TECHNICAL

DICTIONARY
(DICCIONARIO TÉCNICO)
 AUTHOR
(AUTOR)

LAURA CRISTINA MEDINA GUATIBONZA

TECNOLOGIA EN OPERACIÓN Y
MANTENIMIENTO ELECTROMECANICO

FICHA: 1960713

2
 A
AC Generator: Generador de
corriente alterna/ The alternating current
generator is a device that converts
mechanical energy into electrical energy.

Absorber: Amortiguador/ It is a device

built with a chrome-plated shaft and two
steel tubes.

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Adjusting cylinder: Cilindro de ajuste/
It is used to move forward and backward to
maintain the correct tension.

Adjusting pistón: Pistón de ajuste/

expansive mixing action

Air cleaner: Filtro de aire/ An air filter is a

device that removes solid particles such as
dust, pollen, and bacteria from the air.
 B
“
Battery: Batería/Electric accumulator or simply
battery or accumulator, is a device that consists of two
or more electrochemical cells that can convert stored
chemical energy into electrical current.

Ball bearing: Cojinete de bolas/Rolling elements that

fulfill three main functions, in addition to facilitating
movement: resists loads, reduces friction and allows the
positioning of the moving parts of the machine.

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Breaker: Interruptor/ It is a device that allows
diverting or interrupting the course of an electric
current.

Bushing: Buje/Cylindrical piece that covers the

inside of the mechanical elements that rotate
around an axis.

Brake: Freno/A brake is a device used to stop

or slow down

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 C
Caliper:Calibrador/It is a measuring
instrument, mainly of external
diameters, internal diameters and
depths, used in the industrial field.

Center point: Centro

punto/Mechanical tool used to mark
metal, such as marking holes to guide
drill bits

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Cartridge fuse: Fusible de cartucho/Used in
electrical installations in homes.

Closed circuit: Circuito cerrado/It is a route through a

metal cable or conductor of electricity, through which the
electric current circulates.

Clutch piston: Pistón de embrague/ Its function is to

transform the movement of the clutch pedal through the
movement of the hydraulic fluid.

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Diameter:
D
diámetro/Width of an object with a circular,
cylindrical or spherical shape.

Direct current: Corriente continua/ Continuous flow of

electric charge through a conductor between two points of
different potential and electric charge, which does not change
direction with time.

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Disassembly: desmontaje/ leave free the main blocks of
the machine, industrial process or production line.

drill bits: brocas/A thin, helical-grooved steel bar that is

mounted on a drill, rotated, and used to make holes in wood
and other materials.

Drill: taladro/Tool used to make holes in hard materials.

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Electric system:
E
sistema eléctrico/ It
comprises the set of means and useful elements
for the generation, transport and distribution of
electrical energy. This set is equipped with control,
security and protection mechanisms.

Energy: energía/Capacity of matter to produce

work in the form of movement, light, heat.

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Extended life coolant:Refrigerante de Larga
Duración/Coolant used worldwide to factory fill
Caterpillar machine engines. Can be used in all
diesel and gasoline engines.

Electronically adjustable unit injector:

inyector unitario ajustable electrónicamente/It is an
integrated direct fuel injection system for diesel
engines that combines the injector nozzle and the
injection pump in a single component.

Excavator: excavadora/They are versatile

equipment for civil and mining construction. Its
mechanical arm can incorporate different tools for
work on earth, rock, concrete or steel.

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Feed rollers:
F
rodillos de alimentación/ tiene la
capacidad de moler materia prima, clinker de
cemento o escoria y es adecuada incluso para
materiales de alimentación secos y no hay necesidad
de añadir agua a la prensa de rodillo durante el
procesamiento.

Fiberglass: fibra de vidrio/Fiberglass is a

material consisting of numerous extremely fine
silicon dioxide-based ceramic filaments

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Frame: bastidor/A frame or frame is a structure
composed of beams and cross members to which in one
way or another all the elements and mechanical groups
that make up a car must be fixed, such as the engine,
transmission groups, body shafts, etc.

Fuel filter:Filtro de combustible/A fuel filter is a

filter in a fuel line that removes dirt and oxide particles
from the fuel, and is typically converted into cartridges
that contain filter paper.

Fuel pump:Bomba de combustible/A fuel pump is a

device that delivers the necessary energy to the
working fluid or fuel to move through the carburetor
and then enter the intake valve where it subsequently
passes into the cylinder.
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Gear pump:
G
bomba de engranajes/It is a type of
hydraulic pump that consists of 2 gears enclosed in a
very tight housing, it transforms the kinetic energy in
the form of motor torque, generated by a motor, into
hydraulic energy through the flow of oil generated by
the pump.

Grease: grasa/Grease is a semi-solid lubricant. In

general, the fat consists of a soap emulsified with
mineral or vegetable oil.

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Grind: triturar/ It applies to an operation or a group
of mechanical operations (wet or dry) whose objective is
the subsequent reduction of large pieces of rock into
smaller fragments.

Grounding: Toma de tierra/ It is the connection of

the conductive surfaces exposed to some non-energized
point; commonly it is the land on which the construction
rests.

