Farm Al-Hajj :

Ahmed Al-
Araban

Under supervision :
Dr. Malik Kalifa
 Dr. Basant Tarek
Al-Hajj Farm: Ahmed Al-Araban

 Kafr Al-Sheikh is the citadel of fish production of various

kinds in Egypt, where the province produces more than 40% of
Egypt's fish production and is the first province in the republic
to produce it. This is through several sources, the most
important of which are the beaches of the province extending
on the Mediterranean Sea with a length of 118 kilometers in
the north of the Republic.

 According to the data of the General Authority for The

Development of Fisheries:

- Egypt's fish production is 1068,000 tons.

- It is not enough for domestic consumption and we import

400,000 tons of fish waste in East Asian countries, although
the coast of Egypt extends to 1,800 kilometers on the
Mediterranean and Red Sea, including the Nile River and 9
lakes.

- Kafr Al-Sheikh province, the first governorate of the

Republic to produce fish with 442,000 tons per year, about
40 percent of Egypt's production, and theproduction of Kafr
Al-Sheikh is very weak for the province's enormous
potential.
- It is bordered to the north by the Mediterranean Sea with a
length of 100 kilometers and to the west by rashid branch
of the Nile River along 85 kilometers and it has lake Burles
area of 113 acres and 105 thousand acres for fish farming
and is in the process of adding an area of 10 thousand acres
north of the international road and there are several
hatchers for the production of fish fry and the largest fish
farm in the Middle East in the pond of Glion.
- It has the first faculty specializing in fisheries sciences in the
Middle East (Faculty of Fisheries and Fisheries Sciences) and
the Fisheries Research Center in Skha and Bursa.
 Despite all these enormous possibilities, the province's
production is weak and suffers from several problems and
obstacles due to:

1. High rents of fish farms.

2. Increase dining production costs after the crazy rise in
feedprices.
3. Officials are not aware of the true value of The Burles
Lake, the Mediterranean coast and the Nile.
4. Fees imposed by the local administration on farms.
5. Flooding markets with cheap imported fish.
6. In 2005, the province's al-Khasaia farm in Kafr Al-Sheikh,
which belongs to the province, was re-established and its
employees were displaced by renting it to a large
investor.
7. The fish exchange and its impact on prices and on small
farmers and the control of large traders.
 8. The lack of veterinary services provided by the
government, farm owners deal with diseases and
epidemics in a random way.
9. Major traders have taken over large areas of Lake Perls
and turned them into private farms and prevent fishers
from fishing there.
10. The spread of the bos is very dense in The Burles Lake,
which reduced the area allowed to fish.
11. The lack of clean water for fish farming and the
majority of fish farming in the province depends on
drainage (sewage, agricultural and industrial).
12. In accordance with Article 14 of Law 124 of 1983, which
prohibits the establishment of fish farms except in waste
lands, the irrigation of farms should be limited to the
water of lakes and nearby banks, and the use of irrigation
water for fish farming and wastewater contains a number
of pollutants that lead to the accumulation of toxic
substances in their bodies and their transmission to
humans.

 Ways to treat obstacles and develop fish stocks in the

province:
 1. The law onthe use of wastewater must first be amended
because this law needs to be reviewed and groundwater
can be relied upon in aquaculture.
2. Activating serious studies and research, especially the
conservation of the Fish Research Center in Skha and the
first college in the Middle East in fish sciences.
3. Preventing the hunting of marine fry while returning from
immigration.
4. Take care of The Lake of Perlis and work to clear it of bos
and herbs andremoveall the encroachments on it and not
allow the seizure of areas in it.
5. Work on the deployment of Nile and marine cages on the
shore of the sea and the Nile and not fight them to increase
fish.

 By visiting the farm we learned some of the basic

requirements necessary to form a farm capable of producing
the largest amount of different fish, which is as follows:

 Requirements for farm work from human elements:

1. Spawning engineer (unnecessary and the experienced farm

owner can not need an engineer).
2. Farm workers.
3. A secondary element is having a farm record in which to be
codified.
4. To know the number of fish in each basin, the feed that he
receives daily, the diseases he gets and the medicines he
has received (the farm manager is responsible for the
register and registration is done daily).
5. From the information it also records for substances added
in water (water quality) (ammonia, nitrite, oxygen- ph) all
these elements have a certain percentage where ammonia
(not more than 0.5%) And (ph 8) and nitrite(0.5%) .

- In case of increased ammonia in the water turns into toxins

harmful to fish, we add vinegar or add your brobit (petted
rhea) and oxygen (s.h. variable where the day is high and
begins to decrease at midnight gradually until dawn and in
case of lack of oxygen is replaced by the bad If there is fish
in the water or fish suffocated from the lack of oxygen to
determine which fish is forgiven or does not need to be
forgiven.

 Individual conditions for the construction or processing of a

farm:

1. Good irrigation source, good exchange source, feed.

2. Basin depth 880cm:180cm and width of 50:75

- There are intensive farms containing equipment and

machinery where ten times what is placed in open farms of
fry (per meter) where the production of intensive farms per
 acre is equivalent to the productivity of 5 acres of open
farms.

 Feed sources:

We get them from specialized factories and spread in large

numbers, the best and the best are agreed in the production
of feed such as mmaker
Newhope – Andlex –Adult Aqua
Some substances or elements (as desired by the consumer)
are added to the required feed, such as vitamin ©to raise
immunity and pro f to raise immunity against the diseases
faced in winter and summer.

