Anatomy MCQS: Abdomen: 1 BC 2 D 3 CD 4 B 5 D 6 A 7 C 8 D 9 E 10 BCD 11 CDE 12 BC 13 BCD

ANATOMY MCQs: ABDOMEN
Directions: Each of the questions or incomplete statements below is followed by

Five suggested answers or completions. Select the BEST answer(s) in each case.
1. The infrasternal angle is formed below the C. seventh

xiphosternal joint by the diverging cartilages of D. tenth
which of the following costal cartilages? E. twelfth
A. sixth
B. seventh 8. The anterior cutaneous branch of which of the
C. eighth following intercostal nerves ends in the approximate
D. eleventh area of the umbilicus?
E. twelfth A. fourth
B. sixth
2. The highest point of the iliac crest is at the transverse C. seventh
level of the body of which lumbar vertebra? D. tenth
A. first E. twelfth
B. second
C. third 9. The suprapubic region receives its cutaneous nerve
D. fourth supply from the anterior branch of which of the
E. fifth following nerves?
A. sixth thoracic
3. The inguinal ligament is stretched between which of B. seventh thoracic
the following structures? C. ilioinguinal
A. posterior superior iliac spine D. iliolumbar
B. anterior inferior iliac spine E. none of the above
C. pubic tubercle
D. anterior superior iliac spine 10. Which of the following statements apply to the
E. pubic symphysis superficial epigastric artery?
A. enters the rectus sheath above the umbilicus
4. The inguinal ligament is the rolled-under inferior B. arises from the femoral artery below the inguinal
margin of the aponeurosis of which of the following ligament
muscles? C. runs toward the umbilicus
A. rectus abdominis D. anastomoses with branches of the inferior epigastric
B. external abdominal oblique artery
C. internal abdominal oblique E. all of the above
D. transversus abdominis
E. pyramidalis 11. The superficial circumflex iliac artery usually
anastomoses with which of the following arteries?
5. Which of the following defines the lateral margins of A. superior epigastric
the rectus muscles? B. internal thoracic
A. tendinous intersection C. deep circumflex iliac
B. umbilicus D. superior gluteal
C. linea alba E. lateral femoral circumflex
D. linea semilunaris
E. infrasternal angle 12. Which of the following statements apply to the
superficial circumflex iliac artery?
6. The cutaneous nerves of the abdominal wall include A. arises from the external iliac artery
the anterior and lateral cutaneous terminals of B. pierces the fascia lata lateral to the saphenous
intercostal nerves opening
A. 7 to 11 C. runs laterally across the upper thigh below and
B. 5 to 8 parallel to the inguinal ligament
C. 1 to 5 D. all of the above
D. 1 to 12 E. none of the above
E. none of the above
13. Which of the following statements apply to the
7. The anterior cutaneous branch of which of the superficial external pudendal artery?
following intercostal nerves ends immediately A. arises from the external iliac artery
inferior to the xiphoid process of the sternum? B. anastomoses with the deep external pudendal artery
A. fourth C. emerges through the saphenous opening
B. sixth D. passes upward across the spermatic cord in the male
E. runs toward the umbilicus
1=BC; 2=D; 3=CD; 4=B; 5=D; 6=A; 7=C; 8=D; 9=E; 10=BCD; 11=CDE; 12=BC; 13=BCD
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14 Which of the following statements apply to the

14=D; 15=BCD; 16=A; 17=ABC; 18=AB; 19=E; 20=D; 21=E; 22=BC; 23=B; 24=A; 25=C; 26=E
superficial inguinal nodes?
A. 12-20 nodes arranged in the form of a T in the groin B. is located just above and lateral to the pubic tubercle
B. they form a chain parallel to and below the inguinal C. represents a weakness in the aponeurosis of the
ligament external oblique muscle
C. these nodes receive lymph from the penis and D. all of the above
scrotum of the male E. none of the above
D. all of the above
E. none of the above 21 Which of the following statements apply to the
external spermatic fascia?
15 The abdominal muscles do which of the following? A. derived from the internal oblique aponeurosis
A. extend the trunk B. innermost fascial covering of the cord and testis
B. flex the trunk C. represents the continuation of the superficial fascia
C. compress the abdominal viscera along the spermatic cord
D. elevate the diaphragm in respiration D. is usually absent
E. extend the pelvis E. none of the above
16 The posterior free margin of the external abdominal 22 The falx inguinalis is formed from which of the
oblique muscle forms with the converging border of following muscle aponeuroses?
the latissimus dorsi muscle and the iliac crest below, A. external abdominal oblique
which triangle? B. internal abdominal oblique
A. lumbar C. transversus abdominis
B. suboccipital D. rectus abdominis
C. femoral E. pyramidalis
D. inguinal
E. carotid 23 The cremaster muscle and fascia are representatives
of which of the following muscles?
17 Which of the following structures are specializations A. external abdominal oblique
of the external oblique aponeurosis? B. internal abdominal oblique
A. inguinal ligament C. transversus abdominis
B. lacunar ligament D. rectus abdominis
C. reflected inguinal ligament E. pyramidalis
D. fundiform ligament of the penis
E. tunica dartos scroti 24. The cremaster muscle is innervated by which of the
following nerves?
18 Which of the following statements apply to the A. genitofemoral
inguinal ligament? B. sciatic
A. the fascia lata attaches to the inferior edge C. iliohypogastric
B. the iliacus fascia is attached internally D. ilioinguinal
C. a delicate tubulosaccular sheath E. obturator
D. derived from the aponeurosis of the rectus abdominis
E. all of the above 25. Which of the following is the third and innermost of
the flat muscles of the abdomen?
19 The continuation of the fibres of the lacunar ligament A. rectus abdominis
laterally along the iliopectineal line contributes to B. pyramidalis
which of the following? C. transversus abdominis
A. reflected inguinal ligament D. external abdominal oblique
B. lateral crus E. internal abdominal oblique
C. medial crus
D. intercrural fibres 26. Which of the following statements apply to the
E. pectineal ligament rectus abdominis muscle?
A. lies on both sides of the linea alba
20 Which of the following statements apply to the B. arises from the superior ramus of the pubis
superficial inguinal ring? C. inserts on the anterior surface of the xiphoid process
A. lies at the end of a triangular cleft in D. contains three tendinous intersections
the external oblique aponeurosis E. all of the above
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Anatomy MCQs Abdomen: Dedicated to all medics in ABU,
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C. is absent in females
27=D;of 28=E;
27. In the lower quarter 29=ABC,
the abdominal 30=AB,
wall, the 31=D, 32=DE, 33=AB, 34=E, 35=C, 36=E, 37=C, 38=A, 39=B, 40=B
aponeurosis of the internal oblique muscle does not D. all of the above
split, and all three aponeurotic layers pass anterior to E. none of the above
the rectus abdominis muscle. This area is called the
A. interfoveolar ligament 34. Which of the following structures are elements of
B. linea alba the spermatic cord?
C. linea semilunaris A. ductus deferens
D. arcuate line B. deferential artery
E. falx inguinalis C. testicular artery
D. pampiniform plexus of veins
28. The quadratus lumborum muscle is innervated by E. all of the above
which of the following nerves?
A. twelfth thoracic 35. The cremasteric artery arises from which of the
B. first lumbar following arteries?
C. second lumbar A. femoral
D. third lumbar B. internal iliac
E. all of the above C. inferior epigastric
D. superficial epigastric
29. Which of the following are formed from E. superior epigastric
transversalis fascia?
A. femoral sheath 36. A hernia that begins at the deep inguinal ring and
B. internal spermatic fascia passes lateral to the inferior epigastric artery is
C. deep inguinal ring A. umbilical hernia
D. cremaster fascia B. femoral hernia
E. lacunar ligament C. lumbar hernia
D. direct inguinal hernia
30. The extraperitoneal connective tissue separates E. indirect inguinal hernia
which two layers?
A. peritoneum 37. Which of the following types of herniae descend
B. transversalis fascia into the thigh behind the inguinal ligament, utilizing
C. internal abdominal oblique a tubular compartment of the femoral sheath?
D. transversus abdominis A. umbilical
E. rectus abdominis B. direct
C. femoral
31. Which of the following nerves pierces the internal D. obturator
abdominal oblique muscle near the deep inguinal ring E. lumbar
and runs medially through the inguinal canal and
becomes subcutaneous at the superficial inguinal 38. The remnant of the embryological allantoic duct is
ring? represented in the adult by the fibrous
A. femoral A. median umbilical ligament
B. obturator B. medial umbilical ligament
C. iliohypogastric C. lateral umbilical fold ,
D. ilioinguinal D interfoveolar ligament
E. subcostal E. falx inguinalis
32. The principal branches of the external iliac artery 39. Which of the following remains in the adult as the
include which of the following arteries? medial umbilical ligament?
A. superficial epigastric A. umbilical vein
B. superficial circumflex iliac B. umbilical artery
C. superficial external pudendal C. allantoic duct
D. inferior epigastric D. urachus
E. deep circumflex iliac E. none of the above
33. Which of the following statements apply to the 40. Which of the following structures elevate the lateral
inguinal canal of an adult? umbilical fold?
A. approximately 4 cm. in length A. superior epigastric artery
B. runs parallel to the inguinal ligament
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B. inferior epigastric artery and vein B. is on the horizontal plane of the sternal angle
C. superficial epigastric artery C. lies to the left of the eleventh thoracic vertebral body
D. deep circumflex iliac vein D. lies in the midline
E. none of the above E. occurs below the oesophageal hiatus of the
diaphragm
41. Which of the following is the peritoneal reflection

from body wall to the small intestine?
A. lesser omentum 41=D, 42=DE, 43=BCD, 44=E, 45=A, 46=B, 47=ACE, 48=B, 49=AB, 50=BCD, 51=E, 52=A, 53=B, 54=AC
48. Which of the following is the left and inferior border
B. greater omentum of the stomach?
C. mesocolon A. lesser curvature
D. mesentery B. greater curvature
E.. falciform ligament C. fundus
D. pyloric antrum
42. Which of the following structures are derivatives of E. cardia
the dorsal common mesentery?
A. lesser omentum 49. Which of the following statements apply to the
B. falciform ligament celiac trunk?
C. right triangular ligament A. arises from the aorta just below the aortic hiatus
D. mesoappendix B. gives rise to the left gastric, hepatic, and splenic
E. transverse mesocolon arteries
C. arises from the aorta at the level of the fourth lumbar
43. Which of the following structures are derivatives of vertebra
the dorsal mesogastrium? D. gives rise to the renal arteries
A. transverse mesocolon E. none of the above
B. gastrophrenic ligament
C. gastrocolic ligament 50. Which of the following statements apply to the left
D. phrenicocolic ligament gastric artery?
E. mesoappendix A. largest branch of the celiac trunk
B. smallest branch of the celiac trunk
44. Which of the following ligaments are derivatives of C. frequently raises a fold of peritoneum, the left
the ventral mesogastrium? gastropancreatic fold
A. hepatogastric D. gives off oesophageal branches
B. hepatoduodenal E. none of the above
C. hepatocolic
D. falciform 51. Which of the following statements apply to the
E. all of the above splenic artery?
A. largest branch of the celiac trunk
45. The lesser peritoneal sac behind the stomach is B. runs a tortuous course in the superior border of the
closed off from the major peritoneal cavity except for pancreas
the communication through the C. gives rise to the left gastroepiploic artery
A. epiploic foramen D. enters the lienorenal ligament
B. foramen ovale E. all of the above
C. urachus
D. allantoic duct 52. The short gastric branches of the splenic artery pass
E. none of the above through __________ ligament to reach the stomach
A. gastrolienal
46. The vascular cecal fold contains which of the B. phrenicocolic
following arteries? C. coronary
A; appendicular D. gastrocolic
B. anterior cecal E. hepatocolic
C. posterior cecal
D. iliolumbar 53. The posterior vagal trunk makes a major
E. none of the above contribution to which of the following?
A. hepatic nerve
47. Which of the following statements apply to the B. celiac plexus
oesophagogastric junction? C. greater splanchnic nerve
A. is on the horizontal plane of the tip of the xiphoid D. pelvic splanchnic
process E. all of the above
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54. Which of the following statements apply to the D. renal

