YLPÔIMCGN IAMCRNYCNHN KL RLHLT\LMN

JCHCW[LYCA KLM PAKLY PAP\MNY PNYN MNW YLMNGCAHLW

CH[LYCAYLW, D\W[CGCN S PNT
JCHCW[LYCA KLM PAKLY PAP\MNY PNYN MN LK\GNGC×H
\HCRLYWC[NYCN
\HCRLYWCKNK HNGCAHNM LUPLYCJLH[NM KL MN WLO\YCKNK
 NGNKLJCN HNGCAHNM KLM G\LYPA KL CHRLW[CONGCAHLW
GCLH[CBCGNW, PLHNMLW S GYCJCHNMCW[CGNW
GLH[YA KL BAYJNGC×H GNYNGNW
\HCKNK G\YYCG\MNY4 EGAL
 N\MN4 05 NJCICLH[L4 73 GAEAY[L4 U CHRLW[CONGCAH PLHNM

ENICMCKNKLW
KL MN GAJ\HCGNGC×H
AYNM S LWGYC[N

GNYNGNW, >3 JNYTA KL 9090

 NG[CRCKNK H´>
>)  Lmniarl uh gahglpta kl Eîicta kl Lstukca
bchcr gaja ”Mn rlpltcgc÷h klm ngta kl lstukcnr rlnmcznka inda gahkcgcahls njiclhtnmls kl lspngca, tcljpa y gnrngt
ckctnak kl nlpsrtluhkkcal r lsh mlams pnrmcujjlhra ps‚n. s(aO nprngêrn Enugctkcvanir ay, 9k0l0s0n).rrammnr m

n jnhlrn g÷ja engljas nmoa eîicta, ls uhn gastujirl pnrn englr nmoa gaja hnturnm, lm eîicta kl lstukcnr ls

  Lm eîicta kl lstukca lstî rlmngcahnka n mn nggc÷h qul sl ml cjprcjl

takas mas kêns n uhn gclrtn ngtcvcknk.

9)  Gnrngtlrêstcgns Kl \h Iulh Eîicta Kl Lstukca

 Ls uh praglsa gahsgclhtl qul rlquclrl kl tcljpa y lsbulrza

 Ls uhn ngtcvcknk chkcvckunm

 Eny qul slmlggcahnr uh gahtlhcka pnrn praglsnrma

 Ylquclrl lstrntlocns nklgunkns ([ãghcgns kl Lstukca)

 Ylquclrl jljarcn (Buhknjlhtnm pnrn lm nprlhkczndl)

 Ls uh praglsa arclhtnka n gahsloucr uhns jltns (Aidltcvas)

7)  Jlhgcahl >< Eîictas Kl Lstukcas ^ul Ml Bnvarlzgnh Lh Lm

Klsljplþa Ngnkãjcga

 Aronhczngc÷h4  Lm îrln kl lstukca klil tlhlr taka ma qul

sl hlglsctn, puls nsê ha sl plrklrî tcljpa iusgnhka mns gasns
qul bnmtnh. Nsê, lm prcjlr pnsa pnrn maornr lm ãxcta lh mas
lxîjlhls ls lstnr iclh aronhcznka.

 [lhlr uh îrln kl lstukca4  Lstukcnr lh uh muonr lh lm qul ha enyn

kcstrnggcahls, lh lm qul lstãs nm >00% gah lm lstukca,
sch chtlrrupgcahls. Lm njiclhtl cklnm pnrn lm lstukca klil
slr4 arklhnka, scmlhgcasa, lstnr iclh cmujchnka, njpmca y klil
slr 

g÷jaka.
 Lvctn kcstrnggcahls4  Lvctnr tlhlr kcstrnggcahls glrgns, pulsta qul
pulklh jatcva kl klsgahglhtrngc÷h. Ls cjpartnhtl qul kurnhtl lm
tcljpa kl lstukca has mcjctls n lstukcnr puls, par ldljpma, mas
arklhnkarls pulklh slr juy ôtcmls pnrn iusgnr chbarjngc÷h, plra
pulklh kcstrnlrtl sc tclhls lm Bngliaaf niclrta.

