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ÖćøÿĂïđìĊ÷ïđÙøČęĂÜöČĂüĆéÙüćöéĆîĒïïìŠĂïĎøŤéĂÜ
Pressure Gauge Calibration
ßĆßüćúǰǰóøóĆçîŤÖčúǰ
ÿć×ćüĉßćüĉýüÖøøöÖćøüĆéĒúąÙüïÙčöǰÙèąüĉýüÖøøöýćÿêøŤǰÿëćïĆîđìÙēîēú÷ĊðìčöüĆî
833 ëîîóøąøćöǰǰđ×êðìčöüĆîǰÖøčÜđìóĄǰ10330 ēìøýĆóìŤǰ0-- E-mail: chatchaval@ptwit.ac.th
ïìÙĆé÷ŠĂ
ÖćøÿĂïđìĊ÷ïđÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆîìĊęîĞćđÿîĂĔîïìÙüćöîĊĚđðŨî
ÖćøÿĂïđìĊ÷ïđÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆîĒïïĔßšĂćÖćýđðŨîêĆüÖúćÜǰēé÷ĔßšđÖÝüĆé
ÙüćöéĆîöćêøåćîđðŨîđÙøČęĂÜöČĂÿĂïđìĊ÷ïĔîøąéĆïìĊęđøĊ÷ÖüŠćǰworking
standard ìĊęĔßšÜćîÖĆîĂ÷ĎŠìĆęüĕðĔîēøÜÜćîĂčêÿćĀÖøøöǰēé÷ĔßšĒîü
ìćÜÖćøÿĂïđìĊ÷ï×ĂÜǰDKD-R 6-1 àċęÜÙŠćÙüćöÙúćéđÙúČęĂî×ĂÜđÖÝ
üĆéÙüćöéĆîîĆĚîÝąêšĂÜöĊÙŠćÙüćöÙúćéđÙúČęĂîĕöŠđÖĉîÙŠćÙüćöëĎÖêšĂÜìĊę
ÖĞćĀîéöćÝćÖēøÜÜćîñĎšñúĉêêúĂé÷ŠćîÖćøüĆéǰ ±0.5% of span) đöČęĂ
ýċÖþćĒĀúŠÜ ÙüćöĕöŠ Ē îŠîĂîìĊę đ Öĉé ×ċĚ îǰÝĞ ć îüîĂ÷Š ć Üîš Ă÷ǰ7ǰêĆ ü Ēðø
óïüŠ ć ǰöĊ êĆ ü ĒðøìĊę öĊ ñ úÖøąìïÖĆ ï ÙŠ ć ÙüćöĕöŠ Ē îŠ î Ăî×÷ć÷Ă÷Š ć ÜöĊ
îĆ÷ÿĞćÙĆâǰđߊîǰÙŠćÙüćöĕöŠĒîŠîĂî×ĂÜđÙøČęĂÜöČĂÿĂïđìĊ÷ïöćêøåćîǰ
(VT) ÙŠćÙüćöĕöŠĒîŠîĂî×ĂÜÙüćöúąđĂĊ÷éĔîÖćøĂŠćîÙŠć×ĂÜđÖÝüĆé
ÙüćöéĆîǰUUC (VSFT) ĒúąÙŠćÙüćöĕöŠĒîŠîĂî×ĂÜǰhysteresis (VIZT)
îĂÖÝćÖîĊĚ÷ĆÜ óïüŠ ć ǰÙŠć ÙüćöĕöŠ Ē îŠîĂîìĊęĕöŠ öĊ ñúÖøąìïêŠĂÙüćöĕöŠ
ĒîŠîĂî×÷ć÷ǰàċęÜÿćöćøëîĞćĕðĂšćÜĂĉÜĒúąêĆéìĉĚÜĕéšđöČęĂîĞćĕððäĉïĆêĉÜćî
ÝøĉÜĔîēøÜÜćîĂčêÿćĀÖøøöǰđߊîǰÙŠćÙüćöĕöŠĒîŠîĂî×ĂÜÙŠćĒøÜēîšöëŠüÜ
×ĂÜēúÖǰ(VHI) ÙŠćÙüćöĕöŠĒîŠîĂî×ĂÜÖćøüĆéÙŠćÙüćöĒêÖêŠćÜ×ĂÜ
øąéĆïÙüćöÿĎÜøąĀüŠćÜǰSTD ÖĆïǰUUC (VI) ÙŠćÙüćöĕöŠĒîŠîĂî×ĂÜÝčé
ýĎî÷Ťǰ(V[FSP)ǰĒúąÙŠćÙüćöĕöŠĒîŠîĂî×ĂÜÖćøüĆéàĚĞćÙŠćđéĉöǰ(VB) ÝćÖñú
ÖćøìéúĂÜóïüŠćǰUUC ìĊęĔßšĔîÖćøìéúĂÜ÷ĆÜöĊÙŠćÙüćöÙúćéđÙúČęĂî
ÿĎÜÿčéêúĂé÷ŠćîÖćøüĆéǰ= +0.0037 kg/cm2ǰ(maximum error) ìĊę
êĞćĒĀîŠÜ ǰǰkg/cm2 àċęÜ÷ĆÜ ÙÜĂ÷ĎŠĔ î×Ăïđ×ê×ĂÜÙŠć ÙüćöëĎÖêšĂÜǰ
(accuracy) ìĊęïøĉþĆìñĎšñúĉêÖĞćĀîéöćÙČĂǰ±% of span = ± 0.02
kg/cm2 ĒúąđöČęĂøüöÙŠćÙüćöÙúćéđÙúČęĂîéĆÜÖúŠćüđךćÖĆïÙŠćÙüćöĕöŠ
ĒîŠîĂî×÷ć÷ǰ(6FYQ) = ± 0.0132 kg/cm2 ÖĘ÷ĆÜÙÜĕéšÙŠćìĊęĂ÷ĎŠĔî
×Ăïđ×ê×ĂÜÙŠ ć ÙüćöëĎ Ö êš Ă Ü×ĂÜïøĉ þĆ ì ñĎš ñ úĉ ê ǰĒúąÿćöćøëĂĂÖ
ĔïøĆïøĂÜÖćøÿĂïđìĊ÷ï×ĂÜ UUCǰđóČęĂîĞćǰĕðĔßšÜćî
ÙĞćÿĞćÙĆâ: đÙøČęĂÜöČĂüĆéÙüćöéĆîǰÖćøÿĂïđìĊ÷ïđÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆîǰÙüćöĕöŠ
ĒîŠîĂî×÷ć÷
Abstract
Pressure gauge calibration using air pressure
gauge as an intermediary is presented in this paper. The
standard pressure gauge is calibrated in the working
33
standard commonly used in the industry. The calibration
method of DKD-R 6-1 is employed, where the error margin
in measuring the pressure of the pressure gauge does not
exceed the accuracy set by the factory manufacturers
throughout the measurement range (±0.5% of span). At
least seven variables are determined. It is found that the
value of expanded uncertainty is significantly affected by
some certain variables, such as the uncertainty of the
calibration standard (VT), the uncertainty of UUC resolution
(VSFT) and the uncertainty of hysteresis (VIZT). Furthermore,
it is also found that some uncertainties can be referred and
ignored in practical use, as they do not affect the expanded
uncertainty. For example, the uncertainty of the local
gravity (VHI), the uncertainty of the height difference
between the STD and UUC (VI), the uncertainty of the zero
point (V[FSP) and the uncertainty of repeatability (VB). The
experimental results of the UUC studied in this paper show
that the maximum error of measurement is +0.0037 kg/cm2
at 0.5 kg/cm2, which is in the range of accuracy specified by
theǰmanufacturer (±0.5% of span = ± 0.02 kg/cm2).
Moreover, when combiningǰthe maximum error of
measurement obtained from the experiment with the
expanded uncertainty (6FYQ) = ± 0.0132 kg/cm2, it is also
found that the result is still in the accuracy specified by the
manufacturer. Therefore, a calibration certificate of UUC
can be issued for UUC utilization.
Keywords: Pressure Instrumentation, Calibration of Pressure
Gauge, Expanded uncertainty
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ÙüćöĕöŠ Ē îŠ î Ăî×÷ć÷÷Ć Ü ÙÜĂ÷ĎŠ Ĕ îÙŠ ć ÙüćöëĎ Ö êš Ă Ü×ĂÜïøĉ þĆ ì ñĎš ñ úĉ ê ìĊę
ÖĞćĀîéöćēé÷ĂćýĆ÷ÖćøÿĂïđìĊ÷ïêćöĒîüìćÜ×ĂÜǰGuideline DKD-R øĎðìĊę 2 ߊüÜêŠćÜė×ĂÜÙüćöéĆî[1]
6-1 Calibration of Pressure Gauges[2]
Atmospheric Pressure (patm) ÙČĂǰÙüćöéĆîïøø÷ćÖćýǰèǰÝčéĔéėïî
2. ĀúĆÖÖćøìĆüę ĕð×ĂÜÙüćöéĆî óČĚîēúÖǰÝąĒêÖêŠćÜÖĆîǰ± 5%
2.1 îĉ÷ćö×ĂÜÙüćöéĆî[3] Gauge Pressure (pg) ÙČĂǰÙüćöéĆîìĊęÿĎÜÖüŠćÙüćöéĆîïøø÷ćÖćý×ċĚîĕð
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ìĊę ĒøÜǰ1 N ÙČĂĒøÜìĊęÖøąìĞćĔĀšöüúǰ1 kg đÙúČęĂîìĊęĕðéšü÷ĂĆêøćđøŠÜǰ1m·s-2 ïøø÷ćÖćýúÜöćđøĊ÷ÖüŠćÙüćöéĆîđÖÝúï
öüúǰǰÙüćö÷ćüǰĒúąǰđüúćǰǰÙČĂĀîŠü÷óČĚîåćî×ĂÜÙüćöéĆîǰ(base unit) Vacuum Pressure (pv) ÙČĂÙüćöéĆîìĊęêęĞćÖüŠćÙüćöéĆîïøø÷ćÖćýúÜöć
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×ĂÜǰgl ÝąđךćÿĎŠýĎî÷ŤÖúćÜ×ĂÜēúÖ Zero Absolute Pressure (p0) ÙČĂÙüćöéĆîêęĞćìĊęÿčéǰđøĊ÷ÖüŠćǰÝčéýĎî÷Ť
ÙüćöéĆîÿĆöïĎøèŤ
gl 9.783228 m / s 2 Absolute Pressure (pabs) ÙČĂÙüćöéĆîìĊęđøĉęöÝćÖÝčéýĎî÷ŤÙüćöéĆîÿĆöïĎøèŤ
×ċĚîĕðđøĊ÷ÖüŠćÙüćöéĆîÿĆöïĎøèŤ
M
Differential Pressure (pd, ʼnQ) ÙČĂÙüćöéĆîìĊęđÖĉéÙüćöĒêÖêŠćÜøąĀüŠćÜ
gn 9.80665 m / s 2 ÙüćöéĆîđÖÝÿĂÜÝčé
pabs pg  patm (2)

