PANDIT DEENDAYAL PETROLEUM UNIVERSITY

School of Technology, Gandhinagar

Mid Semester examination, September – 2011
B. Tech Semester – I (Branch – Electrical, Industrial & Chemical Engineering)

Course Name/code: Chemistry -HS 102 Date: 14th Sept 2011

Max. Marks: 40 Time: 2 hrs
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Instructions:
1. Do not write anything other than your enrollment number on question paper.
2. Assume suitable data wherever required and mention it clearly.
3. Programmable calculators are not allowed.

Q 1. (a) State the difference between Gross and Net Calorific Value and describe how these (3)
values can be computed theoretically.
(b) Short chain length and more branching of fuel components enhance octane number - (2)
Justify this statement.

Q 2. (a) Describe any three methods internal treatment by which formation of scales can be (3)
prevented in boiler.
(b) Explain the working principle of fuel cell along with the electrochemical reactions (2)
involved.

Q 3. (a) Write short notes on any two of the following: (3)

(i) Permutit process (ii) Breakpoint chlorination (iii) Priming
(b) A sample of municipality water on analysis gave the following results: CaCO3= 26.5 ppm, (2)
Ca(HCO3)2 = 18 ppm , MgSO4= 11.3 ppm, CaSO4= 8.2 ppm, KCl= 20 ppm , MgCl2= 1 ppm,
Fe2O3= 0.08 ppm, SiO2= 1 ppm. Calculate the temporary, permanent and total hardness.
(Mass of C=12, O=16, Mg=24, K=39, Cl=35.5, Ca=40, S=32, Fe=56, Si= 28)

Q 4. (a) Which one of the following is not a primary fuel? (1)

(i) Wood (ii) Natural Gas (iii) Coke (iv) Crude oil
(b) Which of the following is used as fuel in jet engine? (1)
(i) Pterol (ii) Diesel (iii) Kerosene (iv) Power alcohol
(c) Which one of the following compound is better known as Iso-octane? (1)
(i) 2,2,4-trimethyloctane (ii) 2,4-dimethylpentane (iii) 2,4,4-trimethylpentane (iv) 2,2,4-
trimethylpentane
(d) Moderately hard water contains the following quantities of CaCO3 equivalent (1)
(i) 121-180 ppm (ii) 0-60 ppm (iii) 61-120 ppm (iv) 180-240 ppm
(e) Silica present in water is responsible for the following hardness (1)
(i) Temporary (ii) Permanent (iii) Temporary & permanent (iv) None
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Q 5. (a) What is hybridization? Discuss the orbital structure of ethane, ethylene and acetylene. (3)
(b) Explain the structure of water and ammonia. (1)
(c) Indicate the type of hybridization on each atom. (1)
H
O
HO N O
H

N
1 2 3 4
H

Q 6. (a) Explain the following terms with reaction and mechanism: (3)
(i) Nitration of Benzene (ii) Sulfonation of Benzene (iii) Friedel-Crafts Alkylation or
acylation of Benzene
(b) What are Electrophiles and Nucleophiles? Give 3 examples each (2)
OR
What are carbocations, carbanions and carbon free radicals, and how these are formed?

Q 7. (a) What is the characteristic feature for aromatic compounds? Write five examples of (3)
aromatic compounds and explain why it is called aromatic compound
(b) What is the difference between aromatic, non aromatic and anti-aromatic compounds (2)
with two examples each?
OR
What is Huckle rule? Write the structures of five compounds which follow this rule

Q 8. (a) Attempt any five of the following questions: (5)

(i) Explain why the nitro group (-NO2) act as meta-director.
(ii) Explain why the amino group (-NH2) act as ortho-para director
(iii) Explain why toluene is more readily nitrated than benzene
(iv) Explain why pyridine is aromatic compound
(v) What happens when benzene treated with acetyl chloride in the presence of AlCl3?
(vi) Explain the aromatic character of pyrrole, thiophene, furan and pyridine
(vii) Explain why benzene undergo electrophilic substitution reaction where as alkenes
undergo addition reactions
OR
(b) (i) What are Structural Isomerism and how many types of structural isomerism is (3)
possible? Write at least one example each
(ii) What is Geometrical Isomerism and how many types? Explain Cis-Trans Isomerism in (2)
cyclic compounds with examples

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All The Best !