Kinematics

It deals only with the motion of bodies without reference to the forces that cause them.
Motion
Progressive change in position of a body
accelerated
one of the two classes of a cam in general uniform and accelerated
Linear momentum
Product of mass and linear velocity is
known as:
Retarded motion
It is the motion of an object
diminished/decreased speed.
Inertia
It is a property of matter, which
causes it to resist any change in its
motion or state of rest.
Uniform motion
If the velocity of mass is the same all
the time during which motion takes
place is called:
have any type of motion
Statement that a given body is in
static equilibrium means that the
body cannot
Kinematics
It is a science of motion that can be
solved in terms of scalar or vector
algebra.
initial velocity
An object thrown upward will return
to earth the magnitude of the
terminal velocity equal to
Radial cam
The follower reciprocates or
oscillates in a plane perpendicular to
the axis of rotation of the cam.
cylindrical cam
The follower reciprocates or
oscillates in a plane parallel to the
axis of rotation.
back cone
A cone formed by elements, which
are perpendicular to the elements of
the pitch cone at the large end.
kinetic energy
The ability of moving body to
perform work is called:
three turning and one sliding
pair
A slider crank chain is made up of
sliding and turning pairs
A scott-Russell mechanism is made
up of
turning pairs
Ackerman steering gear is made up
of
cylindrical cam
A cam where the follower
reciprocates or oscillates in a plane
parallel to the axis of the cam is
called:
a point obtained by
intersection of extending
adjoining links
Instantaneous center of rotation of a
link in a four bar mechanism lies on
Velocity
A vector quantity that describes
both how fast it is moving and the
direction in which it is heated.
Acceleration
Which of the following is the rate at
which the velocity is changing?
Centripetal acc
The direction of the ________ is
toward the center of the circle in
which, the study moves.
Machine
It is a device that changes the
magnitude, direction or mode of
application of a torque or force
while transmitting it for a particular
purpose.
Vector composition
The process of obtaining the
resultant of any number of vectors
vector quantity
It has magnitude, direction and
sense.
Cam
A plate, cylinder or other solid with a
surface of contact so designed as to
caused or modify the motion of the
piece.
velocity is constant
When acceleration is zero, the
constant
When the velocity is changing, the
acceleration is
acceleration of various parts
Klein's construction is used to
determine the
Crank has a uniform angular
acceleration.
Crank has a uniform angular
velocity
(two answers based from pdf)
Klein's construction can be used
when
the angle of rotation of the cam
for a definite displacement of
the follower
The cam angle is
the point of cam pitch circle
that has the maximum pressure
angle
The pitch point on a cam refers to
one link should be fixed
For a kinematics chain to be
considered as mechanism,
6
Hart mechanism has how many
links?
8
Peaucellier mechanism has how
many links?
higher pair
A cam with a roller follower would
constitute which type of pair?
two elements that allow
relative motion
Kinematics pairs are those pairs that
have
lower pairs
A Pantograph is a mechanism
having
4
The number of links in a pantograph
is equal to
two pairs and two pairs sliding
In elliptical trammels,
utilizes a quadrilateral similar
to the diagram of mechanism
for reciprocating engine
The Klein's method of construction
for reciprocating engine mechanism
it must have two components
of acceleration e.g.,
centripetal and tangential
If a particle of a link has a velocity
that changes both in magnitude
and direction at any instant, then
Both gearing mechanism
Select the one that is the highest
pair.
lower pair
A shaft revolving in a bearing forms a
N(N-1)/2
The total number of instantaneous
center for a mechanism of N links is
equal to
4 links and 4 turning pairs
A kinematics chain needs a
minimum of
L = 2/3(J+2)
For kinematics chains formed by
lower pair the relation between the
number of joint J is given by
two pairs and two pairs slide
In case of an elliptical trammel,
whitworth-quick-return
mechanism
Coriolis component of acceleration
is found in
rigid body
It is one that is not appreciably
deformed by the action of any
external force or load.
outermost
At a given section of an I beam the
maximum bending stress occurs at the
resolution of forces
The resultant of two or more forces is a
resultant
Two or more forces acting together, could
be replaced by a single force with same
effect in a mass called:
normal of force
The frictional forces depends on
coefficient of friction and
modulus of rigidity
Shear modulus is also known as:
Endurance limit
The maximum stress induced in a material
when subjected to intermittent or repeated
load without causing failure is called:
Shearing stress
Internal stress exerted by the fibers to resist
the action of outside force is called:
equal to half of the ultimate strength
Alloy steel axle under repeated
load/stress will eventually fail if the
load/stress is above the endurance for the
steel under consideration. The endurance
limit of the steel is therefore
Angular Mass (but none of the above in pdf)
Moment of inertia is also called:
Defection of a beam is
inversely proportional to the modulus
of elasticity and moment of inertia
Creep
Continuous stretching under load even if
the stress is less than the yield point is called:
couple
It is opposite direction of parallel force.
The ratio of the moment of inertia of the
cross - section of the beam to the section
modulus is
The ratio of the moment of inertia of the
cross - section of the beam to the section
modulus is
load of the beam
The differential of the shear equation is
which of the following:
force
Could be defined as simply push and
pull is known as
strains
The changes in shape or geometry of
the body due to action of a force on it is
called deformation or
stiffness
Ability to resist deformation under stress is
called:
poisson's ratio
The property of a material that relates
the lateral strain to longitudinal strain is
called:
Resultant force
The single force which produces the
same effect upon a body as two or more
forces acting together is called:
compressive stress
The ability of metal to resist being
crushed is called
composition of forces
Finding the resultant of two or more
forces is called:
design stress = ultimate stress divided
by factor of safety
In general, the design stress and factor
of safety are related as follows
residual stresses
Stresses that are independent to loads
are known as:
poisson's ratio
The ratio of unit lateral deformation to
unit longitudinal deformation is called:
concurrent forces
Separate forces, which can be so
combined are called:
yield strength
Endurance strength is nearly proportional
to the ultimate strength but not with
continuous beam
The three moment equation may be
used to analyze a
lateral strain to longitudinal strain
Poisson's ratio is the ratio of
Linear impulse
The product of the resultant of all forces
acting on a body and the time that the
resultant acts.
equilibrium is maintained
The system of forces and opposite
collinear forces are added, which of the
following if any is true?
tensile strength
What is the property of a material, which
resists forces acting to pull the material
apart?
torsional strength
What is the metal characteristic to
withstand forces that causes twisting?
strain
The unit deformation is called
elongation
The total amount of permanent
extension of the gage length measured
after specimen has fractured and is
expressed as percentage increase of the
original length.
ultimate strength
Strength of a material is that of a stress
intensity determined by considering the
maximum test load to act over the original
area of the test specimens called
tensile strength
The maximum stress, which is reached
during a tension test is called
load on the beam
Which of the following is the different of
the shear equation?
strain
The change in length per unit original
length
compressive strength
The ability of material or metal to resist
being crushed is
torsional strength
The ability of a metal to withstand forces
that causes a member to twist.
modulus of elasticity
The ratio of stress to strain within the
elastic limit is called
strength
The ability of metal to withstand loads
without breaking down is termed as
elastic limit
The last point at which a material may
be stretched a still return to its underformed
condition upon release of the stress.
strain
The deformation that results from a stress
and is expressed in terms of the amount of
deformation per inch.
stress
The internal resistance a material offers
to being deformed and is measured in terms
of applied load.
endurance strength
The maximum stress induced in a
material when subjected to alternating or
repeated
loading without causing failure.
ultimate strength
The maximum stress to which a material
may be subjected before failure occurs is
called:
strain
The total deformation measured in the
direction of the line of stress.
stress
The total resistance that a material offers
to an applied load is called
shear strength
The ability of metal to withstand forces
thus following a number of twist.
Factor of safety
The ratio of the ultimate stress to the
allowable stress.
maximum at the wall
In a cantilever beam with a concentrated
load at the free end, the moment is
bearing strength
The greatest unit pressure the soil can
continuously withstand.
It is elastic.
A specimen is subjected to a load. When
the load is removed the strain disappears.
From this information, which of the following
can be deducted about this material?
has a reaction equal to the load
A cantilever beam having a uniformly
increasing load toward the fixed end
depends on the materials and the
finish condition of the surface
The coefficient of friction for dry surfaces
The maximum stress to which a material
may be subjected before failure occurs.
ultimate stress
stress
The total resistance that a material offers
to an applied load.
the square beam is more
economical
If the areas of cross-sections of square
and circular beams are the same and both
are put to equal bending moment then the
correct statement is
axial tension loads
Ties are load carrying members that
carry
prestressing thick cylinders
Auto frottage is the method of
principle stress, normal stress and tangential stress
Mohr's circle can be used to determine
_________ on inclined surface.
shear stress to shear strain
Modulus of rigidity can be defined as the
ratio of
resilience
The total strain energy stored in a body is called
one third that of a prismatic bar of the
same length
The elongation of a conical bar under its
own weight is equal to
There is no such phenomenon like
true stress or true strain.
Which one is the incorrect statement
about true stress-strain method?
maximum load during test / original
cross-sectional area
The tensile stress of a material is given by
compressive stress
When a part is constrained to move and
heated, it develops what kind of stress?
one-half
For steel, the ultimate strength in shear as
compared to in tension is nearly
modulus of elasticity
The intensity of stress that causes unit
strain is known as
more
The ultimate tensile stress of mild steel, as
compared to its ultimate compressive stress
will be
E = 2g(u+1)
The relation between modulus of
elasticity E and modulus of elasticity in shear
G, bulk modulus of elasticity K and Poisson's
ratio is given by
minimum or maximum
When shear force is zero along a section,
the bending moment at that section will be
a sudden break
The stress-strain curve for a glass rod
during tensile test is
¾
The ratio of average shear stress to
maximum shear stress for a circular section is
equal to
1 (unclear in the pdf)
to be verified*
The ratio of bulk modulus for Poisson's
ratio of 0.25 will be equal to
least radius of gyration
The compression members tend to
buckle in the direction of
proportional to the displacement of
the material acted upon by the force
The stress in an elastic material is
unsupported length to its least radius
of gyration
The slenderness ratio of a column is
generally defined as the ratio of its
elastic range
The linear portion of the stress-strain
diagram of steel is known as
where the shearing stress is zero
Principal stresses occur on those planes
a measure of distance
The ratio of the moment of inertia of the
cross-section of a beam to the section
modulus is
shearing stress
Structural steel elements subjected to torsion develop what kind of stress?
sum of the moments of all external
forces on one side of the section
The bending moment at a section of a beam is derived from the
is the ratio of the maximum stress
produced in a cross section to the
average stress over the section
The stress concentration factor
unit lateral deformation to the unit
longitudinal deformation
Poisson's ratio is the ratio of the
Stress = E (strain)
Hooke's law for an isotropic
homogeneous medium experiencing one
dimensional stress is known as
defined as the unit shear stress
divided by the unit shear deformation
The modulus of rigidity of a steel member is
w L/8
w= angular speed
The maximum bending moment of a
beam simply supported at both ends and subject to a total load w uniformly distributed
over its length L is expressed by the formula
the length of the column
In a column (slenderness ratio > 160),
which of the following has the greatest influence on its tendency to buckle under a
compressive load?
change in moment between the two
points
The area of the shear diagram of a
beam between any two points on the
beam is equal to the
stress-strain relationships where
stresses are applied in more than
one direction
Poisson's ratio is principally used in
a measure of a materials ability to
store strain energy
Modulus of resilience is
it is the stress at which the material
plastically strains 0.2%.
