9955 default propagation models recommended for

700MHz up to 2600 MHz frequency bands

Copyright 2010 Alcatel-Lucent, All Rights Reserved

ALCATEL-LUCENT CONFIDENTIAL

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The content of this document is provided for information purposes only and is subject to modification. It does not
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without notice. Alcatel-Lucent assumes no responsibility for errors that might appear in t.All other brand and

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PUBLICATION HISTORY
6/APR/2009
First release

Pierre Sabatier
23/FEB/2010
Update of the document with the 2300MHz default propagation model

Pierre Sabatier, Andrei Oana

2/APR/2010
Update of the document with the 700MHz and 2600MHz default propagation models

Pierre Sabatier, Andrei Oana

26/AUG/2010
Update of the document for 700/800MHz default propagation model

Pierre Sabatier, Andrei Oana

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9955 default propagation models recommended for 700MHz up to 2600MHz
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 6

2. CLUTTERS IDENTIFICATIONS ................................................................................................... 7

3. DEFAULT PROPAGATION MODELS RECOMMENDED ........................................................... 8

3.1. 700/800 MHZ.......................................................................................................................... 8
3.1.1 Dense urban / urban model (DU/U model)..................................................................... 8
3.1.2 SuBurban / Rural model (SU/RU model) ..................................................................... 10
3.2. 900 MHZ ............................................................................................................................... 11
3.2.1 Dense urban / urban model (DU/U model)................................................................... 11
3.2.2 SuBurban / Rural model (SU/RU model) ..................................................................... 13
3.3. 1800 MHZ............................................................................................................................. 14
3.3.1 Dense urban / urban model (DU/U model)................................................................... 14
3.3.2 SuBurban / Rural model (SU/RU model) ..................................................................... 16
3.4. 2100 MHZ............................................................................................................................. 17
3.4.1 Dense urban / urban model (DU/U model)................................................................... 17
3.4.2 SuBurban / Rural model (SU/RU model) ..................................................................... 19
3.5. 2300 MHZ............................................................................................................................. 20
3.5.1 Dense urban / urban model (DU/U model)................................................................... 20
3.5.2 SuBurban / Rural model (SU/RU model) ..................................................................... 22
3.6. 2600 MHZ............................................................................................................................. 23
3.6.1 Dense urban / urban model (DU/U model)................................................................... 23
3.6.2 SuBurban / Rural model (SU/RU model) ..................................................................... 25

4. DEFAULT MODELS PERFORMANCES.................................................................................... 27

4.1. 900MHZ ............................................................................................................................... 27
4.1.1 france............................................................................................................................ 27
4.1.2 TAIWAN........................................................................................................................ 28
4.1.3 Lisbon and suburbs (portugal) ..................................................................................... 28
4.1.4 romania......................................................................................................................... 29
whole country: ........................................................................................................................................... 29
Bucarest: .................................................................................................................................................... 29
4.2. 1800MHZ ............................................................................................................................. 30
4.2.1 ITALY............................................................................................................................ 30
4.2.2 TAIWAN........................................................................................................................ 30
4.2.3 Lisbon and suburbs (portugal) ..................................................................................... 31
4.2.4 BUDAPEST AND SUBURBS (HUNGARY) ................................................................. 31
4.3. 2100MHZ ............................................................................................................................. 32
4.3.1 FRANCE....................................................................................................................... 32
4.3.2 BELGIUM ..................................................................................................................... 32

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4.3.3 PRAGA ......................................................................................................................... 33

4.3.4 MONTEVIDEO AND SUBURBS (URUGUAY)............................................................. 33
4.3.5 VANCOUVER AND SUBURBS (CANADA) ................................................................. 34
DENSE URBAN AREA............................................................................................................................ 34
SUBURBAN AREA.................................................................................................................................. 34

5. SUMMARY .................................................................................................................................. 35

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1. INTRODUCTION
The propagation model tuning is absolutely necessary during the roll out phase to ensure and
secure a RF design network, and it should be done everytime.
Anyway in some cases the delay imposes is too short to do some correct CW measurements, and
a propagation model calibration. For those cases we recommend to use the propagation model
parameters presented in this document and detailed for each frequencies.

