Exam 1 Study Guide

I highly recommend you review readings and take practice quizzes for your best chance
at a passing grade. Use this study guide afterwards to narrow down important terms,
concepts, or artworks that may appear on Exam 1.

Chapter 3: The Visual Elements

Medium (formally introduced Chapter 1--Materials used to create a piece of art

Kinetic art--A form of art that depends on movement for its effect (Alexander Calder's
"Untitled")

Chiaroscuro--Italian term used to describe contrasting areas from light to dark to create
the illusion of roundness or bulk

Value--Also known as tone, refers to relative lightness or darkness of surfaces

Intensity --Also known as saturation, refers to the purity of a hue or color. When white,
black or gray is added to a pure hue, it's "intensity" diminishes, therefore being dulled

Positive shape vs negative shape. --A positive shape is the figure created with the
boundaries of a line while a negative shape is the secondary figure incidentally created
opposite or in the negative space

Space-- Architects are primarily concerned with qualities of

Alexander Calder’s Untitled-- A favorite example of kinetic art, suspended in the national
gallery of art in Washington D.C.

Chapter 4: The Principles of Design

Scale--The size relation of one thing to another

Symmetrical--Symmetrical balance refers to the near or exact matching KD left and right
sides of a three dimensional form or a two-dimensional composition.

asymmetrical balance--In contrast to symmetrical balance, the left and right sides are not
exactly matching. Instead various elements aside from actual symmetry are balanced.

Rhythm--Any kind of movement or structure of dominant or subordinate elements in

sequence. Usually relevant in dance, music, or poetry; Rhythm can be measured in visual
arts through significant variations.

Repetition--The repeating of visual elements in a piece for unity, flow, and emphasis.
Composition The overall placement or arrangement of visual elements or ingredients

Design--The plan or conventions for the construction of a piece of art

Henri Matisse’s Large Reclining Nude--"Large Reclining Nude" is the final result of this
artist's long process of planning and rearranging the design of a composition

Edgar Degas’s Jockey Before the Race

Ogata Korin’s Cranes--Uses both repetition and rhythm

Chapter 6: Drawing

Hatching--Using rows of parallel lines to suggest shadows or volume

Pastel--Art medium in the form of a stick pure powdered; used i oil paints; neutral hue
and low saturation

Cartoon--A full size drawing made as a guide for a large work in another medium

Dry media--Metalpoint, chalk, charcoal, graphite, pastel

liquid media--Pen, ink, brush, wash

gouache--watercolor to which an opaque white has been added; also, resulting artwork
x
Bartolomeo Passarotti’s Studies of a Left Arm, a Young Woman-- Cross-hatching

Rosalba Carriera’s Portrait of a Girl with a Bussola—pastel,

medium: Pastel; on paper

Vincent van Gogh’s Carpenter--- careful attention to detail,black crayon

Pablo Picasso’s Guernica-- resemble newspaper print and photographs

outrage against violence

Chapter 7: Painting

Gouache-- watercolor to which an opaque white has been added; also, resulting artwork
Fresco (both types) The art of painting on fresh, moist plaster with pigments dissolved in
water
-In true fresco, or buon fresco, pigments suspended in water are applied to a damp lime-
plaster surface
A painting technique in which pigments are applied to a damp plaster surface
Impasto--A buildup of thick layers of paint

Tempera--a method of painting with pigments dispersed in an emulsion miscible with

water, typically egg yolk.

Glaze--Liquid glass that melts and bonds to clay through the heat of the kiln.

Encaustic--a painting tecnique in which pigment is mixed with wax and applied to the
surface while hot.

Pigment--Substance that makes color of a paint

Jan van Eyck’s Madonna and Child with the Chancellor Rolin, Oil and Tempera

Chapter 8: Printmaking

Proofs--- Trial impressions made before the final edition is run

Etching--copper plate with wax coating or varnish, which artist scrapes away, dry point
intaglio process

Aquatint-- A variation of etching process. Allows for the development of flat tonal areas
through special plate preparation with powdered resin.

Japanese woodblock prints This brought the following influences to Impressionism

( three words)
Cut off views
Flat colors, no depth
Use of patterns and outlines
The print, The Letter, by American artist Mary Cassatt, illustrates the influence of
________________ on her work.

Origins of printmaking--China and Western Europe

Rembrandt van Rijn’s Christ Preaching--Etching, engraving, and drypoint.

Mary Cassatt’s The Letter--Japanese Woodblock Prints

Chapter 9: Photography
Daguerreotype--a photograph taken by an early photographic process employing an
iodine-sensitized silvered plate and mercury vapor.

Louis-Jacques-Mande Daguerre’s Le Boulevard du Temple--French inventor of the first

practical photographic process, the daguerreotype (1789-1851),
included people in his photograph

Margaret Bourke-White’s Louisville Flood Victims--one of the iconic images of the

Depression in the United States. Gelatin silver print

Ansel Adams--photographer who exposed Americans to the beauty of the American

landscape

Alfred Steiglitz--Steerage 
-from the Shelton NYC 
-high drama 
-uses formal elements

Chapter 10: Cinema and Digital Arts

Storyboard--Which of the following refers to a series of drawings to visualize the major

shots of a movie?

Nam June Paik--This Korean-American artist was a pioneer of video art, Nam June
Paik
incorporating video and electronic media in his/her artwork

Persistence of vision--continued perception of a visual stimulus even after it is no longer

present

Montage--composite picture, technique in film editing where short shots are added in a
sequence; Sergei Eistein's major contributions to film

Salvador Dali and Luis Bunuel’s An Andalusian Dog--Un Chien Andalou An Andalusian
Dog, the persistence of memory, surrealist movie

Eadward Muybridge’s The Horse in Motion--United States motion-picture pioneer

remembered for his pictures of running horses taken with a series of still cameras (1830-
1904)

Chapter 11: Design Disciplines

Purpose of graphic design-- communicate ideas, sell products, delight our senses

Logo—an identifying mark of trademark

Heidi Cody’s American Alphabet—typography

Terada Design Architects. N Building--When you scan the building, it leads you to their
web page
Ogata Korin's "Cranes"--Uses both repetition and rhythm

Heidi Cody's American Alphabet

set of light boxes that feature the isolated first letters of American groceries

Ansel Adams
concerns are largely environmental

Margaret Bourke-White's Louisville Flood Victims

The billboards message seen behind the flood victims

Daguerreotype
earliest form of photographic images

Rembrandt van Rijn's Christ Preaching

Metal plate used to produce is Matrix

Jan van Eyck's Madonna and Child with the Chancellor Rolin
example of an oil painting

Charles White's Preacher

used cross hatching for a feeling of figural mass