How Do Children Develop Cognitively How Did Piaget View Cognitive Development

 Aspects of Development :  How Development Occurs

How student think, how student view the world, student’s  Schemes : mental patterns that guide behavior

age, student’s stage of development  Assimilation : understanding new experiences in terms of existing
schemes
 Issues of Development : Accomodation : modifying existing schemes to fit new situations
 Nature-Nurture Controversy
Biological factors such as physical  Piaget’s Stages of Development

development and environmental factor, such as  Sensomotorik (birth to age 2) : stage during which infants learn about

moral development their surroundings by using their senses and motor skills

 Continous and Discontinous Theories  Preoperational (age 2 to 7) : stage at which children learn yo

Continous theories belief the progress represent things in the mind

smoothly and gradually from infacy to adulthood,  Concrete operational (age 7 to 11) : stage at which children develop

but Discontinous theoris describe progress occur the capacity for logical reasoning and understanding of conservation

through a fixed sequence of distinct, predictable but can use these skill only in dealing with familiar situations

stages governed by inbor factors  Formal operational (age 11 to adulthood) : stage at which one can
deal abstractly with hypothetical situations and reason logically

Cognitive, Language, and

Literacy Development

How Did Vygotsky View Cognitive Development

How is Piaget’s Work Viewed Today How Do Language and Literacy Develop

 How Development Occurs  Language and Literacy Development during the Preschool Years
 Critisms and Revisions of Piaget’s Theory
 Private Speech : children’s self-talk, which guides their thinking and Oral Language / spoken language, Reading, and Writing
Piaget held the development stages were
action, eventually internalized as silent inner speech
largely fixed and that such concepts as
 Zone of Proximal Development : level of development immediately  Language and Literacy Development during the Elementary and
conservation could not be taught. However,
above a person’s present level Secondary Years
research has established many cases in which
 Scaffolding : Support for learning and problem solving, might include Languages and literacy develop at a rapid rate for children in the
Piagetian task can be taught to children at
clues, reminders, encouragement, breaking the problem down into elementary and secondary grades
earlier developmental stages
steps, providing an example, or anything else that allows the student to
 Neo-Piagetian Views of Development
grow in independence as a learmer
Neo-Piagetian theories are modifications of
 Cooperative Learning : in which children wor together to help one
Piaget’s theory that attempt to overcome in
another learn Moch. Hisbul Ansor
limitations and address problems that critics have
identified. PMU 2018

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