and attitudes necessary to successfully manage people.
When developed, management competencies promote better leadership
and contribute to business success. The human assets needed for
managerial competency are necessary for a productive workforce.

5. Organization - Organization refers to a collection of people, who are

involved in pursuing defined objectives. It can also be referred as the
second most important managerial function, that coordinates the work of
 employees, procures resources and combines the two, in pursuance of
company's goals.

6. Manager - Entrusted with a leadership role, a manager is responsible for

overseeing a department or group of employees within a specific
organisation or company. Managers are utilised in every sector, and the
business model relies on their leadership and ability to operationalise the
management structure.

2. 5 TYPES OF MANAGERS
1. Vertical management - also called top-down management, refers to the
various levels of management within an organization. Managers at different
levels are free to focus on different aspects of the business, from strategic
thinking to communicating information to operational efficiency. During the
nineteenth century and much of the twentieth century, vertical
management was highly structured with many layers of management (as
depicted by a pyramid). In industries where processes and conditions are
stable and where ongoing innovation is less critical, the vertical structure of
management can still be very efficient. Workers in labor-intensive
industries such as manufacturing, transportation, and construction need to
follow established procedures and meet specific goals. Everyone knows
who is in charge and assumes the job they do today will be the same next
year or in five years.

2. Top-Level Managers - As you would expect, top-level managers (or top

managers) are the “bosses” of the organization. They have titles such as
chief executive officer (CEO), chief operations officer (COO), chief marketing
officer (CMO), chief technology officer (CTO), and chief financial officer
(CFO). A new executive position known as the chief compliance officer
(CCO) is showing up on many organizational charts in response to the
demands of the government to comply with complex rules and regulations.
Depending on the size and type of organization, executive vice presidents
and division heads would also be part of the top management team. The
 relative importance of these positions varies according to the type of
organization they head. For example, in a pharmaceutical firm, the CCO
may report directly to the CEO or to the board of directors.

3. Middle managers - have titles like department head, director, and chief
supervisor. They are links between the top managers and the first-line
managers and have one or two levels below them. Middle managers
receive broad strategic plans from top managers and turn them into
operational blueprints with specific objectives and programs for first-line
managers. They also encourage, support, and foster talented employees
within the organization. An important function of middle managers is
providing leadership, both in implementing top manager directives and in
enabling first-line managers to support teams and effectively report both
positive performances and obstacles to meeting objectives.

4. First-line managers are the entry level of management, the individuals “on
the line” and in the closest contact with the workers. They are directly
responsible for making sure that organizational objectives and plans are
implemented effectively. They may be called assistant managers, shift
managers, foremen, section chiefs, or office managers. First-line managers
are focused almost exclusively on the internal issues of the organization
and are the first to see problems with the operation of the business, such
as untrained labor, poor quality materials, machinery breakdowns, or new
procedures that slow down production. It is essential that they
communicate regularly with middle management.
5. Team Leaders - A team leader is a special kind of manager who may be
appointed to manage a particular task or activity. The team leader reports
to a first-line or middle manager. Responsibilities of the team leader
include developing timelines, making specific work assignments, providing
needed training to team members, communicating clear instructions, and
generally ensuring that the team is operating at peak efficiency. Once the
task is complete, the team leader position may be eliminated and a new
team may be formed to complete a different task.
3. 8 organizational trends useful in the study of management
1. Remote Workers - A career listing site called FlexJobs did a study at the
end of 2017 showing that there were approximately 3.9 million workers in
the United States who worked remotely at least half time. This was an
increase of 115% from the year 2005. Telecommuting is rapidly becoming
more common for both small and large business.

2. Video Marketing - Gary Vaynerchuk, who has developed multiple online

companies and made a name for himself as a social influencer, has said on
multiple occasions that the “single most important strategy in content
marketing today is video.” As far as management trends go, video
marketing is potentially the most important to incorporate in 2019.

3. Rising Wages - With the cost of living and healthcare rates on the rise,
wages are also being increased to keep up. This means that many
employers will need to make some changes to their compensation plans to
continually bring in new talent and retain their current workforce. Many
states are passing laws to raise the minimum wage standard, making these
adjustments mandatory. Even with these requirements, the higher income
may still not be enough to entice good workers. These salaries should be
complemented by additional benefits like telecommuting options and other
bonuses.

4. Artificial Intelligence - AI is being used more and more to improve the

overall customer experience. Many call centers are incorporating artificial
answering services with the ability to help customers with most of their
issues or questions.

5. Team Brand Ambassadors - Influencer marketing is becoming more

popular and useful every year. While hiring an influencer to promote your
brand or product has its benefits, some managers are finding ways to use
resources they already have at their disposal: employees. Who better to
boost and advocate for a brand than its own employees? Inviting them to
share info and promotional material on their personal social media profiles
can be free, but effective, PR for the company.
 6. Customer-focused Organizations - “The customer is always right” phrase
has been a topic of debate for many years now. Whether you believe this
or not, one thing everyone can agree on is that it’s important to determine
what the customer truly wants.

7. Outside Consultants - One of the management trends that may require a

bit of humility on a team leader’s part is accepting the fact that they may
not have all the answers. This realization can be beneficial to a team’s
growth as it opens doors for outside consultants to come in and share their
knowledge on certain subjects.

8. Work-Life Balance - This is beginning to mean something different than it

has in years past. Though it does include vacation and other time off, many
companies are finding ways to improve their employees’ work-life balance
even when they are on the clock.

4. 6 MANAGERIAL COMPETENCIES
1. Communication Competency
2. Planning and Administration Competency
3. Teamwork Competency
4. Strategic Action Competency
5. Multi Cultural Competency
6. Self Management Competency
5. 4 FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
1. Planning
2. Organizing
3. Leading
4. Controlling