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2. CLUTTERS IDENTIFICATIONS
A propagation model parameter setting is essentially linked to the clutter types specified in the
clutter databases. Below a table where the main clutter types used by Alcatel-lucent, and the
definition corresponding to each.
Clutter name Description
Not classified no data or edge of database
Isolated high buildings separated by large streets, generally
Buildings situated in suburb.
Suburban or dense individual or
residential high 2-4 stories buildings close together
Residential or mean individual 1-2 stories houses with garden surrounding cities
Village 1-2 stories houses in rural areas
Rural Wide area with agriculture and isolated farm
Industrial Factories, warehouse, garages, shopping centers, offices, airports
Open in urban streets and open places in Dense urban /urban areas
Forest All kind of forest inside or outside a city
Parks All kind of green areas inside a city with low trees density
Open area normally outside a city, but some manufacturer use it
Open also in place of open in urban
Water, inland water Lakes, rivers, sea
Block of two or three buildings separated by large streets or
Blockbuildings avenue generally situated in suburb.
High density of 8-20 stories buildings, generally in the city center or
Dense blockbuildings business quarter
Dense urban High density of 6-15 stories buildings, generally in the city center
Mean urban or mean collective Hign density of 4-6 stories buildings, generally in the city center

Warning :
The description linked to each clutter is very important, and a verification should be done each time
a database is used, by using google earth. This verification is highly recommended because as
clutter identification is done manually, some geographical database manufacturer can use different
criteria to identify clutter types or can identify criteria relatively for each country.
Example:
France dense urban corresponds to buildings above 6 stories;
Morocco dense urban corresponds to buildings higher than 4 stories

In the part below the propagation model clutter losses are detailed, the clutter losses are linked to
the description of the clutter type done previously, not to the name, so the user must ensure that
dense urban clutter is corresponding to the same description that we have done

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3. DEFAULT PROPAGATION MODELS

RECOMMENDED
In this part the propagation model settings are detailed. The approach is to specify a propagation
model for Dense urban / urban areas, and a propagation model for suburban/ rural areas.
For each frequency these two propagation models have different slopes as it depends on the
surrounding environments. Also different clutter losses have been specified for these two models,
essentially for open clutter type as it is mentioned previously, and based on databases used, it can
be defined as rural open areas, but also a wide open area in the middle of a city.

3.1. 700/800 MHZ

3.1.1 DENSE URBAN / URBAN MODEL (DU/U MODEL)
This propagation model is an extension of the default 900 MHz DU/U model and can be applied
on all the transmitters positioned and surrounded by the following clutters whose definition
corresponds to one specified in part 2.
Dense urban
Mean urban
Blockbuildings
Dense blockbuildings
Buildings
Blockbuildings

In case of a transmitter positioned in one of those clutter but whose coverage area is essentially on
suburban, industrial or rural clutter types, the default model recommended is the one detailed in
3.1.2.

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Clutter losses for model

Clutter name DU/U at 700/800MHz
Not classified
Buildings 0
Suburban =dense individual= residential high -3
Residential = mean individual -4.5
Village -9
Rural -12
Industrial -4.5
Open in urban -1
Forest -2
Parks -7
Open -5
Water, inland water -15
Blockbuildings 1
Dense blockbuildings 2
Dense urban 1.5
Mean urban or mean collective -1

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3.1.2 SUBURBAN / RURAL MODEL (SU/RU MODEL)

This propagation model is an extension of the default 900 MHz SU/RU model and can be applied
on all the transmitters positioned and surrounded by the following clutters whose definition
corresponds to one specified in part 2.
Suburban
Residential
Village
Forest
Open
Any clutter where buildings height is lower than 5 stories even if it is named
“dense urban” by geo database manufacturer