Which of the following best describes the
0.2% offset yield stress?
Creep
Under very low deformation and at high temperature it is possible to have some plastic
flow in a crystal at a shear stress lower than the critical shear stress. What is this
phenomenon called?
Offset yield stress
In a stress-strain diagram what is the
correct term for the stress level at e = 0.20% offset?
Repeated load
Under which type of loading does
fatigue occur?
It is elastic.
A specimen is subjected to a load. When the load is removed, the strain disappears.
From this information, which of the following can be deduced about this material?
0.45
Which of the following may be the
Poisson ratio of a material?
long side
In pure torsion, the minimum torsional
stress occurs at the
allowable stress
In a specification schedule is used when the pipe specified as "schedule 80", the pipe
corresponds to the
28 to 31
The modulus of elasticity for ordinary steel usually falls between ________ million
pounds per square inch.
stiffness
The modulus of elasticity is a measure of
tension
The modulus of elasticity for most metals in compression is usually taken as that in
Section modulus
The ratio of moment and stress is called:
zero
For a symmetrical cross-section beam the flexural stress is _______ when the vertical
shear is maximum.
approximately the same
When tested in compression, ductile materials usually exhibit ________characteristics
up to the yield strength as they do when tested in tension
fatigue failures
It has been said that 80% of the failures of machine parts have been due to
0.23 to 0.65
Cazand quotes values for steel showing Sn/Su ratios, often called endurance ratio, from
stress raiser
The discontinuity or change of section, such as scratches, holes, bends, or grooves is a
stress concentration factor
The degree of stress concentration is usually indicated by the
Residual stress
In a part at uniform temperature and not acted upon by an external load, any internal
stress that exists is called:
Initial stress
The stress or load induced by the tightening operation.
Buckling
A type of failure due to instability is known as
slenderness ratio
The ratio of the length of the column and the radius of gyration of the cross-sectional
area about a centroidal axis is called
Euler's formula
Formula that applies to a very slender column is called
uniaxial
If two principal stresses are zero, the state stress is
biaxial
If one principal stress is zero, the state stress is
triaxial
If all the principal stresses have finite values, the system is
yield stress / factor of safety
Under theories of failure for static loading of ductile material, the design stress is the
half
Under theories of failure, the value of shear stress is ______ that of tensile stress.
the same
The theory of mechanics of materials shows that the results from the octahedral shear
stress theory and those from the maximum distortion energy theory are
Shearing stress
A kind of stress that is caused by forces acting along or parallel to the area is called
Stress
Obtained by dividing the differential load dF by the dA over which it acts.
ultimate strength
The highest ordinate in the stress - strain diagram or curve is called
couple
A pair of forces equal in magnitude opposite in direction, and not in the same line is
called
Truss
Framework composed of members joined at their ends to form a rigid structure is known
as :
Young modulus
The ratio of the tensile stress to the tensile strain is called
bulk modulus
The ratio of the volume stress to the volume strain is called the coefficient of volume
elasticity or
Its magnitude, direction of its action and point of application (all of the above in pdf)
The action of a force is characterized by
shear is zero
At highest or lowest point on the moment diagram
an axial load, a traverse force, a bending moment (all of the above in pdf)
The built-in or fixed support is capable of supporting
Modulus of rigidity
The modulus of elasticity in shear is commonly called
elastic limit
The stress beyond which the material will not return to its original shape when
unloaded, but will retain a permanent deformation is termed as
Working stress
Refers to the actual stress the material has when under load.
4890 kg per sq. cm
The safe soil bearing pressure of diesel engine is about
5
The machine foundation must have a factor of safety of
actual stress
The load acts over a smaller area, and the ________ continues to increase unit failure.
Yield strength
In the stress-strain diagram where there is a large increase in strain with little or no
increase in stress is called
beam
A ________ member that carries loads transverse to its axis.
Static load
Which type of load that is applied slowly and is never removed?
Random loading
When varying loads are applied that are not regular in their amplitude, the loading is
called
design factor
A measure of the relative safety of a load-carrying component is termed as
A measure of the relative safety of a load-carrying component is termed as
The condition, which causes actual stresses in machine members to be higher than
nominal values predicted by the elementary direct and combined stress equations.
Design stress
The stress value, which is used, in the mathematical determination of the required size
of the machine member.
0.25 to 0.27
Typical values for Poisson's ratio of cast iron is in the range of
0.27 to 0.30
Typical values for Poisson's ratio of steel is in the range of
0.30 to 0.33
Typical values for Poisson's ratio of aluminum and titanium is in the range of
principal plane
The angle of inclination of the planes on which the principal stresses act is called
Distortion energy theory
_________ provides a very accurate prediction of failure of ductile materials under static
loads or completely reversed normal, shear or combined stresses.
0.08 to 1
Torsional deflection is a significant consideration in the design of shaft and the limit
should be in the range of ________ degrees/foot of length.
15
For a universal joint shaft angle should be _________ degrees maximum and much
less if in high rotational speed.
0.010
It is a good design practice for steel line shafting to consider a limit to the linear
deflection of ________ inch/foot length maximum.
Shaft
It is a rotating machine member that transmits power.
Axle
A stationary member carrying pulleys, wheels and etc. that transmit power is called:
Main shaft
A line shaft is also known as
Counter shaft, Jack shaft, Head Shaft (All of the above)
Which of the following shaft intermediate between a line shaft and a driven shaft?
Spindles
Short shafts on machines are called
zero
For shafts, the shear due to bending is a maximum at the neutral plane where the
normal stress is
1
Criteria for the limiting torsional deflection vary from 0.08 per foot of length for
machinery shafts to _______ per foot.
20
For transmission shafts the allowable deflection is one degree in a length of _________
diameters.
0.01 in. per foot
An old rule of thumb for transmission shafting is that the deflection should not exceed
____________ of length between supports.
0.002 in/ft
In general for machinery shafts, the permissible deflection may be closer to
Critical speed
The speed at which the center of mass will equal the deflecting forces on the shaft with
its attached bodies will then vibrate violently, since the centrifugal force changes its
direction as the shaft turns.
1.5
For shaft, the minimum value of numerical combined shock and fatigue factor to be
applied in every case to the computed bending moment is
4.5
It is suggested that the design factor on the yield strength be about 1.5 for the smooth
load, about 2 to 2.25 for minor shock loads, and _________ when the loading reverse
during operation.
the length is less than 8 times the diameter
A column is called short column when
is zero at the axis and linearly increases to a maximum value at the surfaceof the shaft
For a circular shaft subjected to torque the value of shear stress
least radius of gyration
The compression members tend to buckle in the direction of
heterogeneous material
Areinforced concrete beam is considered to be made up of
length of the column
The column splice is used for increasing
parabola
A simply supported beam has a uniformly distributed load on it, the bending moment is
crank shaft
The power obtained by piston reaches flywheel through the
single piece and built up
There are two types of crankshafts, namely
cam shaft
Engine valves get open by means of
282 kg/cm2
The value of allowable stresses which are generally used in practice for main
transmitting shafts is
423 kg/cm2
The value of allowable stresses which are generally used in practice for line shafts
carrying pulleys is
599 kg/cm2
The value of allowable stresses which are generally used in practice for small, short
shafts, countershafts is
1
Torsional deformation in transmission shafts should be limited to _______ in 20
diameters.
in. per foot of length
Lateral deflection caused by bending should not exceed
dead
Front axle should be live and
tie rod
The steering is coupled to the two front wheels by means of a
propeller shaft
In the overdrive transmission system the rotation speed of ________ rest higher than
that of engine's speed.
keeps appropriate
A slip joint ________ the length of propeller shaft.
differential
The transmission system incorporates clutch, gear box, and propeller shaft and
in the gear ratio
The lay shaft moves ________ the primary shaft.
parallel to
The main shaft is lifted ________ the lay shaft.
primary and main shafts
In the top gear, the rotational speeds of _________ remain the same
reverse
The primary and lay shafts rotate in _________ direction.
Machine shaft
It is an integral part of a machine.
torsional, bending and axial (all of the above in pdf)
Stresses in shafts are analyzed through
16 , 20 , 24ft (all of the above in pdf)
What is the standard stock length?
20000 to 50000 rpm
Centrifugal separators that operate at speeds ________ also employ these flexible
shafts.
AISI 3240
Which of the following material is used for shafting?
Shaft balancing
The process of redistributing the mass attached to a rotating body in order to reduce
vibrations arising from a centrifugal force.
rigidity
In many cases the _________ of the shaft is an import design feature.
low carbon steel
Commercial shafting is made of
Mild steel
What is the most common material for shafting?
stronger
Cold drawing produces a ________ shaft that hot rolling, but with higher residual
stresses.
5000to 8000 psi
Allowable stresses in shear equal to ________ are common in design of a shaft.
Elastic material bushed coupling
A type of coupling that allows slight amount of torsional angular flexibility due to
introduction with some elastic material cylindrically wrapped around the bolts in the
flange.
Gib-head keys
Which of the following keys that is square or flat and tapered with head?
Flat Key and Square key
What are considered as the most common keys?