 Pmnhcbcgn lm lstukca 4 Mn iulhn pmnhcbcgngc÷h ls uh pnsa iîscga

pnrn qul lm lstukca sln ôtcm. Pnrn lmma, sl pulkl utcmcznr
uh kagujlhta (a uh pnplm) pnrn lsgrcicr mas tljns qul lstukcnrîs,
mas kêns klstchnkas n gnkn tljn y lm tcljpa npraxcjnka
qul hlglsctnrîs pnrn gnkn npnrtnka.

 Wl klil slr gahstnhtl y kcstrciucr lm nprlhkczndl n ma mnroa klm

tcljpa4 Ls hlglsnrca qul slr gahstnhtl y kcstrciucr lm nprlhkczndl
n ma mnroa klm tcljpa, Lsta ls gmnvl pnrn lvctnr tlhlr qul rltlhlrma
taka mas ômtcjas kêns y lh rlnmcknk ha nprlhklr hnkn hc
gahsamcknr lstl nprlhkczndl, scha samnjlhtl jljarcznr.

 Ylnmcznr vnrcns prulins4  Englr tlst a scjumngras kl

mas lxîjlhls ha sama tl prlpnrn pnrn snilr quã tcpas kl
prlouhtns
pulklh npnrlglr
uh bllkingf lh lmrlsplgta
juy vnmcasa lxnjlh,n scscha qul apulklh
kajchns knrtl
ha lm tljnrca
qul
lstîs lstukcnhka.

 Lstukcnr sch enjirl4  Mns hlglscknkls bcscam÷ocgns englh

qul hulstrn gahglhtrngc÷h kcsjchuyn y, par tnhta, ls
chtlrlsnhtl guircrmns pnrn sloucr rchkclhka lh lm lstukca.

 [ajnr nmoôh supmljlhta vctnjêhcga4  Lxcstlh supmljlhtas qul

pulklh nyuknr n jldarnr mn gnpngcknk kl lstukca. Par ldljpma, mn
Dnmln Ylnm. Mn dnmln rlnm, qul ls lm nmcjlhta gah lm qul
sl nmcjlhtnh mns nildns nm hnglr y mn nildn rlchn kurnhtl takn su
vckn, tclhl uhn ornh gnpngcknk vctnmcznhtl tnhta pnrn lm
gulrpa y mn
jlhtl.
 Kliljas tajnr klsgnhsas4  Lstukcnr kurnhtl earns pulkl
slr noatnkar, y klspuãs kl uh tcljpa sch klsgnhsas hulstra
glrlira pulkl bntconrsl, ls par lsa qul ma cklnm ls tajnr
klsgnhsas n jlkckn qul vns lstukcnhka. Ma rlgajlhkniml
ls tajnrsl nm jlhas >0 jchutas kl klsgnhsa par gnkn <0
jchutas kl lstukca. Klspuãs klm
klsgnhsa, vlrîs g÷ja vulmvls n lstnr lh
kcspascgc÷h pnrn sloucr nprlhkclhka

 Rnrên mns tnrlns a ngtcvcknkls 4 Rnrcnr mns tnrlns pulkl

bnvarlglr lm nprlhkczndl. Par ldljpma, pulkls englr 70 jchutas
kl lstukca tl÷rcga y klspuãs atras 90 jchutas kl tnrlns prîgtcgns.
Klspuãs utcmczn >0 jchutas pnrn gajprainr ma qul eniêns
jljarcznka
 nhtlrcarjlhtl y enz lm klsgnhsa kl >0 jchutas pnrn lvctnr mn bntcon
.

 Gnjicnr lm muonr kl lstukca4   Ls iulha tlhlr uh muonr

kahkl lstukcnr, uh muonr lh lm qul pulkns lstnr
gahglhtrnka y sch kcstrnggcahls6 sch ljinroa, tnjicãh pulkls
gnjicnr kl sctca lh nmouhas jajlhtas pnrn bnvarlglr mn rltlhgc÷h
klm nprlhkczndl.

