READING COMPREHENSION | PRETEST

Excerpt from “Caged Bird”

by Maya Angelou
1
The free bird leaps
on the back of the wind
and floats downstream
till the current ends
and dips his wings
in the orange sun rays
and dares to claim the sky.
8
But a bird that stalks
down his narrow cage
can seldom see through
his bars of rage
his wings are clipped and
his feet are tied
so he opens his throat to sing.
15
The caged bird sings
with fearful trill
of the things unknown
but longed for still
and his tune is heard
on the distant hill 
for the caged bird
sings of freedom.
 
1. Contrasting images of __________ and __________ are present in
the poem.
a. movement and non-movement
b. freedom and suppression
c. presence and absence
d. order and chaos
 
2. ___________ is the antecedent of the pronoun he in the line “so he
opens his throat to sing.”
a. man b. free bird c. caged bird d. wind
 
3. The singing of the bird signals
a. a cry for food
b. a cry for acceptance
c. a cry for justice
d. a cry for freedom
 
4. What message does the poet impart in writing this poem?
a. Birds are either free or caged.
b. Birds symbolize freedom.
c. Freedom is meant to be enjoyed.
d. One can find ways to make his voice heard.
 
Passage A
Floods in the metropolis can be life threatening or the kind which are a
nuisance because of the mammoth traffic they generate. Paralyzing
traffic problems related to urban surface floods from short-lived rain
events can cost the Philippine economy P2.4 billion pesos a day.
Street floods in Metro Manila do not happen everywhere but are mainly
found at intersections of streets and creeks. Further analysis reveal that
street floods occur at the lowest portion of the street or topographic lows.
During severe weather events such as the Ondoy, Habagat 2012, Habagat
2013 and Habagat 2014 floods, creeks in the 23 areas listed by MMDA as
flood prone, swelled and overtopped its banks. This led to inundation
of streets, which closely followed the landscape down to the banks of
the creeks. On the other hand, short-lived heavy downpour ( 30 mm/hr)
accumulate water in the low-lying areas faster than it can drain through
the culvert along the creek. Streets in the MMDA list still get inundated
even though the drainage design of the culvert below the street has
greater discharge capacity than the theoretical discharge expected to flow
through the stream channel. In places where there are no creeks, floods
are due to ponding of water in the low-lying areas.
Proposed solutions to street floods in many of the places in the flood-
prone list by MMDA include the elevation of roads and construction of a
retention basin under the street big enough to accommodate the volume
of water. The size of the retention basin is equivalent to the simulated
area covered by the flood along the street multiplied by the height of
inundation. The street above the proposed retention basin must have
enough infiltration capacity to accommodate the rapidly accumulated
rainfall. The retention basin must also be designed to directly drain into
the nearest stream channel. The latter solution or its equivalent may not
completely address big floods spawned by severe weather events but may
solve frequent street floods from short-lived thunderstorms. These
proposed solutions may avert increased gas consumption and lost
potential income from mammoth traffic jams during floods, which costs
the Philippine economy 2.4 billion pesos a day, a figure that may balloon
to 6 billion a day by the year 2030.
 
5. True or False: Street floods in Metro Manila happen everywhere.
a. True, Metro Manila floods definitely happen everywhere.
b. False, Metro Manila floods mainly occur at topographic lows.
c. False, Metro Manila floods usually occur at crowded areas.
d. None of the above
 
6. In the second paragraph, the word inundation means
a. clogging
b. flooding
c. blocking
d. closing
 
7. Which is not a proposed solution to solve Metro Manila’s street
flooding problem?
a. elevate roads
b. construct stream channels
c. construct retention basins
d. connect retention basins to stream channels to drain rain water
 
8. What is the best title for this passage?
a. Flooding in Metro Manila
b. Solving the Metro Manila Problem
c. Street Floods in Metro Manila and Possible Solutions
d. Traffic in Metro Manila and Possible Solutions
 
Excerpt from “War”
by Luigi Pirandello
"You should thank God that your son is only leaving now for the front.
Mine has been sent there the first day of the war. He has already come
back twice wounded and been sent back again to the front."
"What about me? I have two sons and three nephews at the front," said
another passenger.
"Maybe, but in our case it is our only son," ventured the husband.
"What difference can it make? You may spoil your only son by excessive
attentions, but you cannot love him more than you would all your other
children if you had any. Parental love is not like bread that can be broken
to pieces and split amongst the children in equal shares. A father gives all
his love to each one of his children without discrimination, whether it
be one or ten, and if I am suffering now for my two sons, I am not
suffering half for each of them but double..."
"True...true..." sighed the embarrassed husband, "but suppose (of course
we all hope it will never be your case) a father has two sons at the front
and he loses one of them, there is still one left to console him...while..."
"Yes," answered the other, getting cross, "a son left to console him but
also a son left for whom he must survive, while in the case of the father of
an only son if the son dies the father can die too and put an end to his
distress. Which of the two positions is worse? Don't you see how my case
would be worse than yours?"

9. What is the topic of the conversation?

a. The number of children each parent has
b. The number of sons each parent has
c. The sons being sent to the war front
d. The parents’ love for their sons

10. What does the speaker in the fourth paragraph emphasize?

a. Raising two sons is harder than raising one.
b. Parental love is not divided but equally given in full to all children.
c. Parental love involves suffering.
d. Letting the sons go to war is unnecessary.