Pin key
A key may either straight or tapered. It is usually a drive fit
Roll Pin
A key with one of several patented methods of keying is driven or pressed into a hole
that is small enough to close the slit, assembled in radial direction.
Tangential keys
Kennedy keys are also known as
Feather key
A key that allows the hub to move along the shaft but prevents the rotation of the shaft.
Close fit, Press, Sliding
Which of the following type of fits used for involute spline?
Involute serrations
Used for permanent fits and are similar to involute splines except that the pressure
angle is 14.5 deg.
double shear
In case of a knuckle joint, the pin is most likely to fall in
the key is cut in both shaft and hub
In case of sunk key,
automobiles
Splined shafts are generally for
axial relative motion between shaft and hub is necessary
Splines are used when
None of the above
Which key normally used in wristwatches?
1.2 d
If a square key and shaft are to be of the same material and of equal strength the length
of key would be equal to
Woodruff key
A type of key that is used in self-aligning machine key made by a side milling cutter in
the form of a segment of a disk.
Key way
A female mating member that forms a groove in the shaft to which the key fits.
Kennedy key
A square taper key fitted into a keyway of square section and driven from opposite ends
of the hub is known as
Key
A machine member employed at the interface of a pair of mating male and female
circular cross-sectioned members to prevent relative angular motion between these
mating.
sunk
A feather key is one of the following types of
Splines
Permanent keys made integral with the shaft and fitting into key ways broached into the
mating hub.
Barth key
A type of square key with bottom two corners beveled is called
1000 psi
The bearing load on feather keys should not exceed
90
The two keys are angularly spaced
120
The three keys are angularly spaced
1.7
The permissible crushing stress is about _________ times the permissible shear stress.
1.5D
Practical considerations required that the hub length should be at least _________ to
obtain a good grip.
15
For three keys, a _________ percent overload often is used.
Clevis pins
A pin that is cylindrical in shape with a head on one end and a radial through hole in the
other end.
Taper pins
Used for the attachment of levers, wheels and similar devices onto shafts for light-duty
service.
Key way
The key fits into mating grooves in the shaft and mating member is called
Shear pins
Used as couplings, or in addition to overload, where there is danger of injury to
machines or to material in process.
Flange compression coupling
A coupling that transmits power via the frictional forces induced by pulling the flanges
toward each other over slotted tapered sleeves is known as
Flexible coupling
What is used for absorbing some shock and vibration that may appear on one shaft and
of preventing the occurrence of reversed stresses caused by the shaft deflecting at the
coupling?
15
For a single Hooke's coupling the shaft angle should not be greater than
Used for non-collinear shafts
A universal coupling is
used for collinear shafts
A flange coupling is
key
In flange coupling the weakest element should be the
shear forces
In flange coupling the flange bolts are designed for
Coupling
Which of the following mechanical devices is used for uniting or connecting parts of a
mechanical system?
Hydraulic coupling
A coupling that employs a fluid to provide angular flexibility between the input and
output shafts.
Rigid coupling
Which of the following type of coupling is used with collinear shafts?
Oldham coupling
A type of coupling used to connect shafts that have lateral misalignment.
Falkcoupling
A coupling that is composed of two slotted members, which are connected by a
continuous steel spring, and lies in the slots.
to provide for the connection of shafts of units that are manufactured separately
to provide for misalignment of the shafts
to reduce the transmission of shock loads from one shaft to another
(all of the above in pdf)
Shaft couplings are used in machinery for several purposes. The most common
purpose of shaft coupling is
1.25D and 2.4D
Typical hub length falls between _________ where D is the shaft diameter
¼
The diameter of the large end of the pin should be ________ the shaft diameter.
Sliding fastener
The most common type of sliding action fastener and is widely used on doors is the
1.7
When the key is not fitted on all four sides experience has shown that, the permissible
crushing stress is about ____________ times the permissible shear stress.
Coupling
The mechanical fastening that connects shafts together for power transmission.
Crest
Top surface joining two sides of thread in screw is known as
taper thread
Screw thread projecting from a cylindrical surface is a
Chamfer
The conical surface at the starting end of the thread is called
Flank
The surface connecting the cast and roots of the screw thread.
Basic profile of thread
The theoretical profile of the thread for a length of one pitch in the axial plane on which
design forms of both the external threads are based.
root
The top and bottom-land for gears is similar formed as to crest and ________ for screw
thread.
5/8 inch
Some experiments made at Cornell University showed that experience mechanic could
bread a ________ bolt due to nut tightening.
Angle of thread
The angle included between the sides of the thread measured in an axial plane in a
screw thread.
Depth of engagement
Length of contact between two mating parts in screw and nut threads measured axially
is called
screw thread
Major and minor diameters are commonly used in
major diameter
Nominal diameter of bolts is the
square thread
A _________ is a kind of thread in which the width of the thread and the space between
threads are approximately equal.
Stud bolt
A type of bolt commonly used in the construction that is threaded in both ends.
Used for non-collinear shafts
...
Torque wrench
A hand tool used to measure tension in bolts.
Tapping tap
One of the following is not a tap used for cutting threads in holes.
Carriage bolt
Type of bolt intended for use in bolting wooden parts together or wood to metal. It has a
short portion of shank just underneath a round head, which is designed to keep the bolt
from turning in the wood when the nut is tightened.
Tap
A cylindrical bar or steel with threads formed around it and grooves or flutes running
lengthwise in it, intersecting with the threads to form cutting edges. It is used to cut
internal threads.
Stud bolt
A kind of bolt, which has no head but instead has threads on bolts ends.
Major diameter
Refers to the diameter of the imaginary cylinder that bounds the crest of an external
thread.
Pitch
The distance in inches a screw thread advances axially in one turn.
UNC
Which of the following type of threads recommended for general use?
UNF
It is frequently used in automobile and aircraft work.
UNEF
Which of the following type of threads are useful in aeronautical equipments?
8UN
It is used on bolts for high-pressure pipe flanges, cylinder head studs etc.
Bolt
Refers to a screw fastening with a nut on it.
Screw
Which one that has no nut and turns into a threaded hole?
Machine bolt
Refers to an old name for an unfinished through bolt, comes with a square.
Coupling bolt
Which type of bolt that finished all over, usually having coarse threads?
Stud bolt
A type of bolt distinguished by a short portion of the shank underneath the head being
square or finned or ribbed.
Carriage bolt
It is a type of bolt threaded on both ends that can be used where a through bolt is
impossible.
Stove bolt
A cheap variety of bolt was made in small sizes.
Lag screw
A large wood screw is used to fasten machinery and equipment to a wooden base.
1.5D
The length of contact in a tapped hole should be a minimum of about ___________ for
cast iron.
dowel pins
When the location of bolt is such that it would normally be shear, it is better practice to
use a
Lock washer
A locking device used to maintain pressure between the threads of the bolt and nut.
major diameter
The crest diameter of a screw thread is the same as
left hand threads on one end and right hand threads on other end
Turn buckle has
equal to the diameter of bolt
The diameter of a washer is generally
root
The stress concentration is maximum at _________ in a standard coarse thread.
hard fiber or nylon cotter is recessed in the nut and becomes threaded as the nut is
screwed on the bolt causing a tight grip.
Elastic nut is a locking device that has
3
Foundation bolts of specified size should be used and surrounded by a pipe sleeve with
an inside diameter of a least ________ times the diameter of the anchor bolt.
18
Foundation bolts should be at least ____________ times the diameter of the anchor
bolt.
12
No foundation bolts shall be less than _________ mm diameter.
30
Anchor bolts should be embedded in concrete at least ___________ times the bolt
diameter.
acme
The screw thread commonly used for transmission of motion is one of the following
types of ___________ threads.
acme threads
The spindle of bench vises are usually provided with
Fastener
Any device to connect or joint more components.
Compound screw
When the threads are of opposite hand, the driven screw moves rapidly is known as
1.5
The threaded length is about _________ times the diameters.
6 x 37
Extra flexible hoisting rope applications is
Mps
All terms and abbreviations deal with wire rope arrangement except this ________
which deals with rope materials strength .
Plastic
One of the following materials is not mentioned for wire rope pulley / sheave
applications.
higher value
The factor of safety generally applied in wire rope design starts at 3-4 for standing rope
application, 5-12 for operating rope and __________ for hazard to life and properly
application like foundry operation.
twisted in opposite direction
In the selection of wire rope, regular lay means wires and standards are arranged in the
following manner _________
Auto frettage
A process of prestressing or over stressing a hollow cylindrical member beyond the
elastic range by hydraulic pressure.
Fretting
When two touching surface have a high contact pressure and when these surfaces
have minute relative motion a phenomenon called
centrifugal casting
Pipes subject to high pressure are generally made by
circumferential tensile stress
Hoop stress refers to
prestressing thick cylinders
Autfrettage is the method of
maximum at inner surface and decreases toward outer surface
The radial pressure and hoop tension for a thick cylinder is
Sr-Sh = constant
Assuming longitudinal strain to be constant at any point in the thickness of the cylinder,
the radial stress Sr and hoop stress Sh are related as
Pd(1-2u)/2tE
Thin cylindrical shell of diameter d and thickness t when subjected to internal pressure
P, if Poisson's ratio of material is u , the circumferential or hoop strain is
less than 0.
A cylinder in which the ratio of the wall thickness to the inside diameter is ___________
may be called a thin cylinder
8 to 10
External pressure tubes in boilers are designed with an apparent factor of safety of
Tube
Refers to a hollow product of round or any other cross section having a continuous
periphery.
8/7
The thickness should be multiplied by _________ to obtain the nominal wall thickness.
Thick-walled cylinders
It is used in high-pressure cylinders.
5
To obtain safe working pressure the critical pressure, should be at least ______ times
the working pressure.
modulus of elasticity
The radial pressure between the cylinders at the surface of contact depends on the
___________ of the materials.
direction of twist in strands is opposite to the direction of twist of strands
In cross or regular lay ropes the
6 by 37
Which of the ropes will be most flexible
A wire rope that the wires and strands are twisted in opposite direction.
Regular lay
Lang lay
A wire rope that the wires and strands are twisted in the same direction.
7 x 7 IWRC
A type of rope used for haulages, rigging, and guardrails.
6 x 19 IWRC
A rope used for general-purpose.
