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Rules and Policies Under The Martial Law of Ferdinand Marcos
Rules and Policies Under The Martial Law of Ferdinand Marcos
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A Synthesis Paper
Presented to
College of Social Sciences and Humanities
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
Prescribed in Readings in Philippine History (GEC105)
_________________________________________
By:
January 2021
Introduction
Ferdinand Marcos is one of the presidents of the Philippines and ruled with an
iron fist. According to Szczepanski (2019) Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos Sr. also
known as Ferdinand Marcos was born in the village of Sarrat, on the island of Luzon, the
Philippines, to Mariano and Josefa Marcos on Sept. 11, 1917. Persistent rumors say the
biological father of Ferdinand was a man called Ferdinand Chua, who acted as his
godfather. Officially, however, Mariano Marcos, the partner of Josefa, was the father of
the child. Ferdinand Marcos died in September 28, 1989 when he was 72 years old he
died in exile here today at St. Francis Medical Center after a long battle with heart, lung
and kidney ailments. In Manila, Marcos attended school. Ferdinand Chua, his godfather,
may have helped pay for his education expenses. The young man practiced law at the
University of the Philippines, outside Manila, during the 1930s. This legal experience
would come in handy when Marcos was arrested and tried for a political assassination in
1935. Currently, while in jail, he continued his studies and even passed the bar
Ferdinand Marcos declared Martial Law in 1972; he claimed that he had done so
the Philippines (CPP), and the sectarian "rebellion" of the Mindanao Independence
Movement (MIM). He used his constitutionally legal powers to consolidate all state
Ferdinand Marcos took great pains in everything he did to ensure that his actions would
align with the law's dictates. When required steps fall beyond the control of current
legislation, before continuing, he modified the laws to solve his problems. Marcos has
been labeled a constitutional dictator for implementing such a strategy his rapid ascent to
In accordance, Sounds (2020) stated the definition of Martial Law that in general;
uncommon, martial law has come into effect in a series of prominent U.S. cases,
including in times of war, natural disaster, and civic disagreement. Although there is no
clear concept of martial law, there is a context for it in which such civil rights, such as the
right to be free from arbitrary searches and arrests, freedom of expression and freedom of
travel, can be revoked. And the habeas corpus could be (the right to a hearing until
imprisonment) could be withdrawn. Martial law may be declared by both the president
and by Congress. State officials may also declare martial law, according to the Brennan
Center for Justice. When President Ferdinand Marcos starts the declaration of Martial
Law on September 21, 1972 every government rules and policies change to Military law,
This Synthesis paper talks about how the Ferdinand Marcos administration
implements their rules and policies to the people. The main point of this research is to
know how Rules and Policies under Martial Law of Ferdinand Marcos affect the daily
Under the declaration of martial law all government rules will immediately
change into military authority and that’s the reason why many people experience abuses
from military because the government can’t provide the people the human rights they
need. Military authority will implemented all the policies that people should follow. If
one person doesn’t follow those policies they will immediately capture and get imprison.
Marcos essentially put the whole force of government under one man's rule: his own.
Marcos was to lead the country and direct’s entire government to operate. He directed the
armed forces to stop or prevent any act of uprising. Curfew hours were implemented,
group assemblies were prohibited, and private media facilities were shuttered. Members
of the military and the infamous Philippine Constabulary rounded up and detained those
perceived threats to Marcos, such as influential politicians and members of the media.
Disaster that what Martial law years look like About 70,000 people were imprisoned and
34,000 tortured, while 3,240 were killed from 1972 to 1981. During this dark chapter of
Philippine history, thousands of people were subject to various forms of torture. Prisoners
were electrocuted, beaten up, and strangled. They were burned with a flat iron or cigars.
Water was poured down their throats, and then forced out by beating. Women were
stripped naked and raped, various objects forced into their genitals.
1081, 6 general orders and one letter of instruction were also issued by then-President
Ferdinand Marcos to fully implement his martial law. On September 21, 1972, Marcos
signed the popular decree that placed the country under Martial Law for over a decade,
and then directed the armed forces to prevent or suppress many act of insurrection or
rebellion. He then handed out detailed directives by separate commands to his officials
and the public. Marcos published a letter the next day in which he called for the closing
of media facilities that are privately owned. Since then, it has been many years, but the
victims have not forgotten, especially since the Marcoses have not acknowledged their
offenses nor made restitution for their crimes. In a letter addressed to Francisco Tatad,
then press secretary, and Juan Ponce Enrile, national security secretary, Marcos directed
them to take over and control or cause all such newspapers, magazines, radio and
television facilities and all other media communications to be taken over and controlled.
Marcos controlled the access of people and the kind of information they received
and ensured that he had the final say on his so-called reality. Furthermore, Elemia (2020)
stated that a free press is a core aspect of a functioning democracy, where the media
functions as a watchdog for the government and a source of citizens' data. Marcos
understood the media's pivotal role and made sure that the moment he proclaimed Martial
Law; he eliminated all their rights and privileges. In order to avoid the use, for
propaganda purposes against the government and its legitimately constituted authorities
or for any reason which tends to undermine the confidence and trust of the people in our
newspapers, magazines, radio and television facilities and all other media of
communication. "The order of Marcos stated that the networks "actively collaborated in"
or "allowed the use of their facilities and staff to broadcast and disseminate subversive
materials," as well as "slanted," "overly inflated news reports and remarks," "fake, vile,
Moreover. Almendras (2019) stated that martial law experience in the Philippines
and in the other countries may be indicative of long-term martial rule's socio-political
effects. The direct consequences of long-term martial law are extensive limitations on
civil rights and freedoms, violations of human rights, denial of press freedom, repression
unjustified detention and killings. The more martial law is in force, the more serious and
violent the authorities' crimes are. Martial law is catastrophic for the economy. Martial
law is disastrous on the economy. The more it encroaches on the free enterprise market
mechanism, the slower the economic growth, then stagnation and recession.
Martial Law implementation of Ferdinand Marcos is one of the darkest days the
Philippines experience. Many civilians have suffered because of the unfair justice system
Conclusion
The Martial law Policies and rules under the dictatorship of Ferdinand Marcos
give traumatized to the people, many experience violence, abuse and fear because of how
the system works in those times. During those days the justice system don’t work to
those people who don’t have power or position in the economic system and even those
people who have powers that defy the martial law system suffer and even worst died.
What happen in the past under the dictatorship of Ferdinand Marcos make people
realized and learn an important the lesson that they should vote the president that fit the
position to lead its country to be successful, protect its people from any harm and develop
the economic status of the country. People in the Philippines should always remember
Elemia, C. (2020) FAST FACTS: How Marcos silenced, controlled the media during
Martial Law Retrieved: https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/iq/how-marcos-
silenced-media-press-freedom-martial-law
Francisco, K. (2016) Martial Law, the dark chapter in Philippine history Retrieved:
https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/iq/martial-law-explainer-victims-stories
Sounds, S. 2020 What is martial law? And how the president could invoke one?
Retrieved:https://strangesounds.org/2020/10/what-is-martial-law-and-how
president-can- invoke-martial-law.html