parasympathetic innervation of the stomach? E. lumbar
A. enhances muscular movements
B. important in vasomotor control 62 Which of the following arteries supplies the cecum,
C. major influence on secretion of HCl ascending colon, and most of the transverse colon?
D. major influence on the secretion of enzymes A. celiac
E. principally afferent impulses B. superior mesentery
55=ABC,
55. The spleen 56=B, 57=C,
is in relation 58=ABD,
to which 59=ABE, 60=C, 61=B, 62=ABC, 63=C, 64=AB, 65=C, 66=B, 67=B, 68=E, 69=D
of the following
ribs? C. inferior mesentery
A. ninth D. hepatic
B. tenth E. left gastric
C. eleventh
D. seventh 63 Which of the following structures belong to the liver?
E. eighth A. caudate process
B. quadrate lobe
56. The distal portion of the small intestine is called the C. caudate lobe
A. jejunum D. uncinate process
B. ileum E. all of the above
C. sigmoid colon
D. ascending colon 64 The cystic artery usually arises from which of the
E. duodenum following arteries?
A. anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal
57. Which of the following is the fixed and B. right gastric
retroperitoneal portion of the small intestine? C. right hepatic
A. ileum D. gastroduodenal
B. jejunum E. pancreatica magna
C. duodenum
D. all of the above 65 The portal vein is formed by the junction of which of
E. none of the above the following veins?
A. superior mesenteric
58. Which of the following statements apply to the first B. splenic
part of the duodenum? C. right gastroepiploic
A. completely peritonealized D. celiac
B. makes contact with the neck of the gallbladder E. left gastric
C. common bile duct passes anterior
D. portal vein passes behind 66 Meckel's diverticulum is an occasional feature of the
E. found at the level of the fourth lumbar vertebra A. duodenum
B. jejunum
59. Which of the following statements apply to the C. ileum
second part of the duodenum? D. ascending colon
A. crossed by the transverse colon E. transverse colon
B. in contact with the head of the pancreas
C. stabilized by the suspensory muscle of the duodenum 67 Which of these arteries supplies all of the small
D in direct continuity with the pylorus intestine except the proximal part of the duodenum?
E. retroperitoneal A. celiac
B. superior mesentery
60. The lesser duodenal papilla marks the termination of C. inferior mesentery
A. common bile duct D. hepatic
B main pancreatic duct E. right gastric
C. accessory pancreatic duct
D. uncinate process 68. Which of the following statements apply to the
E. suspensory muscle of the duodenum superior mesenteric artery?
A. the second of the ventral unpaired branches of the
61. The uncinate process lies behind which of the abdominal aorta
following vessels? B. lies to the left of the superior mesenteric vein
A. celiac C. gives rise to the iliocolic artery
B. superior mesenteric D. gives rise to the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery
C. inferior mesenteric
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E all of the above 76. The inferior mesenteric vein usually empties into
which of the following veins?
69 The superior mesenteric nerve plexus contains which A. splenic
of the following fibres? B. superior mesenteric
A. parasympathetic preganglionic C. sigmoid
B. sympathetic postganglionic D. ileocolic
C. afferent E. right gastric
D. all of the above
E. none of the above 77. The parasympathetic supply of the distal colon arises
from which of the following cord segments?
A. S1
B. S2
70 Which of the following apply to the large intestine?
A. teniae coli70=E, 71=ACE, 72=C, 73=AC, 74=E, 75=D, 76=A, 77=BCD, 78=BCD, 79=C, 80=E, 81=E, 82=BCD, 83=E, 84=C
B. sacculations C. S3
C. haustra coli D. S4
D. epiploic appendages E. S5
E. all of the above
78. Which of the following veins may act as routes of
71 The longitudinal musculature of the large 1 intestine collateral circulation for the portal vein?
is separated into which of the following bands? A. hepatic
A. tenia mesocolica B. oesophageal tributaries of the left gastric vein
B. tenia mesentery C. rectal plexuses of veins
C. tenia libera D. paraumbilical veins
D. tenia colica E. all of the above
E. tenia omentalis
79. Which of the following arteries pass from the renal
72 Which of the following is the largest and most sinus peripherally through the renal columns?
movable part of the large intestine? A. arcuate
A. cecum B. interlobular
B. ascending colon C. interlobar
C. transverse colon D. perirenal
D. sigmoid colon E. pararenal
E. rectum
80. Which of the following are found at the line of
73. Which of the following structures are junction between cortex and medulla of the kidney?
retroperitoneal? A. efferent arterioles
A. ascending colon B. afferent arterioles
B. transverse colon C. interlobular arteries
C. descending colon D. interlobar arteries
D. sigmoid colon E. arcuate arteries
E. ileum
81. Which of the following statements apply to the left
74. Which of the following statements apply to the renal vein?
inferior mesenteric artery? A. longer than the right
A. supplies the left one-third of transverse colon B. passes in front of the aorta
B. arises from the aorta 3 to 4 cm. above its bifurcation C. receives the left suprarenal vein
C. arises at the level of the third lumbar vertebra D. receives the left testicular vein
D. lies on the right of the inferior mesenteric vein E. all of the above
E. all of the above
82. Which of the following statements apply to the right
75. The superior rectal artery is the continuation of renal vein?
which of the following arteries? A. receives the right testicular vein
A. celiac B. lies behind the second part of the duodenum
B. ileocolic C. generally lies anterior to the right renal artery
C. sigmoid D. frequently receives the left second lumbar vein
D. inferior mesenteric E. all of the above
E. superior mesenteric
83. Which of the following may be thought of as a
postganglionic sympathetic organ?
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A. medulla of the kidney E. all of the above t

B. cortex of the adrenal
C. spleen 91. Which of the following arteries supply the
D. pancreas diaphragm?
E. none of the above A. pericardiacophrenic
B. musculophrenic
84. More blood passes through _______ relative to their C. superior phrenic
size, than through any other organs of the body D. inferior phrenic
A. lungs E. all of the above
B. kidneys
C. suprarenals 92. The inferior vena cava is formed on the right side of
D. testes which of the following vertebrae?
E. parathyroids A. twelfth thoracic
85=A, 86=AD,
85. The superior suprarenal arteries87=C, 89=AB, 90=E, 91=E, 92=C, 93=AD, 94=A, 95=B, 96=D, 97=A, 98=D, 99=B
88=E,derived
are usually
from which of the following arteries? B. second lumbar
A. inferior phrenic t C. fifth lumbar
B. renal D. third sacral
C. superior mesenteric E. none of the above
D. inferior mesenteric
E. celiac 93. Concerning the interior of the duodenum
A. circular folds
86. Which of the following nerves and plexuses B. solitary lymph nodes
contribute to the suprarenal glands? C. patches of aggregated lymph nodules
A. greater splanchnic t D. villi
B. pelvic splanchnic E. none of the above
C. lumbar splanchnic
D. celiac plexus t 94. The inferior boundary of the epiploic foramen is ?
E. all of the above A. first part of the duodenum
B. inferior vena cava
87. In moderate expiration the diaphragm reaches as C. hepatoduodenal ligament
high as which of the following ribs on the right side? D. caudate lobe of the liver
A. second E. none of the above
B. fourth
C. fifth t 95. The ligamentum teres hepatis is the obliterated
D. eighth remains of
E. tenth A. urachus
B. umbilical vein
88. Which of the following apply to the right crus of the C. umbilical artery
diaphragm? D. ductus venosum
A. larger than the left E. none of the above
B. longer than the left
C. takes origin from the upper three lumbar vertebrae 96. Between the gallbladder fossa and the fissure of the
D. usually splits to enclose the oesophagus ligamentum teres is which of the following lobes?
E. all of the above tt A. anterior
B. posterior
89. Which of the following apply to the aortic hiatus? C. caudate
A. bounded by the crura of the diaphragm t D. quadrate
B. thoracic duct passes through the aortic hiatus t E. none of the above
C. located at the level of the tenth thoracic vertebra
D. is an opening in the central tendon of the diaphragm 97. Between the caval fossa and the fissure of the
E. it is the highest of the three openings ligamentum venosum is which of these lobes?
A. caudate
90. Which of the following apply to the caval foramen? B. quadrate
A. an opening in the central tendon C. posterior
B. highest of the three openings t D. anterior
C. lies at the level of the eighth thoracic vertebra t E. superior
D. transmits the inferior vena cava and right phrenic
nerve
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98. The cystic artery usually arises from which of the B. mesogastrium
following arteries? C. mesoduodenum
A. celiac D. mesocolon
B. superior-mesenteric E. mesentery proper
C. common hepatic
D. right hepatic 106. The original dorsal mesentery is given which of the
E.. dorsal pancreatic following descriptive names?
A. mesentery proper
99. The hepatic veins drain into which of the following B. mesoesophagus
A. portal vein C. mesogastrium
B. inferior vena cava D. mesoduodenum
C. superior vena cava E. all of the above
D. superior mesenteric vein
E. left gastric 107. Which of the following statements apply to the
development of the duodenum?
100. Meckel's diverticulum represents

100=B, the
101=C, 102=E, 103=C, 104=E, 105=E, 106=E, 107=ABD, 108=C, 109=E, 110=D, 111=E, 112=B, 113=C
A. obliterated umbilical artery
B. vitelline duct A. during the second foetal month, the lumen is
C. obliterated ductus venosum obliterated by epithelial cells
D. obliterated umbilical vein B. recanalized by the end of the foetal period
E. none of the above C. ventral mesentery remains attached to the entire
duodenum
101. The primitive gut forms during which of the D. derived from both the foregut and the midgut
following foetal weeks? E. none of the above
A. sixth
B. eighth 108. Hemopoiesis of the liver begins during which of
C. fourth the following foetal weeks?
D. second A. second
E. tenth B. fourth
C. sixth
102. Derivatives of the foregut include which of these? D. eighth
A. pharynx E. tenth
B. oesophagus
C. stomach 109. The ventral mesentery gives rise to which of the
D. duodenum following structures?
E. all of the above A. lesser omentum
B. falciform ligament
103. Foregut derivatives are supplied by which of these C. gastrohepatic ligament
arteries ? D. duodenohepatic ligament
A. superior mesenteric E. all of the above
B. inferior mesenteric
C. celiac 110. The development of the pancreas includes which of
D. ileocolic the following?
E. middle colic A. the bulk of the pancreas is derived from the dorsal
bud
104. In the 90 degrees of clockwise rotation of the B. the ventral bud forms the uncinate process
stomach around its longitudinal axis, which of the C. the main pancreatic duct forms from the ducts of the
following statements are true? ventral bud and the distal part of the dorsal bud
A. the lesser curvature moves to the right D. all of the above
B. the greater curvature moves to the left E. none of the above
C. the original left side becomes the ventral surface
D. the original right side becomes the dorsal surface 111. Which of the following structures are derivatives of
E. all of the above the midgut?
A. small intestine
105. The mesentery of the jejunum and ileum is called B. cecum
A. mesoesophagus C. appendix
D. ascending colon
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E. all of the above B. descending colon

C. sigmoid colon
112 The midgut derivatives are supplied by which of D. rectum and upper portion of anal canal
the following arteries? E. all of the above
A. celiac
B. superior mesenteric 119. The hindgut is supplied by which of the following
C. inferior mesenteric arteries?
D. left colic A. inferior mesenteric
E. none of the above B. superior mesenteric
C. celiac
113 At one stage of development the midgut D. middle colic
communicates with the yolk sac by means of the E. none of the above
A. urachus
B. allantois 120. The expanded terminal portion of the hindgut
C. vitelline duct forms the
D. ligamentum teres hepatis A. cloaca
E. none of the above B. appendix
C. cecum
D. sigmoid colon
114 Which of114=AC, 115=D,

the following 116=B, 117=B,
statements 118=E, 119=A, 120=A, 121=C, 122=BC, 123=BC, 124=A, 125=D, 126=AB, 127=E
are correct
concerning rotation and fixation of the midgut? 121. The anal membrane usually ruptures at the end of
A. the midgut loop rotates 90 degrees counter clockwise which of the foetal weeks to establish the anal canal?
B. the axis of rotation is the inferior mesenteric artery A. second
C. the yolk stalk is attached to the apex of the midgut B. fourth
loop C. seventh
D. during the fourth week the midgut hernia is returned D. twelfth
to the abdomen E. eighteenth
E. all of the above
122. The junction of the epithelium derived from the
115 Which of the following statements are correct ectoderm of the anal pit and the endoderm of the
concerning rotation and fixation of the midgut? hindgut is known as the
A. the midgut rotates a total of 270 degrees counter A. urorectal septum
clockwise B. pectinate line
B. the mesentery of the ascending colon fuses and C. dentate line
disappears D. white line
C. the midgut loop has two limbs E. none of the above
D. all of the above
E. none of the above 123 The failure of the intestines to return to the
abdomen at the end of the first stage of rotation of the
116 The cecal diverticulum appears during which of midgut loop is known as
the following foetal weeks? A. congenital umbilical hernia
A. second B. omphalocele
B. fifth C. exomphalos
C. ninth D. volvulus
D. twelfth E. Meckel's diverticulum
E. fifteenth
124 Twisting of the intestines commonly occurs with
117. The appendix is retrocecal or retrocolic in about malrotation of the midgut loop and is known as
what percent of cases? A. midgut volvulus
A. 35 B. Meckel's diverticulum
B. 65 C. exomphalos
C. 75 D. omphalocele
D. 15 E. megacolon
E. 2
125 Which of the following malformations of the
118. Which of the following structures are derivatives of digestive tract occurs more frequently?
the hindgut? A. omphalocele
A. distal one-third of the transverse colon
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B. reversed rotation B. lies anterior to the rectus abdominis muscle below the
C. intestinal stenosis arcuate line
D. Meckel's diverticulum C. gives rise to the internal spermatic fascia
E. midgut volvulus D. aids in the formation of the fundiform ligament
E. lies deep to the extraperitoneal fat
126. The iliohypogastric nerve
A distributes to the skin of the suprapubic region
B. sends lateral cutaneous branches to the gluteal region 133. Which of the following statements apply to the
C. gives rise to the anterior scrotal nerve cremasteric artery?
D. traverses the inguinal canal to the superficial inguinal A. arises from the femoral artery
ring B. accompanies the spermatic cord
E. none of the above C. anastomoses with the testicular artery
D. supplies the rectus sheath
127. The superficial circumflex iliac artery E. is absent in the female
A. arises from the external iliac artery
B. anastomoses with the superficial external pudendal 134. Which of the following statements apply to the
artery direct inguinal hernia?
C. anastomoses with the superior epigastric artery A. passes lateral to the inferior epigastric vessels
D. enters the rectus sheath from below B. occurs more commonly than the indirect hernia
E. none of the above C. usually descends into the scrotum
D. is frequently due to failure of obliteration of the
vaginal process
128 The external abdominal oblique130=CD,