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Clutter losses for

SU/RU model at
Clutter name 700/800MHz
Not classified
Buildings 0
Suburban or dense individual or residential high -3
Residential or mean individual -4.5
Village -9
Rural -12
Industrial -4.5
Open in urban -1
Forest -2
Parks -7
Open -12
Water, inland water -15
Blockbuildings 1
Dense blockbuildings 2
Dense urban 1.5
Mean urban or mean collective -1

3.2. 900 MHZ

3.2.1 DENSE URBAN / URBAN MODEL (DU/U MODEL)
This propagation model can be applied on all the transmitters positioned and surrounded by the
following clutters whose definition corresponds to one specified in part 2.
Dense urban
Mean urban
Blockbuildings
Dense blockbuildings
Buildings
Blockbuildings

In case of a transmitter positioned in one of those clutter but whose coverage area is essentially on
suburban, industrial or rural clutter types, the default model recommended is the one detailed in
3.1.2.

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Clutter losses for model

Clutter name DU/U at 900MHz
Not classified
Buildings 0
Suburban =dense individual= residential high -3
Residential = mean individual -4.5
Village -9
Rural -12
Industrial -4.5
Open in urban -1
Forest -2
Parks -7
Open -5
Water, inland water -15
Blockbuildings 1
Dense blockbuildings 2
Dense urban 1.5
Mean urban or mean collective -1

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3.2.2 SUBURBAN / RURAL MODEL (SU/RU MODEL)

This propagation model can be applied on all the transmitters positioned and surrounded by the
following clutters whose definition corresponds to one specified in part 2.
Suburban
Residential
Village
Forest
Open
Any clutter where buildings height is lower than 5 stories even if it is named
“dense urban” by geo database manufacturer

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Clutter losses for

Clutter name SU/RU model at 900MHz
Not classified
Buildings 0
Suburban or dense individual or residential high -3
Residential or mean individual -4.5
Village -9
Rural -12
Industrial -4.5
Open in urban -1
Forest -2
Parks -7
Open -12
Water, inland water -15
Blockbuildings 1
Dense blockbuildings 2
Dense urban 1.5
Mean urban or mean collective -1

3.3. 1800 MHZ

3.3.1 DENSE URBAN / URBAN MODEL (DU/U MODEL)
This propagation model can be applied on all the transmitters positioned and surrounded by the
following clutters whose definition corresponds to one specified in part 2.
Dense urban
Mean urban
Blockbuildings
Dense blockbuildings
Buildings
Blockbuildings
In case of a transmitter positioned in one of those clutter but whose coverage area is essentially on
suburban, industrial or rural clutter types, the default model recommended is the one detailed in
3.2.2.

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Clutter losses for

Clutter name DU/U model at 1800MHz
Not classified
Buildings 0
Suburban =dense individual= residential high -4
Residential = mean individual -5
Village -10
Rural -12.5
Industrial -6.5
Open in urban -3
Forest -4
Parks -8.5
Open -5.5
Water, inland water -16.5
Blockbuildings -1.5
Dense blockbuildings 1
Dense urban 0
Mean urban or mean collective -2.5

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3.3.2 SUBURBAN / RURAL MODEL (SU/RU MODEL)

This propagation model can be applied on all the transmitters positioned and surrounded by the
following clutters whose definition corresponds to one specified in part 2.
Suburban
Residential
Village
Forest
Open
Any clutter where buildings height is lower than 5 stories even if it is
named “dense urban” by geo database manufacturer

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Clutter losses for

Clutter name SU/RU model at 1800MHz
Not classified
Buildings 0
Suburban or dense individual or residential high -4
Residential or mean individual -5
Village -10.5
Rural -12.5
Industrial -6.5
Open in urban -3
Forest -4
Parks -8.5
Open -12.5
Water, inland water -16.5
Blockbuildings -1.5
Dense blockbuildings 1
Dense urban 0
Mean urban or mean collective -2.5

3.4. 2100 MHZ

3.4.1 DENSE URBAN / URBAN MODEL (DU/U MODEL)
This propagation model can be applied on all the transmitters positioned and surrounded by the
following clutters whose definition corresponds to one specified in part 2.
Dense urban
Mean urban
Blockbuildings
Dense blockbuildings
Buildings
Blockbuildings

In case of a transmitter positioned in one of those clutter but whose coverage area is essentially on
suburban, industrial or rural clutter types, the default model recommended is the one detailed in
3.3.2.