 Klsguircr hulvns barjns kl nprlhklr4 Prainr hulvas jãtakas

a tãghcgns kl lstukca  qul pulknh nyuknr n lhgahtrnr nquãm
qul rlnmjlhtl buhgcahl.

 Wloucr ma qul mls Npnscahn4  Orngcns n lsn pnsc÷h, gnkn

kên nprlhklh jîs y jîs. Par tnhta, atra eîicta gajôh
lhtrl mas jldarls lstukcnhtls ls qul scoulh y sl chtlrlsnh par mn
ngtunmcknk y par ma qul mas lxplrtas apchnh. Par ldljpma, sc lstîs
lstukcnhka lgahajên, klils lstnr nm kên kl ma qul suglkl lh mn
ngtunmcknk lgah÷jcgn klm juhka.

 Npmcgnr lm Gahagcjclhta n Praimljns Ylnmls4 Mas lstukcnhtls

jîs klstngnkas tclhlh gmnra qul nprlhklr ha gahscstl lh
nprainr lxîjlhls y aitlhlr iulhns hatns scha lh lhtlhklr
gahglptas y
klsguircr g÷ja pulkls usnrmas pnrn rlsamvlr praimljns rlnmls. Lm
nprlhkczndl insnka lh praimljns ls uh jãtaka qul
lhbntczn prlgcsnjlhtl lstl nsplgta, par ma qul sl lhgulhtrn
enictunmjlhtl lhtrl mas jîs gajôhjlhtl usnkas par mas jldarls
lstukcnhtls.

 Nprlhklr kl mas Lrrarls4 Lgen mn jcrnkn ntrîs, engcn tus ômtcjas

lxîjlhls, y rlpnsn k÷hkl tl ens lqucvagnka y par quã enstn qul
ma lhtclhkns taka plrblgtnjlhtl. Wch cjpartnr sc lstnjas enimnhka
kl uh lxnjlh bchnm, uh scjpml ldlrgcgca kl gmnsl a uh tlst ahmchl,
mas lstukcnhtls kl ãxcta scljprl nhnmcznh sus bnmmas.

Pha rt asukpaus llsmtma,s lssc ocjulpha rltnshtrtclg tsnljþlnhmntlr

qmausl jgncskjn als tuekîcinchtatls lksl ulhs tjukuchak. aM ny jldar
jnhlrn kl gahvlrtcrtl lh uh lstukcnhtl

;)  Kcslþl uh Earnrca a Pmnh kl Lstukca

Earnrca Muhls Jnrtls Jcãrgamls Dulvls Rclrhls WîinkaKajchoa

03400nj
Pmnh kl Ecstarcn [lghamaoên kl Enicmcknkls
mn Chbarjngc÷h
Klsnrramma Kl mn Wlourcknk y Gajuhcgngc÷h
Kl mn Gajuhcgngc÷h Arnm y Lsgrctn
Klpartl Mcirl Mcirl
 N
 Hngcahnm
>0470nj
 >0470nj
Ecstarcn [lghamaoên kl M÷ocgn y M÷ocgn y
mn Chbarjngc÷h
kl mn Wlourcknk y Gajuhcgngc÷h
Jntljîtcgn \HNGCLW Jntljîtcgn Mcirl Mcirl
 N
>9470nj

0;400nj M÷ocgn Enicmcknkls

y Pmnh kl
Klpartl Kl mn Gajuhcgngc÷h Arnm y Klsnrramma
Jntljîtcgn Lsgrctn \HNGCLW Mcirl Mcirl
 N  Hngcahnm

0<470pj

<)  Lmniarl \h Gahglpta Kl [ãghcgns Kl Lstukca

Mns tãghcgns kl lstukca sah uh gahduhta kl praglkcjclhtas qul has
plrjctlh jldarnr  mn gnmcknk, lbcgngcn y lbcgclhgcn kl hulstras lstukcas y
nprlhkczndls lh uh îrln kltlrjchnkn. [njicãh sah lsns elrrnjclhtns
qul pulkl utcmcznr uh nmujha pnrn bngcmctnr lm nprlhkczndl
lh mn gajprlhsc÷h kl uh tlxta.

cahn S Lxpmcgn Mas [cpas Kl [ãghcgns Kl Lstukca

gns kl lstukca kl pmnhcbcgngc÷h4 Wah chstrujlhtas qul has plrjctlh pmnhcbcgnr hulstrns slscahls kl lstukca kl m
Nquê pulklh lhgahtrnrsl4

 [ãghcgns kl prakugtcvcknk plrsahnm

 [ãghcgns kl olstc÷h kl tcljpa
 [ãghcgns kl klsnrramma kl eîictas.

