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Shear Rupture http://www.bgstructuralengineering.com/BGSCM13/BGSCM004/BGS...

A Beginner's Guide to the Steel Construction Manual, 13th ed. (old)

Chapter 4 - Bolted Connections


© 2006, 2007, 2008 T. Bartlett Quimby

Overview
Section 4.6

Mechanics of Shear Rupture


Load Transfer
The limit state of shear rupture is introduced in the specification in section J3.6
(SCM pg 16.1-108).
Finding Forces
on Bolts The Limit State:

The basic limit state follows the standard form. The statement of the limit states
and the associated reduction factor and factor of safety are given here:
Hole Size and
Bolt Spacing
LRFD ASD
Pu < ftRn Pa < Rn/Wt
Tensile Rupture
Req'd Rn = Pu / ft < Rn Req'd Rn = Pa Wt < Rn

Shear Rupture Pu / (ftRn) < 1.00 Pa / (Rn/Wt) < 1.00

ft = 0.75 Wt = 2.00
Slip Capacity
The values of Pu and Pa are the LRFD and ASD factored loads, respectively,
Chapter applied to the bolt. These forces are computed using the mechanics principles
Summary discussed in Sections 4.3.

Example In this case Rn is the nominal shear strength of a shear plane is computed using
Problems SCM equation J3-1:
Homework Rn = FnvAb
Problems
References Where:

Fnv is obtained from SCM Table J3.2 (SCM pg 16.1-104)


Report Errors or Ab is the nominal cross sectional area of the bolt (pdb2/4), ignoring
Make threads.
Suggestions
[2010 Spec note: Table J3.2 has been modified to increase Fnv values in the
Purchase Hard 2010 Specification. Bolt groups have also been created with each group
Copy containing a set of different ASTM types of bolts.]

The nominal shear strength of a connection that is concentrically loaded is

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Shear Rupture http://www.bgstructuralengineering.com/BGSCM13/BGSCM004/BGS...

determined by:
Make Donation
Rn = FnvAbns

Where:

ns is the number of shear planes that transfer the complete load.

For connections that are not concentrically loaded the shear force in the worst
case shear plane is determined by structural mechanics and compared against
the capacity of a single shear plane.

Table J3.2 tabulates nominal shear stresses for the commonly used structural
bolts. It also provides provision for computing the nominal shear stress for other
types of threaded fasteners.

You will notice that Table J3.2 has rows for conditions including or excluding
threads from the shear planes. If threads exist in a shear plane then there is
less area available to transfer the shear. Instead of computing a reduced Ab, the
SCM specification reduces Fnv instead. Use the tabulated value for Fnv that
applies to your design situation.

Combined Tension and Shear in Bearing-Type Connections

When this condition occurs, the tensile capacity is reduced as discussed in


Section 4.5.

Sample Spreadsheet Computation

This spreadsheet computes both the shear and tension strength limit states,
including combined shear and tension. The input consists of information about
the bolts (type, size, tabulated stress, number) and loads (shear and tension)
obtained previous to doing this calculation.

Bolt Strength Capacity (both Tension and Shear)

Bolt: A325-N
Ab 0.4418in
Fnv 48ksi
Fnt 90ksi
Ns 1 2 per bolt
Nb 8 8 bolts

Total Shear Planes 24

LRFD ASD
Tension, Tu 250k/connection Tension, Ta 200k/connection
Shear, Vu 200k/connection Shear, Va 150k/connection
fv 18.9ksi fv 14.1ksi
f 0.75 W 2
F'nt 69.8ksi F'nt 63.9ksi

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Shear Rupture http://www.bgstructuralengineering.com/BGSCM13/BGSCM004/BGS...

Rnt 30.9k/bolt Rnt 28.3k/bolt


Rnt 493.7k/connection Rnt 452.0k/connection
f Rnt = 370k/connection Rnt / W = 226k/connection
Tu/f Rnt = 67.5%… OK Ta / (Rn / W ) = 88.5%… OK
Rnv 21.2k/shear plane Rnv 21.2k/shear plane
Rnv 509.0k/connection Rnv 509.0k/connection
f Rnv = 381.7k/connection Rnv / W = 254.5k/connection
Vu/f Rnv = 52.4%… OK Va / (Rn / W ) = 58.9%… OK

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