6 x 37 IWRC
A type of rope used for lines, hawsers, overheated cranes, hoists.
high-carbon steel
The regular materials for wire rope are made of
240 and 280 ksi
The ultimate strength of improved Plow Steel is in the range of
5
The minimum suggested design factor of ________ for ropes miscellaneous hoisting
equipment.
500 psi
To avoid excessive wear rate the recommended limiting pressure for 6 x 19 rope is
___________ for cast iron.
900 psi
To avoid excessive wear rate the recommended limiting pressure for 6 x 19 rope is
________ for cast steel.
2500 psi
To avoid excessive wear rate the recommended limiting pressure for 6 x 19 rope is
___________ for manganese steel.
strands
Wire ropes are made from cold-drawn wires that are first wrapped into
7 wires
The designation 6 by 7 indicates the rope is made of six strands each containing
Aluminum alloys, copper and bronze
Ropes are made of
reserve strength
The ratio of the strength of all the inside wires to the strength of all the wires in the rope
elevators, cranes and tramways
The chief usage of wire ropes at the present time is
12,000,000 psi
Tests and theoretical investigations by J.F. Howe indicate that for steel ropes of the
ordinary constructions the value of modulus of elasticity is
60 to 100
Average mine-hoist practice is to use drums ______________ times the rope diameter.
72d
What is the recommended sheave diameter for haulage rope?
45d
What is the recommended sheave diameter for standard hoisting rope?
31d
What is the recommended sheave diameter for extra-flexible hoisting rope?
strands
Wire ropes are made from cold-drawn wires that are first wrapped into
3.5
The Roebling Handbook suggests minimum design factor of guy's is
5.0
The Roebling Handbook suggests minimum design factor of miscellaneous hoisting
equipment is
6 x 37
An extra flexible rope is
less than
The strength of the rope is always ____________ the sum of the strength of wires
6 x 19
One of the most popular rope style is
7
The minimum factor of safety of small hoist is
Normalizing
To avoid brittleness of weld or the residual stress in the welding it is normally stress
relieved of
Metal spray welding
A of welding whereby a wire or powder from the nozzle of a spray gun is fused by a gas
flame, arc or plasma jet and then molten particles are projected in a form of a spray by
means of compressed air or gas is known a
¼ in.
Weld metal impact specimen shall be taken across the weld with one face substantially
parallel to and within
A single welded lap joint
A joint between to overlapping members in whom the overlapped edge of one member
is welded with a fillet weld is called
Butt weld
A weld place in groove between two butting members is called
Fillet weld
A weld of approximately triangular cross-section that join two surfaces at approximately
right angles as in lap joint, tee joint, corner joint.
Full-fillet weld
A fillet weld whose size is equal to the thickness of the inner joint member is called
Tack weld
A weld made to hold the parts of a weldment in proper alignment until the final welds
are made of
Lap weld
Test is designed primarily for application to electric-welded tubing for detection of lack of
penetration or overlaps resulting from flash removal in the weld
Not relieved when the weld is penned
The internal stresses existing in a welded connection are
Brazing
A welding operation in which a nonferrous fillet metal at a temperature below that of the
metal joined but is heated above 450C
Soldering
Uniting two pieces of metal by means of a different metal which is applied between the
two in molten state
Resistance welding
Joining metal by means of high current at low voltage. During the passage of current,
pressure by the electrodes produces a forge weld
Electric arc welding
A fusion process in which the metal is heated together into a solid joint.
60%
As one example, the ASME code for riveted joints permits the design surface
compressive stress to be about ________ higher than the design tensile stress.
Relative strength
In a pressure vessel, the ratio of minimum strength of joint to the strength of solid joint is
known as
5
In a pressure vessel, the usual factor of safety may be taken as
Spot joint
Are resistance welds, usually round in the same form as the electrodes that press the
sheets together
Intermittent weld
Consists of short lengths (2 to 3 inches long) of welds with space between as 6 inches
on centers.
Tack weld
An intermittent weld, lightly done to hold the members in position for assembly purposes
or for principal welding
Gas welding
A welding operation that uses hot flame and metal rod is known as
Submerged arc welding
The arc is covered with a welding composition and bare electrode wire is fed
automatically
=d3/4
Treating the weld as a line, the amount or inertia about center of gravity of a circular
weld or diameter d would b
Electro slag welding
For butt welding of two plates each of which is 25 mm thick, the best process would be
3 mm
What should be the maximum size of the fillet weld?
6 mm
The maximum size of the fillet weld that can be made in single pass is
Butt joint
Which diamond riveted joint can be adopted?
Connecting load pipes by soldering alloy
Wiping is the process of
Laser welding
A collimated light beam is used for producing heat in
A fine spray of metal
During MIG welding the metal is transferred in the form of
square root of t
If "t" is the thickness of sheet to be spot welded then electrode tip diameter is equal to
Welding defect
Weld spatter refers to
Aluminum and Magnesium
Which of the following metals can be suitably welded by TIG welding
Welding stainless steel
Arc blow takes place in
Control of pressure and current
Unlike materials or materials of different thickness can be butt welded by
Stainless steel
The phenomenon of weld decay takes place in
electronic industry
Laser welding is widely used in
4 mm
Up to what thickness of plate, edger preparation for welding is not needed?
Arc
Grey cast iron is best welded by
After the weld cools
In resistance welding, the pressure is release
None of the above
Half corner weld is used
Multi spot welding process
Projection welding is
Excess of acetylene
Reducing flame is obtained in oxyacetylene welding with
Neutral flame
Brasses and bronzes are welded using
Increase the cooling rate
One of the following function is not performed by coating on the welding electrodes is to
MIG welding
Welding defect called arc blow occurs in
Increase fluidity of solder material
The purpose of using flux in soldering is to
Spot welding
The parts are lapped and held in place under pressure
Flush welding
The parts are brought together lightly with current flowing and then separated slightly
Steam welding
Which of the following produced a series of spot welds made by circular or wheel type
electrodes?
45/55% tin and lead
The soldering material commonly applied for automobile radiator cores and roofing
seams.
Acid fluxes
The flux that should be provided in soldering electrical connection or commutator wires
as its tends to corrode the connectors called
Stronger than
A brazed joint is ___ soldered joint.
Hard Solder and More Heat
Brazing requires
It has a low melting point and it is cheap
What is the reason why lead is used in solders?
Stronger the solder joint
The higher the melting pint of the solder, the
More heat
Special solders used for aluminum usually require
Borax
The flux usually used for hard solder is
350F
Soft solder melts at approximately
Tin and lead
Soft solder is made of
Hydrochloric acid
Prepared soldered paste flux is most popular but if you did not have any, you could use
_____ as substitute
Copper and zinc
Hard solder is made of
Dirt on it, Grease on it, Oxidation on it
Soldered will not unite with a metal surface that has
Remaining acid form eating the metal
If muriatic acid is used as a flux, the soldered area must be cleaned thoroughly
afterwards to prevent
Tinning two surfaces, applying flux them, holding the two together and heating
Sweating is the process of
Acid cleaning the surfaces, Filing the surfaces, Scraping the surfaces
A surface to be soldered should be prepared by
The surfaces to be soldered must be clean
One of the most important factors that is often overlooked when soldering is the fact that
Remove and prevent oxidation of the metals
When soldering, flux is used for
Joining two metals by a third soft metal that is applied in a molten state
Soldering is the process of
Two non-ferrous metal
Brazing is used for joining
Zinc chloride
What isthe most commonly used flux for brazing?
Projection
Multi spot welding process is also referred as _____welding
1965 C
The maximum temperature developed for oxy-hydrogen welding is
3440 C
The maximum temperature developed for oxy-acetylene welding is
Thermit welding
A mixture of aluminum powder and a metal oxide powder is ignited by a special powder
in a crucible.
Atomic hydrogen welding
A welding where an arc is struck between two tungsten electrodes into which a jet of
hydrogen is directed
1.2(squareroot of r) to 1.4(squareroot of r)
A common rule is to make the rivet hole diameter from ________ for rivets in single or
double shear.
Thermit welding
Fusion welding is the name frequently given to processes not requiring pressure. It is
sometimes called
Efficiency of the jont
The ratio of the load that will produce the allowable stress in any part of the joint to the
load that will produce the allowable tension stress in the unpunched plate.
1.2 (squareroot of r)
Thicker plates usually require excessive rivet sizes and for practical reasons the rivet
diameter is made approximately
Welding
The process of joining metals by means by heating to a temperature above the
recrystallization temperature or to fusion with or without the application or pressure
Soldering
The process of bonding two or more pieces of metal together by means of another
metal whose melting point is below 800⁰F
Brazing
The process of joining metal parts by means of a non ferrous fitter or alloy that melts at
a temperature above 800⁰F.
Resistance welding
The process of joining metals in which the two parts are joined by heating them
electrically to a temperature above the recrystallization temperature.
Arc welding
A fusion welding process in which the welding heat is obtained from an electric arc set
up either between the base metal and one electrode or between to electrodes.
Weldability
Refers to the capacity of a metal to be joined by welding in a satisfactory manner.
Flame plating
A surfacing method of blasting particles of tungsten carbide onto the surface of a piece
of metal.
90%
For fusion welding, efficiency shall be taken as equal to
671.55 N/mm2
When the tensile strength of steel shell plates is not known it shall be taken as
6. 36 mm
Minimum thickness for boiler plate shall be
262 N/mm2
The strength of iron rivets in single shear
303 N/mm2
The strength of steel rivets in single shear
5
When the longitudinal seams are of lap riveted construction the minimum factor of
safety is
1.0 bar
. The maximum allowable working pressure of a non-code steel or wrought iron heating
boiler of welded construction shall not exceed.
1.5d
The ASME Boiler Code requires that the edge distance must be not less than
Projection welding
A method of resistance welding in which the heating and the pressure are localized at
specified points by providing embossed or coined projections on the pieces to be joined.
Tack weld
An intermittent weld, lightly done to hold the members in position for assembly purposes
or for the principal welding.
An intermittent weld, lightly done to hold the members in position for assembly purposes
or for the principal welding.
Gas welding
What type of welding that the hot flame and a metal rod are used?
Butt welding, Upset welding
It used for joining members of approximately equal in cross-section
420⁰F
The melting point of the filler material in brazing is approximately or above.
