DRAFT TECH SPECS

DIVISION 01 – GENERAL REQUIREMENTS/PROVISIONS

The drawings (bldg plans – archl, strucl, electrical, plumbing and sanitary,
mechanical, ece plans – construction working drawings) which accompany
this Document (tech specs) are deemed a part hereof. Anything shown on
the drawings but not mentioned in this Document or anything mentioned in
this Document but not shown on the drawings or anything not expressly set
forth in either but which is reasonably implied shall be furnished as though
specifically shown and mentioned in both.

All works stated herein shall conform to accepted standards set forth by
existing codes, rules and regulations such ASTM, ACI, Philippine Product
Standard, Building Code of the Philippines, Structural Code of the
Philippines, Electrical Code of the Philippines, Plumbing and Sanitary Code
of the Philippines, Mechanical Code of the Philippines, Geodetic Code of the
Phils. and other applicable standards and Local Ordinances.

Temfacil. Water, telecom and power consumption during construction???

Who will be responsible connection/tapping??? Application. Deposits prior
connection. Allow stay-in workers????

Temporary road network for access to and from the site by manpower,
construction equipments and vehicles.

Soil test. Geotest (see annex a). Exploring the sub-soil condition. Prior to
any construction activity, geotesting shall be performed and the results of
which shall be made known to all parties.

Prior to start of construction, there should a copy of the approved building

plans available in the field office. That every project engineer/architect
should furnished with a copy of the approved bldg. plans.

Coordinate with proper authorities regarding traffic management.

Nuisances management. (noise, dust, odor/smell, etc.).

Security provision. Liability??? Lost items. Owner supplied will be secured by

the owner’s representative while contractor supplied matls shall be secured
by the contractor. Security peace and order within the site. NO ID NO
ENTRY. NO PPE NO ENTRY. NO FACE MASK AND FACE SHIELD NO
ENTRY.

Safety. COSH program. There should always be safety officers who are
monitoring construction activities. NO WORK SHALL PROCEED WITHOUT
THE SUPERVISION OF A SAFETY OFFICER. Contractor shall provide PPE
to workers.

Delay. A little. Liquidated damages. Normally in the contract than in tech

specs. Revision that can cause.

Protection (protective structures) & enclosures. Pedestrian and vehicles.

Can be part temfacil.

Demolition works. In general terms. That when there is demolition works,

demolition safety program. And under the supervision of licensed civil/strucl
engineer and safety officer.
 Disposal of Waste and excess materials. RA 9003 solid waste management
act. Clean Air Act. Clean Water Act. RA 6969. How to properly dispose
wastes. Chemical. Debris. Excess earth. Solid waste. Hazardous waste.
Demolition shall a demolition safety program and it shall be under the
supervision of the a licensed civil engineer or architect.

Prior to start of excavation, coordination with local utility companies (water,

power, lpg gas, telecom, sewerage, signalization, fuel line, etc.) with regards
underground utility lines.

Wood. Proper storage and handling.

DIVISION 02 – SITE WORKS

1. Cleaning or Clearing.
Remove unwanted waste, debris or earth. Top soil (organic matls that are not
suitable for construction) has to be removed.
Remove land cover (vegetation or plants)
Cut unwanted trees (permit from lgu, brgy, denr) by client or by contractor
Disposal

2. Determine boundaries.
Geodetic engineer / surveyor (relocation survey). Turn over boundaries to
contractor. Witness owner and designers (architects)
Contractor should protect the boundary points/markers using appropriate
materials.

3. Temp Fencing/ board up

Material? (bluesack, polyethylene sacks, gi sheets) on wood frame. Steel
frame. Prefab board-up of fence.
Durability. ???
Location. Encroach into other properties.

4. Temfacil. Temporary Facilities. (Bunkhouse, Field Office, Hygiene facilities,

warehouse)
Location. Away excavation areas. Away from adjacent residential structures.
Utilities. Water & power & telecom.

5. Additional Soil test. To determine sub-soil condition.

Fill (Tambak). Enbankment. Compaction. Field density test. (FDT) determining
moisture content of earth. Fill (tambak) siksik na ba?

Engineered Fill (by layer). Methods

15 to 30cm fill – compaction – fdt. If ok/pass, then to the next 15 to 30cm thick
fill then compact then fdt

6. Demolition
If there unwanted existing structures.
Demolition Safety Program signed and sealed by Licensed Strucl/Civil
Engineer.

