STANDARD

Steel for mechanical work at high 2376

velocity with removal of chips ed.: 1 mod.
Page : 1/6
PIAGGIO Date :20 -06-2000

Scope Index

To define the characteristics of steel not 1. General ..........................................................2

alloyed for mechanical work at high velocity 2. Qualitative characteristics of the semi-
with the removal of chips in the use of finished products ..........................................2
Piaggio constructions. 3. Normal indications in the design................3

Modification Date Description of modification

20-06-2000 1- edition completely revised

Date of entry into circulation: 11-09-2000

Authorised by: P. Mariani
Controlled by: A. Mantini
Approved by: A.Vignoli and E.Cascone

List of distribution( code): 33, 34, 35, 40, 41,59, 66, 68, 70, 80, 81, 84, 94, 99, 152, 158, 163, 190, 252, 352, 359, 375,
376, 380, 457, 510, 513, 542, 546, 548, 559, 573, 582, 584, 591, 619, 627, 636, 721
 Standard 2376
PIAGGIO
1. General
The steel from the present Norma commonly
denominated as “automatic steel” are the
characteristics of their chemical composition
to have an increased level of sulphur (and
possible lead) for obtaining high velocity of
work in the m echanical works at removal of
chips.
In the sphere of this family of steel the
workability diminishes with the rise of the
content of carbon, magnesium and silicon.
As a result of the rise in the level of sulphur
all the steel from the present Norma can be
welded with difficulty particularly in the
electric arc. The guarantee of the welding
should be excluded for the types of the steel
at elevated levels of carbon (35S Mn and
44SMn.)
The presence of sulphur, moreover limits the
deformability of the steel.
For the pieces that should endure
deformations at mounting should use the
materials in the state of annealing.
The steel are generally supplied as semi-
finished in the crude state normalized or
annealed or reclaimed. (limited to types
35SMn and 44SMn) in b ar procedure.
2. Qualitative characteristics of semi-
finished
The classification of the types of steel and
their characteristics are reported in UNI
10233/1, 10233/4 and UNI 4838 with addition
and modifications.
For the conditions of the supply see Norma
2386.
2.1 Correspondence with the international
regulations
See table 1 in page 4
Page: 2 / 6 Modification: Ed.1
2.1 superficial aspect and defects
2.1.1 hot rolled
In the limits indicated in the Norma 2386
2.1.2. Cold finished
The products have shining appearance and
without hot oxidation.
The procedure subjected to thermic or
superficial treatment (for example
phosphatization ) can be present a surface
more dark and rough.
Superficial defects of which rifling, cracking,
can be tolerated provided that their depth
does not exceed 1.5% of the diameter or
thickness up to a max of 0.8mm; in every
case the superficial defects are tolerated with
the depth of ≤ 0.2 mm.
An overall decarburization (partial or total) is
tolerated up to 2% of the diameter or
thickness and up to a depth of 0.4mm.
2.2 Internal defects
In the limits indicated in Norma 2386.
The inclusions of sulphur and the lines of
segregation provided that there is uniform
distribution are intrinsic of the steel for the
mechanical work at high velocity and cannot
be considered as the defects of the material.
2.3. Thermic treatments
The steel 10S20/SPb20 is suitable of the
treatment of carburzing.
The steel 9 SMn28/Pb28 and 17SMnPb10
are suitable for the treatment of carburizing
(or preferably carbonitriding) with right
precaution and with the limitation of classes
05and 10(Norma 2602).
 Standard 2376 Page: 3 / 6 Modification: Ed.1
PIAGGIO

The steel 35SMn10/Pb10 and If the desired planning has different

44SMn238/Pb28 are suitable for the characteristics than those to the present
treatment of reclamation (see table 2 in Norma it should be indicated on the design.
page 4)
Norma cited
2.4 Chemical composition
2386, 2602.
see table 3 in page 5 UNI 3245:87, UNI 4838:80, UNI 10233-1:93,
UNI 10233-4:93.
2.5 Mechanical characteristics

see table 4 in page 6

2.6 Austenitic grain

The materials described of the present

Norma are killed steel to fine grain.
When the above is verified for the presence
of aluminium (a t the chemical analysis Al total
> 0.025%) or from the determination of the
austenitic grain.
The size of austenitic grain should be
included between 5 and 8 according to the
indicated in Norma UNI 3245.