128=AC, 129=A, muscle 131=E, 132=AC, 133=BC, 134=E, 135=C, 136=AE, 137=AD, 138=A, 139=BC, 140=AC
A. arises by interdigitating fibres with those of the
serratus anterior and the latissimus dorsi muscle 135. Derivatives of the dorsal mesogastrium include
B. is innervated by the vague nerve which of the following?
C. aids in compressing the abdominal viscera and A. falciform ligament
elevates the diaphragm in respiration B. hepatoduodenal ligament
D. lies superficial to the Innominate fascia C. phrenicocolic ligament
E. all of the above D. mesoappendix
E. all of the above
129 The lacunar ligament
A. is continuous with the inguinal ligament 136. Derivatives of the dorsal common mesentery
B. forms the superolateral limit of the superficial include which of the following?
inguinal ring A. transverse mesocolon
C. is also called the pectineal ligament B. gastrocolic ligament
D. inserts upon the anterior superior iliac spine C. hepatogastric ligament
E. none of the above D. left triangular ligament
E. sigmoid mesocolon
130 The internal abdominal oblique muscle is
associated with the 137. Which of the following statements apply to the
A medial crus bursa omentalis?
B external spermatic fascia A. is bounded anteriorly by the lesser omentum, the
C falx inguinalis posterior wall of the stomach and the gastrocolic
D cremaster muscle and fascia ligament |
E lateral crus B. is also called the greater peritoneal sac
C. is completely closed off from the major peritoneal
131 The transversus abdominis muscle cavity
A. gives rise to the internal spermatic fascia D. has a superior recess limited above by the left lobe
B. is innervated by L2, L3, and L4 of the liver and the posterior layer of the coronary
C. is superficial to the pyramidalis muscle ligament
D. contains three tendinous intersections E. all of the above
132 Which of the following statements apply to the counter clockwise rotation of the primary loop of the
transversalis fascia? midgut?
A. forms the deep inguinal ring A. takes place around an axis represented by the
superior mesenteric artery
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B. totals 360 degrees muscle of the duodenum

C. is completed once the caecum reaches the left side D. about 12 cm. in length
D. occurs within the peritoneal cavity E. all of the above
E. all of the above
139. Which of the following statements apply to the ventral pancreatic primordium?
superior ileocaecal fossa? A. develops within the. Dorsal mesogastrium
A. lies between the inferior ileocaecal fold and the B. is a diverticulum from the hepatic diverticulum
mesoappendix C. forms the lower part of the head and uncinate process
B. is entered from below, behind the vascular fold of the pancreas
C. lies between the vascular cecal fold and the D. gives rise to the accessory pancreatic duct
ileocaecal junction E. all of the above
D. contains the appendicular artery
E. all of the above 146. Which of the following statements apply to the
pancreas?
140. Which of the following statements apply to the A. has sympathetic innervation which is vasomotor and
stomach? afferents for pain
A. has a serous coat which is the peritoneum B. has efferent lymphatic channels that pass to the
B. has an outer oblique muscle layer inferior mesenteric nodes
C. has a circular muscle layer which is the principal part C. is innervated by the lumbar splanchnics
of the muscular coat D. receives most of its blood supply from the superior
D. is innervated by the third thoracic nerve mesenteric artery
E. none of the above E. none of the above
141=E, 142=AB, 143=C, 144=AB, 145=BC, 146=A, 147=E, 148=AB, 149=CD, 150=AD, 151=AC, 152=E

common hepatic artery? 147. Which of the following statements apply to the left
A. is usually the largest branch of the celiac trunk colic artery?
B. courses upward and to the left, toward the cardiac A. descends across the left psoas muscle, the ureter, and
end of the stomach the testicular vessels
C. runs a highly tortuous course through the superior B. supplies the right one-third of the transverse colon
border of the pancreas C. gives rise to the superior rectal artery
D. usually gives rise to the arteria pancreatica magna D. is found within the mesenteriolum
142. Which of the following statements apply to the 148. Which of the following statements apply to the left
right gastroepiploic vein? suprarenal gland?
A. crosses the uncinate process, of the pancreas and A. is separated from the right suprarenal gland by the
ends in the superior mesenteric vein celiac artery and nerve plexus
B. is usually joined by the superior pancreaticoduodenal B. rests against the left crus of the diaphragm
vein C. makes contact with the inferior vena cava
C. drains the fundus of the stomach D. has a cortex which secretes epinephrine
D. receives oesophageal veins E. all of the above
E. all of the above
143. Which of these statements apply to the spleen? diaphragm?
A. develops in the ventral mesogastrium A. has an elliptical oesophageal hiatus at the level of the
B. normally descends 2 cm. below the costal margin twelfth thoracic vertebra
C. rests on the sustentaculum lienis B. is innervated by the greater splanchnic
D. has a diaphragmatic surface which is concave C. receives its blood supply from the phrenic arteries
E. all of the above D. may reach as high as the fifth rib on the right side
during moderate expiration
144. Which of the following statements apply to the first E. all of the above
part of the duodenum?
A. completely peritonealized 150. Which of the following statements apply to the
B. surrounded by the hepatoduodenal portion of the femoral nerve?
lesser omentum A. emerges through the fibres of the psoas muscle at its
C. stabilized by a fibromuscular band, the suspensory
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lower lateral border medulla of the suprarenal?

B. arises from the first lumbar nerve A. may be thought of as a preganglionic sympathetic
C. passes under the lateral end of the inguinal ligament organ
D. is the largest branch of the lumbar plexus B. secretes acetylcholine into the blood stream
E. all of the above C. is not essential to life
D. receives both a preganglionic and postganglionic
151. Which of the following statements apply to the nervous innervation
obturator nerve? E. none of the above
A. appears at the medial border of the psoas muscle
B. supplies the cremaster muscle , 157. Which of the following statements apply to the
C. arises from the anterior branches of the second, third, interlobar arteries of the kidney?
and fourth lumbar nerves A. give rise to the arcuate arterioles
D. passes under the lateral end of the inguinal ligament B. supply the major calyces
E. all of the above C. appear in the renal columns
D. form renal pyramids
152. Which of the following statements apply to the E. all of the above
iliacus muscle?
A. inserts into the medial side of the tendon of the psoas 158. Which of the following statements apply to the
major inferior mesenteric artery?
B. is innervated by the obturator nerve A. originates superior to the testicular artery
C. flexes the abdomen B. connects to the superior mesenteric artery by way of
D. inserts into the iliopectineal eminence – the superior rectal artery
E. none of the above C. receives most of its perivascular plexus from the
pelvic splanchnic nerves
D. lies to the right of the inferior mesenteric vein

vermiform appendix?
153. Which of the following

153=AB,statements apply to the
154=AC, 155=AD, 156=E, 157=AC, 158=D, 159=D, 160=A, 161=E, 162=E, 163=E, 164=C, 165=E
abdominal aorta of an adult?
A. is about 13 cm in length A. supplied by the pelvic splanchnic nerves
B. divides into the two common iliac arteries in front of B. formed from the hepatic diverticulum
the lower part of the fourth lumbar vertebra C. the remnant of the vitelline duct ,-
C. is crossed by the right renal vein D. normally located in the peritoneal cavity on the right
D. is crossed ventrally by the left lumbar veins side between umbilicus & superior anterior iliac
E. all of the above spine
superior hypogastric plexus? 160. Which of the following statements apply to the
A. lies anterior to the lower part of the abdominal aorta hepatocolic ligament?
B. receives the lower two pelvic splanchnic nerves A. inconstant
C. is formed from thoracic & lumbar splanchnic nerves B. contains the umbilical vein
D. receives most of its fibres from the anterior vagal C. contributes to the coronary ligament
trunk D. formed from dorsal mesogastrium
155. Which of the following statements apply to the 161. Which of the following statements apply to the
cisterna chyli? falciform ligament?
A. lies on the bodies of the upper two lumbar vertebrae A. contains the common bile duct
B. lies between the left crus of the diaphragm and the B. develops from the dorsal common mesentery
abdominal aorta C. aids in the formation of the phrenicolienal ligament
C. represents a dilated receptacle for lymph gathered D. is attached to the hepatic flexure
from the upper part of the body E. none of the above
D. occurs in about 25 percent of the cadavers
E. none of the above 162. Which of the following statements apply to
the anterior cecal artery?
156. Which of the following statements apply to the A. is found in the mesenteriolum of the appendix
B. supplies the ileum
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C. is usually a branch of the right colic artery 169. Which of the following statements apply to the
D. is found in the transverse mesocolon right hepatic vein?
E. none of the above A. contains several valves
B. drains into the inferior vena cava
163. Which of the following statements apply to the C. aids in the formation of the portal vein
celiac trunk? D. forms one boundary for the foramen of Winslow
A. supplies the midgut in the embryo E. drains into the superior mesenteric vein
B. gives rise to the middle colic artery
C. is usually located on the left side of the 170. Which of the following statements apply to the
oesophagogastric junction superior rectal artery?
D. is usually inferior to the second part of the duodenum A. crosses the right common iliac vessels
E. none of the above B. receives its sympathetic innervation from the greater
splanchnic nerve
164. Which of the following statements apply to the C. is the continuation of the superior mesenteric artery
pancreaticolienal lymph nodes? D. descends in the pelvis between the layers of the
A. drain the lesser curvature of the stomach sigmoid mesocolon
B. end in the left gastric nodes E. all of the above
C. discharge into the celiac nodes
D. are located in the angle between the first and second 171. Which of the following statements apply to the
parts of the duodenum in close relation to the right kidney?
terminal division of the gastroduodenal artery A. is usually slightly lower than the left kidney
E. all of the above B. is retroperitoneal
C. has its inferior border at the level of the first lumbar
165. Which of the following statements apply to vertebra
the jejunum? D. lies dorsal to the right subcostal nerve
A. is retroperitoneal E. all of the above
B. has no mesentery
C. is innervated by the ventral ramus of T5 172 Which of the following statements apply to the left
D. occasionally contains Meckel's diverticulum kidney?
E. has thicker walls than does the ileum A is in contact with the second portion of the duodenum
B is crossed in the hilar region by the pancreas
166. Which of the 166=AD,

following167=BC, 168=CD,
statements apply169=B,
to the 170=D, 171=AB, 172=BCD, 173=ABC, 174=BC, 175=BD, 176=B, 177=AD, 178=E
greater duodenal papilla? C is usually somewhat longer than the right kidney
A. is found at the junction of the middle and lower D receives its supply from an artery lying behind the
thirds of the second part of the duodenum left renal vein, the pancreas, and the splenic vein
B. marks the termination of the accessory pancreatic E all of the above
duct of Santorini
C. aids in the formation of the uncinate process 173 Which of the following apply to the left ureter?
D. is the narrowest part of the biliary passage A is crossed obliquely by the testicular or ovarian
E. none of the above vessels
B receives its blood supply from the renal and testicular
167. Which of the following statements apply to the (or ovarian) arteries
posterior inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery? C is innervated by renal, testicular (ovarian), and
A. frequently arises from the celiac trunk inferior hypogastric plexuses
B. may arise from the first jejunal artery C. distributes to D lies within the abdominal cavity
the dorsal side of the pancreas E all of the above
D. is embedded in the superior border of the pancreas
lymphatics of the kidney?
168. Which of the following statements apply to the A. follow the renal vessels to the inguinal nodes
neck of the gallbladder? B. contain a perirenal plexus which drains into the
A. receives its blood supply from the portal vein lumbar nodes
B. rests on the transverse colon C. form three plexuses
C. is related to the duodenum D. empty into the renal veins
D. is directed toward the porta hepatis E. none of the above
and is continuous with the cystic duct
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right suprarenal gland?