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ÖćøÿĂïđìĊ ÷ ï (local gravity) àċęÜĒîąîĞć ēé÷ International
Association of Geodesy (IAG) đðŨîüĉíĊÖćøìĊęĔĀšÙŠćÙüćöëĎÖêšĂÜ ĒöŠî÷ĞćëċÜ
50 ppm (part per million ; 1/106) àċęÜđóĊ÷ÜóĂêŠĂÙüćöêšĂÜÖćø×ĂÜ
õćÙĂčêÿćĀÖøøö

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gI ,h ÙČĂÙŠćĒøÜēîšöëŠüÜ×ĂÜēúÖìĊęĕéšÝćÖÖćøÙĞćîüèìĊę latitude Iǰ Ēúą
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ðìčöüĆî éĆÜîĊĚ
öćêøåćîĔîÖćøÿĂïđìĊ÷ïĔîïìÙüćöîĊĚǰïîĀîšćðŦìöŤ×ĂÜđÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆ î
§1  0.0053024sin2 13.747218· 6 ĒïïêŠćÜėÝąïĂÖøć÷úąđĂĊ÷éĕüšđóČęĂđðŨîךĂöĎúÿĞćĀøĆïîĞćĕðÿĂïđìĊ÷ïéĆÜîĊĚ
g13.7,2 9.7803184 ¨¨ ¸¸  3.086 u 10 u 2
Ö. ÷ŠćîÖćøüĆéǰ-ǰkg/cm2 ēé÷ĒïŠÜÿđÖúđðŨîǰǰߊüÜĒïïĂĆêēîöĆêĉǰ
2
© 0.0000059sin 27.494436 ¹
ēé÷ìĊęÿđÖúîĂÖÝąöĊ÷ŠćîÖćøüĆéìĊęǰ-ǰkgf/cm2 đöČęĂöĊÙŠćÙüćöéĆî
= 9.783228 m/s2
đÖĉîÖüŠćǰ kgf/cm2 ÝąđðúĊę÷îĕðĔßšÿđÖúĔîìĊę÷ŠćîÖćøüĆéǰ-
 kgf/cm2 ēé÷ĂĆêēîöĆêĉ (ēé÷ìĆęüĕðđÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆîÝąïĂÖĀîŠü÷
2.2 ēÙøÜÿøšćÜ×ĂÜđÙøČęĂÜöČĂüĆéÙüćöéĆîĒïïđßĉÜÖú đðŨîǰkg/cm2 ēé÷ìĊęÝąĕöŠöĊǰf ; force úąĕüšĔîåćîìĊęđךćĔÝ

(Mechanical deformation instrument) ×. Division ĀøČĂǰinterval scale ÙČĂߊĂÜ×ĂÜÿđÖúìĊę×ĊéïîĀîšćðŦìöŤìĊę