0.0010
The rule of thumb in journal bearing design, the clearance ratio/clearance should be
Offset bearing
Also called eccentrically loaded bearing
Full bearing
Wahta type of bearing which totally encloses the shaft?
Adhesion
All are functions of lubricating oil except
Grease
It is considered semi-solid lubricant
Babbit
Metal that assists lubrication or lubricant in itself
Low carbon steel
Which of the following materials is unsuitable as a bearing?
The lube oil is supplied under pressure
Aerostatic bearing is one in which
Full bearing
At the same thermal and minimum film, thickness limitation as sleeve
Lubrication
The desired between two surfaces having relatively sliding motion is known
Bearing and journal
What bearing composed of two principal parts, namely the
Centrally loaded
When the line of action of the load bisects the arc of partial bearing it is said to be:
Radial clearance
It is the difference in the radii of the bearing and the journal
Fitted bearing
It is one in which the radii of the journal and the bearing are the same
Line of centers
. The line that passes through centers of the bearing and the journal is called the
1
Length-diameter ration was a good compromise for the general case of hydrodynamic
bearings. It is approximately equal to
140 F to 160 F
Operating temperature of oil film ranges _____________ or less
200F
At higher temperature, the oil oxidizes more rapidly above
The greater the load capacity of the bearing
A conclusion repeatedly verified by experiments is _____ that the smoother the surface.
Conformability, Embeddability, Compatibility
Which of the following is considered an advantage for bearing materials?
50<Vm>200 fpm
For thrust bearing the speed at moderate operating conditions is
Light
The 200 series bearing is called
Medium
The 300 series bearing is called
Deep-groove ball bearing
A type of roller bearing in which the balls are assembled by the eccentric displacement
of the inner ring.
Shallow-groove ball bearing
Which of the following is not a type of ball bearing?
Cold headling
teel ball for ball bearing are manufactured by
The oil film pressure is generated only by the rotation of the journal
In hydrodynamic bearings
ZN/P
If P = bearing pressure on projected bearing area, Z= absolute viscosity of lubricant,
and N = speed of journal, then the bearing characteristic number is given by
Inversely as cube of load
The rated life of a bearing changes
Do not need external supply of lubricant
In oiless bearing
Towards left side of bearing and making metal to metal contact
A shaft rotating in anticlockwise direction at slow speed inside a bearing will be
Bearing
A machine part that supports another part, which rotates, slides or oscillateds in or on it
Journal
The part of a shaft or crank which is supported by and turns in bearing.
Rolling bearing
It is also called anti-friction bearing.
Babbitt, Bronze, Plastics
Which of the following is a bearing material?
Radial load
It acts toward the center of the bearing along a radius.
Ball bearing
Conrad bearing is also known as
Sommerfeld Number
The combined effect of many of the variables involved in the operation of a bearing
under hydrodynamic lubrication can be characterized by the dimensionless number
called:
Guide bearing
It exits primarily to guide the motion of a machine member without specific regard to the
direction of load application.
Thrust bearing
It carries a load collinear to the axis of possible rotation of the supported member.
Heavy
The 400 series bearing is called:
Projected area
The product of length and diameter of the bearing is called:
Square bearing
If the length over diameter of the bearing is unity, it is also known as
Long bearings
A bearing in which the length ratio Length/diameter is greater than 1.
Bearing modulus
The product of absolute viscosity and rotational speed divided by the unit loading.
...
From the line of radial loading on the bearing to the position of the minimum oil-film
thickness.
Eccentricity
The radial distance between the center of the bearing and the displaced center of the
journal is called.
Molybdenum disulfide, Graphite, Tungsten disulfide
Which of the following is an example of solid lubricant?
0.25 to 1.0
The length ratio L/D typically varies between
300°F
The operating temperature of the Babbitt is limited to
Flywheel
A heavy rotating body which serves as a reservoir for absorbing and redistributing
kinetic energy.
Measure the thickness
Which of the following is not a use of spring?
Spring index
The ratio of mean diameter of coil to the coil diameter
Solid length
The overall length of the spring when it is compressed until all adjacent coils touched.
Free length
The length of coil sprig under no load.
5%
In general, steel spring are made of relatively high carbon steel usually
500F
When heat treated wire is coiled cold, it should be stress relieved for bending stresses
after cooling by being heated at some at what temperature?
Hard drawn wire spring
A low cost spring material, suitable where service is not severe and dimensional
precision is not needed.
Music wire
A hard drawn also 80% reduction but it is made of high-grade steel
Chromium-silicon
A spring wire with good quality for impact loads at moderately high temperature
Garter spring
A type of coil where the helical coil is wrapped into a circle forming an annular ring
Motor spring
A type of spring where thin flat strip wound up on itself as a plane spiral, usually
anchored at the inside
Beleville spring
A type of spring made in the form of dished washer
Economy
In laminated spring the strips are provided in different lengths for
Spring
An elastic stored energy machine element that when released, will recover its basic
form
Unity
When a spring is made of ductile material, the curvature factor would be
Free length
The solid length plus the clearance plus the maximum deflection.
0.60 to 0.70%
The majority of coils springs are made of coil tempered carbon steel wire containing
______________ carbon.
10 to 15%
Experimental results indicate that the actual frequency of the spring is from
20
According to W.M. Griffirth, the critical frequency of the spring should behold at least
________ times the frequency of application of a periodic load.
n+2
The actual number of coil is _________ in a squared and ground ends.
(n+3)d
The solid length of squared ends is
The free length of ground ends is
The free length of ground ends is
operating length
the shortest length for the spring during normal operation
spring rate
the relationship between the force exerted by a spring and its deflection is called
Spring index
The ration of the mean diameter of the spring to the wire diameter is called
Pitch
Refers to the axial distance from a point on one coil to the corresponding point on the
next adjacent coil.
8 to 10
The spring index for general industrial uses should be
5
What is the spring index of valve and clutch?
Coil clearance
Refers to the space between adjacent coils when the spring is compressed to its
operating length
12
The most practical spring designs produce a pitch angle is less than
Valve spring
Engine valves get shut by means of
AISI 4063
Which of the following materials is used for leaf and coil spring?
Active length
The circumference of a coil spring times the effective number of coils is called
1.5
For spring subjected to light service, the factor of safety __________ is suggested
Laminated spring
Refers to a flat or curved made of thin superimposed plates and formin a cantilever or
beam of uniform strength.
Absorb shocks because of road unevenness
Cross wire grooves are types which
Elongation
The _____ of parallel connection of spring is always constant
Front wheel
Speedometer drive is generally taken from
Flywheel
The device for smoothing out the power impulses from the engine is known as
1.25D to 2.4D
Typical hub length falls between
0.05 to 0.10
The recommended coefficient of fluctuation of flywheels for punching, shearing, and
pressing machine is
Flywheel
Attached to the rear end of the crankshaft is the
Balance wheel
Flywheel is also known as
Kinetic energy
What energy is stored in flywheels?
All of the above
What is the function of the flywheel?
30
In many flywheel designs, about how many percent of the weight is concentrated in the
hub and arms
Flywheel
A large rotary machine part whose function is to store energy and to produce uniform
angular velocity of the shaft or reciprocating engine.
Flywheel
A massive wheel, which by its inertia assists in securing uniform motion of machinery by
resisting sudden changes of speed.
Complete the unusual stroke
The function of a flywheel is to
Clutch
A shaft that is used to connect or disconnect at will is called:
Normal Force
The frictional forces depend on coefficient of friction and:
Brakes
Friction devices used to regulate the motion of bodies and with clutches
75% up
The part of the total frictional energy that is stored in the brake parts, principally in the
drum or disk has been estimated at __________.
Pressure plate
The part of an automobile disc clutch that presses against the flywheel is referred to as:
Braking torque
The brake capacity to absorb energy is known as:
Band brake
If the band warps partly around the brake wheel or drum and brake action is obtained by
pulling the band tight onto the wheel. This type of brake is known as:
The brake lining operating at temperature _____, sintered mixtures containing ceramics
are used:
750 F to 1000 F
Hydrodynamic brake is the major type of:
Fluid brake
Mechanical brake
Type of brakes that are capable of stopping the motion of a machine member as well as
retarding its motion
Band brake
It is considered as the simplest type of mechanical brake.
Clutches
The friction devices used to connect shafts:
Multiple disc clutch
A clutch that has a disadvantage of heavier rotary masses.
Cannot be lubricated
The overrunning clutch
Transmits cranking force to the engine flywheel. Is one way clutch. Prevents the engine
flywheel from driving the starting motor.
The overrunning clutch:
Transmission system
Clutch gear box, differential etc. are the parts of:
Single plate clutch
In motor vehicles, it is very common practice to use a:
Clutch bearing
The clutch finger is pushed by
Clutch plate
A hydraulic clutch doesn't incorporate a:
Can be changed
The lining of a brake shoe:
Ineffective
Due to air effect, the hydraulic brakes become:
About 90 percent
The efficiency of hydraulic braking system is:
12.5
The SAE recommends an angle of ________ for cone clutches faced with leather or
asbestos or having cork inserts:
Clutch release bearings is either dry or defective. Clutch spring is broken. Clutch is
faulty
Why does a clutch create noise?
Brakes do not work properly. Brakes do not disengage. Brake make noise.
What faults develop in the brakes?
Shoe rivets
Which of the following types of brakes are also changed while replacing brake lining?
Less
Power brakes require ______ power:
Brake oil
That type of oil is used in the hydraulic brake system?
Wheel cylinder
The principal parts of a hydraulic brake system are the master cylinder and the:
Cam
In the mechanical brake system, the main function is of:
Hand brake
In motor vehicles, there is a __________ in addition of foot brake.
Shock absorbers
Which of the following is also used in the suspension system?
More than one
There are ______ plates in a multiplate clutch
Costly
Hydraulic clutches are used in _______ vehicles.
Gear box propeller shaft
Which of the following is mounted inside the clutch?
Band clutch
Which clutch is suitable for mine hoists and other services where heavy loads are
accompanied by severe shock?
Slip clutch
It is used to protect a machine in case of jamming and for overload protection of motors
and engine
Band brakes
Refers to the simplest type of brakes.
120
The practical length of shoe is limited to about:
Greater than 60 deg
If the angle of contact is ______, the pressure between the brakes shoe and the drum
cannot be considered uniform:
Brakes
It is used to stop the motion of a moving object.
