The Proclamation of Indonesian Independence
Name: Muhammad Rifhky Arishall
Class: X-MIPA 5
Number: 27
Generic structure The text
Orientation (Paragraph 1)
The proclamation of
Indonesian independence
was read at 10.00 a.m. on
Friday, 17 August 1945.
The declaration marked
the start of the diplomatic
and armed resistance of
the Indonesian National
Revolution, fighting
against the forces of the
Netherlands and
proDutch civilians, until
the latter officially
knowledged Indonesia's
independence in 1949. In
2005, the Netherlands
declared that they had
decided to accept de
facto 17 August 1945 as
Indonesia's independence
date. In a 2013 interview
the Indonesian historian
Sukotjo, amongst others,
asked the Dutch
government to formally
acknowledge the date of
independence as 17
August 1945. The United
Nations, who mediated in
the conflict, formally
acknowledge the date of
independence as 27
December 1949.
Event 1 (Paragraph 2)
The document was signed
by Sukarno (who signed
his name "Soekarno"
using the older
Dutch orthography) and
Mohammad Hatta, who
were appointed president
and vicepresident
respectively the following
day.
Event 2 (Paragraph 3)
Reason Main idea
Orientation is also The proclamation of
known as the Indonesian
introduction section. independence was read
In this section there is at 10.00 a.m. on Friday,
an introduction or 17 August 1945.
opening of the
historical text. Usually
contains a brief
description of an
event or events being
told. This paragraph
is part of the
orientation because it
contains a brief
description of an
event or events being
told, like the reading
of the proclamation
of independence, the
Dutch recognized
Indonesia's
independence de
facto, etc.
Event is a piece of The document was
text that shows an signed by Sukarno
event or event that and Mohammad
occurred at that time. Hatta, who were
At that event, appointed president
Soekarno and and vicepresident
Mohammad Hatta respectively the
following day.
were appointed
president and vice
president.
This paragraph The draft was
describes Soekarno, prepared only a few
 Mohammad Hatta, hours earlier, on the
The draft was prepared and Sayuti Melik at night of 16 August, by
only a few hours earlier, the time of typing the Sukarno, Hatta, and
on the night of 16 August, text of the Soebardjo, at Rear-
by Sukarno, Hatta, and proclamation at Admiral Maeda
Soebardjo, at Rear- Maeda's house. This Tadashi's house,
Admiral Maeda (Minoru) section includes Miyako-Doori 1,
Jakarta . Maeda
Tadashi's house, Miyako- events because the
himself was sleeping
Doori 1, Jakarta (now the author explains in
in his room upstairs.
"Museum of the detail so that readers
Declaration of can better
Independence", JL. Imam understand what
Bonjol I, Jakarta). The happened in the past.
original Indonesian
Declaration of
Independence was typed
by Sayuti Melik. Maeda
himself was sleeping in
his room upstairs. He was
agreeable to the idea of
Indonesia's
independence, and had
lent his house for the
drafting of the
declaration. Marshal
Terauchi, the highest-
ranking Japanese leader
in South East Asia and son
of Prime Minister
Terauchi Masatake, was
however against
Indonesia's
independence, scheduled
for 24 August.
Event 3 (Paragraph 4) This paragraph While the formal
contains records of preparation of the
events that occurred declaration, and the
While the formal and is packaged in a official independence
preparation of the chronological itself for that matter,
declaration, and the sequence of events, had been carefully
official independence for example the planned a few months
earlier, the actual
itself for that matter, had formal preparation of
declaration date was
been carefully planned a the declaration to the
brought forward
few months earlier, the reading of the text of almost inadvertently
actual declaration date the Proclamation as a consequence of
was brought forward read by Soekarno. the Japanese
almost inadvertently as a unconditional
consequence of the surrender to the Allies
Japanese unconditional on 15 August
surrender to the Allies on following the
15 August following the Nagasaki atomic
Nagasaki atomic bombing. bombing.
The historic event was
triggered by a plot, led by
a few more radical youth
activists such as Adam
Malik and Chairul Saleh,
that’s put pressure on
Sukarno and Hatta to
proclaim independence
Event 4 (Paragraph 5) This paragraph Soekarno originally
contains a record of wanted the
historical events that proclamation of
Sukarno had initially occurred, which independence to be
 wanted the declaration to
be read at Ikada Plain, the
large open field in the
centre of Jakarta, but due
to unfounded widespread
apprehension over the
possibility of Japanese
sabotage, the venue was
changed to Sukarno's
house at Pegangsaan
Timur 56. There was no
concrete evidence for the
growing suspicions, as the
Japanese had already
surrendered to the Allies,
the declaration of
independence passed
without a hitch.
Reorientation (Paragraph 6)
The proclamation at 56,
Jalan Pegangsaan Timur,
Jakarta, was heard
throughout the country
because the text was
secretly broadcast by
Indonesian radio
personnel using the
transmitters of the
JAKARTA Hoso Kyoku
radio station. An English
translation of the
proclamation was
broadcast oversea
generally will be read out on the Ikada
presented in the form Plain but it was
of a chronological canceled due to
order that occurred. unfounded concerns
This section discloses over the possibility of
initial events or Japanese sabotage.
events that have the
potential to cause
various problems,
conflicts, or
difficulties that
prevent the reading
of the text of the
proclamation due to
unsubstantiated
concerns over the
possibility of
Japanese sabotage.
This reorientation The proclamation at
section contains the 56, Jalan
author's personal Pegangsaan Timur,
comments about the Jakarta, was heard
events or incidents throughout the
being told. This country because the
paragraph is part of text was secretly
broadcast by
reorientation because
Indonesian radio
the writer expresses
personnel using the
his personal transmitters of the
comments about the JAKARTA Hoso
reading of the Kyoku radio station.
proclamation text
which was spread
throughout
Indonesian society
because the text was
broadcast secretly by
Indonesian radio
personnel using the
radio station JAKARTA
Hoso Kyoku.