ǰĔîÖøèĊîĊĚñĎšđ×Ċ÷îéĎđÜČęĂîĕ×ĒúšüðøąđöĉîüŠćđÖÝüĆé
øĎðìĊęǰ3 ēÙøÜÿøšćÜ×ĂÜđÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆî
ìŠĂïĎøŤéĂÜǰ Bourdon tube) öĊúĆÖþèąēÙøÜÿøšćÜđðŨîìŠĂ
ÖúüÜǰēÙšÜđðŨîøĎðêĆüǰC öĊóČĚîìĊęĀîšćêĆéđðŨîøĎðüÜøĊǰðúć÷éšćîĀîċęÜðŗé đöČęĂ
ĕéšøĆïÙüćöéĆîǰÙüćöēÙšÜìŠĂïĎøŤéĂÜøĎðêĆüǰC ÝąđĀ÷Ċ÷éĂĂÖĒúąéšü÷ÖúĕÖ
ìćÜÖúìĊęêŠĂđßČęĂöÖĆïđ×Ęö(mechanical amplifier) ÝąìĞćĔĀšÿćöćøëđĀĘî
ÖćøđÙúČęĂîĕĀüĕéšßĆéđÝîĒúąĂŠ ćîÙŠć ÙüćöéĆîìĊęüĆéĕéšÝ ćÖÿđÖúìĊęĂ ÷ĎŠï î
ĀîšćðŦìöŤ
đúĘÖìĊęÿčéĔîìĊęîĊĚöĊÙŠćđìŠćÖĆïǰǰkg/cm2
Ù. Resolution ÙČĂÙüćöÿćöćøëĔîÖćøĂŠćîÙŠćïîĀîšćðŦìöŤĔîÖøèĊìĊęđ×Ęö
ßĊĚïĂÖĂ÷ĎŠøąĀüŠćÜߊĂÜ×ĂÜÿđÖúǰêćöĒîüìćÜ×ĂÜǰDKD-R 6-1 ךĂǰ
ǰĀîšćǰǰÖĞćĀîéĔĀšñĂĎš ćŠ îÙŠćđðŨîñĎšêĆéÿĉîĔÝĔîÖćøĒïŠÜߊĂÜ×ĂÜ
ÿđÖúéšü÷ÿć÷êćêîđĂÜēé÷×ċĚîĂ÷ĎŠÖĆïđÜČęĂîĕ×ǰǰðøąÖćøÙČĂǰǰÙüćö
ĀŠ ć Ü×ĂÜߊĂÜÿđÖúìĊęđúĘ Ö ìĊęÿčéǰ  ÙüćöĀîć×ĂÜđ×Ę öǰ đöČę Ă ðøąđöĉ î
đÜČęĂîĕ×ìĆĚÜÿĂÜðøąÖćøĒúšüĔĀš ñϚÊćîÙŠć êĆéÿĉîĔÝüŠćÝąĒïŠÜÿđÖúéšü ÷
ÿć÷êćĂĂÖđðŨîǰ ÿŠüîǰǰÿŠüîĀøČĂǰǰÿŠüîǰ ÷ĉęÜĒïŠÜúąđĂĊ÷éđìŠćĕøÖĘ
ÝąìĞćĔĀšÙŠćÙüćöñĉéóúćéĔîÖćøüĆéúéúÜéšü÷ĒêŠÖĘêšĂÜÙĞćîċÜëċÜđÜČęĂîĕ×
ÿĂÜðøąÖćøđðŨîĀúĆÖ
ÙüćöéĆ î öćêøåćîđÙøČę Ă ÜîĊĚ ÿ ćöćøëĒïŠ Ü ĕéš ǰ ǰÿŠ ü îǰéĆ Ü îĆĚ î ÙŠ ćǰ
Resolution öĊÙŠćđìŠćÖĆïǰdivision/2 = 0.005/2 = 0.0025 kg/cm2
ÿŠüîǰUUC ÝąöĊÙŠć Resolution ÝąöĊÙŠćđìŠćÖĆïǰdivision/5 = 0.05/5
= 0.01 kg/cm2
Ü. đÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆîöćêøåćîÝąöĊÖøąÝÖêĉ éêĆĚÜĔêšÿđÖúĀøČĂøąĀüŠćÜÿđÖú
đóČęĂÖćøĂŠćîÙŠćìĊęëĎÖêšĂÜēé÷ÝąêšĂÜĂŠćîÙŠćìĊęüĆéĕéšñŠćîđ×Ęöēé÷ìĊęêšĂÜĕöŠ
đĀĘîđÜć×ĂÜđ×ĘöĔîÖøąÝÖ
Ý. “TO BE READ WITH DIAL VERTICAL” đÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆîÝąêšĂÜ
ÖĞćĀîéöćÝćÖïøĉþĆìñĎšñúĉêüŠćÝąĔĀšìĞćÖćøêĉéêĆĚÜĔîúĆÖþèąĔéđߊîĔî
Āš Ă ÜïĆ Ü ÙĆ ï Öćøïĉ î ÿŠ ü îöćÖđÖÝÝąêĉ é êĆĚ Ü ĔîúĆ Ö þèąđĂĊ ÷ ÜđðŨ î öč ö

35 =9Wg®,<S<9Wg¯$S;DTD;ª:S;IT'C¯²²±
ITELTEIV-T$TE=9ZCIS;
 ìĊęÖĞćĀîéöćÝćÖÙĎöČĂÖćøĔßšÜćîǰĀøČĂĒïïĔîøĎðìĊęǰǰÖĞćĀîéĔĀšêĉéêĆĚÜ â. ĔîÖøèĊìĊęêšĂÜÖćøÝąÿĂïđìĊ÷ïÙüćöéĆîìĊęêęĞćÖüŠćÙüćöéĆîïøø÷ćÖćýǰǰ
ĒïïîĂîǰ USE HORIZONTAL) ÿĞćĀøĆïÖøèĊîĊĚĔîøĎðìĊęǰǰÖĞćĀîéĔĀš ÝĞćđðŨîêšĂÜĔßšđÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆîöćêøåćîĒïïúïĀøČĂǰVacuum gauge)
êĉéêĆĚÜĔîúĆÖþèąêĆĚÜÞćÖÖĆïóČĚîĒúąÝąêšĂÜĕöŠđĂĊ÷ ÜĕðìćÜàšć÷ĀøČĂ êćöøĎðìĊęǰǰöĊĀîŠü÷đðŨîǰInHg öĊÙŠćÙüćöúąđĂĊ÷éĔîÖćøĂŠćîǰ0.1 InHgǰǰ
×üćđÖĉîǰǰĂÜýć öĊÙŠćÙüćöëĎÖêšĂÜǰACCURACY GRADE 3A ±0.25% of SPAN àċęÜǰ
Þ. ÝćÖÙĎŠöČĂÖćøĔßšÜćîǰMODEL 62-075 ÖĞćĀîéĔĀšĔßšÖĆïúöĀøČĂÖŢćà SPAN = MAX Range – Min Range = (-30 InHg) – (0 InHg)
đìŠćîĆĚî = -30 InHg ; đÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆîöćêøåćîđÙøČęĂÜîĊĚöĊÙŠćÙüćöëĎÖêšĂÜĂ÷ĎŠìĊęǰ
ß. “ C” Āöć÷ëċÜÙüøîĞćĕðĔßšÜćîĔî ± 0.25% of SPAN = ± 0.25% of 30 InHg = ± (0.25×30)/100
ÖćîÿĂïđìĊ÷ïìĊęĂčèĀõĎöĉĀšĂÜǰ ǰÝąĕéšÙŠćìĊęëĎÖêšĂÜöćÖìĊęÿčé = ± 0.075 InHg
à. ïĂÖÙŠćÙüćöëĎÖêšĂÜĀøČĂǰClass đߊîĔîøĎðìĊęǰǰÖĞćĀîéĔĀšöĊÙŠćÙüćö
ëĎÖêšĂÜǰ±0.25% Āöć÷ÙüćöüŠćđÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆîöćêøåćîđÙøČęĂÜîĊĚöĊ
ÙŠćÙüćöëĎÖêšĂÜĂ÷ĎŠìĊęǰ± 0.25% of span = ± 0.25% of 20 psi
= ± (0.25×20)/100 = ± 0.05 psi
á. ÖøèĊìĊęöĊÝčéĀ÷čéđ×Ęöǰ pointer stop) ÝąöĊñúĔîÖćøÿĂïđìĊ÷ïēé÷ìĊę
ĕöŠ êš Ă ÜìĞ ć ÖćøÿĂïđìĊ ÷ ïìĊę êĞ ć ĒĀîŠ Ü Ā÷čé đ×Ę öàċę Ü ÿŠ ü îöćÖÝąĂ÷ĎŠ ìĊę
êĞćĒĀîŠÜǰ0 đߊîĔîøĎðìĊęǰ6 ÝčéĀ÷čéđ×ĘöÝąĂ÷ĎŠìĊęǰ 0 bar àċęÜđüúćÿĂï
đìĊ÷ïđÙøČęĂÜîĊĚÖĘÝąĕöŠêšĂÜìĞćÖćøÿĂïđìĊ÷ïìĊęǰ 0 bar ĔĀšđøĉęöìĞćÖćø
ÿĂïđìĊ÷ïìĊęǰ5 bar đðŨîÝčéĒøÖ

øĎðìĊęǰǰǰđÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆîöćêøåćîĒïïÙüćöéĆîúï

ã. ÝćÖøĎðìĊęǰǰđðŨîđÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆîĒïïǰCompound gauge ÿćöćøëüĆé

ÙüćöéĆîìĊęÿĎÜĒúąêęĞćÖüŠćÙüćöéĆîïøø÷ćÖćýĕéšǰÿĞćĀøĆïÖćøÿĂïđìĊ÷ï
đÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆîĒïïîĊĚÝ ąêšĂÜìĞćÖćøÿĂïđìĊ÷ ïēé÷đøĉęö êšîìĊęǰǰÖŠĂ î
đìŠćîĆĚîǰĒúšüÝċÜìĞćÖćøÿĂïđìĊ÷ïĕðìćÜéšćîĔééšćîĀîċęÜ ĒúąĀúĆÜÝćÖ
îĆĚîĔĀšđðŗéÙüćöéĆîĂĂÖÿĎŠïøø÷ćÖćýÝċÜÝąđøĉęöìĞćÖćøÿĂïđìĊ÷ïĂĊÖéšćî
ĀîċęÜĕéšēé÷đøĉęöÝćÖǰǰđߊîđéĊ÷üÖĆî

øĎðìĊęǰǰǰđÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆîöćêøåćîĒïïúöêĉéêĆĚÜĒïïîĂî

øĎðìĊęǰǰǰđÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆîĒïïǰCompound gauge

ä. Dual Scale Gauge đðŨîđÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆîìĊęöĊǰǰÿđÖúìĊęöĊÙüćöÿĆöóĆîíŤ

ÖĆî ×ĂÜǰǰĀîŠü ÷ÙüćöéĆîàšĂ îÖĆî Ă÷ĎŠÿćöćøëĂŠ ć îÙŠć ĕéšÙøĆĚÜđéĊ÷ üǰǰ
øĎðìĊęǰǰǰđÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆîöćêøåćîĒïïöĊÝčéĀ÷čéđ×Ęö ĀîŠü÷óøšĂöėÖĆîđߊîĔîøĎðìĊęǰ ëšćÿööčêĉüŠćđöČęĂðŜĂîÙüćöéĆîĒúšüđ×Ęö