 [ãghcgns kl lstukca kl sêhtlscs4 Has plrjctlh rlsujcr lm jntlrcnm n

lmlns cthubkacrnjr nkglc ÷mnh jnîhsl cjrnp jarîtnsh ntlp rya prlcnmlkvnn phntlrn. lm lstukca y qulknrhas gah

 Lmniarngc÷h kl gahglptas y gntloarczngc÷h

 Iôsqulkn kl pnmnirns gmnvl
 Lmniarngc÷h kl rlsôjlhls
 Jnpn gahglptunmls
 Jnpns jlhtnmls
r lm jcsja ngta kl lstukcnr y ldlgutnr mns nggcahls jîs nprapcnkns pnrn lm nprlhkczndl klm jntlrcnm. Jhljatã
  Pnmnirns gmnvl
  Nsagcngc÷h kl pnrls
 Wcstljns kl plrgens
  Nsagcngcahls jlhtnmls
  Ngr÷hcjas

 [ãghcgns kl lstukca kl jatcvngc÷h4Has plrjctlh jnhtlhlr lm chtlrãs lh lm jntlrcnm n lstukcn

 [ãghcgns kl vcsunmczngc÷h
 [ãghcgns kl PHM
 Bcdngc÷h kl aidltcvas

 [ãghcgns kl lstukca kl lvnmungc÷h y nutarrloumngc÷h4 Prapargcahnh rltranmcjlhtngc÷h s

?)  Jlhgcahl Gunmls Eîictas S [ãghcgns \tcmcznrên \stlk Pnrn

Aitlhlr \h Lxglmlhtl Ylhkcjclhta Ngnkãjcga

 [lhlr uh îrln kl lstukca

 Lvctn kcstrnggcahls

 Pmnhcbcgnr lm lstukca

 Wl klil slr gahstnhtl y kcstrciucr lm nprlhkczndl n ma mnroa klm

tcljpa
 Ylnmcznr vnrcns prulins.
Npuhtls y Ylsujlh
Wuirnynr 
Jnpns jlhtnmls
Gnsas prîgtcgas
Ylomns Jhljatãghcgns
Kciudas

NG[CRCKNK H´9
  Kl ngulrka n su klsljplþa y pnrtcgcpngc÷h lh mn \hcknk
Gurrcgumnr Enicmcknkls kl mn Gajuhcgngc÷h Arnm y Lsgrctn (EGAL),
rlnmcgl uhn nutalvnmungc÷h kl jnhlrn gunmctntcvn y gam÷qulsl uhn
pahklrngc÷h gunhtctntcvn lh mn lsgnmn klm glra (0) nm vlchtl (90).

  Gahscklra qul jc klslhvamvcjclhta lh mn \hcknk

Gurrcgumnr Enicmcknkls Kl Mn Gajuhcgngc÷h Arnm S Lsgrctn
(EGAL) en scka
sntcsbngtarcn yn qul el nkqucrcka uh njpmca gahagcjclhta lh gunhta n
kcgen jntlrcn, mn gunm jl en scka kl ornh pravlgea pnrn jc kên n kên.
 Nuhnka n lsta el tlhcka uh iulh klsnrramma y el pnrtcgcpnka ngtcvnjlhtl
lh lm numn kl gmnsls lh ngtcvcknkls kl lhslþnhzn y nprlhkczndl,
y tajnhka lh gulhtn lm lsjlrnka trninda kl mn Kaglhtl Kcnhn Geng÷h
lm gunm en scka lm chstrujlhta gmnvl lh mns lvnmungcahls, jl nutalvnmu÷
gah uhn pahklrngc÷h kl 90 puhtas.