A. is an exocrine gland 182 Which of the following statements apply to the
.B. contains a medulla which receives only a transversalis fascia?
preganglionic nervous innervation A gives rise to the medial cura
C. has its principal venous drainage directly into the B is the principle layer of the posterior sheath of the
renal vein rectus muscle below the arcuate line
D. is frequently surrounded by a circumadrenorenal C lies superficial to the transversus abdominis muscle
vascular arcade D forms the inferior border of the inguinal canal
E. is not separated from the right kidney by fascia E gives rise to the cremaster muscle
.
176. Which of the following statements apply to the 183. Which of the following statements apply to the
central tendon of the diaphragm? inguinal ligament?
A. contains the oesophageal hiatus A. aids in the formation of the falx inguinalis
B. is the tendon of insertion of all the muscular fibres of B. extends from the umbilicus to the pubic tubercle
the diaphragm C. is formed from scarpa's fascia
C. forms the vertebrocostal trigone D. aids in the formation of the deep inguinal ring
D. aids in the formation of the medial lumbocostal arch E. none of the above
E. all of the above
177. Which of the following apply to cisterna chyli? iliohypogastric nerve?
A. is a dilatation of the thoracic duct A. is both motor and sensory
B. occurs at the level of the inferior mesenteric vessels B. traverses the inguinal canal to the superficial inguinal
C. lies on the bodies of the upper two thoracic vertebrae ring
D. lies between the right crus of the diaphragm and the C. distributes to the skin of the suprapubic region
abdominal aorta D. supplies the tunica dartos scroti
E. all of the above E. none of the above
178 Which of the following statements apply to the 185. Which of the following statements apply to the
lumbar splanchnic nerves? superficial external pudendal artery?
A contain postganglionic fibres A. passes medially and upward across the round
B arise from L3, L4, and L5 ligament of the uterus in the female
C are parasympathetic B. arises from the medial side of the femoral artery
D innervate the ileum and cecum C. enters the rectus sheath at the level of the arcuate line
E none of the above of Douglas
179 Which of the 179=C,

following statements
180=CD, apply182=B,
181=AB, to the 183=E, 184=AC, 185=AB, 186=AB, 187=BDE, 188=E, 189=ABD, 190=E, 191=E
aorticorenal ganglion?
A. lies above the celiac ganglion D. anastomoses with the superior epigastric artery
B. lies below the level of the renal arteries E. none of the above
C. contains postganglionic sympathetic cell bodies
D. gives rise to the cystic plexus 186. Which of the following statements apply to the
E. none of the above medial inguinal fossa?
A. is the point of inception of direct inguinal herniae
180 Which of the following does the inferior vena cava B. lies lateral to the supravesical fossa
receive? C. lies between the median and medial umbilical folds
A. left testicular vein D. is a remnant of the embryological allantoic duct
B. left suprarenal vein E. none of the above
C. hepatic veins
D. left renal vein 187. Which of the following statements apply to the
E. all of the above deep circumflex iliac artery?
A. ascends toward the umbilicus
181 Which of the following statements apply to the B. anastomoses with the superficial circumflex iliac
testicular veins? artery
A. traverse the inguinal canal C. arises from the lateral aspect of the femoral artery
B. form the pampiniform plexus D. anastomoses with the superior gluteal arteries
C. run superficial to the external spermatic fascia E. pierces the transversalis fascia
D. lie dorsal to the ureter
tunica dartos scroti?
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A. does not develop in the condition known as D. median umbilical fold

cryptorchidism E. tendinous intersections (lineae transversae)
B. is a thin tubular connection between the peritoneum
of the abdominal cavity and the testis 195. Which of the following nerves traverse the inguinal
C. is a closed serous sac canal?
D. is innervated by T 11 A. genital branch of the genitofemoral
E. none of the above B. iliohypogastric
C. ilioinguinal
189. Which of the following statements apply to the D. tenth thoracic
superficial inguinal lymph nodes? E. subcostal T12
A. receive lymph from the lower abdominal wall,
buttocks, penis, and scrotum 196. In the lower one-fourth of the abdominal wall the
B. form a chain parallel to and about 1 cm. below the aponeurosis of the internal oblique
inguinal ligament A. does not split
C. are usually deep to the inguinal ligament B. extends medially to run posterior to the rectus
D. are from twelve to twenty in number abdominis muscle
E. all of the above C. splits into an anterior and posterior lamella
D. lies posterior to the pyramidalis muscle
190. Which of the following statements apply to the E. all of the above
gubernaculum testis?
A. is the same as the processus vaginalis 197. The pyramidalis muscle
B. forms the ligament of cloquet A. is innervated by T 10
C. forms the appendix testis B. is an insignificant muscle
D. contributes to the formation of the tunica vaginalis C. is frequently absent
testis D. lies anterior to the inferior portion of the rectus
E. becomes the scrotal ligament in adult males abdominis muscle
E. elevates the testes
191. The external oblique aponeurosis gives^ rise to
which of the following? 198. The quadratus lumborum muscle is innervated by
A. deep inguinal ring which of the following nerves?
B. cremaster muscle A. twelfth thoracic
C. internal spermatic fascia B. first lumbar
D. falciform ligament C. second lumbar
E. none of the above D. third lumbar
E. all of the above
199 Which of the following ligaments are not

considered as ligaments of the liver?
192. The superficial circumflex iliac vein drains) into

192=E, 193=C, 194=BCE, 195=AC, 196=A, 197=BCD, 198=E, 199=DE, 200=B, 201=CD, 202=C, 203=B, 204=E, 205=B, 206=B
which of the following veins? A. right triangular
A. external iliac B. left triangular
B. internal iliac C. coronary ligament
C. superficial epigastric D. phrenicolienal
D. external pudendal E. greater omentum
E. great saphenous
200 The principal elaboration of the developing
193. The inferior epigastric artery peritoneum is that of the
A. forms the medial border of the inguinal triangle A. mesoappendix
B. joins with the superior epigastric anterior to the B. omental apron
rectus abdominis muscle C. lesser omentum
C. arises from the external iliac artery D. gastrolienal ligament
D. gives rise to the testicular artery E. median umbilical fold
E. has no accompanying vein
201 The muscular coat of the oesophagus consists of
194. Which of the following are visible on the anterior A. outer circular and inner longitudinal muscle fibres
abdominal wall? B. outer oblique and inner circular muscle fibres
A. arcuate line C. both striated and non-striated muscle
B. linea alba D. outer longitudinal and inner circular muscle fibres
C. linea semilunaris
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E. none of the above A. mucous layer

B outer circular muscle layer
202 The most common congenital abnormality of the C inner serous covering
oesophagus is D rugae
A. congenital atresia E outer longitudinal muscle layer
B. congenital stenosis
C. tracheoesophageal fistula 210 Which of the following are characteristic
D. gastroesophageal separation of the large intestine?
E. none of the above A. circular folds
B. haustration
203. The most dependent part of the peritoneal cavity in C. appendices epiploicae
the recumbent position is the D. Peyer's patches
A. rectouterine pouch E. taeniae
B. hepatorenal recess
C. paracolic sulci 211 The left colic flexure lies
D. uterovesical pouch A. at a higher level than the right colic flexure
E. rectovesical pouch B. beneath the liver
C. behind the stomach
204 The lesser curvature of the stomach is attached to D. next to the caudate lobe of the liver
the liver by the E. in contact with the lower part of the spleen
A. greater omentum
B. ligament of Treitz 212 The middle part of the rectum
C. dorsal mesogastrium A. is covered by the peritoneum in front and at the sides
D. triangular ligament B. has peritoneum in front only
E. lesser omentum C. has no peritoneal covering
D. contains the puvate line
205 The third (horizontal) portion of the duodenum E. none of the above
crosses which of the following lumbar vertebrae?
A. second 213 which is the most common type of gut abnormality
B. third A. Meckel's diverticulum
C. fourth B. congenital umbilical hernia
D. fifth C. congenital atresia of the duodenum
E. first D. situs inversus
E. non-rotation
206 The greater duodenal papilla may be located at the
level of which of the following lumbar vertebrae? 214 Lying in the free edge of the falciform ligament is
A. first A. coronary ligament
B. second B. left triangular ligament
C. third C. aortal vein
D. fourth D. ligamentum teres
E. fifth E. umbilical artery
207 the paraduodenal recess209=AE,

207=AE, 208=B, is 210=BCE, 211=AC, 212=B, 213=A, 214=D, 215=D, 216=CDE, 217=D, 218=B, 219=AB, 220=E, 221=AC
A most commonly found in infants
B the largest of the recesses 215. The part of the pancreas which extends to the left
C present in 30% of individuals behind the superior mesenteric vessels is the
D found in over 50% of individuals A. body
E found on the left side of the duodenojejunal junction B. neck
C. tail
208 the ileum forms what fraction of the small D. uncinate process
intestine? E. none of the above
A two-fifth
B three-fifth 216. Which of the following developmental processes
C four fifth are responsible for the complicated relations of the
D one-half peritoneum in the adult?
E none of the above A, hepatic diverticuli
B. pancreatic primordia
209 The wall of the small intestine includes which of C. gut rotation
the following? D. rotation of the stomach
E. absorption and fusion of layers of peritoneum
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217. The inferior mesenteric plexus probably receives 224 The testicular artery is a branch of the
all its parasympathetic fibres by way of the A. renal artery
A. great splanchnic B. inferior mesenteric artery
B. lesser splanchnic C. aorta
C. lumbar splanchnic D. superior mesenteric artery
D. pelvic splanchnic E. celiac trunk
225 The deferent artery arises from the
218. The middle rectal artery is a branch of which of the A. aorta
following arteries? B. external iliac artery
A. external iliac C. inferior epigastric artery
B. internal iliac D. inferior vesical artery
C. inferior mesenteric E. superior gluteal artery
D. femoral
E. superior mesenteric 226. The cremasteric artery is a branch of
which of the following arteries?
219. The right lobe of the liver has two large A. inferior epigastric
impressions for which of the following? B. external pudendal
A. right flexure of the colon C. aorta
B. right kidney D. inferior gluteal
C. aorta E. internal iliac
D. spleen
E. pancreas 227. The transpyloric plane lies at the level of the
intervertebral disc between which of the following
220. Contents of the rectus muscle include which of the vertebrae?
following structures? A. LI and L2
A. superior epigastric artery B. T5 and T6
B. inferior epigastric artery C. L4 and L5
C ventral rami of thoraxic nerves D. T 10 and T 11
D rectus abdominis E. none of the above
E all of the above
228. The transumbilical plane passes through the
221 The ventral ramus of the first lumbar nerve divides umbilicus and lies at the level of the disc between
into which of the following nerves? which of the following vertebrae?
A. iliohypogastric A. LI and L2
B. genitofemoral B. L3 and L4
C. ilioinguinal C. T4 and T5
D. femoral D. T8 and T9
E. obturator E. none of the above
222=BCD, 223=B, 224=C, 225=D, 226=A, 227=A, 228=B, 229=B, 230=D, 231=C, 232=C, 233=C, 234=C, 235=A
222 Which of the following nerves pierce the rectus
sheath? 229. Which of the following is the largest of the
A. T5 lymphocyte-producing organs?
B. T7 A. liver
C. T10 B. spleen
D. T12 C. pancreas
E. LI D. kidney
223 The superior epigastric artery enters the rectus
sheath behind which of these costal cartilages? 230. When the umbilicus is examined from its peritoneal
A. fourth aspect, which of the following fibrous cords are seen
B. seventh radiating from it?
C. ninth A. obliterated allantoic duct
D. first B. obliterated umbilical arteries
E. twelfth
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C. obliterated umbilical vein A. anterior abdominal wall

D. all of the above B. ileum
E. none of the above C. transverse colon
D. superior mesenteric artery
231. Which of the following arteries is a series of colic E. sigmoid colon
arteries anastomosing from the end of the ileum to
the end of the sigmoid colon? 238. One of the most common causes of intestinal
A. ileocolic obstruction in infants is
B. arcade A. a direct inguinal hernia
C. marginal B. reversed rotation of the gut
D. pancreaticoduodenal C. omphalocele
E. appendicular D. retrocecal appendix
E. intussusception
232. Which of the following fossae lies between the
median umbilical fold and the medial umbilical fold? 239. Which of the following types of herniae are
A. paraduodenal classified as internal hernia?
B. retrocecal A. paraduodenal
C. supravesical B. direct
D. medial inguinal C. indirect
E. lateral inguinal D. femoral
E. umbilical
233. In the primitive midline arrangement, the future
greater curvature of the stomach faces 240. Which of the following layers of the stomach are
A. anteriorly incomplete?
B. laterally A. serous layer
C. dorsally B.. longitudinal muscular layer
D. ventrally C. circular muscular layer
E. none of the above D. oblique muscular layer
E. mucosa
234. The stomach lies principally in which of the
following regions of the abdomen? 241. The superficial fascia of the lower abdomen can be
A. right superior quadrant readily divided into which of the following?
B. right inferior quadrant A. superficial fatty layer
C. left superior quadrant B. deep membraneous layer
D. left inferior quadrant C. visceral layer
E. umbilical region D. vaginal layer
E. all of the above
235. Which of the following is a linear furrow in the
midline extending from the xiphoid to the 242. Which of the following arteries arise from the
symphysis? femoral artery?
A. linea alba A. deep circumflex iliac
B. linea semilunaris B. superficial circumflex iliac
C. linea transversa C. superficial external pudendal
D. intertubercular line D. superficial epigastric
E. transpyloric line E. inferior epigastric
236. Which of236=D,

the following
237=B, is238=E,
a muscular
239=A,impression
240=D, 241=AB, 242=BCD, 243=CDE, 244=B, 245=D, 246=C, 247=ABC, 248=AC, 249=BC
on the abdominal wall along the rectus abdominis?
A. lumbar triangle 243. The superficial veins above the umbilicus empty
B. inguinal triangle into the superior vena cava by way of which of the
C. linea alba following veins?
D. linea semilunaris A. deep circumflex iliac
E. none of the above B. superficial epigastric
C. internal thoracic
237. One of the most common causes of intestinal D. intercostal
obstruction in infants is an invagination of which of E. long thoracic
the following into the cecum?
244. The superficial veins above the umbilicus join
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freely with those below the umbilicus by way of in the body?

