PROBLEM SET NO.

1
EE 420: BASIC ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

Submitted by:
Endaya, Kim Brian A.
ChE – 3202

Submitted to:
ENGR. Sarah Jane Fruelda

Course Instructor

2021
DIRECTIONS: Solve for the unknown values for each problem, with complete solutions, and
draw the illustration if needed. Box and round your final answer only into four decimal places.
Use engineering lettering and ruler for straight lines. If you can type your solution, you may do so.
Show your solution after each question. Make sure your solution is readable when you paste it.
Save your file in PDF.

1. A lightning bolt carried a current of 2 kA and lasted for 3 ms. How many coulombs of
charge were contained in the lightning bolt?

Given: Solution:
I = 2 kA = 2 x 103 A Q = I t = (2 x 103 A) (3 x 10-3 s)
t = 3 ms = 3 x 10-3 s Q = 6 coulombs
Q =?

Formula:
I = Q / t; Q=It

2. A battery may be rated in ampere-hours (Ah). A lead-acid battery is rated at 160 Ah. (a)
What is the maximum current it can supply for 40 h? (b) How many days it last if it
discharged at 1 mA?
Given:
Q = 160 Ah
Solution:
a.) t = 40 h b.) I = 1 mA = 1 x 10-3 A
I =? t =?

𝑄 160 𝐴−ℎ 𝑄 𝑄 160 𝐴−ℎ

𝐼 = = 𝐼 = ; 𝑡= = 1 𝑥 10−3 𝐴
𝑡 40 ℎ 𝑡 𝐼

1 𝑑𝑎𝑦
𝐼 = 4𝐴 𝐼 = 160000 ℎ𝑟 ( )
24 ℎ𝑟𝑠

𝐼 = 6666.6667 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠
3. How much work is done by a 12-V automobile battery in moving 5 x 1020 electrons from
the positive terminal to the negative terminal?

Given:
V = 12 V
Q = 5 x 1020 C
For the charge of electron = 1.602 x 10-19 C
W =?

Solution:
V=W/Q
W = V Q = (12 V) (5 x 1020 C) (1.602 x 10-19 C)
W = 961 .2 J

4. How much energy does a 10-hp motor deliver in 30 minutes? Assume that 1 horsepower =
746 W.

Given: Solution:
W
P=10 hp (7460 W) P= t
t=30 mins (1800 s) W = Pt
W= (7460W) (1800s)
W=13428000 J

5. A 2-kW electric iron is connected to a 120-V line. Calculate the current drawn by the
iron.

Given: Solution:

P=2 kW (2000W) P = IV
V=120 V 2000 W = I (120 V)
I = 16.6667 A
6. Obtain the equivalent resistance in each of the circuits. In (b) all resistors have a value of
30 ohms.

Solution:

𝑅𝐴 (𝑅𝐶 ) 40 (50)
𝑅1 = = 20 Ω
𝑅𝐴 + 𝑅𝐵 + 𝑅𝐶 100

𝑅𝐵 (𝑅𝐶 ) 50 (10)
𝑅2 = = = 5Ω
𝑅𝐴 + 𝑅𝐵 + 𝑅𝐶 40 + 10 + 50

𝑅𝐴 (𝑅𝐵 ) 40 (10)
𝑅3 = = = 4Ω
𝑅𝐴 + 𝑅𝐵 + 𝑅𝐶 40 + 10 + 50
Using the figure above:

𝑅 = 30Ω + 4Ω(𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑙 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 60Ω) + 5𝑉

Since the circuit is parallel,

1
𝑅= 1 1 = 22.32323232 Ω
+
34 Ω 65 Ω

Computing RAB:
𝑅𝐴𝐵 = 22.32323232 Ω + 20Ω + 20Ω + 80Ω

𝑅𝐴𝐵 = 142.3232323 Ω 𝑜𝑟 142.3232 Ω

For b:
From the rightest corner:
𝑅 = 30Ω + 30Ω(𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑙 𝑡𝑜 30Ω)

