Optimisation of unconstrained functions

1) Find the stationary values of the following functions and determine their nature using Hessian
matrix.

a) 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 + 5𝑥 − 5𝑦 + 3
b) 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥 3 − 6𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 3
c) 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥 3 − 15𝑥 2 − 20𝑦 2 + 5
d) 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )2 − 8(𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 )

Answer
a) (-5,5) MINIMUM
b) (2,2) MINIMUM, (0,0) SADDLE, (2, -2) SADDLE
c) (0,0) MAXIMUM and (10,0) SADDLE
d) (0,0) MAXIMUM, (2,0) MINIMUM and (-2,0) MINIMUM