which of the following veins? A. skull
A. great saphenous B. thoracic region
B. thoracoepigastric C. abdomen
C. deep circumflex iliac D. pelvic region
D. inferior epigastric E. hepatorenal pouch
E. internal thoracic
252 The omental bursa consists of which of the
245. It should be recognized that the inguinal and following?
lacunar ligaments are simply the lower, free edge of A. vestibule
A. rectus sheath B. superior omental recess
B. transversus abdominis aponeurosis C. lienal recess
C. internal abdominal oblique aponeurosis D. inferior omental recess
D. external abdominal oblique aponeurosis E. all of the above
253 Which of the following extends from the liver to
246. Which of the following muscles form the most the lesser curvature of the stomach?
important constrictor of the abdominal wall? A. falciform ligament
A. external oblique B. greater omentum
B. internal oblique C. lesser omentum
C. transversus abdominis D. mesentery
D. rectus abdominis E. coronary ligament
E. pyramidalis
254 A fold of peritoneum continues from the left colic
247. Which of the following arteries usually arise from flexure to the diaphragm which passes below and
the gastroduodenal artery? serves to support the spleen and is known as the
A. supraduodenal A. phrenicocolic ligament
B. posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal B. sustentaculum lienis
C. retroduodenal C. Glisson's capsule
D. left gastropancreatic D. gastrocolic omentum
E. caudal pancreatic E. none of the above
248. Below which of the following does the 256 The fossa formed by a fold of peritoneum, arching
aponeuroses of the three flat muscles pass entirely in over the branch of the ileocolic artery which supplies
front of the rectus abdominis muscle? the ileocolic junction is the
A. linea semicircularis A. inferior ileocaecal
B. linea semilunaris B. superior ileocaecal
C. arcuate line C. superior duodenal
D. linea alba D. paraduodenal
E. tendinous intersections E. retrocecal
249 The testes develop between which of these layers? 257 Which of the following statements influence the
A. external oblique shape and position of the stomach?
B. transversalis fascia A. amount of stomach content
C. peritoneum B. stage of digestive process present
D. internal oblique C. musculature development of stomach
E. transversus abdominis D. condition of adjacent tissue
E. all of the above
250 The inguinal canal in

250=A, 251=C, the female
252=E, 253=C,contains which 256=B,
254=C, 255=B, of 257=E, 258=BCD, 259=B, 260=C, 261=CD, 262=CE, 263=ACE, 264=E
the following structures? 258 Which of the following statements apply to the
A. round ligament opening of the stomach into the duodenum?
B. pampiniform plexus of veins A. is known as the cardiac orifice
C. vas deferens B. lies to the right of the midline
D. ovarian artery C. located at the level of the first lumbar vertebra
E. none of the above D. may be called the pyloric orifice
E. is situated to the left of the midline at the level of the
251 Which of the following contains the largest cavity
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tenth thoracic vertebra D. hepatic and gastroduodenal branches

E. major sympathetic nerve supply of the stomach
259 The duodenal glands differ from other intestinal
glands in occupying which of the following layers? 267 The shortest part of the small intestine which is not
A. serous suspended by a mesentery is the
B. submucosal A. jejunum
C. circular muscular B. duodenum
D. mucosal C. ileum
E. longitudinal muscular D. pylorus
260 The circular folds of the duodenum are absent in
which portion of the duodenum? 268 The nerves of the stomach include which of the
A. descending following?
B ascending A. vagus
C first B. greater splanchnic
D second C. ventral ramus of T 10
E third D. subcostal nerve
E. lumbar splanchnic
261. The pyloric sphincter
A. is distal to the jejunum 269 The suspensory muscle of the duodenum
B. is proximal to the fundus A. suspends the duodenum along its entire length
C. marks the termination of the stomach B. stabilizes the duodenojejunal flexure
D. marks the point of transition to the duodenum C. prevents the duodenum from collapsing at the
E has 4 distinct muscular rings pyloric-duodenal junctional fold
D. is a band of striated muscle suspending the lower
262. The angular notch of the stomach one-fourth of the duodenum
A. is usually absent E. passes superomedially from the duodenojejunal
B. separates the cardia from the fundus flexure
C. marks a vertical separation between the body of the
stomach and the pyloric portion 270. Duodenal villi are formed by the
D. occurs between the pyloric antrum and the terminal A. serous layer
pylorus B. mucosal layer
E. is a sharp indentation found on the lesser curvature C. submucosal layer
proximal to the pyloric antrum D. muscular layer
E. all of the above
263. The stomach
A. lies principally in the left superior quadrant of the 271. "The lesser duodenal the termination of the
abdomen A. main pancreatic duct
B. lies principally in the left inferior quadrant of the B. common bile duct
abdomen C. accessory pancreatic duct
C. is firmly fixed at its proximal and distal ends D. duct of Wirsung
D. joins the oesophagus by way of the fundus E. none of the above
E. is anchored at its distal end by means of its continuity
with the retroperitoneal duodenum which is attached 272. The lower left portion of the head of the pancreas is
to the body wall inserted behind the superior mesenteric vessels,
forming the
264. The stomach is A. caudate lobe
A. retroperitoneal B. quadrate lobe
B. ectopic C. uncinate process
C. extraperitoneal D. frenulum
D. subhepatic E. pancreatic papilla
E none of the above
265 the right and left

265=C, vagus267=B,
266=AC, nerves 268=AB,
above the269=BE, 270=B, 271=C, 272=C, 273=AD, 274=B, 275=B, 276=AD, 277=B, 278=D, 279=BCE
diaphragm form the
A. celiac plexus 273. The pancreas develops from which of the following
B. hypogastric plexus primordia?
C. oesophageal plexus A. dorsal
B. central
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C. superior C. cystic duct

D. ventral D. portal vein
E. none of the above E. hepatic artery
274. The pancreas is situated between which of the 281. Anterior and posterior segmental of the right
following arteries? hepatic artery divide in)
A. superior and inferior mesenteric A. right and left hepatic arteries
B. celiac and superior mesenteric B. middle segmental branches
C. right renal and right testicular C. superior area branches
D. splenic and left gastric D. lateral segmental branches
E. jejunal and ileal branches E. inferior area branches
275. The posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery 282. The left hepatic artery divides into
normally arises from which of the following arteries? A. anterior segmental branches
A. dorsal pancreatic B. posterior segmental branches
B. gastroduodenal C. medial segmental branches
C. superior mesenteric D. lateral segmental branches
D. interior mesenteric E. none of the above
E. splenic
283. Which of these statements apply to the hepatic
276. The nerves of the pancreas are autonomic nerves veins?
from which plexus? A. empty into the superior vena cava
A. celiac B. contain no valves
B. brachial C. are usually three in number
C. pharyngeal D. all of the above
D. superior mesenteric E. none of the above
E. cervical
284. The distinguishable hepatic veins are
277. The caudate process of the liver is a continuation of A. lateral
which of the following? B. left
A. quadrate lobe C. right
B. caudate lobe D. common
C. uncinate process E. middle
D. porta hepatis
E. none of the above 285. Which of the following layers are not associated
with the gallbladder?
278. Between the gallbladder fossa and the I sure of the A. serous
ligamentum teres lies which the following lobes of B. fibromuscular
the liver? C. mucosal
A. right D. submucosal
B. left E. tunica adventitia
C. caudate
D. quadrate 286. The gallbladder is normally suspended by which of
E. none of the above the following?
A. falciform ligament
279. The hepatoduodenal ligament transverses which of B. mesocyst
the following? C. mesentery
A. hepatic veins D. greater omentum
B. hepatic artery E. none of the above
C. portal vein
D. celiac trunk 287. The common bile duct passes through the wall of
E. common bile duct the small intestine along with the
A. cystic duct
B. celiac trunk
280=ADE, 281=CE, 282=CD, 283=D, 284=BCE, 285=DE, 286=E, 287=C, 288=C, 289=E,290=E, 291=BE, 292=DE, 293=D,294=C
280. The segments of the lever include ra of the
A. hepatic duct C. pancreatic duct
B. hepatic vein
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D. hepatic duct
E. spiral duct 295. The mesentery which attaches the jejunoileum to
the posterior wall contains which of the following?
288. A common site for impaction of gallstones is the A. inferior mesenteric vessels
A. fundus of the gallbladder B. cisterna chyli
B. minor duodenal papilla C. fat and areolar connective tissue
C. ampulla D. pancreas
D. cystic duct E. spleen
E. hepatic duct
289 Which of the following arteries may enter the porta muscular coats of the jejunoileum?
of the liver? A, complete circular layer
A. right hepatic B. incomplete longitudinal layer
B. left hepatic C. circular layer is thicker than the longitudinal layer
C. left hepatic branch of the left gastric D. between the two muscular layers lies the myenteric
D. middle hepatic nerve plexus
290 The cystic artery may arise as a branch of which of 297. The perivascular nerve plexus that surrounds the
the following arteries? superior mesenteric artery contains ____________
A. right hepatic A. parasympathetic preganglionic fibres
B. common hepatic B. sympathetic postganglionic fibres
C. superior mesenteric C. afferent nerve fibres
D. proper hepatic D. all of the above
291. Lymphatics of the liver 298. Which of these are characteristic of the colon?
A. do not exist A. teniae coli
B. are both superficial and deep B. Meckel's diverticulum
C. drain directly into the cisterna chyli C. retroperitoneal
D. are in two non-anastomosing sets D. haustra
E. are in two anastomosing sets E. epiploic appendages
292 Which of the following statements apply to the 299. Between the sacculations of the wall of the large
hepatic veins? intestine produced by the teniae, the wall is puckered
A. entirely extrahepatic and thrown into folds in the interior, which are
B. drain into the superior vena cava designated as the
C. are usually five in number A. circular folds
D. drain into the inferior vena cava B. villi
E. entirely intrahepatic C. semilunar folds
D. pseudocircular folds
293 The ileum section of the jejunoileum is the E. epiploic appendages
A. upper three-fifths (12 ft.) of the tube
B. upper two-fifths (8 ft.) of the tube 300. Which of the following apply to the cecum?
C. lower two-fifths (8 ft.) of the tube A. a blind pouch of the large intestine
D. lower three-fifths (12 ft.) of the tube B. lies below the junction of the ileum and colon
E. lower one-half (10 ft.) of the tube C. it is broader (7.5 cm.) than long (6 cm.)
D. occupies the right iliac fossa
294. Meckel's diverticulum is an occasional feature of E. all of the above
the
A. transverse colon 301 Which of these apply to the transverse colon?
B. ascending colon A, the largest and most movable part of the large
C. ileum intestine
D. jejunum B. begins in the right hepatic flexure
E. descending colon C. terminates in the left flexure opposite the spleen
D. attached by the transverse mesocolon
E. all of the above
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295=C, 296=ACD, 297=D, 298=ADE, 299=C, 300=E, 301=E, 302=BCD, 303=D, 304=C, 305=D, 306=BC, 307=B, 308=A
302 The vermiform appendix is
A. part of the small intestine 309. The superior rectal artery provides a major source
B. part of the large intestine of blood supply to which of the following?
C. only attached at its root A. sigmoid colon
D. found near the tip of the cecum B. distal end of the rectum
E. a functional organ in adults C. proximal end of the rectum
D. anal canal
303 The part of the large intestine characterized by its E. all of the above
S-shaped loop and by the presence of a mesocolon is
A. ascending colon 310. The line which separates the lymphatic, vascular,
B, descending colon and nerve supply of the anal canal is the
C. left colic flexure A. internal sphincter line
D. sigmoid colon B. pectinate line
E. transverse colon C. intermediate line
D. iliococcygeus line
304 The infolding of the end of the ileum into the large E. puborectalis line
intestine is called the
A. pyloric valve 311. The wall of the alimentary canal includes which of
B. left colic flexure the following?
C. ileocaecal valve A. tunica mucosa
D. juncture B. tela submucosa
E. taenia libera C. tunica muscularis
D. tunica serosa or fibrosa
305 Which of the following apply to the portal vein? E. all of the above
A. formed behind the neck of the pancreas
B. accompanied by lymphatic vessels 312. Variations in the structure of alimentary canal in
C. surrounded by the posterior hepatic plexus different regions are due primarily to differences in
D. all of the above A. lamina propria
E. none of the above B. lamina muscularis
C. tunica mucosa
306. The inferior mesenteric artery D. tela submucosa
A. arises from the renal artery E. tunica fibrosa
B. arises from the aorta just below the third portion of
the duodenum and at the level of the third lumbar 313. In the early embryo the digestive system is
vertebra represented by a continuous tube that extends from
C. gives off as branches the left colic, an anterior depression called the
sigmoid, and superior rectal arteries A. proctodeum
D. supplies the proximal two-thirds of the transverse B. ectoderm
colon C. stomodeum
E. is the major artery to the anus D. fossa ovalis
E. endoderm
307. Of the two terminal portions of the gastrointestinal
tract, only which of the following lies in the pelvis? 314. The lining epithelium of the digestive system is
A. sigmoid colon A. entirely ectodermal
B. rectum B. entirely entodermal
C. anal canal C. mesodermal
D. descending colon D. ectodermal and mesodermal
E. none of the above E. ectodermal and entodermal
308. The ampullary portion of the rectum rests on the 315. Which of the following statements apply to the
A. pelvic diaphragm terminal portion of the oesophagus?
B. symphysis pubis A. lies caudal to the diaphragm at the level of the
C. sacral promontory xiphoid process
D. suspensory ligament B. lies to the right of the midline
E. orifice of the ureter C. has a short abdominal portion
D. passes through the oesophageal hiatus of the
diaphragm
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E. all of the above B. hepatoduodenal