1
𝑅= = 20Ω
1 1
60Ω + 30Ω

Simplifying the remaining delta in wye:

30 Ω(30Ω)
𝑅1 = = 10Ω
30Ω + 30Ω + 30Ω
 For Parallel:
𝑅 = 10Ω + 10Ω + 10Ω(𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑙 𝑡𝑜 10Ω) + 10Ω + 10Ω + 20Ω

1
𝑅=
1 1
+
20 Ω 40 Ω
𝑅 = 13.33333333 Ω

For Series:
𝑅𝐴𝐵 = 13.33333333 Ω + 10 Ω + 10 Ω

𝑅𝐴𝐵 = 33.33333333 Ω 𝑜𝑟 33.3333 Ω

7. Use Kirchhoff’s Law.

Solution:
KVL at Loop 1: KCL at a:

12 𝑉 − 2𝑖2 − 2𝑖3 = 0 𝑖1 − 𝑖2 − 𝑖6 = 0

12𝑉 = 2𝑖2 + 2𝑖3 (𝒆𝒒. 𝟏) 𝑖6 = 𝑖1 − 𝑖2 (𝒆𝒒. 𝟐)

KCL at b: KCL at c:

𝑖2 − 𝑖3 − 𝑖4 = 0 𝑖6 − 𝑖5 + 𝑖4 = 0

𝑖4 = 𝑖2 − 𝑖3 (𝒆𝒒. 𝟑) 𝑖5 = 𝑖6 + 𝑖4 (𝒆𝒒. 𝟒)

Equating equations 2, 3, and 4: KVL at node BC

𝑖5 = (𝑖1 − 𝑖2 ) + (𝑖2 − 𝑖3 ) 2𝑖3 − 2𝑖4 − 2𝑖5 = 0 (𝒆𝒒. 𝟔)

𝑖5 = 𝑖1 − 𝑖3 (𝒆𝒒. 𝟓)

Equating equations 3, 5, and 6: KVL at node ABC

2𝑖3 − (𝑖2 − 𝑖3 ) − 2(𝑖1 − 𝑖3 ) = 0 2𝑖2 − 2𝑖6 − 2𝑖4 = 0 (𝒆𝒒. 𝟖)

2𝑖3 − 2𝑖2 + 2𝑖3 − 2𝑖1 + 2𝑖3 = 0

−2𝑖1 − 2𝑖2 + 6𝑖3 = 0 (𝒆𝒒. 𝟕)

 Equating equations 2, 3, and 8: Solving:

2𝑖2 − 2(𝑖1 − 𝑖2 ) − 2(𝑖2 − 𝑖3 ) = 0 𝑽𝟏 = 𝑹𝑰

−2𝑖1 + 2𝑖2 + 2𝑖3 = 0 (𝒆𝒒. 𝟗) 𝑽𝟏 = 𝑅(𝑖2 )

Upon simultaneous substitution: 𝑽𝟏 = 𝟔 𝑽

𝑖1 = 6 𝐴 𝑽𝟐 = 𝑹𝑰

𝑖2 = 3 𝐴 𝑽𝟐 = 𝑅(𝑖3 )

𝑖3 = 3 𝐴 𝑽𝟐 = (2 Ω)(3 𝐴)

𝑽𝟐 = 𝟔 𝑽

8. Use Kirchhoff’s law to solve for Vab and io in the circuit shown below.

Solution:
KCL at node B: KCL at node C:
𝑖3 + 𝑖4 − 𝑖6 = 0 𝑖1 − 𝑖4 − 𝑖5 = 0

𝑖3 = 𝑖6 − 𝑖4 (𝒆𝒒. 𝟏) 𝑖1 = 𝑖4 − 𝑖5 (𝒆𝒒. 𝟐)

KCL at node D: KVL at node ABC:

−𝑖2 + 𝑖6 + 𝑖5 = 0 80 − 20𝑖1 − 30𝑖4 + 20𝑖3 = 0

𝑖2 = 𝑖6 + 𝑖5 (𝒆𝒒. 𝟑) 80 = 20𝑖2 + 30𝑖4 − 20𝑖3 (𝒆𝒒. 𝟒)