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Clutter losses for

Clutter name DU/U model at 2100MHz
Not classified
Buildings 0
Suburban =dense individual= residential high -2
Residential = mean individual -3
Village -9
Rural -11
Industrial -5
Open in urban -1
Forest -2
Parks -7
Open -4
Water, inland water -15
Blockbuildings 1
Dense blockbuildings 4
Dense urban 3
Mean urban or mean collective 0

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3.4.2 SUBURBAN / RURAL MODEL (SU/RU MODEL)

This propagation model can be applied on all the transmitters positioned and surrounded by the
following clutters whose definition corresponds to one specified in part 2.
Suburban
Residential
Village
Forest
Open
Any clutter where buildings height is lower than 5 stories even if it is named
“dense urban” by geo database manufacturer

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Clutter losses for

Clutter name SU/RU model at 2100MHz
Not classified
Buildings 0
Suburban or dense individual or residential high -2
Residential or mean individual -3
Village -9
Rural -11
Industrial -5
Open in urban -1
Forest -2
Parks -7
Open -11
Water, inland water -15
Blockbuildings 1
Dense blockbuildings 4
Dense urban 3
Mean urban or mean collective 0

3.5. 2300 MHZ

3.5.1 DENSE URBAN / URBAN MODEL (DU/U MODEL)
This propagation model is an extension of the default 2100 MHz DU/U model and can be applied
on all the transmitters positioned and surrounded by the following clutters whose definition
corresponds to one specified in part 2.
Dense urban
Mean urban
Blockbuildings
Dense blockbuildings
Buildings
Blockbuildings

In case of a transmitter positioned in one of those clutter but whose coverage area is essentially on
suburban, industrial or rural clutter types, the default model recommended is the one detailed in
3.3.2.

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Clutter losses for

Clutter name DU/U model at 2300MHz
Not classified
Buildings 0
Suburban =dense individual= residential high -2
Residential = mean individual -3
Village -9
Rural -11
Industrial -5
Open in urban -1
Forest -2
Parks -7
Open -4
Water, inland water -15
Blockbuildings 1
Dense blockbuildings 4
Dense urban 3
Mean urban or mean collective 0

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3.5.2 SUBURBAN / RURAL MODEL (SU/RU MODEL)

This propagation model is an extension of the default 2100 MHz SU/RU model and can be applied
on all the transmitters positioned and surrounded by the following clutters whose definition
corresponds to one specified in part 2.
Suburban
Residential
Village
Forest
Open
Any clutter where buildings height is lower than 5 stories even if it is named
“dense urban” by geo database manufacturer

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Clutter losses for

Clutter name SU/RU model at 2300MHz
Not classified
Buildings 0
Suburban or dense individual or residential high -2
Residential or mean individual -3
Village -9
Rural -11
Industrial -5
Open in urban -1
Forest -2
Parks -7
Open -11
Water, inland water -15
Blockbuildings 1
Dense blockbuildings 4
Dense urban 3
Mean urban or mean collective 0

3.6. 2600 MHZ

3.6.1 DENSE URBAN / URBAN MODEL (DU/U MODEL)
This propagation model can be applied on all the transmitters positioned and surrounded by the
following clutters whose definition corresponds to one specified in part 2.
Dense urban
Mean urban
Blockbuildings
Dense blockbuildings
Buildings
Blockbuildings

In case of a transmitter positioned in one of those clutter but whose coverage area is essentially on
suburban, industrial or rural clutter types, the default model recommended is the one detailed in
3.1.2.