2.7 Conditions of thermic treatment and

structure

The state of thermic treatment should be that

prescribed in the orders and in designs and
the corresponding structure.

3 Normal indications in design

It should specify
- The Piaggio sign of materials
- The thermic treatment in use
- Reference to the present Norma

Examples:
- 9SMnPb 28 from crude laminated Norma
2376
- 35SMnPb 10 from laminated reclaimed
N.2376
- 35 SMnPb10 reclaimed Norma 2376
 Standard 2376 Page: 4 / 6 Modification: Ed.1
PIAGGIO

TABLE 1 – correspondence with the international regula tions

Previous Piaggio
Piaggio Symbol SAE AFNORM BS DIN (2) JIS
symbol
10 S 20 10 S 22 1109 10 F 2 --- 10S20 (1.0721) ---
10 SPb 20 --- 11 L 09 10 Pb F 2 --- 10 SPb20 (1.0722) ---
9 SMn 28 9SMn23 – S.41 1213 S 250 220 M 07 9SMn28 (1.0715) SUM 22
9 SMnPb 28 9SMnPb23-S.51 12 L 13 S 250 Pb --- 9SMnPb28 SUM 23L
9 SMn 32 ---
9 SMnPb 32 ---
9 SMn 36 --- --- S 300 -- 9SMn36 (1.0736) SUM 25
9 SMnPb 36 --- --- S 300 Pb --- 9SMnPb36 (1.0737) ---
17 SMnPb 10 18SMnPb 10
35 SMn 10 S.42 1137 --- --- --- ---
35 SMnPb 10 S.52 11 L 37 --- --- --- ---
44 SMn 28 --- --- --- --- 45S20 (1.0727) ---
44 SMnPb 28 ---

Note:

(1) Approximate correspondence. Between different types of same steel can be valid raise
differences in the chemical composition.
(2) The numeric designations of the materials (werkstoff no.) indicated in brackets is stated to
pass also the European Regulations(EN)

TABLE 2 – Indicative temperatures for the thermic treatment of some automated steel

Reclamation Stretching Recovery

Piaggio Method of
Symbol Temperature Temperature Method of Temperature Temperature
tempering
Co Co tempering Co Co
(1)
10S20 Water, oil --- --- ---
880÷920 150÷200
10SPb20
35SMn10
35 --- --- 840÷860 Oil --- 580÷630
SMnPb10
44SMn28 --- --- Oil ---
820÷850 580÷630
44SMnPb28

Note:

(1) the choice of the medium of tempering according to the shape and the dimensions of the piece.
 Standard 2376 Page: 5 / 6 Modification: Ed.1
PIAGGIO

TABLE 3 – Chemical composition

Piaggio Previous piaggio Chemical composition in percentage (1)

Symbol symbol C Mn Si P S Pb (2)
10 S 20 10 S 22 0.07÷0.13 0.60÷0.90 0.10÷0.40 ≤ 0.06 0.18÷0.25 ---
10 SPb 20 --- 0.07÷0.13 0.60÷0.90 0.10÷0.40 ≤ 0.06 0.18÷0.25 0.15÷0.30
9 SMn 28 9SMn23-S.41 0.06÷0.13 0.60÷0.90 ≤0.05 0.04÷0.10 0.24÷0.32 ---
9 SMnPb 28 9SMnPb23-S.51 0.06÷0.13 0.60÷0.90 ≤0.05 0.04÷0.10 0.24÷0.32 0.15÷0.30
9 SMn 32 --- 0.06÷0.13 0.60÷0.90 ≤0.05 0.04÷0.10 0.28÷0.35 ---
9 SMnPb 32 --- 0.06÷0.13 0.60÷0.90 ≤0.05 0.04÷0.10 0.28÷0.35 0.15÷0.30
9 SMn 36 --- 0.06÷0.13 0.60÷0.90 ≤0.05 0.04÷0.10 0.35÷0.40 ---
9 SMnPb 36 --- 0.06÷0.13 0.60÷0.90 ≤0.05 0.04÷0.10 0.35÷0.40 0.15÷0.30
17 SMnPb 10 18 SMnPb 10 0.14÷0.20 1.00÷1.30 ≤0.05 ≤0.04 0.08÷0.13 0.15÷0.30
35 SMn 10 S.42 0.32÷0.39 1.35÷1.65 ≤0.30 ≤0.04 0.08÷0.13 ---
35 SMnPb 10 S.52 0.32÷0.39 1.35÷1.65 ≤0.30 ≤0.04 0.08÷0.13 0.15÷0.30
44 SMn 28 --- 0.40÷0.48 1.35÷1.65 ≤0.30 ≤0.04 0.24÷0.32 ---
44 SMnPb 28 --- 0.40÷0.48 1.35÷1.65 ≤0.30 ≤0.04 0.24÷0.32 0.15÷0.30

Note:

1 – other elements not indicated in the table should not be added initially to the steel, with the
exception made for those destinated to the elaboration or processing of the casting.
Residual elements can be always present the mechanical characteristics described are
respected.