Equating equations 1, 2, and 4: KVL at ABD:

80 = 20 (𝑖4 − 𝑖5 ) + 30𝑖4 − 20(𝑖6 − 𝑖4 ) 80 − 20𝑖2 − 20𝑖3 − 30𝑖6 = 0

80 = 70𝑖4 + 20𝑖5 − 20𝑖6 80 = 20𝑖2 + 20𝑖3 + 30𝑖6 (𝒆𝒒. 𝟓)

Equating equations 1, 3, and 5: KVL at BDC:

80 = 20(𝑖6 + 𝑖5 ) + 20(𝑖6 − 𝑖4 ) + 30𝑖6 30𝑖6 + 30𝑖5 − 20𝑖4 = 0

80 = 70𝑖6 + 20𝑖5 + 20𝑖4

Upon simultaneous substitution:

𝑖4 = 0.8889 𝐴 𝑉𝑎𝑏 = (1.778 𝐴)(30Ω)

𝑖5 = 1.7778 𝐴 𝑽𝒂𝒃 = 𝟓𝟑. 𝟑𝟑𝟒 𝑽

𝑖6 = 0.8889 𝐴

𝒊𝒐 = 𝟏. 𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟖 𝑨
9. A 60-cycle current has a maximum value of 6.5A. What will be the instantaneous value

of current at:

a. 0.0035 sec after the wave passes through zero in a positive direction

b. 0.01153 sec after the wave passes through zero in a positive direction

Given:

𝑓 = 60 𝑐𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒
𝑀𝑎𝑥 = 6.5 𝐴

Solution:

For a: (t = 0.0035)

𝑖 = 𝐼𝑚 sin (𝜔𝑡 ± 𝜃)
𝐼𝑚=𝑀𝑎𝑥
𝐼𝑚 = 6.5 𝐴
𝜔 = 2𝜋𝑓
𝜔 = 2𝜋(60)
𝜔 = 376.9911184
𝑖 = 6.5 sin(376.9911184𝑡)
𝑖 = 6.5 sin(376.9911184(0.0035))
𝑖 = 6.295790547 𝐴 𝑜𝑟 6.2958 𝐴

For b: (t = 0.01153)

𝑖 = 6.5 sin(376.9911184𝑡)
𝑖 = 6.5 sin(376.9911184(0.01153))
𝑖 = −6.070222109 𝐴 𝑜𝑟 − 6.0702 𝐴
10. A sinusoidal voltage having an effective value of 120V is impressed across a 50 ohms

resistor. Calculate the rms and maximum value of current.

Given:

𝑅𝑀𝑆 = 120 𝑉

𝑅 = 50 𝑂ℎ𝑚𝑠

Solution:

𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠
𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠 =
𝑅
120 𝑉
𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠 =
50 𝑂ℎ𝑚𝑠
𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠 = 2.4 𝐴

𝑀𝑎𝑥
𝑅𝑀𝑆 =
√2
𝑀𝑎𝑥
2.4 𝐴 =
√2
𝑀𝑎𝑥 = 3.39411255 𝑜𝑟 3.3941 𝐴

11. An alternating current of frequency 60Hz has a maximum value of 12A. Write down the

equation for its instantaneous value. Reckoning time from the instant the current is zero

and is becoming positive, find (a) instantaneous value of 1/360 sec (b) the time taken to

reach 9A for the first time.

Given:

𝑓 = 60 𝐻𝑧
𝑀𝑎𝑥 = 12 𝐴
 Solution:

For a: For b:

𝑖 = 12𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜋𝑓𝑡 𝑖 = 12𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜋𝑓𝑡
1
𝑖 = 12𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜋 (60) (360) 96 𝐴 = 12𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜋(60)𝑡
𝑖 = 10.39230485 𝐴 𝑜𝑟 10.3923 𝐴 𝑡 = 0.02453703704 𝑠 𝑜𝑟 0.0245 𝑠

