Uniliteral signs[edit]

Uniliteral signs
Phonetic values per
Sign Traditional transliteration
Allen (2000)

Sign Old
Hierogly Transcripti Middle
Colou Depiction Say Notes Egypti
ph on Egyptian
r an

Called alef or ham

Egyptian /l/ or / Silent, /j/,
--- ꜣ (3) a za,
vulture ɾ/ and /ʔ/
a glottal stop

an initial or
Flowering
Green i Called iod final vowel;
reed
sometimes /j/

Pair of
Green
reeds

No
Pair of y y Called yod or y /j/
record
strokes
Blue
or river

(?)

/ʕ/;

/d/ perhaps
aa/
Red Forearm ꜥ (ʾ) Called aayin ?[13] retained in
ā
some words

and dialects

quail

chick or

its
or Yellow w w/u Called wau /w/ ~ /u/
hieratic

abbreviati

on

Red Lower leg b b/v /b/ ~ /β/

Reed mat or
Green p p aspirated /pʰ/
stool

horned
Yellow f f /f/
viper
 Uniliteral signs
Phonetic values per
Sign Traditional transliteration
Allen (2000)

Sign Old
Hierogly Transcripti Middle
Colou Depiction Say Notes Egypti
ph on Egyptian
r an

Yellow owl m m /m/

/n/,
ripple of
Blue n n /n/ sometimes /l
water
/

/ɾ/,

sometimes /l

Human mout /l/ or / /

Red r r/l
h ɾ/ (always /l/

in some

dialects)

reed
Blue h h /h/
shelter

An emphatic h,

twisted a voiceless
Green ḥ ḥ /ħ/
wick pharyngeal

fricative

Sieve or
Green ḫ x a voiceless velar /x/
placenta
fricative

Animal A softer sound,

--- belly and ẖ x a voiceless /ç/

tail palatal fricative

folded Old Egyptian sound

Red s ś for
/s/
cloth
"door bolt" is
/s/
unknown,
Red door bolt z z/s but perhaps /z/

was z or th

or
Blue Garden pool š sh /ʃ/

or
 Uniliteral signs
Phonetic values per
Sign Traditional transliteration
Allen (2000)

Sign Old
Hierogly Transcripti Middle
Colou Depiction Say Notes Egypti
ph on Egyptian
r an

An emphatic k,

Blue Hill slope ḳ or q q' a voiceless uvular ejective /qʼ/

plosive

aspirated /kʰ/
Basket with
Green k k in some
handle
words, palatalized /kʲ/

Red jar stand g g ejective /kʼ/

Blue bread loaf t t' aspirated /tʰ/

tethering
As in palatalized /t / or /
Green rope or ṯ or tj ch
English church t /
hobble

Red hand d d ejective /tʼ/

ejective /t / or /t
Yellow Cobra ḏ or dj j As in English judge
/

Gardiner[14] lists several variations:

Uniliteral signs
Traditional transliter
Sign Notes
ation

Bag of linen g Appears in a few older words

Possibly a finger m Originally biliteral m

crown of Lower Originally ideogram nt for 'crown of

n
Egypt (the Deshret) Lower Egypt'

Pestle t Originally biliteral t

See also[edit]
 List of Egyptian hieroglyphs

 Egyptian biliteral signs

 Egyptian triliteral signs

References[edit]
Citations[edit]
1. ^ Jump up to:a b E. Edel, Altäqyptische Grammatik, Analecta Orientalia 34, 39, Rome (1955, 1964).

2. ^ Carsten Peust, Egyptian Phonology: Introduction to the Phonology of a Dead Language (Göttingen, 1999), 127.

3. ^ Peust, Egyptian Phonology, p. 50, 99ff.

4. ^ Everson, Michael. Proposal to add 6 Egyptological characters to the UCS, 2000-08-27

5. ^ Everson, Michael and Bob Richmond, EGYPTOLOGICAL YOD and Cyrillic breathing, 2008-04-08

6. ^ Everson, Michael, Proposal to encode Egyptological Yod and similar characters in the UCS, 2008-08-04

7. ^ Michel Suignard, Proposal to encode Egyptological Yod and similar characters in the UCS, 2017-05-09 (cf. the

later 2008 proposal).

8. ^ List Egyptian - Egyptian Hieroglyphs in the

UCShttp://evertype.com/pipermail/egyptian_evertype.com/2017-June/thread.html.

9. ^ Supported by the fonts Junicode and New Athena

Unicodehttp://ucbclassics.dreamhosters.com/djm/greekkeys/NAUdownload.html

10. ^ Glossing Ancient Languages contributors, “Unicode,” in Glossing Ancient Languages, ed. Daniel A. Werning

(Berlin: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 6 July 2018, 07:57

UTC), https://wikis.hu-berlin.de/interlinear_glossing/index.php?title=Unicode&oldid=1097(accessed July 6,

2018).

11. ^ Jump up to:a b See IFAO - Polices de

caractères http://www.ifao.egnet.net/publications/publier/outils-ed/polices/.

12. ^ Carsten Peust (1999), Egyptian Phonology - Ch. 2.6.2

13. ^ called "ayin" in analogy with Semitic ayin (a voiced pharyngeal fricative), but not necessarily representing

the same sound (Semitic ayin tended to be transcribed by Egyptian h, and "Egyptian ayin" was "much

softer": Albright, William F. (1990). Yahweh and the Gods of Canaan: A Historical Analysis of Two Contrasting

Faiths. Eisenbrauns. p. 57. ISBN 978-0-931464-01-0.)

14. ^ Gardiner, Sir Alan H. (1973). Egyptian Grammar, 3rd. Ed. The Griffith Institute. p. 27. ISBN 0-900416-35-1.

Bibliography[edit]

 Allen, James Paul. 2000. Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of
Hieroglyphs. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

 Buurman, Jan, Nicolas-Christophe Grimal, Michael Hainsworth, Jochen Hallof, and Dirk van der
Plas. 1988. Inventaire des signes hiéroglyphiques en vue de leur saisie informatique: Manuel de

codage des textes hiéroglyphiques en vue de leur saisie sur ordinateur. 3rd ed. Informatique et

Égyptologie 2. Mémoires de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belle-Lettres (Nouvelle Série) 8. Paris:

Institut de France.
 Erman, Adolf, and Hermann Grapow, eds. 1926–1953. Wörterbuch der aegyptischen Sprache im
Auftrage der deutschen Akademien. 6 vols. Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs'schen Buchhandlungen. (Reprinted

Berlin: Akademie-Verlag GmbH, 1971).

 Gardiner, Alan Henderson. 1957. Egyptian Grammar; Being an Introduction to the Study of
Hieroglyphs. 3rd ed. Oxford: Griffith Institute.

 Hannig, Rainer. 1995. Großes Handwörterbuch Ägyptisch–Deutsch: die Sprache der Pharaonen
(2800–950 v. Chr.). Kulturgeschichte der antiken Welt 64 (Hannig-Lexica 1). Mainz am Rhein: Verlag

Philipp von Zabern.

 Schenkel, Wolfgang. 1990. Einführung in die altägyptische Sprachwissenschaft.

Orientalistische Einführungen. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft.

 Schneider, Thomas. 2003. "Etymologische Methode, die Historizität der Phoneme und das
ägyptologische Transkriptionsalphabet." Lingua aegyptia: Journal of Egyptian Language

Studies 11:187–199.