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Clutter losses for model

Clutter name DU/U at 2600MHz
Not classified
Buildings 0
Suburban =dense individual= residential high -2
Residential = mean individual -3
Village -9
Rural -11
Industrial -5
Open in urban -1
Forest -2
Parks -7
Open -4
Water, inland water -15
Blockbuildings 1
Dense blockbuildings 4
Dense urban 3
Mean urban or mean collective 0

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3.6.2 SUBURBAN / RURAL MODEL (SU/RU MODEL)

This propagation model can be applied on all the transmitters positioned and surrounded by the
following clutters whose definition corresponds to one specified in part 2.
Suburban
Residential
Village
Forest
Open
Any clutter where buildings height is lower than 5 stories even if it is named
“dense urban” by geo database manufacturer

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Clutter losses for

SU/RU model at
Clutter name 2600MHz
Not classified
Buildings 0
Suburban or dense individual or residential high -2
Residential or mean individual -3
Village -9
Rural -11
Industrial -5
Open in urban -1
Forest -2
Parks -7
Open -11
Water, inland water -15
Blockbuildings 1
Dense blockbuildings 4
Dense urban 3
Mean urban or mean collective 0

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4. DEFAULT MODELS PERFORMANCES

This part detailed the performances of the different new recommended default models on different
countries or cities around the world where we have good CW measurements, in order to show the
range of error of this model.

4.1. 900MHZ

4.1.1 FRANCE
CW Measurements done in 7 main characteristic cities

New default models

suggested

Samples <ERR> σ

Global 145277 1 7.4

100-500m 17532 1 8

500m-1km 32289 -0.5 7.6

1km-2km 46168 1.5 7.4

2km-3km 26062 1.4 6.6

3km-5km 19097 1.2 7.5

5km-10km 4129 0.7 7.8

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4.1.2 TAIWAN
CW Measurements done in 3 main characteristic cities, and in suburban

New default models

suggested

Samples <ERR> σ

Global 34546 -1.4 7.3

100-500m 3631 -1.1 8.7

500m-1km 7388 -2.5 7.2

1km-2km 13390 -1.2 6.6

2km-3km 6320 -1 7.7

3km-5km 4190 -1.1 7.2

5km-10km 836 -1.5 6.3

4.1.3 LISBON AND SUBURBS (PORTUGAL)

New default models

suggested

Samples <ERR> σ

Global 664254 -0.4 8.7

100-500m 4159 -0.1 9.5

500m-1km 9424 -1.1 9.1

1km-2km 19621 -0.3 8.6

2km-3km 12445 1.2 8.6

3km-5km 15477 -1 8.4

5km-10km 5298 -1.3 7.5

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4.1.4 ROMANIA

WHOLE COUNTRY:

CW measurement done in Bucharest, Timisoara, Craiova, Galati, Brasov

50m database used

New default models

suggested

Samples <ERR> σ

Global 78197 -1.4 8.7

100-500m 3713 -1.6 9.4

500m-1km 8049 -1.7 9.3

1km-2km 20187 -1.7 8.2

2km-3km 16727 -2.2 7.4

3km-5km 18816 -2 8.3

5km-10km 10705 -0.7 10

BUCAREST:

20m database used, whose clutter type are not the same than the whole country, so no
possibility to combine them, for a same study.

New default models

suggested
Samples <ERR> σ

Global 38510 -0.7 7.4

100-500m 2057 -1.8 8

500m-1km 4651 -1.3 7.8

1km-2km 11431 -0.3 7.4

2km-3km 9340 -0.9 6.8

3km-5km -0.8 7.1

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4.2. 1800MHZ

4.2.1 ITALY
Measurements done in Rome, Naples,
New default models
suggested

Samples <ERR> σ

Global 33789 0.5 8.3

100-500m 7178 -1.5 8.2

500m-1km 16514 1.3 8.4

1km-2km 9514 2.1 7.8

2km-3km 516 1.4 5

4.2.2 TAIWAN
CW Measurements done in 3 main cities, and in suburban

New default models

suggested
Samples <ERR> σ

Global 57694 -0.4 7.4

100-500m 2195 -3 8.2

500m-1km 14568 -1 7.3

1km-2km 24798 0.7 7.1

2km-3km 7846 -0.1 8.2

3km-5km 7433 -0.4 7.