=9Wg®,<S<9Wg¯$S;DTD;ª:S;IT'C¯²²± 36
ITELTEIV-T$TE=9ZCIS;
 ßĊĚìĊęǰ ǰkg/cm2 Ĕî×èąđéĊ÷ üÖĆî ÖĘÿćöćøëìĊęÝ ąĂŠ ć îÙŠć ĕéšđðŨ îǰ
28.3 psi éšü÷
øĎðìĊęǰǰǰđÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆîĒïïǰǰÿđÖú
å. đÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆîĒïïǰǰđ×ĘöǰđðŨîöĊđ×ĘöĀúĆÖĒúąđ×ĘöìĊęĂŠćîÙŠćúąđĂĊ÷éǰ
ÿŠüîöćÖÝąĔßšÖĆïÖćøüĆéÙüćöéĆîÙŠćêęĞćėÿĆÜđÖêđĀĘîüŠćĀîŠü÷üĆéÙüćö
éĆîÝąđðŨîǰmmH2OǰêćöøĎðìĊęǰ
øĎðìĊęǰǰǰđÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆîĒïïǰǰđ×Ęö
æ. ÝćÖøĎ ð ìĊę ǰ ǰđðŨ î đÖÝüĆ é ÙüćöéĆ î ĒïïðŜ Ă ÜÖĆ î ÖćøÿĆę î ÿąđìČ Ă î
ÝĞćđðŨîêšĂÜêĉéêĆĚÜÿĞćĀøĆïđÙøČęĂÜÝĆÖøìĊęöĊÖćøÿĆęîÿąđìČĂîöćÖǰēé÷đÖÝ
üĆéÙüćöéĆî úĆÖ þèąđߊî îĊĚÝ ąđêĉö×ĂÜđĀúüðøąđõìÖúĊđàĂøĊîìĊęöĊ
ÙčèÿöïĆêĉĀîČéǰĔÿǰĕöŠöĊÿĊǰĕöŠöĊÖúĉęîđךćĕðéšćîĔîĀîšćðŦìöŤđóČęĂúéÖćø
ÿĆîę ×ĂÜđ×ĘöìĞćĔĀšĂŠćîÙŠćĕéšëĎÖêšĂÜöćÖ×ċĚî Ēúą÷ĆÜߊü÷ĔîÖćøðŜĂÜÖĆî
đøČęĂÜ×ĂÜĂčèĀõĎöĉìĊęöĊÖćøđðúĊę÷îĒðúÜĕéšĂ÷ŠćÜéĊ
ç. Retard gauge öĊÿđÖúĒúąøąïïÖćøüĆéÙüćöéĆîìĊęǰđðŨîĒïïđßĉÜđÿšî
ĕöŠêúĂéÿđÖúðøąöćèǰ0-80% ×ĂÜߊüÜÿđÖúǰÿŠüîìĊęđĀúČĂÝąđðŨî
ÿđÖúĒïïĕöŠđßĉÜđÿšîǰàċęÜĂćÝĕöŠöĊ×Ċé×ĂÜÿđÖúïĂÖÙŠć×ĂÜÙüćöéĆî
ÝîëċÜÙŠćÙüćöéĆîÿĎÜÿčéǰéĆÜîĆĚîđÖÝßîĉéîĊĚÝąĔßšüĆéĕéšĒöŠî÷ĞćđÞóćą
ߊüÜìĊęđðŨîÿđÖúđßĉÜđÿšîđìŠćîĆĚîǰÙŠćÙüćöéĆîìĊęÿĎÜÖüŠćðÖêĉĂćÝđÖĉé×ċĚî
37
ĔîøąïïĕéšǰÝċÜöĊüĆêëčðøąÿÜÙŤđóČęĂðŜĂÜÖĆîÙüćöđÿĊ÷Āć÷đîČęĂÜÝćÖÙüćö
éĆîđÖĉîßĆęü×èąìĊęĂćÝđÖĉé×ċĚîĕéšĔîøąïïêćöøĎðìĊęǰ
øĎðìĊęǰǰǰđÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆîĒïïðŜĂÜÖĆîÖćøÿĆęîÿąđìČĂî
øĎðìĊęǰǰǰđÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆîĒïï Retard gauge [1]
è. đÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆîĒïïéĉÝĉêĂú đðŨîđÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆîìĊęĔßšđàîđàĂøŤđðŨîĒïï
pressure transducerǰךà éĊ× ĂÜđÖÝĒïïéĉÝĉêĂúÙČĂĂŠ ćîÙŠć ĕéš ÜŠć ÷ǰ
đðúĊę÷îĀîŠü ÷ĕéšê ćöêšĂÜÖćøöĊÙŠć ÙüćöëĎ Ö êšĂ ÜĒúąÙüćöĒöŠî÷Ğć ÿĎÜǰ
ÙŠćăĉÿđêĂøŤøĊàĊÿîšĂ÷öćÖÝîĕöŠöĊîĆ÷ÿĞćÙĆâêŠĂÙüćöñĉéóúćéĔîÖćøüĆéǰ
ĒêŠøćÙćÿĎÜ ÝćÖøĎðìĊęǰǰđðŨ îÖćøÿĂïđìĊ÷ ïđÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆî Ēïï
éĉÝĉêĂúǰìĊęöĊÙŠćÙüćöúąđĂĊ÷éĔîÖćøüĆéǰ(resolution) = 0.1 kPa ēé÷
ÖćøðŜĂîÙüćöéĆîöćêøåćîìĊęǰǰkPa ĂŠćîÙŠćđÞúĊę÷ĕéšǰǰkPa
öĊÙŠćĒÖš correction) = +0.2 kPa êćöĒîüìćÜ×ĂÜǰDKD-R 6-1 ךĂǰ
ǰĀîšćǰǰÖøèĊìđĊę ðŨîđÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆîĒïïéĉÝêĉ ĂúĔĀšóĉÝćøèćÙŠć
ÙüćöúąđĂĊ÷éĔîÖćøĂŠćîìĊęĀúĆÖÿčéìšć÷ĔîìĊęîĊĚđìŠćÖĆïǰǰkPa ĒúąĔî
ÖćøÙĞ ć îüèĀćÙŠ ć ÙüćöĕöŠ Ē îŠ î ĂîìĊę đ Öĉ é ÝćÖÙüćöúąđĂĊ ÷ é×ĂÜ
đÙøČęĂ ÜöČĂ üĆéÙüćöéĆî ĒïïéĉÝĉ ê ĂúǰÖĞć ĀîéĔĀš ĔßšÙŠć ÙøċęÜĀîċęÜ×ĂÜÙŠ ć
ÙüćöúąđĂĊ÷éǰǰǰa = r/2 àċęÜÖĞćĀîéĔĀšđðŨîÙøċęÜĀîċęÜ×ĂÜÖćøÖøąÝć÷
=9Wg®,<S<9Wg¯$S;DTD;ª:S;IT'C¯²²±
ITELTEIV-T$TE=9ZCIS;
 ÙüćöîŠćÝąđðŨîĒïïÿĊęđĀúĊę÷öñČîñšćǰ half-width of rectangular
distribution)ǰéĆ Ü îĆĚ î ÙŠ ć ÙüćöĕöŠ Ē îŠ î ĂîĂĆ î đîČę Ă ÜöćÝćÖÙüćö
úąđĂĊ÷éĔîÖćøĂŠćîÙŠć×ĂÜđÖÝĒïïéĉÝĉêĂúǰ uncertainty due to
resolution of UUC)
a 0.1
u p res 0.028 kPa
2 3 2 3
ǰĕð÷ĆÜÙŠćÿĎÜÿčéǰǰøĂïÙøċęÜǰĒêŠĔîìćÜðäĉïĆêĉÜćîÝøĉÜÝąìĞćÖćøÿĂï
øĎðìĊęǰ13ǰǰđÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆîĒïïéĉÝĉêĂú
2.4 ÙüćöÿĂï÷šĂîÖúĆïĕéš×ĂÜđÙøČęĂÜöČĂüĆéÙüćöéĆî
øąïïÙüćöÿĂï÷šĂîÖúĆïĕéšǰ (traceability system) đðŨî
ךĂÖĞćĀîéöćêøåćîÙčèõćó×ĂÜǰISO 9000 ìĊęÖĞćĀîéĔĀšđÙøČęĂÜöĊüĆéìĊęĔßš
ĔîÖøąïüîÖćøñúĉêìĊęöĊñúêŠĂ Ùčèõćó×ĂÜÿĉîÙšć ÝąêšĂ ÜĕéšøĆï ÖćøÿĂï
đìĊ÷ïÝćÖđÙøČęĂÜöČĂöćêøåćîìĊęÿćöćøëÿĂï÷šĂîÖúĆïĕéšÝîëċÜǰprimary
standard ĀøČĂǰSI unit ēé÷ÝąêšĂÜĕöŠöĊÖćø×ćéߊüÜǰ(unbroken chain)
àċęÜđøĊ÷ÖÖĆîēé÷ìĆęüĕðüŠćǰforward/reverse traceability đðŨîÖćøÿĂï
÷šĂîÖúĆïÝćÖéšćîúŠćÜ×ċĚîĕð÷ĆÜéšćîïîêćöøĎðìĊęǰ 14 ǰđÙøČęĂÜöČĂöćêøåćîìĊę
Ĕßš ÿĞ ć ĀøĆ ï ÿĂïđìĊ ÷ ïđÖÝüĆ éÙüćöéĆ î êš Ă ÜÿćöćøëÿĂï÷š Ă îÖúĆ ï ĕð÷Ć Ü
öćêøåćîĒĀŠÜßćêĉǰĀøČĂöćêøåćîøąĀüŠćÜðøąđìýÝîëċÜǰSI Unit ĕéš
3. ÖćøÿĂïđìĊ÷ïđÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆî
3.1 ×ĆĚîêĂîÖćøÿĂïđìĊ÷ï[5]
3.1.1ǰǰAccuracy class ×ĂÜđÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆîǰUUC 0-4 kg/cm2 class 0.5
ÝąđðŨîêĆüÖĞćĀîéÝčéÿĂïđìĊ÷ïêúĂé÷ŠćîÖćøüĆé ǰêćöĒîüìćÜ×ĂÜǰDKD-R
6-1 ÖĞćĀîéĔĀšéĆÜîĊĚǰǰsequence B 0.1…..0.6 % of span êšĂÜÿĂïđìĊ÷ï
Ă÷ŠćÜîšĂ÷ǰǰÝčé pre-loadings 2 ÙøĆĚÜǰÝĞćîüîøĂïÖćøÿĂïđìĊ÷ïÝćÖÙŠć
êęĞćÿčéǰ 
đìĊ÷ïǰǰøĂïđߊîđéĊ÷üÖĆïǰsequence A ĒúąĕöŠöĊÝčéĀ÷čéđ×ĘöÝċÜêšĂÜđøĉęöìĞć
ÖćøÿĂïđìĊ÷ïìĊęǰ.0,ǰ,ǰ,ǰ,ǰ,ǰ,ǰ,ǰǰĒúąǰǰkg/cm2ǰ
ÝĞćîüîǰǰÝčéǰ UUC ÖĞćĀîéǰclass 0.5 Āöć÷ÙüćöëċÜÙŠćÙüćöëĎÖêšĂÜǰ
±ǰ% of span = ± 0.5% of 4 kg/cm2 = ± (0.5×4)/100
= ± 0..02 kg/cm2
3.1.2 đúČĂÖđÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆîöćêøåćîìĊęÝąöćìĞćÖćøÿĂïđìĊ÷ïǰUUC ēé÷öĊ
ךĂÖĞćĀîééĆÜîĊĚǰóĉÿĆ÷ÖćøüĆéÝąêšĂÜÙøĂïÙúčöǰUUC ÙŠćÙüćöëĎÖêšĂÜĀøČĂÙŠć
ÙüćöĕöŠĒîŠîĂî×÷ć÷ÝąêšĂÜéĊÖüŠćǰUUC Ă÷ŠćÜîšĂ÷ǰǰđìŠćǰĒúąđÖÝüĆéÙüćö
éĆîöćêøåćîÝąêšĂÜđðŨîĒïïĔßšÖĆïĂćÖćýēé÷êšĂ ÜöĊĀîŠü÷đĀöČĂîÖĆîđìŠćîĆĚîǰ
ĔîïìÙüćöîĊĚđúČĂÖĔßšđÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆîöćêøåćîĒïïúöêćöøĎðìĊęǰǰóĉÿĆ÷ Öćø
üĆéǰǰ–ǰǰkg/cm2 class 0.1% of span = ± 0.1% of 4 kg/cm2
= ± (0.1×4)/100 = ±0..004 kg/cm2 ÝąđĀĘîüŠćǰSTD éĊÖüŠćǰUUC
0.02/0.004 = 5 đìŠć

