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Lecture03 P1
Lecture03 P1
!
6. An electron’s!position is given by r = 3.00tî − 4.00t ĵ + 2.00k̂ with t
2
!
(b) at t = 3s: v = 3.00 î − 24.00ĵ
v= 2 2
3.00 + (−24.00) = 24.2 (m/s)
vy −1 ⎛ − 24 ⎞
(d) tanθ = ⇒ θ = tan ⎜ ⎟
vx ⎝ 3 ⎠
θ1 = −82.9 0 or θ 2 = θ1 + 180 0 = −82.9 0 + 180 0 = 97.10
We choose θ
0 (the fourth quadrant) since v >0 and v <0
= −82.9 x y
!
11. The position r of a particle moving an xy plane is given by
!
r = (2.0t3 - 5.0t)iˆ + (6.0 − 7.0t 4 )jˆ , with
! r in! meter and !t in second. In
unit-vector notation, calculate (a) r , (b) v , and (c) a for t=2.0 s.
(d) What is the angle between the positive direction of the x axis
and a line tangent to the particle’s path at t = 2.0 s?
!
(a) at t = 2 s:
r = (6m)iˆ − (106m)jˆ
!
! dr 2 ˆ 3 ˆ
(b) v= = (6.0t - 5.0)i − (28.0t ) j
dt
So, at t = 2 s:
!
v = (19m / s)iˆ − (224m / s)jˆ
!
! dv ˆ 2 ˆ
(c) a= = ( 12.0t)i − ( 84.0t )j
dt
So, at t = 2 s: ! 2 ˆ 2 ˆ
a = ( 24m / s )i − ( 336 m / s )j
(d) a line tangent to the particle’s path:
y
dy
dy dt v y dy
tan θ = = = θ
dx dx v x dx
dt
224 x
tan θ = −
19
!
0
⇒ θ1 = −85.2 ;θ 2 = 94.8 0 v
v 0x 1
cos(θ 0 ) = =
v0 5
0
⇒ θ0 = 78.5
66. A particle moves along a circular path over a horizontal xy
coordinate system, at constant speed. At time t1=5.0 s, it is at
point (5.0 m, 6.0 m) with velocity (3.0 m/s) ĵ and acceleration
in the positive x direction. At time t2=10.0 s, it has velocity
(-3.0 m/s) and acceleration in the positive y direction. What are
î
the (a) x and (b) y coordinates of the center of the circular path
if t2-t1 is less than one period?
This is a uniform circular motion
y
! 3
v t 2 − t1 = T + nT = 5.0 (s) (n = 0 as t 2 - t1 < T)
! 4
a
6.0 T = 6.67 (s)
2π r Tv
T= ⇒r= = 3.18 (m)
v 2π
5.0 x
x center = 5.0 + 3.18 = 8.18 (m)
! ! !
v boat/shore = v boat/river + v river/shore
2 2
v boat/shore = v boat/river
+v river/shore
=R
3 0
R = 5 (m/s); tanθ = ⇒ θ = 36.9
4
3 0
R = 5 (m/s); tanθ = ⇒ θ = 36.9
4
time to cross the river:
distanceA distanceB distanceC
t= = =
v boat/river v river/shore v boat/shore
distanceA 80
t= = = 20 (s)
v boat/river 4
distance downstream:
distanceB = v river/shore t = 3 × 20 = 60 (m)
Chapter 2 Force and Motion
! n !
F = 0 or ∑ Fi = 0
i =1
Free-body diagram
Checkpoint 2: The figure here shows two horizontal forces! acting on
a block on a frictionless floor. If a third horizontal force
! F3 also acts
on the block, what are the magnitude and direction of F3 when the
block is (a) stationary and (b) moving to the left with a constant speed
of 5 m/s?
2N
2.3. Some Particular Forces. The Gravitational Force
and Weight
The gravitational force: The force of attraction between any
two bodies.
m1m 2
Fg = G 2
r
G=6.67x10-11 N.m2.kg-2 is the gravitational constant.
Weight: The weight of a body is equal to the magnitude Fg of
the gravitational force on the body.
W = mg
Note: A body’s weight is not its mass.
weight depends on g.
For example, a ball of 7 kg is ~70 N
on Earth but only ~12 N on the Moon
since gMoon=1.7 m/s2.
The normal force:
When a body presses against a surface,
the surface deforms and pushes
! on the
body with a normal force FN that is
perpendicular to the surface.
FBC = FCB
! !
FBC = − FCB
• The forces between two interacting bodies are called a third-
law force pair.
Homework: 3, 5, 7, 13, 24, 34, 45, 49, 51, 56, 57, 59