7. Layout. Locating the structure in the site.

Setup up stakes & batter boards – guide in layouting.
“Tansi” (nylon strings / plastic strings / gi wire ) footing & columns. In general
bldg. footprint. SMALL PROJECTS.
Proper way doing the layout.
“skwala” 90deg angle as a ref for layout. Parallel yung bldg.

Geodetic layout. Licensed Geodetic Engineer to monitor the layout and the
progress of the building construction (high rise and elongated structures).
 All surveying works shall under the supervision of a licensed geodetic
engineer.

Layouting problem (boundary conflict), always report/refer to the

Owner/Owners representative and to Designer (Architect) prior to proceeding
with the works.

8. Excavation – removal of earth from its natural position. The cavity resulting
from the removal of earth.

Correct location of excavation. (from layout)

Correct dimension of excavation as per plan. Do not over excavate (disturbed
natural condition of earth).
Dimension W L Depth (lalim)
Manual excavation or using equipments.

Gen condition – prior to start of excavation, coordination with local utility

companies (water, power, lpg gas, telecom, sewerage, signalization, fuel line,
etc.) with regards underground utility lines.

9. Backfill – returning/placing back of desirable earth to the excavation.

Undesirable earth shall be not placed back to excavated areas and used as
filling materials.

Proper Compaction

10. Earthworks/Grading

Cut and fill

Grading – shaping the surface of the earth/site.
Slopes
Elevation
Disposal of excess earth

11. Ground preparation

Materials. Sub base materials (mixture of sand and gravel and sometimes soil
as binder) DPWH – code of sub base matl. 201….

Compaction – FDT

12. Dewatering – removal unwanted water from the excavations and other parts of
the site.
Dewatering Equipment
Location of excess water disposal.

13. Construction of Temporary Road Network within the site.

14. Soil treatment. Like anti anay, etc.

DIVISION 03 : CONCRETE

1. Standard. ACI - American Concrete Institute, DPWH Standards, ASTM.

2. Clean water. (not salt or dirty water -with organic materials) no chemicals.
3. Concrete . cement, aggregates (sand, gravel) and water + admixtures
4. What type cement (Type I, II, etc). Ordinarily, in we use cement for general
construction (Type 1). Nowadays, cement admixture TYPE 1P (pozzolanic)
– used general construction.
5. Aggregates (sand and gravel). Sand -wash sand, river sand, DPWH
standards sand properties. Gravel (river gravel/round or crushed gravel)
G3/8, G3/4 or G1. ¾ gravel particles normally they in ¾ in size. G1 1in. ¾
columns, beams and slab (on fill or suspended). G1 slab on fill and footing.
 Size of gravel grain should be the one that can pass thru the space
between rebars.
6. Aggregates should be clean. Without organic materials like soil.
7. Concrete mixture. Ratio of cement + aggregates + water + admixture.
Rule of thumb
Class AA, 1:2:3
Class A 1:3:4,
Class B…..
1 Cement Bag
2 Sand. Cubic ft
3 Gravel. Cubic ft Class AA concrete (3500+ pounds per sq - psi
compressive strength)
8. Control the property of concrete. Slumpness & Consistency.
a. Slumpness – workability. Amount of water or presence admixture.
b. Consistency – workability, manual mixing – different batches.

Slumptest – check table.