SI Unit (mass, length, time) Primary standard

øĎðìĊęǰǰǰÖćøÿĂïđìĊ÷ïđÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆîéšü÷đÖÝöćêøåćîĒïïúö
Pressure Balance
Secondary standard
3.1.ǰǰêĉéêĆĚÜǰUUC ĔîøąïïÖćøÿĂïđìĊ÷ïĒúąéĞćđîĉîÖćøêćö×ĆĚîêĂîéĆÜîĊĚ
Dead Weight Tester
-ǰǰǰìĞćÙüćöÿąĂćé UUC ĔîïøĉđüèìĊęÿćöćøëđךćëċÜĕéšǰĂ÷ŠćĔĀšöĊÿĉęÜǰǰǰǰǰ
National standard ǰǰǰǰÿÖðøÖǰðîđðŚŪĂî
- đöČęĂêĉéêĆĚÜøąïïÖćøÿĂïđìĊ÷ïêćöøĎðêøüÝÿĂïüŠćöĊÖćøøĆęüàċö
Test Gauge ǰǰǰǰĀøČĂĕöŠ
Working standard
- ǰǰüĆéÙŠćÙüćöÿĎÜìĊęĒêÖêŠćÜÖĆî×ĂÜǰSTD đìĊ÷ïÖĆïǰUUC ;
Pressure Gauge ʼnI = - 0.068 m
Pressure Instruments - üĆéÙŠćĂčèĀõĎöĉĀšĂÜǰÙüćößČĚîÿĆöóĆìíŤǰĒúąÙüćöéĆîïøø÷ćÖćýǰ
ǰǰǰǰ°C, RH 49.19 %, 1007.05 mbar
øĎðìĊęǰ14ǰǰÙüćöÿĂï÷šĂîÖúĆïĕéš×ĂÜđÙøČęĂÜöČĂüĆéÙüćöéĆî - đüúćĔîÖćøøĂÿĞćĀøĆïÖćøǰpre-load ìĊęÙüćöéĆîÿĎÜÿčéĒúąßŠüÜ

=9Wg®,<S<9Wg¯$S;DTD;ª:S;IT'C¯²²± 38
ITELTEIV-T$TE=9ZCIS;
 êŠĂÖĆî×ĂÜÖćøǰpre-load ÝąêšĂÜĔßšđüúćøĂĂ÷ŠćÜîšĂ÷ǰǰüĉîćìĊ
- ĀúĆÜÝćÖÖćøǰpre-load ĒúąÙŠć×ĂÜǰUUC Ă÷ĎŠĔîÿõćüąÙÜìĊęǰ
ÝąêšĂÜöĊÖćøðøĆïýĎî÷Ť
- ߊüÜđüúćÖćøđðúĊę÷îÙüćöéĆîĔîĒêŠúąÝčé×ĂÜÖćøÿĂïđìĊ÷ïÙüø
øĆÖþćđüúćĔĀšđìŠćÖĆîĒúąĕöŠÙüøîšĂ÷ÖüŠćǰǰüĉîćìĊ
ǰǰUncertainty of Resolution : ÙüćöĕöŠĒîŠîĂî×ĂÜÙüćöúąđĂĊ÷é
ĔîÖćøĂŠćîÙŠć×ĂÜǰUUC đîČęĂÜÝćÖÖćøĂŠćîÙŠćìĊęïĆîìċÖĔîñúÖćøÿĂïđìĊ÷ï
đðŨîÖćøĂŠćîÙŠćÝćÖÿđÖú×ĂÜǰSTD ĒêŠĕéšëĎÖðøąđöĉîÙüćöĕöŠĒîŠîĂîÝćÖÖćø
ÿĂïđìĊ÷ï STD öćĒúšüĒúąđüúćîĞćǰUUC ĕðĔßšÜćîÝąêšĂÜĂŠćîÙŠćÝćÖǰUUC
ÝċÜêšĂÜîĞćđĂćÙŠćÙüćöĕöŠĒîŠîĂîĔîÖćøĂŠćîÙŠć×ĂÜǰUUC öćÙĞćîüè