C. gastrohepatic
D. coronary
E. lienorenal
309=C, 310=B, 311=E, 312=C, 313=C, 314=E, 315=ACD, 316=C, 317=ABD, 318=A, 319=E, 320=ABD, 321=C, 322=A
316. The hepatic and pancreatic diverticula have their
origin from the
A. pylorus 323 The terminal portion of oesophagus is called the
B. fundus A. chyme
C. duodenum B. cardiac antrum
D. transverse colon C. fundus
E. ascending colon D. vestibule
E. gaster
317. The three abdominal portions of the alimentary
canal are supplied with blood by the 324 The stomach as observed in a cadaver
A. celiac A. is kidney-shaped
B. superior mesenteric B. is pear-shaped
C. superior iliac C. has a more expanded cranial two-thirds
D. inferior mesenteric D. has a more expanded caudal two-thirds
E. superficial epigastric E. has a narrower caudal one-third that curves toward
the right
318. The stomach develops from which portion of the
primitive digestive canal? 325 The first or cranial portion of the stomach is
A. foregut composed of
B. midgut A. the cardiac portion
C. hindgut B. the fundus
D. intestinal loop C. pyloric antrum
E. mesogastrium D. the neck
E. the body
319. The omental bursa communicates with the general
peritoneal cavity through an opening known as the 326 The mucosa lining of the stomach is corn posed of
A. gastric caecum a series of coarse gastric folds known as
B. foramen rotundum A. circular folds
C. iliac sinus B. rugae
D. pancreatic foramen C. plicae gastricae
E. epiploic foramen D. the angular notch
E. the cardiac notch
320. Which of the following statements apply to
intestinal rotation? 327 The transition from oesophageal mucosa to gastric
A. the axis of the intestinal loop is the superior mucosa
mesenteric artery A. takes place at a very definite point
B. the rotation is counter clockwise B. does not take place at a definite point
C. the rotation is clockwise C. may occur cranial to the cardiac notch
D. the cranial limb consists of the future jejunum and D. always occurs distal to the cardiac notch
ileum E. none of the above
328. The proximal end of the stomach
321. the caudal portion of dorsal mesogastrium arches A. contains the gas bubble
ventrally and caudally as an extensive fold called the B. is the fundus
A. mesocolon C. is the pylorus
B. lesser omentum D. remains somewhat distended even when the
C. greater omentum remainder of the stomach is empty and contracted
D. renal arch E. is never seen under x-ray examination
E. hepatogastric ligament
329. Which of the following statements are incorrectly
322. The portion of the primitive mesogastrium between applied to the stomach?
the stomach and the spleen persists as which of the A. length of the lesser curvature is 7.5 to 15 cm.
following ligaments? B. diameter varies according to the amount of contents
A. gastrosplenic C. the pyloric canal is the narrowest point in the
alimentary canal below the oesophagus
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D. capacity of the stomach is normally about 5 litres D pyloric sphincter

E. there is little variation in the dimensions of an E. suspensory muscles of the duodenum
individual stomach
323=B, 324=BCE, 325=ABE, 326=BC, 327=BC, 328=ABD, 329=ACD, 330=AC, 331=DE, 332=D, 333=A, 334=BD, 335=ACD, 336=AC
330. The peritoneum covering the stomach contributes

to which of the following? 337. The greater duodenal papilla is
A. greater omentum A. a small elevation where the common bile duct opens
B. ligamentum nuchae into the duodenum
C. lesser omentum B. a small elevation where the accessory pancreatic duct
D. ligamentum pyloris opens into the duodenum
E. intercostal ligament C. a small elevation where the pancreatic duct opens
into the duodenum
331. The muscular wall of the stomach D. found at the opening of the pyloris into the small
A. is thicker at the cardiac end intestine
B is thicker in the middle E. found on the medial wall of the descending portion of
C the same thickness throughout the duodenum
D is thickest at the pyloric end
E contains three smooth muscle layers 338 Which portion of the duodenum may be seen
distinctly on X-ray and is called the "duodenal cap"?
332. The musculature of the stomach A. first
A. consists of a single longitudinal layer B. third
B. consists of a single circular layer C. descending
C. consists of a longitudinal and circular layer only D. ascending
D. consists of more than two layers E. second
E. is a single multidirectional layer
339. The superior part of the duodenum is
333. The external tunica serosa of the stomach is the A. found at the level of the first lumbar vertebra
A. peritoneum B. called the descending portion
B. muscular layer C. found at the level of the third lumbar vertebra
C. tela subserosa D. in contact with the liver
D. tela submucosa E. also called the first portion
E. tunica mucosa
340. Ventrally, the descending duodenum is crossed by
334. The pyloric orifice during early stages of gastric A. inferior mesenteric vein
digestion B. ureter
A. remains open continuously C. transverse colon
B. usually remains closed, but after a variable time it D. aorta
relaxes at intervals to allow the chyme to be spurted E, testicular vessels
into the duodenum
C. goes through intermittent tonic contractions 341. Which of the following portions of the duodenum
D. shows no peristaltic movements terminates at the duodeno jejunal flexure?
E. none of the above A. second
B. descending
335. Which of the following segments make up the large C. ascending
intestine? D. horizontal
A. rectum E. first
B. jejunum
C. cecum 342 Which of the following recesses is situated to the
D. colon left of the last part of the duodenum and is formed by
E. ileum a fold produced by the inferior mesenteric vein?
A. superior duodenal
336. The descending portion of the duodenum receives B. inferior duodenal
the C. retroduodenal
A. common bile duct D. paraduodenal
B. portal vein E. none of the above
C. pancreatic ducts
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E. forms the right colic flexure

343. The mesentery
A. may be called the falciform ligament 350. The left colic flexure is connected with the
B. is a fan-shaped ruffled membrane diaphragm by a fold of peritoneum called
C. connects the jejunum and ileum to the dorsal A. phrenocolic ligament
abdominal wall B falciform ligament
D. is a fold of the peritoneum C coronary ligament
D triangular ligament
E none of the above
337=ACE, 338=A, 339=ADE, 340=C, 341=C, 342=D, 343=CDB, 344=B, 345=E, 346=A, 347=C, 348=E, 349=ABE, 350=A
E. connects the entire small intestine to the posterior

abdominal wall
351. The transverse colon is in relation cranially with
344. The mucosa of the small intestine A. gallbladder
A. is covered by transitional epithelial cells B. stomach
B. its surface area is increased by its villi and plicae C. spleen
C. contains no true lymph nodules D. all of the above
D. has the same type of appearance throughout its entire E. none of the above
length
E none of the above 352. Since the two ends of the sigmoid colon are
somewhat close together, the loop is anatomically
345 The large intestine predisposed to axial rotation, and which of the
A. is divided into five main parts following is frequent in this region?
B. is located between the ileum and the anus A. volvulus
C. contains epiploic appendages B. Meckel's diverticulum
D. includes the cecum C. sigmoid varicosity
E. all of the above D. congenital atresia
346 Which valve is situated at the opening of the ileum
into the large intestine? 353. In males, the rectum ends at the level of the apex of
A. ileocaecal A. pancreas
B. cecal B. adrenal gland
C. retrocecal C. prostate gland
D. dorsocecal D. testicles
347 The falciform fold of peritoneum attached to the 354. The caudal part of the rectum may present a
vermiform appendix is called the dilation where faeces may accumulate. This is called
A. tenia libera A. sacral flexure
B. great omentum B. perineal flexure
C. mesoappendix C. ampulla
D. tenia mesocolica D. interrectal recess
E. tenia omentalis E. pecten
348 Which of the following terms may apply to the 355. Which of the following muscles are associated with
position of the vermiform appendix' the caudal part of the anal canal and anus?
A. retrocolic A. puborectalis
B. postcecal B. pubococcygeus
C. pelvic C. iliococcygeus
D. preileal D. internal anal sphincter
E. all of the above E. all of the above
349 The ascending colon 356. There are important fibres that turn internally about
A lies on the right and extends from cecum to the the inferior limit of the internal anal sphincter to
inferior surface of the liver attach to the corium of the anal skin, and give to
B, is a subdivision of the large intestine which of the following a firm character?
C. is part of the small intestine A. pecten
D. is about 40 cm. in length B. anal columns
C. rectococcygeal
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D. rectouterine muscle which of the following were not taken into account?
E. anal valve A hepatic triad
B arterial supply
357. The conjoined longitudinal muscle of the anus C venous drainage
A. completely encircles the anal canal D external lobulation
B. does not exist E branching of the hepatic triad
C. is entirely skeletal muscle
D. is composed of fibres of both the levator ani muscle 365 which of these are not true segments of the liver?
and the longitudinal muscle stratum of the rectum A ventral middle
E. none of the above B. dorsal middle
C. left lateral
358 The hepatic hilus includes which of the following? D. right dorsocaudal
E. right lateral
351=D, 352=C, 353=C, 354=C, 355=E, 356=A, 357=AD, 358=D, 359=CDE, 360=D, 361=A, 362=CE, 363=A, 364C,365=E
A porta hepatis
B fissure of the ligamentum teres 366. The right dorsocaudal true segment of the liver is
C right hepatic fissure drained by which of the following?
D all of the above A. the right dorsolateral hepatic vein
E none of the above B. the right hepatic vein
C. the right dorsocaudal hepatic vein
359 The right lobe of the liver D. the right dorsal hepatic vein
A. makes up about one-fifth of the entire liver E. all of the above
B. is related cranially, through the diaphragm, to the
heart 367. The dorsal middle true segment of the liver is
C. makes up the greater part of the liver drained by which of these minor hepatic veins?
D. when used in the traditional sense includes the A. dorsocaudal
quadrate and caudate lobes B. dorsal
E. shows a large renal impression on the visceral surface C. caudal caudate
D. dorsal intersegmental
360 which of the following is not a lobe of the liver? E. cranial caudate
A right
B left 368. The course of the left hepatic vein which drains the
C caudate left lateral true segment of the liver is
D uncinate A through the substance of the segment
E quadrate B through the left cleft
C in the fissure of the ligamentum teres
361 the quadrate lobe of the liver lies between D in the fissure of the ligamentum venosum
A fossa of the gallbladder and ligamentum teres E in the cranial transverse fissure
B inf. vena cava on the right & oesophagus on the left
C the caudate and the papillary process 369 The bile ductules from the left side of the liver are
D fossa of the gallbladder and the right lobe received by the
E none of the above A right hepatic duct
B left hepatic duct
362 which of the following are not ligaments of the C common hepatic duct
liver? D left cranial ductule
A coronary ligament E subvesical bile duct
B right triangular ligament
C epiploic ligament 370 The left branch of the portal vein gives off one
D falciform ligament vein from its transverse portion known as the
E transverse ligament A cranial left paramedian vein
B caudal left paramedian vein
363 the arrangement of the portal vein, hepatic artery C left dorsal paramedian vein
and bile duct has led to their being referred to as the D left cranial vein
A hepatic triad E left caudal vein
B porta hepatis
C hepatic hilus 371 Which of these contribute to the hepatic plexus?
D hepatic segment A thoracolumbar efferent fibres
E hepatic vascular lobule B craniosacral efferent fibres
C vagus nerve
364 in dividing the liver into internal subdivisions,
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D celiac plexus
E. all of the above 379 The ducts leading from the pancreas include which
of the following?
372 Correct concerning the gallbladder……. A. common bile duct
A. stores and concentrates bile B. Stenson's duct
B. is situated between the right and quadrate lobes on C. cystic duct
the visceral surface of the liver D. hepatic duct
C. is commonly pear-shaped E. none of the above
D. is often seen projecting beyond the inferior border of
the liver 380 Which of the following vessels provide the arterial
E. all of the above blood supply of the pancreas?
A. splenic
373 Which of these are not correct of the cystic duct? B. superior mesenteric
A. joins the hepatic duct to form the common bile duct C. common hepatic
B. contains a spiral valve D. all of the above
366=E,367=CE, 368=ADE, 369=B, 370=C, 371=E, 372=E, 373=E, 374=D, 375=BCE, 376=BD, 377=A, 378=BCD, 379=E, 380=D
C. runs parallel to right hepatic duct
D. the duct is about 3.5 cm. long
E. empties directly into the duodenum 381 The perirenal fat
A. does not cross the midline to join the fat of the
374 Which of the following statements apply to the opposite side
course of the common bile duct? B. completely invests the kidney
A. passes caudally between the layers of the C. is known as the adipose capsule
hepatoduodenal ligament D. extends through the hilus into the renal sinus
B. lies ventral to the portal vein E. lies between posterior renal fascia anteriorly and
C. lies to the right of the hepatic artery transversalis fascia muscle posteriorly
D. all of the above
E. none of the above 382 The pararenal fat
A. completely invests the adrenal gland
375. The peritoneum surrounding the developing liver B. completely invests the kidney
aids in the formation of which of the following? C. is known as the adipose capsule
A. Camper's fascia D. extends through the hilus into the renal sinus
B. lesser omentum E. lies between posterior renal fascia anteriorly and
C. coronary ligament transversalis fascia muscles posteriorly
D. fundiform ligament
E. falciform ligament 383 The oesophagus
A. is generally 40 cm. in length
376 the varieties of abnormal liver grooves include: B. begins at the lower border of the cricoid cartilage
A. pleural C. begins in the neck opposite the sixth cervical vertebra
B. diaphragmatic D. ends at the level of the eleventh thoracic vertebra
C. mesenteric E. presents four slight but distinct curves in its course
D. costal
E. venous 384. The muscular coat of the oesophagus
A. has an external plane of longitudinal fibres
377. In the newborn infant the liver represents about B. is composed entirely of smooth muscle
what percent of the total body weight? C. is innervated by the greater splanchnic nerve
A. 4 D. lies next to the tunica mucosa
B. 21 E. has an internal plane of circular fibres
C. 48
D. 60 385. The oesophagus communicates with the stomach
E. 17 by an opening called the
A pyloric antrum
378 The pancreas takes part in B magenstrasse
A. mineral metabolism C aortic hiatus
B. protein digestion D cardiac orifice
C. fat digestion E pyloric orifice
D. carbohydrate digestion
E. the synthesis of vitamins 386. The pyloric valve is a muscular ring formed by a
thickening of which of the following layers?
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A. longitudinal muscular C. invaginated to form Peyer's crypts