 Diseases faced by fish:

1. Streptococcus.
2. Blood poisoning of pseudomonas.
3. Red mouth disease.
4. Isumonas isamonas.

- To eliminate these diseases, some factories make

fortifications and put them in the water every 3 months and
changetheirbets, put their water and so on...

 Death:
- This phenomenon is common in the summer for the winter
of 6 to 11 months, a large amount of fish.
- There is no cure for fish, but there is protection by
measuring the water level because it is a factor of mortality
and diseases such as the blood of the presence of water,
high ammonia, high ph ratio, high nitrite and lack of
oxygen.

 It is necessary:

1. The presence of the sourceof painbecause it increases

oxygen.
2. The water source, if it is high lye and the ammonia ratio
at the source 3% reaches ammonia to the last piece of
land by 0.5%.
The reason for the decrease in ammonia due to its
interaction with the air, if the ratio of ammonia in water
0.5% does not affect the fish, but if the ratio of ammonia
0.5% and ph=9 affects the fish in this case and the process
of mortality begins.

 Fish treatment:

Antibiotics do not give a cure so we have to stop the feed

from 3 to 4 days and put your soil which is a bacterium
carriedonstarch or on yeast or on the yeast and it is
inactive, but when it is put in the water activeand appear
 suppalling and feed on anything harmful to the ground and
work in the ground from 10 to 15 days and be renewed.
In order to face the problem of mortality in the summer
before the month 7 the feed is reduced; the fish is not fat
because fat causes stress for the fish (stress).
- Fat in winter works on the death of fish and that is done
when the weather is cold, the temperature of the fish is
low, which makes the fat attached to the body of the fish,
which works to stress the fish and the occurrence of death,
but fat is useful at the beginning of winter where it gives
fish energy fed fish when the weather is very cold do not
eat fish in this weather except during the presence of the
sun and eat enough tolive .

 Facing fish fast:

The fish is confrontedwhile the sun is in the feed mode in

order to move and live.

 How to move and maintain seed:

When moving the seed from 15/4 to 20/4the temperature

is good.
- We take it out of hot water and put it in lukewarm water.
- Itis not transported except during the presence of the sun
and the presence of oxygen and the seed is taken by a
liquidator and placed in a bag with water about 15 cm
water and the rest of theoxygenbag andthe fry are
transported at the time of the sun.
- From 15/11 there is no transport because any fish
transported from the first 15/11 if one crust of the fish falls
unformed and is exposed to any bacterium or virus
attacking it.

 Food conversion rate:

- The rate of food conversion is not constant where in the

month 6 differs from the month 7 different from the month
8 different from the month 10 different from the month 1
each month and has a certain conversion rate.
- The highest rate of food conversion when providing good
factors for fish such as good oxygen - feed from good
sucking - putting feed onregular intervals.
- Or for the food conversion of 15/5 fish feed from 15/5t
reaches for the month 6 food conversion increases and at
the time of the month 7 the food conversion increases.
- When the climate was mild, the best two months of the
year7 and 8 monthsnow became the most badtwo
monthsbecause the temperature rose and some climatic
changes occurred, so the conversion became very slow.
- Best transfer time from 15/5 to 15/7 and from 9/15 to
15/12
- The benefit of fish from feed is large and up to 80% of the
protein found in the feed in the month 9 and this benefit is
due to the formation of feed in addition to the additions of
the feed and there is some good feed, but the rest of the
factors that are supposed to be available in the farm do not
help in production.

 Spawning:

- The preparation of the mothers is first of feed, temperature

and immunity lift until the potato is formed and the fish
inside is sorted with a trunch away from the onethat is not
inside with a truncing.
- The buryat family has fish called mullet, ta'a,bar, sily,
neighbors, common in Egypt, mullet,barandthe difference
betweenthe twomullets with a bigger head than the
ta'aandbar and the fish of the neighbors contain yellow
point and the mullet fish originating in the sea and do not
produce from spawning plants unlike tilapia.
- Because mullet does not produce small fish (fry) except in
the salt sea in a specific area, namely bogaz (the area of the
confluence of a cold current with a hot current).
- The fish to be hatched are hatched from tilapia, silver,
caramide and carp in the fish greenhouse and consist of
concrete basins and suspended nets called halos and each
end carrying a certain number of fish fishfor example a3m ×
8 m carrying 43 um and 12 males.
 Section 8
Mohamed Morgan Esmail
Mohamed Ali Ebrahim
Ahmed Ayman Ali
Ahmed Hashim Mostafa
Amir Mohamed El-sayed
Mostafa Hashim Mostafa
Mousa Sabry Mousa
Mazen Yahia Abdel-Khalid
Yousef Abdel-Ghani Abdel-Fattah
Kerouls Sadeek George
Under supervision :
Dr. Malik Kalifa
Dr. Basant Tarek
Nada Shrief Sayed
Ranim Hazem Abdel-Muti
Basmala Ahmed Ebrahim
Wesam Alaa Sobhy
Sara Abdel-Rhman Mohamed
Esraa Mohamed Hamed
Eman Ehab Farag
Eman Rifaat Abdel_Salam
Enas Mohamed Omran
Enayat Rifaat El-sayed
Sara Magdy Ahmed
Mariam Ebrahim Mohamed
Nada Talaat Abdel-Kader