5km-10km 1181 -3 7

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4.2.3 LISBON AND SUBURBS (PORTUGAL)

New default models

suggested
Samples <ERR> σ

Global 44319 -0.2 8.1

400m-1km 5356 -1.6 8.7

1km-2km 13054 -0.4 8.6

2km-3km 11058 0.3 7.9

3km-5km 13262 -0.1 7.3

5km-10km 1539 -1.5 7.2

4.2.4 BUDAPEST AND SUBURBS (HUNGARY)

New default models

suggested

Samples <ERR> σ

Global 30605 1 7.4

100-500m 7483 -1.2 8.6

500m-1km 10342 1.4 6.5

1km-2km 10883 2 7.2

2km-3km 1897 1.2 5

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4.3. 2100MHZ

4.3.1 FRANCE
Measurements done on 7 cities
New default models
suggested

Samples <ERR> σ

Global 171864 0.6 7.4

100-500m 23341 -0.3 8.4

500m-1km 45512 1.5 7.5

1km-2km 60177 1.3 6.7

2km-3km 27269 0.5 7

3km-5km 12280 -0.9 6.6

5km-10km 3285 -2.8 7.2

4.3.2 BELGIUM
CW Measurements done in 3 main cities, and in suburban

New default models

suggested
Samples <ERR> σ

Global 67802 -0.6 8.5

100-500m 7747 1.5 6.8

500m-1km 20490 1 7.9

1km-2km 28292 -1 8.2

2km-3km 8315 -0.5 8.2

3km-5km 2958 -1.2 7.9

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4.3.3 PRAGA

New default models

suggested
Samples <ERR> σ

Global 19326 1 8.4

100m-500m 4151 -0.8 8.5

500m-1km 9716 1.9 8.2

1km-2km 5300 1.6 7

4.3.4 MONTEVIDEO AND SUBURBS (URUGUAY)

New default models

suggested

Samples <ERR> σ

Global 96465 -0.6 7.6

100-500m 11942 -2 7.4

500m-1km 27079 1 8

1km-2km 43305 -0.8 7.5

2km-3km 12983 -1.4 7.1

3km-5km 2801 -3 6

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9955 default propagation models recommended for 700MHz up to 2600MHz
frequency bands

4.3.5 VANCOUVER AND SUBURBS (CANADA)

DENSE URBAN AREA

New default models
suggested

Samples <ERR> σ

Global 33260 1 6.8

100-500m 2752 -3 6.8

500m-1km 11044 -1.8 6.3

1km-2km 15300 2 6.4

2km-3km 2838 1.6 7.1

3km-5km 1326 -0.8 7.5

SUBURBAN AREA

New default models

suggested

Samples <ERR> σ

Global 69697 -0.2 7.1

500m-1km 8012 0 7

1km-2km 19876 1.8 7.1

2km-3km 21920 -0.2 7.7

3km-5km 19578 -2 6

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9955 default propagation models recommended for 700MHz up to 2600MHz
frequency bands

5. SUMMARY
Based on the performances detailed previously, the global new model performances are in a range
+/-1dB, but the performances per range of distance can fluctuate around +/-2dB in major part of
cases and up to +/-3dB.
These default models can not be compared to tuned models on a specific area; which should be
better and more precise, that’s why every time it is possible model tuning should be done, instead
of using these default models.
For the other cases where calibration is not possible due to time delay, we recommend to use the
models detailed in this document with a 8dB standard deviation.

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