9. Concrete placing/pouring/conveying. Should not be higher than 1.5m drop.
Higher than 1.5m use conveyor/chute.
10. The more water you add in concrete mix the weaker the concrete. Correct
of volume to be mixed the concrete. Structural specify. Trial concrete mix.
Compressive strength
11. Concrete curing. Curing is the control of moisture content of concrete.
Methods of Curing can be by watering. Covering. Curing takes place in the
first 7 days.
12. Concrete setting. Concrete setting should disturbed. Concrete setting
ordinary condition 28days. But with admixture (accelerators) setting time
reduce. 7days, 14days, 21days 28days. Before concrete will achieve its
max design strength. Removal of shoring or scaffolding and supports.
13. Concrete testing. Compression test. Before removal supports (suspended
concrete structural element). Concrete specimen/sample. Using cylinder
(15x30cm) 25times. Compression machine to test.
14. Formworks, scaffolding and shorings, sheet piles.
a. Formworks. Plywood (3x max usage then remove from site).
Phenolic boards (5x-6x usage then remove from site) , pvc boards,
How many times usage. Frames – cocolumber/lumber, steel frames,
angle bars. Boards form oil (check whether oil material has bad
effect on painting)
b. Scaffolding and shorings. Steel hframes, steel pipes and clamps.
Occupational Safety And Health Asso. Osha standards, bldg code,
astm.
c. Nails, Gi wire and pipes and clamps are to keep the forms in place
15. Equipments. In concrete pouring. Manual mixing? Or by using machine
mixers.
a. 1 bagger mixer, 2 bagger mixer – job mix
b. Plant mix (transit mixers) - ready mix (batching plant)
c. Ready mix concrete
i. Directly poured
ii. Pumpcrete – 1. pipe type/line type, 2. boom type
d. Portalift
16. Add construction fibers.

DIVISION 04 : MASONRY

1. CHB – concrete hollow blocks. 4”, 5”, 6”. Ilan psi? (compressive strength –
durability/strength). Compression test. Manufacturer (allied, Vasquez, etc)
a. Chb – non load bearing – only carries its own weight. 300 psi
b. Chb – load bearing – it carries additional loads other than its own
weight. 800-1000 psi and above.
2. Laying of chb. Pattern. Running bond?, stack bond? True to Plumb. “nasa
hulog” For every 5 layers of chb check plumbness. You can only lay chb up to
5 layers at a time.
 3. Identify thickness grout. Space between blocks. 20-25mm. Mortar – fill up
completely chb holes with mortar.
4. Mortar and Grout – mixture. Class A, Class B, Class C. Sand is river
sand/wash sand. Without organic material.
A – 1:3. 1 cement bags.
B – 1:4 3 sand cuft.
C – 1:5
5. Curing chb. At least 7 days after de-form. Watering or covering.
6. Bricks – structural bricks – correct compressive strength.
7. Reinforcement of masonry wall. 10mm diameter rebars. Vertical 60cm on
center. Horizontal 1-10mm diameter rebar for every 3 layers. Rebar shall be
grade 33. Use #16 gi tie wire.
8. Plastering. Cement & Sand – mixture. Class. Ratio. Thickness maintain 20mm
to 25mm plaster. If more 25mm, plaster one time. Stages. “rebokada” scratch
coating.
9. Admixture into the chb concrete mix. To accelerate setting. Increase
compressive strength. Added – construction Fiber
10. Fire rating. Fire code. Firewall. Masonry specify fire rated block. Appropriate
thickness.

DIVISION 05 : METALS

1. Standards. ASTM, Philippine Standard (PNS), ACI.

2. Reinforcing bars, Steel Roofing & Ceiling materials, Structural section (angle
bars, c-purlins, z-purlins, ibeam, hbeam, etc), steel sections (tubular, square
bars, flat bar, round bar, etc). Stainless steel. Aluminum. Copper, Titanium,
Alloy, Metal Sheets.
Galvanized (GI), wrought iron (WI), black iron (BI). Galvanized Iron (GI) wire.
3. Alloy. Combination of metals.
4. Rust converter. Anti-rust coating materials. Primer coating. (Red oxide, Red
Lead, epoxy primer, etc). Be cautious of the paint system.
5. Steel/Metal fabrication (steel gate, grille works, etc)
6. Anchorage and fastening materials.
To attach steel material (bolts, screws and dowels) to old concrete.
7. Chemical anchorage or fastening.
8. Metal Studs and Tracks (Special Construction) – DRYWALL construction.
Metal stud (40-60cm on center). Metal tracks (60-120 cm on center) automatic
top and bottom tracks
9. Blind rivets for metal stud and tracks.
Double furring, charrying channel, w-clip and wall angle (ceiling framing
materials)- light metal framing system.
10. Black screw for boards (gypsum board, plywwod)
11. Hardiscrew (brand) (hardiflex – fiber cement board : ficem board)
12. Steel/metal decking – a composite construction. 80,000psi , 33,000psi (consult
strucl engr)
13. Metal sheets for eaves ceiling. Spandrel.
14. Roofing. (roof sheathing & bended accessories – gutter, flashing, ridge roll,
end flashing, capping, valley gutter). Thickness ( gauge # ) English system
#26, #24 – lower the numeric the thicker the metal. Metric system 0.4mm,
0.6mm.
a. #26 = 0.4mm
b. #24 = 0.6mm
0.5mm
Tolerance – 0.02mm – 0.4mm : 0.38mm Standard pa rin.
0.04mm – 0.4mm : 0.36mm Standard pa rin.
Micro-caliper to measure thickness
15. Roofing material technology. (galfan & galvalume) zinc and aluminum
chemicals used in roofing material manufacturing. Anti-rust protection.
16. Connection of metal. Welded (welding rods). Bolted (bolt and nuts). Welder –
NCII (National Competency Level) TESDA.
a. TESDA provides training and skills competency for construction
workers.
 17. Rebars – Grade (tensile) 33, 40, 60,75. Diameter. Weight (standard or not)
a. 10mm = 3.69kg/6m english system – 3/8in nominal size no. 3
b. 12mm = 5.4kg/6m 1/2in no. 4
c. 16mm = 9.8kg/6m 5/8in no. 5
d. 20mm = 14.8kg/6m 3/4in no. 6
e. 25mm = 23kg/6m 1in no. 8
Length 6, 7.5, 9.10.5, 12m
Standards. Rebars splicing. Standards hooks.
Test – tensile test. Require to submit MILLING CERTIFICATE.
18. High tensile steel bars and cables
19. Turn Buckle cross bracing.