2– The limits of chemical composition of the lead it refers to the analysis on the product.
 Standard 2376 Page: 6 / 6 Modification: Ed.1
PIAGGIO

TABLE 4 – Mechanical Characteristics (1)

Mechanical characteristics in
Mechanical characteristics Mechanical characteristics in the Mechanical characteristics
Nominal in the drawn state from the state of drawn state from drawn state from laminated in the drawn state from
Piaggio dimensions crude laminated normalized or annealed reclaimed reclaimed
Code (2) worked
mm Rm Rp A Rm Rp A Rm Rp A Rm Rp A
N/mm2 N/mm2 % N/mm2 N/mm2 % N/mm2 N/mm2 % N/mm2 N/mm2 %
≤ 16 (3) 480÷740 ≥ 380 ≥8 370÷470 ≥ 220 ≥ 25 --- --- --- --- --- ---
10 S 20
10 S Pb20 > 16 ≤ 25 460÷720 ≥ 380 ≥9 370÷470 ≥ 210 ≥ 24 --- --- --- --- --- ---
> 25 440÷700 ≥ 340 ≥ 10 350÷470 ≥ 200 ≥ 23 --- --- --- --- --- ---
9SMn28/28Pb ≤ 16 (3) 480÷740 ≥ 380 ≥6 380÷490 ≥ 230 ≥ 23 --- --- --- --- --- ---
9SMn32/32Pb > 16 ≤ 25 480÷720 ≥ 380 ≥8 380÷490 ≥ 220 ≥ 22 --- --- --- --- --- ---
9SMn36/36Pb > 25 440÷700 ≥ 340 ≥8 370÷490 ≥ 210 ≥ 22 --- --- --- --- --- ---
≤ 16 (3) 550÷800 ≥ 420 ≥6 440÷560 ≥ 270 ≥ 22 --- --- --- --- --- ---
17 SMnPb10 > 16 ≤ 25 530÷780 ≥ 400 ≥8 440÷560 ≥ 270 ≥ 21 --- --- --- --- --- ---
> 25 500÷750 ≥ 370 ≥8 430÷560 ≥ 260 ≥ 20 --- --- --- --- --- ---
≤ 16 (3) 680÷930 ≥ 530 ≥6 640÷750 ≥ 380 ≥ 16 760 ÷1030 ≥ 580 ≥6 760 ÷930 ≥570 ≥9
35SMn10 > 16 ≤ 25 660÷910 ≥ 510 ≥7 640÷750 ≥ 360 ≥ 16 740 ÷1010 ≥ 560 ≥7 740 ÷890 ≥550 ≥
35SMnPb10 12
≥
> 25 640÷890 ≥ 490 ≥8 600÷750 ≥ 350 ≥ 15 730 ÷980 ≥ 540 ≥8 730 ÷890 ≥530
12
≤ 16 (3) 700÷950 ≥ 550 --- 660÷840 ≥ 450 ≥ 13 820 ÷1150 ≥ 620 --- 820÷1070 ≥640 ≥8
44 SMn 28
44 SMnPb28 > 16 ≤ 25 680÷930 ≥ 530 --- 640÷840 ≥ 440 ≥ 13 800 ÷1130 ≥ 600 --- 800÷1030 ≥600 ≥9
> 25 640÷890 ≥ 510 --- 630÷840 ≥ 430 ≥ 12 790 ÷1100 ≥ 600 --- 790÷1100 ≥600 ≥9

Note:
(1) – Values raised on sample. For the method of the test see Norma 2682/LT
(2) – The diameter for round, sides for square , length in terms of hexagon and the thickness for the plates and for large plates.
(3) – The mechanical characteristics of the products with the nominal dimensions lower than 5 mm are agreed upon between the interesting
parts of orders.