Fade
The effectiveness of the brake may greatly decrease shortly after it begins to act
continuously, a phenomenon called:
Servo brake
Type of brake under the category of power brake is known as:
Overrunning clutches
Clutches which are designed to transmit torque for one direction of rotation of the driver
and then freewheel or transmit essentially no torque when the direction of the driver
rotation is reversed.
Back plate being loose or bent. Brake shoe being loose or bent. Brake drum could be
defective
The reason for noise at the time of engaging brake:
Brake winding
When the vehicle runs brake drum becomes hot because of friction of the shoe. This
fault is known as _______
Economical
The maintenance of mechanical brake is:
Slip of the clutch. Clutch does not disengage properly. Clutch creates noise
What is the most common defect of clutch?
Riding on clutch
The act keeping some pressure on the clutch pedal at the time of driving is known as:
Clutch slips quickly. It occupies more space. Adjustment has to be done early
Which of the following shortcoming in the cone clutch because of which the clutch is not
used?
27
It is ideal for maximum quietness in sprocket drive operation to choose _____ or more
teeth.
18 to 24
It is recommended for high speed application that the minimum number of teeth in small
sprocket should be:
80
Consider a maximum safe center distance of should be _____ pitches. Very long center
distance caused catenaries tension in the chain
Petroleum Oil
The recommended lubricant for the chain drive operation is:
Oak Tanned
Type of leather belt being applied with waterproof cement is called:
None of these
What type of leather belting should be used at an ambient temperature
above 149 deg F and possible acid liquid coming in contact with the belt?
8 times
It is recommended not to have a direct drive and drive sprockets if the raio of their teeth
exceeds _______ use two or more combination
6000
Flat leather belting not recommended for use in a speed in excess of ________ fpm
4500 fpm
Flat leather belting not recommended for use in a speed in excess of ________ fpm
15 to 20
It is advised that in rubber belts application mounting, it should have an initial tesion of
_______
50
In shear pin or breaking pin design, we may use the date experience by Link-Belt for 1/8
inch pins and the breaking stress is __________ ksi.
Type B belts
A type of V-belts to use in a driving pulley with a speed of 260 rpm and transmitting 5 hp
Loose load. Heavy Belt. Driving pulley too small
Belt slip may take place because of:
4.0 hp
A single ply leather belt running at a belt velocity of 300ft/min is likely to transmit ____
per inch of width
0.035 lb/in3
What is the density of a leather belt?
0.045 lb/in3
What is the density of flat belt rubber material?
6 ksi
The breaking strength of oak tanned belting varies from 3 to more than
88%
If the ends are joined by wire lacing with machine, the usual efficiency of joint is:
2500 fpm
The tension in the belt due to centrifugal force increases rapidly above
4000 to 4500 fpm
Experience suggests that the most economical designs are obtained for a belt speed of:
7000 to 8000 fpm
For leather belts, recommended speed is:
2000 and more fpm
For fabric belts, recommended speed is:
110 deg
In high speed, centrifugal blowers, it has been observed that the arc of contact reduced
from 180 deg at rest to _______ in motion
71 lb/in of width
The recommended initial tension of belt is:
13.75 lb/ply per inch of width
The recommended net belt pill for rubber belt is:
2
If two intersecting shafts are to be belt connected, how many guide pulley/s is used?
Quarter turn
Two shafts at right angles to each other may be connected by the _____ arrangement
Flat belt
It offers long life, high efficiency and low cost and low maintenance
Belt
It is used to connect pulleys to convey materials by transmitting motion and power
8
A crossed belt wider than ______ inches should be avoided
50%
If the pulley ratio is 3:1 or more, the reduction should be:
It can be used with highspeed drives. It can be used in dusty and abrasive
environments. It allows long distances
The advantage of flat belt is that:
4000 psi
The best leather has an ultimate strength of about
200 to 240 psi
Initialtensions should range from ___ for leather belts and 10 to 12 lb/ply per inch of
width for rubber belts
0.42 lb/in3
The density of a balata belt is:
8 in.
In the selection of the proper belt, it is not considered good practice to use single-ply
leather belts more than ____ wide
13.75 lb/ply per inch of width
According to the Goodrich company, the permissible net belt pull is ____ that it gives a
simple means for quick estimation
Bush roller
Which type of chain is used in motorcycle?
12
The minimum number of teeth on the smaller sprocket for low speeds is:
17
The minimum number of teeth on the smaller sprocket for moderate speeds is:
21
The minimum number of teeth on the smaller sprocket for high speeds is:
27
For maximum quietness, use sprockets with _____ or more teeth
30 to 50
For the average application a center distance equivalent to ____ pitches of chain
represents good practice.
3
The tension ratio of flat belt is:
5
The tension ratio of V-belt is:
25%
Balata belt is about _____ stronger than rubber
0.3
The coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley for leather belt running on
steel pulley is:
75%
The capacity of a crossed belt should be reduced to _____ that of an open belt
10
What is the usual factor of safety used with leather belts?
165
In practice, it is found that arcs less than ______ required high belt tensions.
2 in
The minimum recommended worm pitch diameter is ¼ in and the maximum is:
Bevel
Vertex distance is a term used in ____ gearing
Contact ratio
The arc of action to circular pitch or length of action to base pitch
40-50
Recommended hardness of pinion for helical/herringbone gear tooth should be _____
BHN point to sustain life:
98% or more
In designing gears of power transmission, consider and efficiency of _____ as
recommended.
Bottom land
The surface of the gear between the fillets of adjacent teeth is called:
Bronze. Brass. Duralumin
Bevel gears subjected to corrosion and lightly loaded are usually made of:
Pitting
If a set of spur gears are made installed and lubricated properly, they normally may be
subjected to failures like:
Piston of an engine
Which of the following is an example of rectilinear translation?
Bronze rim with cast steel spider
For economical cost in the manufacturing large worm gears, the following materials are
usually applied:
Idler
Intermediate gear is also called ____ gear in a gear train engagement.
Lead
The distance of a helical gear or worm would thread along its axis in one revolution if it
were to move axially is called:
15- 25
Range of helix angle on helical gear is _________.
Jamming. Overheating. Overload
What will be the effect in bushing gears without backlash?
Backlash
The amount by which the width of a tooth space exceeds the thickness of the engaging
tooth on the pitch circles
Addendum
Height of tooth above pitch circle or radial distance between pitch circles and top land of
the tooth is called:
Angle of obliquity
In involutes teeth, the pressure angle is often defined as the angle between
the line of action and the line of tangent to pitch circle. It is termed as:
Module
The reciprocal of a diametrical pitch or the ratio of pitch diameter to number of teeth is
called:
Hunting tooth addition
For evenly distributed and uniform wear on each meshing gear tooth, the ideal design
practice is to consider a:
Worm gear
It is used to transmit power at high velocity ratios between non-intersecting shafts that
are usually but not necessarily at right angle.
English Module
In gear design, the ratio of pitch diameter, in inches to the number of teeth is called:
Fillet curve
The concave portion of tooth profile where it joints the bottom of the tooth filler curve is
called:
Whole depth
The distance of the tooth, which is equal to the sum of the addendum and dedendum is
known as:
Rack Gear
It is used to change rotary motion to reciprocating motion.
Chordal Thickness
Tooth width measure along the chord at the pitch circle is known as:
Clearance
_______ is the difference of addendum and dedendum, which is equivalent to the whole
depth less working depth.
1.25-4.00
For moderate speed of mating gears, the ideal ratio contact is:
Lead
The distance a helical gear or worm would thread along its axis in one revolution if it
free to move axially is called:
Bevel Gear
Hyphoid gear is a special type of gear like:
Helical
What type of gear is used for highspeed operation?
Pitch Plane
In a pair of gears, _____ is the plane perpendicular to the axial plane and tangent to the
pitch surface.
Bevel Gear
What type of gear, which can transmit power at a certain angle?
Herringbone Gear
_______ commonly used in a parallel shaft transmission especially when a smooth
continuous action is essential as in high speed drives up to 12,000 fpm.
340- 350 normal
The hardness of helical and herringbone gear teeth after heat treatment is 210 to 300
Brinell Hardness, for gear and pinion is at:
Line of Action
The path of contact involute gears where the force/power is actually transmitted, it is a
straight imaginary line passing through the pitch point and tangent to the base circle is
known as
Base Helix Angle
_______ is the angle at the base cylinder of an involute gear that the tooth maxes with
the gear axis
Reduce concentration of stress and extend life of the parts
Fillet radius in machine parts is usually introduced to:
Internal Gear
A type of gear tooth cut inside a cylinder or ring is termed as:
Circle Thickness
The length of arc between the two sides of a gear tooth on the pitch circle.
Bronze Rim with Cast Iron Spider
Which of the following materials to be utilized to reduce cost in the manufacture of large
worm gears?
Dedendum Circle
A circle bounding the bottom of the teeth
Crown Gear
______ is one in which angle is 90 degrees that is the pitch cone has become a plane
Back Cone
A ______ formed by elements, which are perpendicular to the elements of the pitch
cone at the large end.
Miter Gear
A bevel gear of the same size mounted on a shaft at 90 degrees is called:
Friction Gearing
Gearing in which motion or power that is transmitted depends upon the friction between
the surfaces in contact
Spur Friction Wheels
Wheels are sometimes used for the transmission of high power when an approximately
constant velocity ratio is desired is called:
Evans Friction Cones
The frustums of two cones used in a manner to permit a variation of velocity ratio
between two parallel shafts are called:
Cycloidal Gears
If gears cannot, parallel shafts, they are called:
Bevel Gears
______ is used to transmit power between shafts axis of which it intersect
Width
The space between the adjacent teeth is called:
Chordal Thickness
Tooth width measurement along the chord at the pitch circle
Have a line contact between the teeth
Herringbone gears are gears which:
Tooth outlines are usually involute curves
In usual spur gearing, the:
Bevel Gear
_____ is a kind of gear used to transmit motion from one shaft to another shaft at angle
to the first
Root Circle
A circle coinciding with a tangent to the bottom of the tooth spaces
Pitch Circle
A circle the radius of which is equal to the distance from the gear axis to the pitch point
Module
Ratio of pitch diameter to the number of teeth
Worm Gear
A kind of gear used for duty works where a large ratio of speed is required and are
extensively used in speed reducer is known as:
Diametral Pitch
The ratio of the number of teeth to the number of mm of pitch diameter equals number
of gear teeth to each mm pitch diameter
Dedendum
The depth of tooth space below the pitch circle
Whole Depth
The total depth of a tooth space, equal to addendum plus Dedendum
Root circle
A circle coinciding with a tangent to the bottom of the tooth space
Internal diameter
The diameter of a circle coinciding with the top of the teeth of an internal gear
External gear
A gear with teeth on the outer cylindrical surface.