12. The rms value of the voltage in a 60cycle circuit is 115V. Write the equation for the
sinusoidal wave.

Given:
𝑓 = 60 𝑐𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒

𝑅𝑀𝑆 = 115 𝑉

Solution:
𝑀𝑎𝑥
𝑅𝑀𝑆 = 𝜔 = 2𝜋𝑓
√2

𝑀𝑎𝑥
115 𝑉 = 𝜔 = 2𝜋(60)
√2

𝑀𝑎𝑥 = 162.6345597 𝑜𝑟 162.6346 𝜔 = 376.9911184 𝑜𝑟 376.9911

𝑒 = 162.6346 sin(376.9911𝑡)

13. The in-phase sinusoidal currents in the parallel branches of a circuit have the following
equations: i1 = 17sin377t and i2 = 22.6sin377t. (a) Write the equation for the resultant of
the two waves; (b) calculate the effective currents in the individual branches and the
resultant current.

Given:

𝑖1 = 17𝑠𝑖𝑛377𝑡

𝑖2 = 22.6𝑠𝑖𝑛377𝑡
Solution:

For a: (Equation for the resultant of the two waves)

X = 17 cos (0) + 22.6 sin (0) Y = 17 sin (0) + 22.6 sin (0)
X = 39.6 Y=0

𝑦
R = √𝑥^2 + 𝑦^2 θ = tan-1 (𝑥)
R = 39.6 θ= 0

i = Imsin (𝜔𝑡 ± Ø)
i = 39.6sin (377𝑡)

For b: (Effective currents in the individual branches and the resultant current.)

IM = I1 + I2 = 17 A + 22.6 A = 39.6 A I1 = IM1 (Max1)

IM = Max I2 = IM2 (Max2)

For individual branches:

𝑀𝑎𝑥 𝑀𝑎𝑥
𝑅𝑀𝑆(𝑖1 ) = 𝑅𝑀𝑆(𝑖2 ) =
√2 √2

17 22.6
𝑅𝑀𝑆(𝑖1 ) = 𝑅𝑀𝑆(𝑖2 ) =
√2 √2

𝑅𝑀𝑆(𝑖1 ) 12.0208 𝐴 𝑅𝑀𝑆(𝑖2 ) 15.9806 𝐴

 For the resultant current:

𝑀𝑎𝑥
𝑅𝑀𝑆(𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡) =
√2
39.6
𝑅𝑀𝑆(𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡) =
√2

𝑅𝑀𝑆(𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡) = 28.0014 𝐴

14. The following information is given in connection with an ac source that delivers current
to three loads in parallel: IA = 20A, IB = 12A and lags behind IA by 30 electrical
degrees; IC = 32A and leads IA by 60 elect degrees. Using IA as the reference phasor,
draw the vector diagram.

Given:

𝐼𝐴 = 20𝐴
𝐼𝐵 = 20𝐴
1𝐶 = 32𝐴
Solution:
15. If i = 10sin 377t, find
a. Frequency
b. The time when i = 5A
c. The time when i = -5A

Given:

𝑖 = 10𝑠𝑖𝑛377𝑡

𝑖1 = 5 𝐴

𝑖2 = −5 𝐴

Solution:

For a: (Frequency)
1 1
𝑓=𝑇 𝑓=𝑇

2𝜋 1
𝑇= 𝑓 = 0.01666627402
𝜔

2𝜋
𝑇 = 377 𝑓 = 60.00141356 𝐻𝑧 𝑜𝑟 60.0014 𝐻𝑧

𝑇 = 0.01666627402

For b: (The time when i = 5A) For c: (The time when i = -5A)

𝑖 = 10𝑠𝑖𝑛377𝑡 𝑖 = 10𝑠𝑖𝑛377𝑡

5 𝐴 = 10𝑠𝑖𝑛377𝑡 −5 𝐴 = 10𝑠𝑖𝑛377𝑡

𝑡 = 1.3889 𝑥 10−3 𝑠 𝑜𝑟 1.3889 𝑚𝑠 𝑡 = −1.3889 𝑥 10−3 𝑠 𝑜𝑟 − 1.3889 𝑚𝑠