2/11/2021 Shri Rudram - Wikipedia

Shri Rudram
Shri Rudram (Sanskrit: ी म ्, romanized: śrī-rudram), is a Vedic mantra or chant in homage to Rudra
(an epithet of Shiva) taken from the Krishna Yajurveda's Taittiriya Samhita (TS 4.5, 4.7). It comprises
two parts, the Namakam and Chamakam. Chamakam (Sanskrit: चमकम ्) is added by scriptural tradition
to the Shri Rudram.[1][2] Shri Rudram is also known as Śri Rudrapraśna, Śatarudrīya and
Rudradhyaya. The text is important in Shaivism, where Shiva is viewed as the ultimate God. The hymn
is an early example of enumerating the names of a deity.[3]

Shri Rudram is also famous for its mention of the Shaivite holy mantra Namah Shivaya, which appears
in the text of the Śatarudrīya in the eighth anuvāka of Taittiriya Samhita (TS 4.5.8.1).[4] It also
contains the mantra Aum namah bhagavate rudraya and the Mahamrityunjaya Mantra.[5][6][7][8]

Contents
Text
See also
Notes
References
External links

Text
Shri Rudram consists of two chapters (praśna) from the fourth kāṇda (book) of Taittiriya Samhita
which is a part of Krishna Yajurveda.[9] The names of the chapters are Namakam (chapter five) and
Chamakam (chapter seven) respectively.[10] The Namakam (chapter five) in Shri Rudram describes the
names or epithets of Rudra, who is a fear-inducing aspect of Shiva. Additionally, the devotee asks for the
benevolent aspect of Shiva to be invoked rather than the terrible aspect of Rudra and requests for
forgiveness of sins. The Chamakam (chapter seven) asks for the fulfillment of wishes.[11] Each chapter
consist of eleven anuvākas or hymns.[12][13][14]

The anuvākas or hymns of Namakam correspond to the eleven hymns of TS 4.5, with the final hymn
extended by an additional eight verses, including the Mahamrityunjaya Mantra.[15][16][17] The mantra
Om Namah Shivaya is derived from the Shri Rudram, in which it appears in TS 4.5.8.1 though without
the syllable Om.[18][19][20][21][22] The anuvākas or hymns of Chamakam correspond to TS 4.7 and they
ask God for fulfillment of wishes.[23]

The earliest homage hymns to Rudra is the Śatarudrīya found in the Yajurveda (TS 4.5.1-11, VS 16.1-
66).[24][25] C. Fuller maintains that Shri Rudram is based on Śatarudrīya.[3]

See also
Karpuragauram Karunavtaaram
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Notes
1. "Śrī Rudram Exosition" (http://www.vedaunion.org/static/pdf/Sri-Rudram-Exposition-EN.pdf) (PDF).
2. "Introduction to rudram" (https://vak1969.com/2013/02/01/introduction-to-rudram/). sec. Chamakam.
3. C Fuller (2001), Orality, literacy and memorisation: priestly education in contemporary south India,
Modern Asian Studies, Vol. 35, Issue 1, pages 14-15 with footnote 6
4. For notability and text namaḥ śivāya see: Sivaramamurti, pp. 1, 24.
5. "sri rudram" (http://www.skandagurunatha.org/works/stothras/sri-rudram.pdf) (PDF). pp. 4–5.
6. "SRI RUDRAM with meaning" (http://www.suyajna.org/files/rudram.pdf) (PDF). sec. Mantra.
7. "SRI RUDRAM (with CHAMAKAM)" (https://sanskritdocuments.org/articles/ShriRudramChamakam_
PRKannan.pdf) (PDF). sec. mantra 12 of ANUVAKAM 11, page 87.
8. "Rudram" (http://www.vedaunion.org/static/pdf/Sri-Rudram-Text-Anuvakam-1-11-devanagari-translite
ration-translation.pdf) (PDF). vedic union. p. 2.
9. "Introduction to Rudram" (https://vak1969.com/2013/02/01/introduction-to-rudram/). sec. What is
Rudram ?.
10. "Sri Rudram - Hindupedia, the Hindu Encyclopedia" (http://www.hindupedia.com/en/Sri_Rudram).
www.hindupedia.com.
11. "Introduction to Rudram" (https://vak1969.com/2013/02/01/introduction-to-rudram/). sec. Chamakam.
12. "Sri rudram Exposition" (http://www.vedaunion.org/static/pdf/Sri-Rudram-Exposition-EN.pdf) (PDF).
13. "Introduction to rudram" (https://vak1969.com/2013/02/01/introduction-to-rudram/). sec. What is
Rudram ?.
14. "Sri rudram" (http://www.hindupedia.com/en/Sri_Rudram). sec. First paragraph.
15. "Si rudram" (http://www.skandagurunatha.org/works/stothras/sri-rudram.pdf) (PDF).
www.skandagurunatha.org. p. 5.
16. "Rudram" (http://www.vedaunion.org/static/pdf/Sri-Rudram-Text-Anuvakam-1-11-devanagari-translite
ration-translation.pdf) (PDF). sec. Anuvāka 11 of Namakam (Supplement), page 31.
17. "SRI RUDRAM with meaning" (http://www.suyajna.org/files/rudram.pdf) (PDF). sec. Mantras.
18. "Rudram" (http://www.vedaunion.org/static/pdf/Sri-Rudram-Text-Anuvakam-1-11-devanagari-translite
ration-translation.pdf) (PDF). vedaunion. p. anuvaka 8 of Namakam at page-22.
19. "sri rudram exposition (search for "namaḥ śivāya ca śivatarāya ca" in the pdf at page 3)" (http://www.
vedaunion.org/static/pdf/Sri-Rudram-Exposition-EN.pdf) (PDF). vedaunion.org. p. 3.
20. "sri-rudram" (http://www.skandagurunatha.org/works/stothras/sri-rudram.pdf) (PDF).
skandagurunatha.org. p. 4.
21. "Sri Rudram - Introduction" (https://www.manblunder.com/articlesview/sri-rudram-introduction).
www.manblunder.com.
22. "which verse of sri rudram of yajurveda has word shiva (search as "Most importantly 1st verse of 8th
Anuvaka mentions the word Shiva as")" (https://hinduism.stackexchange.com/questions/10818/whic
h-verse-of-sri-rudram-of-yajurveda-has-the-word-shiva). hinduism.stackexchange.
23. "Sri Rudram" (http://www.hindupedia.com/en/Sri_Rudram). sec. Methods of Chanting Rudra.
24. Stella Kramrisch (1988). The Presence of Siva (https://books.google.com/books?id=cjqfkgD6YCAC).
Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 71–73. ISBN 978-81-208-0491-3.
25. For a full translation of the complete hymn see: Sivaramamurti (1976)

References
Flood, Gavin (1996). An Introduction to Hinduism
(https://archive.org/details/introductiontohi0000floo). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shri_Rudram 2/3
2/11/2021 Shri Rudram - Wikipedia

ISBN 0-521-43878-0.
Kramrisch, Stella (1981). The Presence of Śiva (https://archive.org/details/presenceofsiva0000kram).
Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-01930-4.
Sivaramamurti, C. (1976). Śatarudrīya: Vibhūti of Śiva's Iconography. Delhi: Abhinav Publications.

External links
Meanings and Commentaries on some of the anuvakas. (http://www.advaita-vedanta.org/series/shri_
rudram/shri_rudram_top.htm)
Sri Rudram Namakam chamakam chanting Live Video from Sri Ramana Ashram (https://www.youtub
e.com/watch?v=xZrDRjMAaFw)

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