B. circular muscular D. directly related to the formation of Meckel's
C. oblique muscular diverticulum
D. serous E. formed from the dorsal mesogastrium
E. mucous
394 The cecum
387. What type of cell is the most characteristic cell A. is the large blind pouch situated below the colic valve
found in the gastric glands of the stomach? B. is situated in the left iliac fossa
A. chief C. rests on the iliacus and psoas major
B. parietal D. is normally in a fixed position
C. gastric E. is normally retroperitoneal
D. pyloric
E. cardiac 395 The appendix
A. is retained by fold of peritoneum known as the
388. The parietal cells mesenteriole
A. are the most characteristic cells in the gastric glands B. was originally the apex of the cecum
B. form a continuous layer all along the walls of the C. may be called the vermiform process
gastric glands D. is formed by the frenula of the ileocaecal valve
E. always hangs freely in the pelvis
381=BCD, 382=E, 383=BCD, 384=AE, 385=D, 386=B, 387=B, 388=ADE, 389=BDE, 390=B, 391=ACD, 392=E, 393=B, 394=AC, 395=AC
C. are slightly smaller than the chief cells
D. are the source of hydrochloric acid ii the gastric juice 396 The transverse colon is
E. have an intensely acidophilic cytoplasm A. the shortest and least movable part of the colon
B. without a mesocolon
389. The small intestine C. retroperitoneal
A. increases in size from its commencement to its D. almost completely invested by peritoneum
termination E. connected to the inferior border of the pancreas by
B. is approximately seven meters length the transverse mesocolon
C. terminates at the duodenojejunal flexure
D. extends from the pylorus to the & valve 397 The rectum
E. is divisible into three portions A. takes origin at the level of the third lumbar vertebra
B. is about 12 mm. long
390. The common bile duct and the pancreatic duct C. ends distally in the anal canal
together perforate the medial side of the D. is dilated near its termination to form the ampulla
A. superior aspect of the jejunum E. is continuous above with the sigmoid colon
B. descending portion of the duodenum
C. ascending portion of the duodenum 398. Plicae transversales recti
D. second portion of the duodenum A. are transverse folds of the rectum
E. transverse portion of the ileum B. may be called Houston's valves
C. are found at the ileocaecal junction
391 The ileum D. overlap each other when the intestine is empty
A. is less vascular than the jejunum E. are six to eight in number and located in the rectum
B. possesses many circular folds
C. contains numerous aggregated nodules 399 The anal canal
D. occupies the umbilical, hypogastric right iliac, and A. contains no blood vessels
pelvic regions B. is distal to the rectum
E. ends in the left iliac fossa C. begins at the level of the apex of the prostate
D. is directed forward and downward
392 Aggregations of lymphatic nodules that occur in E. has no peritoneal covering
the small intestine are known as
A. Auerbach's plexus 400 The proximal half of the anal canal presents a
B. lacteals number of vertical folds known as
C. Hassel's corpuscles A. rectal columns
D. Paneth's nodes B. rectal sinuses
E. Peyer's patches C. anal valves
D. pectin columns
393 Circular folds are E. anococcygeal columns
A. nonexistent in the proximal end of the ileum
B. formed by both the tela submucosa and tunica 401. A prominent marking of the left central part of the
mucosa
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liver's visceral surface is the B. opens into the jejunum

A. porta hepatis C. is found at the level of the fourth lumbar vertebra
B. ductus venosus D. may have two ducts
C. tuber omentale E. is a simple gland
D. pons hepatis
E. none of the above 409 About which of the following foetal weeks do the
two pancreatic anlage meet and fuse, establishing
402. The name of the fossa which extends from the communication between their ducts?
notch on the anterior margin of the liver to the upper A. second
border of the posterior surface and separates the right B. sixth
and left lobe is the C. twelfth
A. left epiploic fossa D. eleventh
B. left sagittal fossa E. none of the above
C. hepatic fossa
D. caudate fossa 410. The pancreatic duct
E. left falciform fossa A. extends transversely from the superior border to the
inferior border
403 Which of these vessels connect to the liver? B. receives ducts of the various lobule which compose
A. hepatic artery the gland
B. portal vein C. always opens into the duodenum in conjunction with
C. superior vena cava the common bile duct
D. commences at the tail of the pancreas
396=DE, 397=CDE, 398=ABD, 399=BCE, 400=A, 401=A, 402=B, 403=ABD, 404=A, 405=C,
E. frequently 406=B,
gives 407=AC,
off an 408=AD,
accessory 409=B, duct
pancreatic 410=BDE
D. hepatic vein
E. umbilical artery
411. The exocrine portion of the pancreas
404 The vessel that drains the liver lobules is the A. is mainly lobular in structure
A. central or intralobular vein B. is formed by small clumps of cells which secrete
B. interlobular vein insulin
C.. hepatic artery C. is the source of pancreatic juice
D. portal vein D. makes up the greatest bulk of the pancreas
E. capsular branch E. secretes a substance taken up directly by the blood
stream
405 In the adult liver the obliterated umbilical vein
forms the 412. Several collecting tubules of the kidney unite
A. coronary ligament together to form a papillary which opens into
B. lateral ligament A. a venulae rectae
C. round ligament (ligamentum teres hepatis) B. the distal tubule
D. falciform ligament C. the collecting tubule
E. cruciate ligament D. a minor calyx
E. a renal corpuscle
406 The cystic duct joins which of the following ducts
to form the common bile duct? 413 Which of the following vessels in the superficial
A. pancreatic part of the cortex of the kidney communicate through
B. hepatic the fibrous capsule with minute veins in the renal fat?
C. accessory pancreatic A. lymph vessels
D. Wharton's B. stellate venules
E. Stenson's C. vasa afferentia
D. "juxtamedullary" vein
407. The sphincter of Oddi is located at the terminal E. renal vein
portion(s) of
A. the pancreatic duct 414. The nerve which passes on each side of a ureter
B. the hepatic duct and connects the superior hypogastric plexus with the
C. the common bile duct inferior hypogastric plexus is known as the
D. accessory pancreatic duct A. puboprostatic nerve
E. the gallbladder B. obturator nerve
C. pudendal nerve
408 the pancreas D. perineal nerve
A develops from a dorsal and ventral anlage E. hypogastric nerve
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415. The bases of the renal pyramids are separated from 422. The ureter proper enters the pelvic cavity by
the surface of the kidney by a layer called the A. running caudally and medially on the psoas major
A. renal sinus B. crossing either the termination of the common, or the
B. renal column commencement of the external iliac vessels
C. medulla C. following the internal spermatic vessels
D. cortex D. way of the renal artery
E. papillae E. running parallel to the duodenum
416. The apices of renal pyramids project into the minor 423. The lateral border of the left kidney is
calyces as the A. convex
A. convoluted part of the cortex B concave in the centre
B. renal columns of the cortex C directed toward the posterolateral wall of the
C. renal papillae abdomen
D. glomerulus D is in contact with the spleen
E. descending limb of Henle's loop E resting on the eighth thoracic vertebrae
417. Renal corpuscles 424. Which of the following constitutes a nephron?

A. are located in the convoluted part of the cortex A. a glomerulus to Bowman's capsule
B. are found in the renal papillae B. glomerulus to other glomeruli
C. are leukocytes removed from the blood by the C. Bowman's capsule to a collecting tubule or excretory
kidneys duct
D. consist of a glomerular capsule and its enclosed D. an excretory duct to the bladder
capillaries E. Bowman's capsule to the ureter
411=ACD, 412=D, 413=B, 414=E, 415=D, 416=C, 417=AD, 418=AC, 419=ABC, 420=ACD, 421=C, 422=AB, 423=ACD, 424=C
E. are located between the descending and ascending

limbs of Henle's loop 425. The loop of Henle
A. describes a part of renal tubule
418. The kidneys are situated such that B. describes the curve of Bowman's capsule
A. the cranial extremity of both kidneys are nearer the C. follows the curve of the bladder
midline than the caudal extremity D. is not found in the medullary substances of the
B. they are surrounded by muscle tissue kidney
C. their upper extremities are on a level with the upper E. contains both a descending and ascending limb
border of the twelfth thoracic vertebra
D. left kidney touches superior pole of the right kidney 426. The renal artery
E. their upper extremities are level with the umbilicus A. supplies only the anterior or ventral half of each
kidney
419. The right suprarenal gland is B. is the major blood vessel of the kidneys
A. dorsal to the inferior vena cava C. is a branch of the abdominal aorta
B. dorsal to the right lobe of the liver D. supplies only the posterior or dorsal half of each
C. located at the superior pole of the right kidney kidney
D. oval in shape E. is a branch of the infundibular artery
E. without a hilum
427. Which of the following statements are not true
420. The posterior surface of each kidney concerning the kidney?
A. lies upon the diaphragm A. the kidneys are rigidly fixed in the abdominal wall
B. is in direct contact with the transverse colon B. the surface of the kidney is smooth and deep red
C. is entirely devoid of peritoneal covering C. renal sinus expands to form the renal hilum
D. is directed medially D. the kidney consists of an internal medullary and an
E. is embedded in muscle external cortical substance
E. renal pyramids are found within the cortical region
421. The "floating kidney" is believed to be caused by
A. an acquired condition 428. The cortical region of the kidney
B. poor nourishment during infancy A. dips in between adjacent pyramids
C. a congenital condition due to the development of a B. is granular in consistence
mesonephron C. has within it conical regions and convoluted parts
D. a severe "blow" D. all of the above
E. the administration of certain anti-diuretics E. none of the above
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A. direct inguinal hernias

429. Which of the following statements concerning the B. indirect inguinal hernias
glomerulus is not true? C. umbilical hernias
A. is a tuft of anastomosing capillaries • D. caput medusae
B. derived from an arteriole, the afferent vessel E. none of the above
C. the efferent arteriole leaves Bowman's capsule
D. each glomerulus contains a scanty amount of 436. The peritoneal covering of organs is termed
connective tissue A. lesser omentum
E. the glomerulus does not contain any connective tissue B. greater omentum
C. parietal peritoneum
430. Which of the following ligaments is a strong D. visceral peritoneum
aponeurotic band of fibres which continues laterally E. coronal ligament
from the lacunar ligament along the pectineal line of
the pubis? 437. Functions of the peritoneum include:
A. iliopectineal A. reduction of friction
B. pectineal B. resistance to infection
C. reflected inguinal C. storage of fat
D. intercrural D. all of the above
E. fundiform E. none of the above
431. The fascia on the inner surface of the transversus 438. Important portal-systemic anastomoses are
abdominis is which of the following? anastomoses between the oesophageal and which of
A. innominate these veins?
B. superficial A. gastroepiploic
C. vaginal B. left gastric
C. splenic
D. renal
E. none
425=AE, 426=BC, 427=AE, 428=D, 429=AD, 430=B, 431=E, 432=ACD, of the 434=C,
433=AD, above 435=D, 436=D, 437=D, 438=B
D. deep
E. transversalis
439 In contrast to the ileum, the jejunum is usually
432. Which of the following statements may 1 applied A. more often empty
to the inguinal canal? B more vascular
A. oblique passage through the abdominal wall C. thicker walled
B. approximately 8 cm. in length D. without a mesentery
C. occupied in males by the spermatic cord E. retroperitoneal
D. contains the ilioinguinal nerve
E. contains no nerve in the female 440 Which of these statements apply to the mesentery?
A. consists of two layers of peritoneum
433. Which of the following structures in the \ male pass B. contain branch of the superior mesenteric vessels
lateral to the inferior epigastric vessels? C. fan-shaped
A. ductus deferens D. root is about 15 cm. long
B. ureter E. all of the above
C. urethra
D. round ligament of the uterus 441 Which of the following are small masses of fat,
E. none of the above enclosed in peritoneum, which extend from the
surface of the large intestine?
434. Subcutaneous veins near the umbilicus anastomose A taenia omentalis
with which of the following by way of branches B. taenia libera
along the ligamentum teres of the liver? C. haustra
A. superior epigastric veins D. sacculations
B. inferior epigastric veins E. appendices epiploicae
C. portal vein
D. thoracoepigastric vein 442 The appendicular artery is a branch of which of the
E. none of the above following arteries?
A. inferior epigastric
435. Anastomoses between the portal and systemic B. inferior mesenteric
systems may enlarge in portal obstruction to form? C. ileocolic
D. external iliac
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E. internal iliac 450. The ureter may be constricted to a variable degree