DIVISION 06 : WOOD & PLASTIC

WOOD
1. Standards. Philippine Product Standard. Standard sizes. American Wood
Protection Association.
2. Required permit needed for the consumption of wood. Wood are from trees,
regulations about cutting of trees. Wood to be used shall be legally acquired.
DENR national greening program. This protect the remaining forests and
purpose is to replace tree covers of forest.
3. Wood for Casework (cabinet-making – cabinets, closets, shelves, drawers)
4. Problems that can be encountered in Wood – anay (termites), bubok (wood
borers), dry rot, wet rot, fire, discoloration, etc.
TREATMENTS (wood preservatives) to prevent problems in wood. Ex.
Solignum for anti-anay. Application - all sides of the wood is applied with the
chemical/treatments by brush, spray, dipping or using pressure. If you cut the
wood, apply treatment on the cut surface.
Fire protection (fire proofing vs fire retarding). Certificatification
Water protection.
UV protection.
5. WOOD FABRICATION. About Quality. Certification carpenters/sash workers.
TESDA.
6. Wood Framing System (floor, wall and roof)
7. Wood – used as Structural Supports/Elements, Foundation particularly piles,
columns, beams, floors.
Wood Architectural Details – wood mouldings, wood casings, wood
baseboards, etc. Profile (shape), name or code.
8. Type of wood (wood specie) Narra, Apitong, Yakal, Kamagong, Tanguile,
Mahogany, Pine, Ipil, Teak, Coco, Acacia, Bamboo, etc, PROPERTIES AND
CHARACTERISTICS.
9. Stair Steps, Ballusters and Railing.
10. Wood joint detail
11. Wood Paneling or Sheathing (roof, wall and floor prior to installation of
finishing materials)
12. Natural and Engineered wood.
13. Wood for decking/flooring
14. Pattern – the final arrangement of wood materials on the application surface.
15. Wood Fence
16. Jointing system. Adhesive. Wood glue. Type of glue.
17. Wood for insulation (division 7 : thermal & moisture proofing). Wood used as
sheathing
18. Old wood. From old houses. Treat, handling.
19. Storage & Handling of wood. Well ventilated area, dry location, protected from
precipitation/water and extreme heat.
20. ACCLIMATIZATION OF WOOD.
21. Air/Sun-dry and Kiln-dry. control of moisture content of wood. A tool used the
moisture content in wood – moisture meter.
22. Wood (logs to lumber).
23. Process of installation – part 3. nails, glue, screw, bolts. metal web joiner
 24. Unit of measure. Board feet L’xW”xH” divide 12 = bdft. Ex. 2x2x10 is equal to
3.33bdft.
25. Wood preparation. Sanding. Planing. Cutting.
26. Plywood – ordinary and marine

PLASTIC
27. PVC - polyvinylchloride