Republic of the Philippines

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum

Technology and Livelihood Education
Module

CAREGIVING

Grade 8
MARY GRACE C. CANO
Subject Teacher
 MODULE 2
PRACTICE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
PROCEDURE

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LEARNING OUTCOMES:
At the end of this Lesson you are expected to do the
following:

LO 1. Identify hazards and risks

LO 2. Evaluate and control hazards and ris
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Definition of Terms

Assess – to determine the value or extent of something

Contaminate – to make unclean through contact

Crucial – significant to the solution of a problem

Discard – to put away or throw away

Double-bagged– a technique of putting contaminated items/things in a plastic bag and

then placing the closed bag into another plastic bag

Fuse – a device used for protecting an electric circuit

Potential – capable of growth, development and coming into being

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 Respirator – an instrument that supplies oxygen for breathin

LEARNING OUTCOME 1

Identify Hazards and Risks

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS

 Workplace hazards and risks are identified.

 Hazards, risks and their corresponding indicators are identified in

the workplace.
 Effects of hazards are determined.


 What Do You Need To Know?
Read the Information Sheet 1.1 very well then find out how much you
can remember and how much you learned by doing Self-check 1

HAZARDS AND RISKS

Hazard is anything that may cause harm to an individual, such as chemicals,

electricity, open drawers, and inadequate ventilation.

Risk is the possibility that somebody could be harmed by these and other hazards
and the indication of how serious the harm can be.

Occupational Health and Safety

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Occupational Health and Safety is the campaign and maintenance of the well-being of
workers in every occupation. It talks about providing a safe working environment to achieve
an injury-free workplace and a healthy atmosphere that protects every worker against
illness. As an effect, it may also protect co-workers, family members, clients, and other
members of the community who are affected by the workplace environment.

Types of Hazards

Physical hazards are the most normal occurrences in workplaces. They are usually easy to
detect, however, very often are neglected because people are too accustomed to them.
Another reason may be due to lack of knowledge or people do not see situations as
hazards.

Spills on floors or tripping hazards: There are times when even the caregivers themselves
do not mind spills on floors. This, definitely, poses hazard to everyone.

Some of the Effects of Physical Hazards

 Fire
 Decreased efficiency
 Annoyance
 Falls

Biological hazards come from working with animals,

people or infectious materials. This is, therefore, one
of the most common hazards that a caregiver faces.
If one is working in a day care, hospital, hotel
laundry, nursing home, laboratories, he/she may be
exposed to biological hazards.
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Ergonomic hazards occur when a caregiver’s nature of work, body position and working
conditions put pressure on his/her body.

Examples of ergonomic hazards that a caregiver may

be exposed to:

 performing tasks that require lifting heavy loads

 too much bending and reaching

Some of the Effects of Ergonomic Hazards

 pain in the shoulders
 back injury

Chemical hazards are present when a worker is exposed to any chemical preparation in the
workplace in any form (solid, liquid or gas).

Examples of chemical hazards that a caregiver

may be exposed to:

 liquids like cleaning products

Psychological Hazards take place when a caregiver’s work environment becomes stressful
or demanding.

 Burn out‖, fatigue and on call duty

 Unreasonable expectations from patients or clients
 Verbal abuse form dissatisfied clients
 Unreasonable expectations from supervisors
and management.