at which of the following areas?
443. Which of the following statements apply to the A. junction of ureter and renal pelvis
spleen? B. where it crosses the pelvic inlet
A. retroperitoneal C. during its course through the wall of the bladder
B. usually palpable D. all of the above
C. very mobile E. none of the above
D. lies against the ninth, tenth, and eleventh ribs
E. lies against the diaphragm 451. The suprarenal glands are innervated b\ which of
the following nerves?
444. The nerve supply for the spleen includes which of A. celiac plexus
the following? B. lumbar splanchnic
A. celiac plexus C. pelvic splanchnic
B. lumbar splanchnic D. vagus
C. pelvic splanchnic E. none of the above
D. hypogastric nerve
E. none of the above 452. Which of the following arteries are paired
A. median sacral
445. Which of the following structures are important in B. inferior phrenic
relation to the posterior aspect of the kidneys? C. lumbar
A. diaphragm D. common iliac
B. psoas major E. superior mesenteric
C. quadratus lumborum
D. twelfth rib, 453. Which of the following statements apply to lumbar
E. all of the above arteries?
A. run between the psoas major and the vertebral bodies
446 Approximately how many nephrons does each B. small segmental arteries
kidney contain? C. arise from the anterior wall of aorta
A. 100,000 D. usually six to eight pairs
B. 500,000 E. all of the above
439=ABC, 440=E, 441=E, 442=C, 443=CDE, 444=A, 445=E, 446=C, 447=ABE, 448=A, 449=D, 450=D, 451=AB, 452=BCD, 453=AB
C. 1,000,000
D. 10,000,000 454. The middle suprarenal arteries arise which of the
E. 100,000,000 following?
A. inferior phrenic artery
447 The nerve supply to the kidneys include which of B. aorta
the following? C. renal artery
A. celiac plexus D. splenic artery
B. intermesenteric plexus E. celiac trunk
C. lumbar splanchnic
D. pelvic splanchnic 455. The portal vein:
E. aorticorenal A. enters the hepatoduodenal ligament
B. ascends behind the bile duct and hepatic artery
448 The extraperitoneal tissue lateral to the kidney C. shows frequent anomalies
condenses to form a membranous layer called D. divides at the porta hepatis
A. renal fascia E. receives the right renal vein
B. perirenal fat
C. pararenal fat 456. Which of the following statements apply to the
D. perinephric space inferior vena cava?
E. the capsule of the kidney A. valveless
B. formed by the junction of the two common iliac veins
449 Which of the following statements apply to the C. ascends to the left of the aorta
right ureter? D. passes through the central tendon of the diaphragm
A. lies behind the second part of the duodenum E. all of the above
B. is crossed by the root of the mesentery
C. is crossed by the gonadal vessels 457. The right gonadal vein usually empties into :
D. all of the above A. right renal vein
E. none of the above B. inferior vena cava
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C. splenic vein E. supplies the skin above the pubis

D. portal vein
E. superior mesenteric vein 464 Which of the following statements apply to the
femoral nerve?
458. The left suprarenal vein usually empties into which A. largest branch of the lumbar plexus
of the following? B. arises chiefly from L4, L3, and L2
A. inferior vena cava C. descends between the psoas and iliacus
B. left renal vein D. present in somewhat less than one-tenth of instances
C. splenic vein E. descends medial to the psoas
D. portal vein
E. inferior mesenteric vein 465 Which of the following statements apply to the
genitofemoral nerve?
459. Except for the lymphatics of the upper part of the A. emerges from the front of the psoas muscle
abdominal wall, the lymphatic drainage of the B. supplies the skin of the femoral triangle
abdomen converges on which of these nodes? C. supplies the cremaster muscle
A. lumbar D. enters the thigh through the obturator foramen
B. aortic E. none of the above
C. inguinal
D. axillary 466 Which of the following statements apply to the
E. deep cervical accessory obturator nerve?
A. usually present
460. The thoracic duct passes upward through which of B. descends medial to the psoas
the following parts of the diaphragm? C. enters the thigh through the obturator foramen
A. caval foramen D. arises from L3 and L4
B. oesophageal hiatus E. all of the above
C. aortic hiatus
D. medial lumbocostal arch 467 The medial and lateral arcuate ligaments of the
E. lateral lumbocostal arch diaphragm bridge which of the following muscles?
A. pectineus
B. iliacus
C. psoas
D. quadratus lumborum
E. none
454=B, 455=ABD, 456=ABD, 457=B, 458=B, 459=AB, 460=C, 461=AB, 462=A, of the above
463=CDE, 464=ABC, 465=ABC, 466=BD, 467=CD
461 The abdominal branches of the vagus nerves

contain which of the following?
A. sensory fibres 468 Which of the following statements apply to the
B. parasympathetic fibres psoas major?
C. sympathetic fibres A. inserts onto the lesser trochanter of the femur
D. postganglionic parasympathetic fibres B. innervated by the lumbar plexus
E. all of the above C. contains a psoas sheath
D. present in less than 40 percent of individuals studied
462 Which of the following nerves carry a major part E. all of the above
of the sympathetic and sensory supply of the
abdominal viscera? 469 The quadratus lumborum is supplied by which of
A. greater splanchnic the following nerves?
B. lumbar splanchnic A. subcostal nerve
C. pelvic splanchnic B. lumbar plexus
D. femoral C. vagus
E. obturator D. greater splanchnic
E. pelvic splanchnic
463 Which of the following statements apply to the
iliohypogastric nerve? 470 Which of the following statements apply to the
A. accompanies the spermatic cord through the inguinal supracristal plane?
canal A. located at the level of the fourth lumbar vertebra
B. gives rise to the anterior scrotal nerve B. a horizontal plane between the highest points of the
C. runs behind the lower part of the kidney iliac crest
D. runs in front of the quadratus lumborum C. another name for the linea alba
D. may also be called the infrasternal angle
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E. none of the above E. all of the above
471. Which of the following planes is a horizontal 478. Which of the following statements apply to the
plane through the tubercles of the iliac crest, at the fascia of the transverse abdominis?
level of the fifth lumbar vertebra? A. gives rise to the internal spermatic fascia
A. transpyloric B. aids in the formation of the lacunar ligament
B. transtubercular C. is well developed in the inguinal region
C. supracristal D. all of the above
D. right lateral E. none of the above
E. left lateral
472. Which of the following planes is a horizontal plane inguinal triangle ?
approximately halfway between the jugular notch of A. site of direct inguinal hernia
the sternum and the pubic symphysis? B. bounded laterally by the inferior epigastric vessels
A. supracristal C. bounded medially by the lateral border of the rectus
B. transtubercular abdominis muscle
C. transpyloric D. all of the above
D. right lateral E. none of the above
E. left lateral
480. Which of the following parts of the stomach is the
473. The transpyloric plane is located at the level of most fixed part of the organ?
which of the following vertebrae? A. pyloric antrum
A. fifth lumbar B. fundus
B. tenth thoracic C. greater curvature
C. first lumbar D. lesser curvature
D. third lumbar E. cardiac orifice
E. seventh thoracic
481. The supraduodenal artery usually arises from
474. When the arm is at the side, the medial epicondyle which of the following arteries?
of the humerus is about at the level of which of the A. gastroduodenal
following? B. splenic
A. first lumbar vertebra C. common hepatic
B. transpyloric plane D. right gastroepiploic
C. supracristal plane E. right hepatic
D. transtubercular plane
E. midinguinal point
468=ABC, 469=AB, 470=AB, 471=B, 472=C, 473=C, 474=AB, 475=E, 476=C, 477=E, 478=E, 479=D, 480=E, 481=A
475. The midinguinal point marks the location ;
of which of the following? 482. The dorsal pancreatic artery usually arises from
A. ductus deferens which of the following arteries?
B. inferior epigastric artery A. inferior mesenteric
C. deep circumflex iliac artery B. splenic
D. deep inguinal ring C. right renal
E. all of the above D. left renal
E. right gastric
476. A communicating channel which connects the
supra- and infra-umbilical vessels is known as which 483. The caudal pancreatic artery usually arises from
of the following veins? which of the following arteries?
A. long thoracic A. hepatic
B. lateral thoracic B. cystic
C. thoracoepigastric C. renal
D. hemiazygous D. splenic
E. azygous E. superior mesenteric
477. The rectus sheath contains which of the following ? 484. The pancreatic magna artery is usually a branch of
A. rectus abdominis muscle which of the following arteries?
B. pyramidalis muscle A. splenic
C. superior epigastric vessels B. hepatic
D. terminations of nerves T7—T 12
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C. celiac B. right lobe of liver

D. gastroduodenal C. left lobe of the liver
E. renal D. caudate lobe of liver
E. quadrate lobe of liver
485. A superior polar artery to the spleen usually arises
from which of the following arteries? 492. A defect between the mesentery and 497.
A. celiac posterior peritoneum may be the site of an internal
B. splenic hernia known as which of the following hernias?
C. hepatic A. direct inguinal
D. renal B. umbilical
E. left colic C. indirect inguinal
D. mesenteric parietal
486. An inferior polar artery to the spleen usually arises E. none of the above
from which of the following arteries?
A. left renal 493. Anomalies of luminal development include which
B. cystic of the following?
C. splenic A atresia
D. gastroduodenal B stenosis
E. left gastroepiploic C duplication of the bowel lumen
D all of the above
487. Which of the following arteries is usually found in E none of the above
the cystohepatic triangle?
A. splenic 494. Occasionally, a vascular band extends from the
B. gastroduodenal posterior abdominal wall to the anterior surface of
C. cystic the ascending colon which is known as which of the
D. common hepatic following membranes?
E. right gastric A. paracolic
B. intercolic
488. Which of the following structures are boundary C. cystocolic
lines for the cystohepatic triangle? D. hepatocolic
A. cystic duct E. renal colic
B. common hepatic duct
C. liver 495. Which of the following fossae results from a failure
D. all of the above of fixation of the mesentery of the cecum to the
E. none of the above posterior peritoneum?
A. superior ileocaecal
B. paraduodenal
C. retrocecal
D. intersigmoid
E. 490=B,
482=B, 483=D, 484=A, 485=B, 486=E, 487=C, 488=D, 489=C, inferior 491=A,
ileocaecal
492=D, 493=D, 494=A, 495=C
489. The gallbladder develops as a secondary

outpouching of
A. yolk sac 496. Which of the following arteries arise from the
B. dorsal pancreatic anlage inferior mesenteric artery?
C. hepatic diverticulum A. left colic
D. cecum B. middle colic
E. gastric folds C. sigmoid branches
490. The radiologists designate which of the following D. ileal branches

structures as the phrygian cap? E. superior rectal
A. first part of the duodenum
B. fundus of the gallbladder 497 Which of the following arteries arise from the
C. fundus of the stomach superior mesenteric artery?
D. the duodenal jejunal junction A. middle colic artery
E. none of the above B. right colic artery
C. ileocolic artery
491. The common hepatic duct begins in the D. ileal branches
A. porta hepatis E. all of the above
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A. perirenal fascia
B. false capsule
C. pararenal
D. fat capsule
498 Capillary lymphatic plexuses are located in which
of the following layers of the large intestine? 500. The true fibrous capsule of the kidney is called the
A. mucosal A. fat capsule
B. submucosal B. renal fascia
C. muscular C. renal capsule
D. subserosal D. perirenal fat capsule
E. all of the above E. retrorenal capsule
499. The renal fascia is also referred to as

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496=ACE, 497=E, 498=E, 499=AB, 500=C.

Goodluck in all the good things you do in life to benefit not only yourself, Amiin.
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Anatomy MCQS: Abdomen: 1 BC 2 D 3 CD 4 B 5 D 6 A 7 C 8 D 9 E 10 BCD 11 CDE 12 BC 13 BCD

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Anatomy MCQS: Abdomen: 1 BC 2 D 3 CD 4 B 5 D 6 A 7 C 8 D 9 E 10 BCD 11 CDE 12 BC 13 BCD

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ANATOMY MCQs: ABDOMEN

Directions: Each of the questions or incomplete statements below is followed by

1. The infrasternal angle is formed below the C. seventh

14 Which of the following statements apply to the

41. Which of the following is the peritoneal reflection

54. Which of the following statements apply to the D. renal

A. medulla of the kidney E. all of the above t

100. Meckel's diverticulum represents

E. all of the above B. descending colon

114 Which of114=AC, 115=D,

128 The external abdominal oblique130=CD,

B. totals 360 degrees muscle of the duodenum

141. Which of the following statements apply to the

lower lateral border medulla of the suprarenal?

159. Which of the following statements apply to the

153. Which of the following

166. Which of the 166=AD,

right suprarenal gland?

179 Which of the 179=C,

A. does not develop in the condition known as D. median umbilical fold

199 Which of the following ligaments are not

192. The superficial circumflex iliac vein drains) into

E. none of the above A. mucous layer

207 the paraduodenal recess209=AE,

C. obliterated umbilical vein A. anterior abdominal wall

236. Which of236=D,

freely with those below the umbilicus by way of in the body?

250 The inguinal canal in

tenth thoracic vertebra D. hepatic and gastroduodenal branches

265 the right and left

C. superior C. cystic duct

E. all of the above B. hepatoduodenal

D. capacity of the stomach is normally about 5 litres D pyloric sphincter

330. The peritoneum covering the stomach contributes

E. forms the right colic flexure

E. connects the entire small intestine to the posterior

A. longitudinal muscular C. invaginated to form Peyer's crypts

liver's visceral surface is the B. opens into the jejunum

417. Renal corpuscles 424. Which of the following constitutes a nephron?

E. are located between the descending and ascending

A. direct inguinal hernias

E. internal iliac 450. The ureter may be constricted to a variable degree

C. splenic vein E. supplies the skin above the pubis

461 The abdominal branches of the vagus nerves

E. none of the above E. all of the above

C. celiac B. right lobe of liver

489. The gallbladder develops as a secondary

490. The radiologists designate which of the following D. ileal branches

499. The renal fascia is also referred to as

496=ACE, 497=E, 498=E, 499=AB, 500=C.

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