11. The phrase “getting cross “in the last paragraph means
a. being satisfied
b. being convinced
c. being irritated
d. being jealous
12. The characters’ tone express that they are...
a. in agreement
b. arguing
c. consoling one another
d. trying to come up with a single answer
 
Sipi mula sa “Isang Dipang Langit”
ni Amado V. Hernandez
1
Ako’y ipiniit ng linsil na puno
hangad palibhasang diwa ko’y piitin,
katawang marupok, aniya’y pagsuko,
damdami’y supil na’t mithiin ay supil.
5
Ikinulong ako sa kutang malupit:
bato, bakal, punlo, balasik ng bantay;
lubos na tiwalag sa buong daigdig
at inaring kahit buhay man ay patay.
9
Sa munting dungawan, tanging abot-malas
ay sandipang langit na puno ng luha,
maramot na birang ng pusong may sugat,
watawat ng aking pagkapariwara.
13
Sintalim ng kidlat ang mata ng tanod,
sa pintong may susi’t walang makalapit;
sigaw ng bilanggo sa katabing moog,
anaki’y atungal ng hayop sa yungib.
17
Ang maghapo’y tila isang tanikala
na kala-kaladkad ng paang madugo
ang buong magdamag ay kulambong luksa
ng kabaong waring lungga ng bilanggo.
13. Ano ang kahulugan ng salitang marupok sa linya 3?
a. madaling masira
b. delikado
c. mahina
d. sugatan
 
14.Alin sa mga sumusunod na kaisipan ang hindi ipinahahayag ng
ikalawang saknong?
a. Hindi madali ang manatili sa loob ng piitan.
b. Mahigpit ang pagbabantay sa kanya sa kulungan.
c. Wala na siyang anumang kaugnayan sa mundo sa labas ng kulungan.
d. Siya ay mamamatay na.
 
15. Ang linyang “Sintalim ng kidlat ang mata ng tanod” ay isang
halimbawa ng
a. Pag-uulit
b. Panghihimig
c. Pagwawangis
d. Pagtutulad
 
16. Mahihinuha mula sa tono ng tula na
a. Nais niyang tumakas
b. Kinatatakutan niya ang bantay
c. Batbat ng hirap at pagdurusa ang karanasan sa loob ng piitan
d. Nais na niyang wakasan ang kanyang buhay
 Sipi mula sa akda ni Kristine V. Romero
Napakahalagang hakbang sa pagpapakilala sa mga mag-aaral sa Filipino
bilang disiplina ang pagpapatatag ng kanilang kaalaman at kasanayan sa
pananaliksik na kakailanganin nang lubos sa kanilang pagtuntong sa
kolehiyo at sa larangang propesyunal. Sa mga kasanayang inilatag sa
tsart ng "Pag-aantas ng mga Kasanayan sa Filipino," ipinakikita na
"kailangang" matutuhan at mabatid na ng mag-aaral sa Baitang 8 ang
mga batayang salik na bumubuo sa pananaliksik. Ilan sa mga ito ang
iba't ibang anyo ng pananaliksik (etnograpiko, historiko, tekstuwal,
pansining, at kultural); bahagi ng papel-pananaliksik; pagbuo ng
abstrak; etikal at legal na proseso ng pagtitipon at pagbabahagi ng
impormasyon; kahalagahan ng pananaliksik; iba't ibang anyo ng
sanggunian; pagsusuri sa mga nakalap na impormasyon; at
marami pang mga kaugnay na elemento at kasanayan. Kung susuriin
nang mabuti, nasisimulan na ang pagpapasok ng mga kasanayang
kaugnay ng pananaliksik sa mababang baitang pa lamang tulad ng
simpleng paghahanap ng kahulugan ng salita sa diksyunaryo;
pagtatala ng impormasyong hango sa radyo, telebisyon, o diyaryo; mga
detalye sa survey; mga pahayag mula sa pakikipanayam; o kahit batay sa
sariling obserbasyon sa mga sari-saring bagay. Papaitaas ang usad ng
mga kasanayan sa pananaliksik na kailangang gawin at mapanatili upang
makabuo ng higit na pagpapahalaga at pag-unawa ang mga mag-aaral sa
pananaliksik bilang dinamikong proseso ng pagbatid sa mga
impormasyon, pag-unawa sa tiyak na konteksto niyon, pagsusuri ng
kondisyong inilalatag ng realidad, at pagtuklas din ng mga alternatibong
kaalaman.
 
17. Ano ang pangunahing diwa ng seleksyon?
a. Ang kahalagahan ng pananaliksik sa Filipino
b. Ang pagkatuto sa mga batayang salik sa pananaliksik
c. Ang kahalagahan ng mga batayang salik sa pananaliksik
d. Ang proseso ng pananaliksik sa Filipino
 
18.Bakit mahalaga na matutunan ang pagpapatatag sa kaalaman at
kasanayan sa pananaliksik sa Filipino?
a. Magagamit ito sa mababang baitang.
b. Magagamit ito sa kolehiyo.
c. Magagamit rin ito sa mga larangang propesyunal.
d. Magagamit ito sa kolehiyo at sa larangang propesyunal.
 
19. Alin sa mga sumusunod ang hindi kabilang sa mga nabanggit na
batayang salik ng pananaliksik?
a. Iba’t ibang anyo ng pananaliksik
b. Pagbuo ng abstrak
c. Pag-interbyu ng mga respondent
d. Mga proseso ng pagtitipon at pagbabahagi ng impormasyon
 
20. Kailan nagsisimula ang pagkatuto ng mga bagay na kaugnay sa
kasanayan sa pananaliksik?
a. Sa kolehiyo
b. Pagkatapos ng Baitang 8
c. Sa Baitang 8
d. Sa mababang baitang