Epicycloid
Addendum of a cycloidal gear tooth
Gear Rack
When meshed with a gear, it is used to change rotary motion to reciprocating motion is:
Dedendum
The portion of a gear tooth space that is cut below the pitch circle and is equal to the
addendum plus the clearance
Addendum
The portion of a gear tooth that projects above or outside the pitch circle
Circular Pitch
The distance from the center of one tooth of a gear to the center next consecutive tooth
measured on the pitch.
Diametral Pitch
The number of teeth per inch of pitch diameter and which gives some indications of the
size of the gear teeth
Pitch Circle
An imaginary circle passing through the points at which the teeth of the meshing gears
contact each other.
67.5 degrees
If the lead angle of a worm is 22.5 degrees then the helix angle will be ______
Pinion
Refers to the smallest wheel of a gear train
Small power
Spiral Gears are suitable for transmitting:
Zero axial thrust is experienced in:
Zero axial thrust is experienced in:
None of these
Bevel gears are used to transmit rotary motion between two shafts whose axes are:
None of these
According to the law of gearing:
Stamping
Gears for watches are generally manufactured by:
One module
In case of gears, the addendum is given by
Non-parallel/non-intersecting
In case of cross helical worm, the axes of two shafts are:
The part of the tooth surface lying below the pitch surface
In case of spur gears, the flank of the tooth is:
The first and last gear are essentially on separate but parallel shafts
A reverted gear train is one in which:
1.25 to 1.40
For best running conditions of a gear, the contact ratio should be about:
20
The _____ full depth teeth have the advantages of the greater capacity and less
interference trouble.
Tangential load
_______ is the average tangential force on the teeth is then obtained from the
horsepower
1
The service factor of a gear may be taken as ____ _is an electric motor drives a
centrifugal blower
Pitting
The kind of a wear occurs because of a fatigue failure of the surfaces material as a
result of high contact stresses is known as:
Abrasion
______ is caused by foreign matter such as grit or metal particles or by a failure of the
oil film at low speed
Scoring
_______ occurs when the oil film fails but in this case, the load and speed are so high
that the surface metal is melted and the metal is melted and the metal is smeared down
the profile.
Spalling
_______ is a surface fatigue of greater extent than pitting that is the flakes are much
larger. This type of failure occurs in surface-hardened teeth
400
Buckingham says that mating phenolic gears with steel of BHN less than ____ leads to
excessive abrasive wear
Hunting tooth
____ is the extra tooth in gear, which is used to distribute the wear more evenly.
Less than
The length of the hub should not be made ____ the face width of the gear.
Annular gear
_____ is a gear that has teeth cut on the inside of the rim instead of on the outside
12 teeth
To estimate fouling, let the minimum differences in tooth numbers between the internal
gear and pinion be _____ for 14.5 deg involute depth
2%
The loss pair of spur, helical or bevel gears in an ordinary train should not exceed:
15 deg to 25 deg
The typical helix angle ranges from _____ to _____
Face contact ratio
_____ is the advance of the tooth in the face width divided by circular pitch.
Normal circular pitch
The distance between the teeth measured on the pitch surface along a normal to the
helix
210 and 300 Brinell
The hardness of a helical and herringbone teeth cut after heat treatment will generally
fall between the limits of ______.
Crossed helical gear
Helical gears mounted on nonparallel shafts are called _____
Bevel gear
_____ is used to connect intersecting shafts, usually but not necessarily at 90 degrees
Pitch cone
Bevel gear teeth are built with respect to a ____ rather than to a pitch cylinder as ion
spur gears.
Cone center
It refers to the length of pitch cone in a bevel gear
Face cone
Refers to the cone that is performed by the elements of top lands
Root cone
The cone formed by the elements of bottom lands
Back cone
An imaginary cone whose elements are perpendicular to the pitch cone elements at the
large end of the tooth.
Straight bevel gear
_____ is one whose tooth profiles consists of straight elements that converge to a point
at the cone center.
Quietness. Durability. Strength
The desired quality in gear is
900 rpm
Straight and zerol bevel gears should not be sued when the pitch line velocity is greater
than:
1000 fpm
The spiral bevel gears are recommended when the pitch line speed exceeds:
Ground after hardening
When the pitch line speed is above 800 fpm the teeth should be:
Zerol bevel gears
______ have curved teeth as in spiral bevels, but with zero angle.
Spiral bevel gear
______ is a gear that has an advantage of smoother tooth engagement quietness of
operation greater and higher permissible speeds.
Miter gear
When the pair of bevel gears of the same size is on shafts intersecting at right angle,
they are called _____
More torque
The use of gearbox provides:
None of these
For equalizing the rotation of two gears, a gearbox employs"
Joined to their couple
In a constant mesh gearbox, all the speed gears remain:
Will rotate reverse direction
If a big gear is moved by a small gear then the big gear
Angular gears
______ are bevel gears mounted on intersecting shafts at angle other than 90 degrees.
Crown gear
The pitch angle is 90 degrees that is, the pitch has become a plane
Worm gear
____ is used to transmit power between non-intersecting shafts, nearly always at right
angle to each other
Shell and integral
What are the two types of construction for the worm?
20 degrees
The standard pressure angle for fine pitch gears is ______ gears and is recommended
for most applications
1.0
The contact ratio of a pair of mating spur gears must be well over ____ to insure a
smooth transfer of load from one pair of teeth to the next pair.
1:4
As general rule contact ratio should not be less than:
32
Surface roughness on active profile surfaces on gear is about ____ pitch
A tensile fatigue
Tooth breakage on gear is usually:
American Gear Manufacturer Association
AGMA means:
Toughing
Which of the following does not belong to the group?
7000fpm
Well proportion commercial gears with a pitch line velocity of less than _____ will
normally not score if they have a reasonably good surface finish and are properly
lubricated.
10%
Experimental data from actual gear unit measurements are seldom repeatable within a
plus or minus ______ band
Applied load
Pitting is a function of the Hertzian contact stresses between two cylinders and is
proportioned to the square root of the ______.
Resonance
When an excitation frequency coincides with a natural frequency, this is known to be:
1.5 to 2 psi
The average tooth stiffness constant of face is usually:
Hunting
When the number of teeth in a pair of meshing gears are such that they do not have a
common divisor.
12
For internal gears having a 20 degree pressure angle and full depth teeth, the difference
between the number of teeth in a gear and pinion should not be less than ______.
17 teeth
Zerol bevel gears angle should have a pinion either not less than:
Gears
_______ are machine elements that transmit motion by means of successively
engaging teeth.
Arc of action
Arc of the pitch circle through which a tooth travels from the first point and contact with
the mating tooth to the pitch point is called:
Addendum
Height of tooth above pitch circle or the distance between the pitch circle and the top of
the tooth is called:
Addendum circle
The circle that bounds the outer ends of the teeth.
Angle of action
The angle through which the gear turns from the time a given pair of teeth are in contact
at the pitch point until they pass out the mesh
Angle of action
The angle through which the gear turns from the time a particular pair of teeth comes
into in contact until they go out the contact.
Angle of approach
The angle through which the gear tirns from the time a particular pair of teeth come into
in contact until they are in contact at the pitch point
Arc of approach
Arc of the circle through which a tooth travels from the point of contact with the mating
tooth to the pitch point is called:
Approach ratio
The ratio of the arc of approach to the arc of action
Axial plane
In a pair of gear, it is the plane that contains two axes in a simple gear; it may be any
plane containing the axes and the given point.
Arc of recess
Arc of the pitch circle which a tooth travels from its contact with the mating tooth at the
pitch point to the point where the contact ceases is called:
4.0 hp
A single ply leather belt running at a belt velocity of 300 ft/min is likely to transmit _____
per inch of width
Base circle
The _____ from which an involute tooth is generated or developed.
Base Helix angle
The angle at the base cylinder if an involute gear, that the tooth makes with the gear
axis.
Base pitch
In an involute gear, _____ is the pitch on the base circle or along the line of action.
Normal base pitch
The base pitch in the normal plane.
Axial base pitch
The base pitch in the axial plane.
Central plane
In a worm gear, _____ is a plane perpendicular to the gear axis and contains the
common perpendicular of the gear and the worm axis.
Chordal thickness
The length of the chord subtended by the circular arc is called:
Chordal addendum
The height from the top of the tooth to the chord subtending the circular thickness arc.
Circular pitch
The length of the arc of the pitch circle between the centers or other corresponding
points of the adjacent teeth.
Contact diameter
The smallest diameter on a gear tooth with which the mating gear makes contact.
Contact stress
The maximum compressive stress within the contact area between mating gear tooth
profiles is called:
Cycloid
The curve formed by the path of a point on a circle as it rolls a straight line.
Normal circular pitch
The circular pitch in the normal plane
Circular thickness
The strength of the arc between the two sides of a gear tooth on the pitch circles unless
otherwise specified.
Clearance
The amount by which the dedendum exceeds the addendum of the mating tooth.
Central diameter
The smallest diameter on a gear tooth with which the mating gear makes:
Contact ratio
The ratio of the arc of action to the circular pitch is known as:
Conjugate curve
The curve that satisfy the law of gearing.
Dedendum
The depth of tooth space below the pitch circle or the radial dimension between the
pitch circle and the bottom of the tooth space.
Dedendum circle
The circle that bounds the bottom of the teeth.
Diametral pitch
The ratio of the number of teeth to the number of millimeters of pitch diameter.
Normal diametral pitch
The diametral pitch circulated in the normal plane and is equal to the pitch dived by the
cosine of the helix angle
Effective face width
That portion of the face width that actually comes into contact with mating teeth, as
occasionally one member of a pair of gears may have a greater face width than the
other is called:
Efficiency
The actual torque of a gear set divided
Epicycloid
When it rolls along the outer side another circle, is called:
External gear
A gear with teeth on the outer cylindrical surface.