- đüúćĔîÖćøĂŠćîÙŠćÙüøÝąÖøąìĞćĀúĆÜÝćÖđøĉęöđðúĊę÷îÙüćöéĆî
Ă÷ŠćÜîšĂ÷ ǰüĉîćìĊ ures
resolution (5)
- ߊüÜÝčéÿĎÜÿčé×ĂÜÖćøÿĂïđìĊ÷ïĀúĆÜÝćÖǰǰüĉîćìĊĔĀšïĆîìċÖÙŠćìĊę 3

ĂŠćîĕéšđðŨîÙŠćÿĎÜÿčé×ĂÜàĊøĊę÷ŤìĊęǰǰÖŠĂîúéÙüćöéĆîúÜêšĂÜøĂđüúć
ÙŠćÙüćöúąđĂĊ÷éĔîÖćøĂŠćîÙŠć×ĂÜǰUUC ĔßšĒîüìćÜ×ĂÜ DKD-R 6-1 Āîšćǰ
ĂĊÖǰǰîćìĊ ÝċÜĂŠćîÙŠćĒúšüïĆîìċÖúÜĔîàĊøĊę÷ŤìĊęǰǰĔîÖøèĊìĊęđðŨîđÖÝ
ǰךĂǰ UUC öĊÙŠćǰinterval scale ĀøČĂǰdivision = 0.05 kg/cm2
üĆéÙüćöéĆîĒïïìŠĂïĎøŤéĂÜǰ ÖøèĊìĊęđðŨî pressure transducer
êŠĂǰǰߊĂÜìĊęđúĘÖìĊęÿčéǰǰđ×Ęö×ĂÜǰUUC öĊÙüćöïćÜóĂìĊęÝąüćÜúÜĕðĔîߊĂÜđúĘÖ
ĔßšđüúćĔîÖćøøĂïĆîìċÖ ÙŠćǰǰîćìĊ

ĕéšǰǰđ×Ęö (ÿćöćøëĔßšÿć÷êćðøąöćèĕéšüŠćǰǰđ×Ęöǰ ǰǰđ×ĘöǰĀøČĂǰǰđ×Ęö

Ĕî
- ÙŠćÙüćöéĆî×ĂÜÝčéǰ“0” ìĊęÝčéÿčéìšć÷ĔîĒêŠúąøĂï×ĂÜÖćøÿĂï
ìĊęîĊĚðøąöćèüŠć üćÜĕéšđóĊ÷ Üǰǰđ×Ę ö ǰÝąĕéšÙŠć ÙüćöúąđĂĊ ÷ éĔîÖćøĂŠ ć îÙŠ ć
đìĊ÷ïÝąêšĂÜïĆîìċÖÙŠćĀúĆÜÝćÖĕéšöĊÖćøðúŠĂ÷ÙüćöéĆîĔîøąïïÿĎŠ
đìŠćÖĆïǰǰinterval scale / 5 = 0.05/5 = 0.01 kg/cm2
ïøø÷ćÖćýĂ÷ŠćÜîšĂ÷ǰǰüĉîćìĊ
- ÖćøĂŠćîÙŠćÙüćöéĆîïîĀîšćðŦìöŤ×ĂÜđÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆîĒïïìŠĂ 0.01
ures 0.006 kg / cm2
ïĎøŤéĂÜÝąêšĂÜđÙćąđïćėÖŠĂîĒúšüÝċÜĂŠćîÙŠćÙüćöéĆî 3
ǰUncertainty of acceleration due to gravity : ÙŠćĒøÜēîšöëŠüÜ
êćøćÜìĊęǰ êćøćÜñúÖćøÿĂïđìĊ÷ïǰđÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆîǰÖúčŠöǰB ×ĂÜēúÖĔîĒêŠúąóČĚîìĊę ìĊęÙĞćîüèĕéš öĊÙŠćÙüćöĕöŠĒîŠîĂîĒêÖêŠćÜÖĆîĕöŠđÖĉîǰ
sǰppm ĀšĂÜðäĉïĆêĉÖćøÿĂïđìĊ÷ïÙüćöéĆî×ĂÜÿëćïĆîđìÙēîēú÷ĊðìčöüĆî
STD Input Applied öĊÙŠćđìŠćÖĆïǰ.783228 m/s2 sǰǰppm = 9.783228 × 50 × 10-6;
UUC U(g) = 0.0004892 m/s2
Resolution 0.0025 [kg/cm2]
Reading
M1 M2 M3 M4
[kg/cm2] ugh
1
u Ua u U ( g ) u 'h (6)
up down up down 3
0.0 0.0025 0.0025 0.0025 0.0025
0.5 0.5025 0.4925 0.4925 0.4975 ugh
1
u 1.2 u 0.0004892 u (0.068)
1.0 1.0025 0.9925 1.0050 0.9950 3

1.5 1.5050 1.4925 1.5025 1.4950

ugh 2.304 u105 Pa
2.0 2.0075 1.9925 2.0025 1.9950
2.5 2.5050 2.4925 2.5025 2.4950
3.0 3.0050 2.9950 3.0025 2.9975 ugh 2.304 u105 u (1.019716 u105 ) kg / cm2

3.5 3.5025 3.4950 3.5025 3.4975

4.0 4.0025 3.9975 4.0025 3.9975 ugh 0.2349 u109 | 0 kg / cm2

3.2 ÖćøÙĞćîüèÙŠćÙüćöĕöŠĒîŠîĂî[6] (ĔîìćÜðäĉïĆêĉìĆęü ĕðĔîĀšĂ ÜðäĉïĆêĉÖćøÿĂïđìĊ÷ï×ĂÜēøÜÜćîĂčêÿćĀÖøøöǰ

ÖćøÙĞćîüèÙŠćÙüćöĕöŠĒîŠîĂîìĊęêĞćĒĀîŠÜǰ4.0 kg/cm2 ëČĂüŠćÙŠćîĊĚîšĂ÷öćÖǰÿćöćøëêĆéìĉĚÜĕéš

3.2.1 Uncertainty of Standard Gauge ǰUncertainty of difference in altitude : đîČęĂÜÝćÖĔßš ôčêđĀúĘÖ

ĔîÖćøüĆé ÙüćöÿĎ Ü×ĂÜǰSTD đìĊ÷ ïÖĆï ǰUUC đÖĉé ÙüćöĒêÖêŠć ÜÖĆ îǰ
ʼnIǰǰ-0.068 m ēé÷ìĊęôčêđĀúĘÖöĊÙŠćÙüćöĕöŠĒîŠîĂîÝćÖÖćøĂŠćîÙŠćéšü÷
(accuracy ) u p (4)
us
3 ÿć÷êćǰsǰǰöĉúĉđöêøǰ; U(h) = ± 0.005 m

0.004 1 (7)
us 0.0023 kg / cm2 uh u U a u g l u U ( h)
3 3

39 =9Wg®,<S<9Wg¯$S;DTD;ª:S;IT'C¯²²±
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 1 ª¬ 4.0000    4.0000  º¼
uh u 1.2 u 9.783228 u 0.005 0.03389 Pa ua (up ,9) 0 kg / cm2
3 2 3

