MAT1322\-3X Solution to Midterm 1(A) Summer 2014

Solution to Midterm Examination 1 (version A)

MAT 1322-3X, Summer 2014

1. (3 marks) Use the definition of improper integrals to find the value of improper integral
3 1
∫2 3x − 6 dx .
3 1 3 1
Solution. (i) ∫2 3x − 6
dx = lim+ ∫
a → 2 a 3x − 6
dx .

Use variable substitution, u = 3x − 6, u' = 3.

3 1 3 1 1 3 1 1 3 2 3
∫ dx = lim+ ∫ dx = lim+ ∫ du = lim+  2 u  =
2 3x − 6 a → 2 a 3x − 6 a → 2 3 3 a − 6 u 3 a → 2 u = 3 a − 6 3

∞ x
2. (3 marks) Use the comparison test to show that improper integral ∫
1
2 x3 − 1
dx diverges.

x x 1 ∞ 1 1 ∞
Solution. Since 2x3 − 1 < 2x3. > = . Since ∫ dx = ∫ x −1/ 2 dx
2x −13
2x 3
2x 1 2x 2 1

∞ x
diverges, improper integral ∫1
2x3 − 1
dx diverges.

3. (3 marks) Find the area of the region bounded by the graph of y = x2 – 2x + 1 and the graph
of y = −2x2 + 4x + 1.

Solution. Let x2 – 2x + 1 = −2x2 + 4x + 1. 3x2 – 6x = 0. x = 0, 2. The area of this region is

2 2 2
A= ∫ 0
(( −2 x 2 + 4 x + 1) − ( x 2 − 2 x + 1))dx = ∫ ( −3x 2 + 6 x )dx =  − x 3 + 3x 2 
0 x =0
= 4.

4. (3 marks) Let R be the region under the graph of y = arcsin x and above the x-axis, 0 ≤ x ≤ 1.
Find the volume of the solid obtained by revolving R about the y-axis.

π
Solution. The inverse of this function is x = sin y, 0 ≤ y ≤ . The volume of the solid is
2

π /2 π /2 π π /2
V = π∫ (12 − sin 2 y )dy = π ∫
2 ∫0
cos2 ydy = (1 + cos(2 y ))dy
0 0

π π π π2
[u + sin u ]u =0 =
π

4 ∫0
= (1 + cos u )du = .
4 4

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MAT1322\-3X Solution to Midterm 1(A) Summer 2014

5. (4 marks) A tank is of the shape shown in the following figure:

8m

4m

5m

The tank is filled with water with density ρ = 1000 kg/m3. Find the work needed to pump all the
water to a level 2 meters above the top of the tank. (Use g = 9.8 m/sec2).

Solution. Look at a layer of water in the tank x meters above the bottom of the tank. The width
l 8
of this rectangular layer is found by = , l = 2x. This area of the layer is 5 × (2x) = 10x m2.
x 4

l = 2x h
4
x

Let the thickness of the layer be dx. Then the volume of the layer is dV = 10xdx, and the weight
of the layer is dw = 10xρgdx. The work needed to pump this layer of water to 2 meters above the
tank is dW = 10xρg(6 – x) dx.

Finally, the total work needed to empty the tank is

4
4  x3  800
W = ∫ 10 x ρ g (6 − x )dx = 10ρ g 3 x 2 −  = ρ g ≈ 2.6 × 106 Joule.
0
 3  x =0 3

If you choose to use the distance between the layer and top of the tank as the variable, denoted
l 8
by, say, h, then the length of the rectangular layer is found by = , l = 2(4 – h). This area
4−h 4
of the layer is 5 × 2(4 – h) = 10(4 – h) m2.

Let the thickness of the layer be dh. Then the volume of the layer is dV = 10(4 – h)dh, and the
weight of the layer is dw = 10(4 – h)ρgdh. The work needed to pump this layer of water to 2
meters above the tank is dW = 10(4 – h)ρg(2 + h)dh.

Finally, the total work needed to empty the tank is

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MAT1322\-3X Solution to Midterm 1(A) Summer 2014

4
4 4  h3  800
W = ∫ 10(4 − h ) ρ g (2 + h )dh = ∫ 10ρ g (8 + 2h − h )dh = 10 ρ g 8h + h 2 −  =
2
ρg
0 0
 3  h =0 3
≈ 2.6 × 106 Joule.

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6. (4 marks) Let R be the region between the graph of y = and the x-axis, 1 ≤ x ≤ 2.
x
Assuming it has a uniform density ρ. Find the coordinates of the center of mass of this region.

2 1 2 1
Solution. The mass of this region is ρ ∫ dx = ρ ln 2. The moment My = ρ ∫ x   dx = ρ.
1 x 1
x

ρ ρ
2
12
The moment Mx = ∫ 
2 1 x
 dx = . Hence, the coordinates of the center of mass is
4
M 1 M 1
x= y = , and y = x = .
m ln 2 m 4 ln 2