Gripping pliers: Alicates de agarre/ It is mainly

used to hold parts for riveting, welding, grinding and
other machining, and can also be used as a wrench.

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Hydraulics:
H
hidráulica/Hydraulics is the branch of physics that
studies the behavior of liquids based on their specific properties

Hacksaw: sierra/ Tool used to cut wood or other materials.

Heat sink: disipador de calor/It is a device capable of transforming

the mechanical energy of an element into heat energy through friction
or friction.

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Hammer: Martillo/The hammer is a percussion tool
used to directly or indirectly strike a part.

Handspike: Palanca/It is a simple machine whose

function is to transmit force and displacement.

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Injection:
I
Inyección/It is a system that regulates the
delivery of fuel to the intake manifold or to the cylinders
through mechanical systems, such as a probe plate for the
intake air, the pressure of the gasoline to control the flow.

injection valve: Válvula de inyección/The pressure is kept

constant by means of a relief valve that returns excess fuel to
the tank. The fuel supply is regulated by means of a rotor or
cylinder, driven by the engine.

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Induction coil: Bobina de inducción/The induction coil is a
type of electrical transformer that allows high voltage pulses
to be generated from a low voltage direct current source.

Iron: Hierro/Object or instrument made of this metal or a

similar one.

Input shaft: eje de entrada/ It is a constructive element

designed to guide the rotational movement of a part or a set
of parts, such as a wheel or a gear.

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 K
Knife blade fuse:Fusible de hoja de cuchillo/It is designed with
a metallic element and a transparent insulation apparatus that is
colored to determine the current classification.

Key: llave/They are the manual tools used to tighten screwed

elements with screws.

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Lathe:Torno/Set
L
of machines and tools that allow machining,
threading, cutting, boring, turning, roughing and grooving parts
geometrically per revolution.

Leakage:Filtración/It consists of physically retaining all the

particles, large and small, that are in suspension.

Locknut: tuerca de bloqueo/Easily fix the spindle shaft to the

bracket with great precision. It includes a safety mechanism that
includes a screw as a stop with a hexagonal hole in the head and a
piece that prevents the locking nut from being released,
guaranteeing a secure fixation.
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Lockwasher:Arandela de traba/It is an accessory to the
cuff, but it also has its own application. Its function is to lock
the nut, preventing it from loosening from the sleeve or
from its own shaft.

Lubrication:Lubricación/It is the process or technique

used to reduce friction between two surfaces that are very
close

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Machine:Máquina/A
M
machine is a set of mobile and fixed
elements whose operation makes it possible to harness, direct,
regulate or transform energy, or carry out work for a specific
purpose.

Mechanics:Mecánica/Technique of inventing, building,

fixing or operating machines.
Mounting:Montaje/Installation, alignment and calibration
of process equipment, coatings, insulation and refractories,
together with all the metallic support structures to
constitute the new plants.

Moving coil galvanometer:Galvanómetro de bobina

móvil/Electric current detector.

Mini Excavator:Miniexcavadora/ Self-propelled

machines on wheels, chains or supports
 N
Negatif ground: Conexión a tierra/Connection of
exposed conductive surfaces to some non-energized point.

Nut:Tuerca/Generally metallic piece, with four or six

sides, with a circular hole in the center carved in a helical
shape that fits the thread of a screw to fix it.
Nut weld: Tuerca soldada/ It is a pressure forged steel
plate nut that is dedicated to sheet metal section welding
applications.

Nut wing: Tuerca de mariposa/ It is a type of nut that

contains two metal wings on each side that form an angle of
180 °

Nipple:Conexión/It is done by pressure and tightening and

the resulting bond is contact.

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Oil pump:
O
Bomba de aceite/The oil pump in an internal
combustion engine conducts engine oil in a pressurized circuit,
lubricating pistons and cylinder liners of the engine.

Output shaft: eje de salida/This shaft supports from the

first to the fifth wheel, as well as a synchronized or also called
synchronous mechanism connection mechanism that supports
each transmission wheel.

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Outside diameter: diámetro exterior/It is the
diameter of the circumference that limits the outside of
the gear.

Oxigen:Oxígeno/Capable of improving productivity and

is used to increase combustion in glass baking and to
reduce NOx emissions.

Open en wrench: Llave española /It is a hand tool for

the assembly and maintenance of machinery. This tool is
a steel bar that at its ends.

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Panhard rod:Vástago
P
Panhard/It is a simple mechanism,
which allows vertical movements and prevents the transversal
of the wheels and the axle of cars.

Peen hammer: Martillo de bola/It is a combination

percussion tool made of steel and a wood or fiber handle, with
a cylindrical head and a flat striking surface. Its surface is
rounded at one end of the head, which is used to shape or rivet
metal and a flat surface to strike at the other.

Pinion:Piñón/Wheel of a rack mechanism or to the smallest

wheel of a pair of sprockets, either in a direct gear drive or
indirectly through a chain drive or toothed drive belt
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Pivot:Pivote/Cylindrical or pointed end of a piece, where
another is supported or inserted, either with a fixed
character or in such a way that one of them can rotate or
oscillate easily with respect to the other.