Face of tooth
That surface of the tooth, which is between the pitch circles to the top of the tooth is
known as _____.
Face width
The length of the teeth in axial plane.
Face
The surface of the tooth between the pitch cylinder and the addendum cylinder.
Fillet curve
The concave portion of the tooth profile where it joins the bottom of the toot space.
Fillet stress
The maximum tensile stress in the gear tooth fillet.
Flank of tooth
That surface which is between the pitch circle and the bottom land is called:
Flank
The surface of the tooth between the pitch and root cylinders.
Gear ratio
The number of teeth in the gear divided by the number of teeth in the opinion.
Helix angle
The helical angle that a helical gear tooth makes the gear axis.
Hypocycloid
When it rolls along the inner side of another circle, it is called:
Internal diameter
The diameter of a circle coinciding with the top of the teeth on an internal gear.
Internal gear
A gear with teeth on the inner cylindrical surface.
Involute
The curve formed by the path of a point on a straight line called their generatrix, as it
rolls along a convex base curve.
Top land
The top surface of the tooth.
Bottom land
The surface of the gear between the fillets of adjacent teeth.
Lead
The distance of a helical gear or worm would thread along its axis one revolution of it
was free to move axially.
Line of action
The path of contact in involute gears, it is straight line passing through the pitch point
and the tangent to the base circles.
Length of action
The distance on involute line of action through which the point of contact moves during
the action of the tooth profile.
Module
The ratio of pitch diameter in millimeters to the number of teeth.
Normal plane
A plane normal to the tooth surfaces acts a point of contact and perpendicular to the
pitch plane.
Pitch
The distance between similar equally spaced tooth surfaces in a given direction and
along a given curve or line.
Pitch angle
The angle subtended by the arc on the pitch equal in the length to the circular pitch.
Pitch point
Of meshing gears, _____ is the point of tangency to the pitch circle.
Pitch plane
In a pair of gears, it is the plane perpendicular to the axial plane and tangent to the axial
plane and tangent to the pitch surfaces.
2.5 Pc < b < 4 Pc
One of the causes of spur gear tooth breakage is the unbalanced load on one end of
breakage is the unbalanced load on one end of the tooth that results in the higher stress
than when the load is evenly distributed. To minimize this problem, the face width "b"
should not be greater that the thickness of the tooth. In the absence of test values, the
following can be guide.
Plane of rotation
Any perpendicular to a gear axis is called
Pressure angle
The angle between the tooth profile and radial line at its pitch point. Involute teeth the
angle between the line of action and line tangent to the pitch circle.
Working depth
The radial distance from the addendum circle to the working depth circle.
Whole depth
The total depth of a tooth space equal to addendum plus dedendum also equal to
working depth plus clearance.
Under cut
It is a condition in generated gear teeth when any part of the fillet curve lies inside of a
line drawn to the working profile as the lowest point.
Trochoid
The curve formed by the path of a point on the extension of the radius of a circle as it
rolls along the curve or line.
Transverse plane
A plane perpendicular to the axis plane and to the pitch plane.
Total face width
The total width dimensions of a gear blank to the pitch plane.
Tooth space
The space between the teeth measured along the pitch circle.
Tooth thickness
The width of tooth measured along the pitch circle.
Tip relief
An arbitrary modification of a tooth profile whereby a small amount of material is
removed near the tip of the gear tooth.
Tangent plane
A plane tangent to the surfaces at a point or line of contact.
Root circle
A circle coinciding with or tangent to the bottoms of the tooth spaces.
Roll angle
The angle subtended at the center of the base circle from teeth origin of an involute to
the point of tangency of the generation from any point of the same involute.
Rack
_____ gear with teeth spaced along a straight and suitable for straight line motion.
Principal reference plane
The pitch plane, axial plane and transverse plane, all intersect at a point and mutually
perpendicular to the:
Gear shift
A device for engaging and disengaging gears.
6:1
For spur gear, the speed ratio is customary to limit the reduction of:
10:1
For helical and herringbone gears, the speed ratio is limited to:
Spur gears
They are cylindrical in form operate on parallel axes and have straight teeth parallel to
the axis.
3
The design stress based upon the ultimate strength of the material with a factor of
safety of about _____.
One-third
Safe working stresses for common gear materials operating at very low velocities are
usually assumed to be _____ the ultimate strength.
2500 fpm
To avoid charring by the heat of friction, rawhide gears should not be operated of pitch
line velocities greater than _____
1.8 times
The outside diameter of the hubs of larger gears should be _____ the bore for steel.
2.0 times
The couple diameter of the hubs of larger gears should be _____ the bore for cast iron.
15 and 23
Helix angles of _____ degrees are preferred for single helical gears.
30 and 45
Helix angles of _____ degrees are preferred for double helical gears.
Rack
A _____ is a spur gear of infinite diameter.
One-half
It is standard practice to assume that the thickness of the tooth measured around the
pitch circle is exactly _____ of a circular pitch.
Scoring
It occurs under heavy loads and in adequate lubrication.
Twice
In order to get benefit helical-gear action the face width should be at least _____ the
axial pitch.
Throat diameter
The outside diameter of the worm gear measured on the central plane.
20 degrees
For worms mating with gears having 24 teeth or more the _____ pressure angle is
recommended.
Spiral bevel gears
The axes intersect and the teeth are curved and oblique is called:
Skew bevel gears
A type of gear of non-parallel and nonintersecting and the teeth are straight.
0.5 Dwo
For worm gears, Buckingham recommends face width.
Axial pitch
For worm gears, circular pitch is equal to:
1.75-2.00
The service factor of heavy shock, rolling mill and rock crushes.
Planerotation
Any plane perpendicular to a gear axis is called:
Root circle
The circle containing the bottoms of the tooth spaces is called:
Bottom land
The surface between the flanks of adjacent teeth.
1:1
The usual ratio of miter gear is:
Face angle
The angle between the element of the face cone and its axis equals pitch angle plus
addendum angle.
Cone center
The apex of the pitch cone
Under cut
The portion of the tooth surface adjacent to the involute lying inside a radial line passing
through an imaginary intersection of an involute and the base circle
20 deg
In spur gearing system, the preferred pressure angle is:
1.25 Ds to 2 Ds
Hub length usually vary from:
1.75 to 2.0
The service factor for heavy shock is:
Worm wheel
A gear wheel with cured teeth that mesh with a worm.
Spur gear
Which type of gear is a cylinder, wheel or disk on the surface of which is cut parallel
teeth?
Miter gear
Which type of gear has a ratio of 1:1?
Circular pitch
The distance between similar sides of adjacent teeth measured on the pitch line is
called:
Linear pitch
In rack gear, circular pitch is called:
Working depth
__________ is equal to twice the addendum.
Measure
The meaning of module in a gearing system is:
Under cut
Refers to the portion of the tooth surface adjacent to the involute lying inside a radial
line passing through an imaginary intersection of the involute and the base circle.
Pinion
In a pair of gears, spur or bevel, the smaller is often called:
Miter gears
Which of the following gears that are of the same and transmit motion at right angles?
Pitch cones
The cone, which represents in bevel gears the original friction surfaces are called
Front angle
Which of the following angles equal the pitch angle?
Bottom land
The surface between the flanks of adjacent teeth.
Line of action
The portion of the common tangent to the base circles along which contact between
mating involutes occurs.
Pitch circle
The intersection between the axes of the line of centers and the common tangent to the
base circles,
Face angle
The angle between the element of the face cone and its axis.
Toe
Refers to a portion of the small end of the tooth.
Cone center
The apex of the pitch cone.
Low and medium pressure
Gear pump used in hydraulic system are used for:
10≥μ ≥ 1
In machine tool drive, the modulus for gears is usually selected between:
Involute
The shape of the curve on the side of gear is termed as:
Chordal thickness
The distance in a straight line from one side of a tooth to the side at points where the
pitch circle passes through the tooth.
Vertex distance
The _______ of a bevel gear is equal to the altitude of the pitch cone.
Normal pitch
The _______ of a worm is the distance between the center of one tooth and the center
of an adjacent tooth, measured perpendicular to the teeth.
Throat
The _______ of a worm gear is the concave surface of the gear tooth.
Worm gear
A type of gear, which is used for heavy duty work where a large ratio of speed is
required.
Worm
A _________ is a cylinder with teeth resembling those of acme thread.
Helix angle
The _________ is the angle at which the teeth of a helical gear are slanted across the
face of the gear.
Stub tooth
A __________ is one thicker in proportion to its length than the involute tooth.
Herringbone gears
Which gears are used to connect parallel shafts lying in the same plane?
Worm and worm wheel
Which of the following is used to connect the shafts at an angle but lying in the same
plane?
π
The product of circular pitch and diametral pitch is:
Path of contact
A line drawn through all the points at which the teeth touch each other.
Face width
The length of the gear tooth measured along an element of the pitch surface is called:
Circular pitch
The ________ is equal to the tooth thickness plus the space width.
Arc of approach
The _________ is the arc of the pitch circle where the tooth profile cuts the pitch circle
when a pair of teeth first comes in contact until they are in contact as the pitch point.
Epitrochoid
The _________ traced by the outermost corner of one tooth on the plane of the other
gear.
Pitch circle
An imaginary circle passing through the points at which the tooth of the meshing gears
contact each other.
External gear
A gear with teeth on the outer cylindrical surface.
Internal diameter
The diameter of a circle coinciding with the top of the teeth of an internal gear.
One half
It is standard practice to assume that the thickness of the tooth measured sound the
pitch circle is exactly ________ the circle path.
20 to 30
The helix angles for the herringbone gears are used from ______for industrial gears.
Backing
The distance parallel to the axis from the pitch circle to the face of the shoulder or hub.
Gear shaper
A machine that makes gear teeth by means of a reciprocating cutter that rotates slowly
with the work.
Hypoid gear
A type of gear wheels connecting non-parallel, non-intersecting shafts usually at right
angles.
Back angle
The angle between the plane of the pitch circle and a plane tangent to the end of the
tooth.
Root circle
The circle containing the bottoms of the tooth spaces.
Dedendum
The depth of the tooth inside of the pitch line is called:
Clearance
The amount by which the dedendum in a given gear exceeds the addendum of its
mating gear.
Throat diameter
The outside diameter of the worm measured on the central plane.
Base circle
The circle from which the involute is generated.