Pliers:Pinzas/ It is used to manipulate, bend or hold all

kinds of metal parts made of different materials.

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QC Bucket:
Q
cucharón de acople rápido/They allow one
person to change attachments in seconds to maximize
performance and flexibility on the job site.

Quenching frequency:Frecuencia de en un
corte/Transmission starts from a certain frequency, the
value of which depends on the geometry, size and
materials of the fiber.

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Radiator:Radiador/A
R
radiator is known as a device that
allows heat to be exchanged between two media, one of which
is ambient air. It is used to dissipate heat from an object or
device to prevent it from overheating or to take advantage of
it, heating a space or an object.

Reduction gear: Engranaje de reducción/It is part of a

mechanical system of gears and shafts used to reduce the
rotational speed of the input shaft to a slower rotational speed
on the output shaft.
Relation:Relación/Rotation of two gears connected to each
other, where one of them exerts force on the other

Relay:Relé/ Electromagnetic device that, stimulated by a very

weak electrical current, opens or closes a circuit in which a
greater power is dissipated than in the stimulator circuit.

Repair kit: Conjunto de repuestos/It is a part that is used to

replace the original ones a rotating reserve is a set of
repairable spare parts inventory that is reserved to allow
multiple re-stocking
Sawtooth voltage:Tensión
S
en diente de sierra/
Triangular signal with a descending ramp that is much
steeper than the ascending ramp.

Scraper bowl:Caja de la traílla/Trailed consists of a box

mounted on two axles with tires; a tag axle at the rear and
an axle, with tiller and steering, at the front.

Scraper engine: Motor de la traílla/ They are single

motor open cup and tandem motor, pull and push with
tandem motor and lift.
Scraper transmission:Transmisión de la traílla/ They use
the drive knob to increase the cutting torque. The fixed
position of the transmission maintains the control of the
converter to maximize the pulling force or the current gear
for the best control.

Seal lip type:Sello tipo de labio/

It is to exclude contaminants while retaining the lubricant

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 T
Tensioning cylinder: cilindro tensor/To tighten or
loosen the belt, first operate the hydraulic cylinder at
the desired pressure to release the load from the
tensioner frame bolt.

Tapered roller bearing:Cojinete de rodillos

cónicos/ They are bearings that are composed of an
outer ring and a set of cage and rollers, characterized
by the absence of an inner cone.

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Thumbscrew:Tornillo de mano/It is a manual tool that
serves to firmly hold two or more pieces that are going to be
machined or glued together.

Tilt cylinder:Cilindro de inclinación/ They are mechanisms

that consist of a cylinder inside which a plunger or piston
moves, and that transforms the pressure of a liquid.

Track bushing: Buje de carril/Suspension and Steering

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 U
Underpower relay:Relé de baja carga/Also called a
relay, it is an electrical device that operates like a switch. In
this way, it opens and closes the passage of charge or
current.

Unswitched outlet: salida no conmutada/It measures

the output voltage of the source, and modifies the signal
delivered to the transistor, to regulate the voltage and keep
the output stable.

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 V
Valve tire:Válvula neumático/They are the devices
that direct and regulate compressed air; govern the
outlet and inlet, closing or enabling, direction,
pressure and flow of compressed air.

Valve rotator:Rotador de válvulas/They are

important components of cylinder heads, which are
located on top of the cylinder block, so that they
function as a seal for the upper part of the cylinder
and form the combustion chamber.
Variable capacitor:Capacitor regulable/Whose
capacity can be intentionally modified mechanically or
electronically. They are capacitors provided with a
mechanism that have an adjustable capacity between
different values ​to choose from, or they have a variable
capacity within large limits.

Vibration damper: Amortiguador de vibración/It is

an instrument that reduces the effects of vibrations. A
shock absorber includes anti-vibration bases and
prevents the propagation of vibrations in the system.

Variable capacitor: Capacitor regulable/

Intentionally modified mechanically or electronically.
 W
Washer: Arandela/Thin piece, generally circular and with
a hole in the center, which serves to keep a nut or bolt
tight, to ensure the hermetic closure of a joint or to avoid
friction between two pieces.

Wave trap:Selector de ondas/It uses absorption or

constructive interference to control the range of selected
wavelengths.

Welds:Soldaduras/Welding is a fixing process in which

two or more pieces of a material are joined together,
usually achieved through coalescence, in which the pieces
are welded by melting.
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Wing nut:Tuerca de mariposa/Nut with two wings that
project upwards that allows manipulation by hand. Also
called apricot nut, wing nut. Also called a lock nut.

Wrap around tie bars:Barras de unión

envolventes/Separated by a bar from the number of full-
range channels next to the listener

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 Y
Y connection:Conexión estrella/The star connection is
designated by the letter Y. It is achieved by joining the
negative terminals of the three coils at a common point.

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 Z
Zigzag connection:Conexión en zigzag/It is a
transformer star connection of the phase windings
of a polyphase transformer or of the winding of
single-phase transformers, the windings of which are
each made up of several parts