ª x4, j  x4,0    x2, j  x2,0  º

uh 0.03389u (1.019716 u105 ) kg / cm2 ua ( down, j ) ¬ ¼ (11)
2 3

uh 0.034558 u105 | 0 kg / cm2 ( x4,9  x4,0 ) = (3.9975 – 0.0025) = 3.9950 kg/cm2

3.2.5 Uncertainty of Hysteresis : ( x2,9  x2,0 ) = (3.9975 – 0.0025) = 3.9950 kg/cm2

uhys
^ `
1u ª¬ x2, j  x1,0    x1, j  x1,0  º¼  ª¬ x4, j  x3,0    x3, j  x3,0 º¼
(8) ua ( down,9)
ª¬ 3.9950    3.9950 º¼
0 kg / cm2
nu2 3 2 3

ua ( max ) Max ª¬U a (up , j ) ,U a ( down, j ) º¼ 0.0000 kg / cm2

n ÙČĂ ÝĞćîüîǰcycle ĔîìĊęîĊĚìĞćÖćøÿĂïđìĊ÷ïǰǰcycle ĀøČĂǰǰseries
3.2.8 Combined Uncertainty (đðŨîÖćøÖøąÝć÷ÙüćöîŠćÝąđðŨî
M1 ÙČĂǰǰseries , M1 ëċÜǰM2 ÙČĂǰǰcycle , M1 ëċÜǰM4 ÙČĂǰǰcycle
ĒïïðÖêĉìĊęÙüćöđßČęĂöĆęîðøąöćèǰǰ% , normal distribution)
éĆÜîĆĚîǰǰn = 2 Ēúąǰj ÙČĂÝčéÿĂïđìĊ÷ïìĊęǰǰ kg/cm2 (ÝčéìĊęǰ

x 2, j ÙČĂǰǰÙŠćìĊęĂŠćîĕéšêĞćĒĀîŠÜìĊęǰ j Ĕîǰseries ìĊęǰǰ(M2)

x ÙČĂǰǰÙŠćìĊęĂŠćîĕéšêĞćĒĀîŠÜìĊęǰ 0 Ĕîǰseries ìĊęǰ (M1)
1,0
uc us 2  ures 2  ugh 2  uh 2  uhys 2  uzero 2  ua 2 (12)
x1, j ÙČĂǰǰÙŠćìĊęĂŠćîĕéšêĞćĒĀîŠÜìĊęǰ j Ĕîǰseries ìĊęǰǰ(M1)
uc 0.00232  0.0062  (0)2  (0)2  (1.4433 u103 ) 2  (0)2  (0)2
x 4, j ÙČĂǰǰÙŠćìĊęĂŠćîĕéšêĞćĒĀîŠÜìĊęǰ j Ĕîǰseries ìĊęǰǰ(M4)
x3,0 ÙČĂǰǰÙŠćìĊęĂŠćîĕéšêĞćĒĀîŠÜìĊęǰ 0 Ĕîǰseries ìĊęǰ (M3) uc 6.58164 u103 kg / cm2
x3, j ÙČĂǰǰÙŠćìĊęĂŠćîĕéšêĞćĒĀîŠÜìĊęǰ j Ĕîǰseries ìĊęǰǰ(M3)  Expanded Uncertainty đðŨîÖćøÖøąÝć÷ÙüćöîŠćÝąđðŨîĒïï
( x  x ) = (3.9975 – 0.0025) = 3.9950 kg/cm2
2,9 1,0 ðÖêĉǰ ǰnormal distribution DKD-R 6-1 ÖĞćĀîéĔĀšĔßšǰcoverage factor ;
( x  x ) = (4.0025 – 0.0025) = 4.0000 kg/cm2
1,9 1,0 K = 2 ìĊęÙŠćÙüćöđßČęĂöĆęîðøąöćèǰ%
( x  x ) = (3.9975 – 0.0025) = 3.9950 kg/cm2
4,9 3,0

( x  x ) = (4.0025 – 0.0025) = 4.0000 kg/cm2

3,9 3,0 U exp r 2 u uc (13)

^
1u ª¬ 3.9950    4.0000 º¼  ª¬ 3.9950    4.0000 º¼ ` U exp r 2 u (6.58164 u103 ) r 0.0132 kg / cm2
uhys
2u 2 3
ìĆĚÜîĊĚÙŠćÝĞćÖĆé×ĂÜÙüćöĕöŠĒîŠîĂî (limiting values for uncertainty
uhys 1.4433 u10 kg / cm3 2
statements
DKD-R 6-1 ÖĞćĀîéĕüšéĆÜîĊĚ
3.2.6 Uncertainty of Zero deviation ÖúčŠöǰB ÙŠćÙüćöĕöŠĒîŠîĂîÝąêšĂÜĕöŠîšĂ÷ÖüŠć 0.04% of span
= ± 0.0016 kg/cm2
^ `
Max ª¬ x2,0  x1,0  º¼ , ª¬ x4,0  x3,0  º¼
(9)
u zero
2 3 êćøćÜìĊęǰ2 êćøćÜÙĞćîüèĀćÙüćöĕöŠĒîŠîĂîǰñúÖćøÿĂïđìĊ÷ïǰ
đÖÝüĆéÙüćöéĆîǰÖúčŠöǰB (with Hysteresis) ; kg/cm2
( x2,0  x1,0 ) = (0.0025 – 0.0025) = 0.0000 kg/cm2
( x4,0  x3,0 ) = (0.0025 – 0.0025) = 0.0000 kg/cm2 UUC STD (avg) Error Error+Uncer Error-Uncer
0.0 0.00250 -0.0025 +0.0107 -0.0157
uzero 0.0000 kg / cm2
0.5 0.49625 +0.0037 +0.0170 -0.0095
3.2.7 Uncertainty of Repeatability 1.0 0.99875 +0.0012 +0.0145 -0.0120
1.5 1.49875 +0.0012 +0.0145 -0.0120
ª x3, j  x3,0    x1, j  x1,0  º 2.0 1.99938 +0.0006 +0.0138 -0.0126
ua (up , j ) ¬ ¼ (10)
2 3 2.5 2.49875 +0.0013 +0.0145 -0.0119
3.0 3.00000 0.0000 +0.0132 -0.0132
( x3,9  x3,0 ) = (4.0025 – 0.0025) = 4.0000 kg/cm2 3.5 3.49938 +0.0006 +0.0138 -0.0126
4.0 4.00000 0.0000 +0.0132 -0.0132
( x1,9  x1,0 ) = (4.0025 – 0.0025) = 4.0000 kg/cm2

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 [6] ǰíüĆßǰǰߊćÜðŦŪîǰúĉ×ĉêǰĔÿĀîĎǰßĆßüćúǰóøóĆçîŤÖčú,ǰ“đĂÖÿćøðøąÖĂïǰǰǰǰǰ
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ÜćîüĉÝĆ÷ìĊęÿîĔÝǰǰMetrology & Calibration, measurement systems

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đĂÖÿćøĂšćÜĂĉÜ
[1] British Standards Institution, “Pressure gauge Part 1
Boundon tube pressure gauges–Dimensions”, metrology
requirements and testing, BS EN 837-1:1998.
[2] Deutscher Kalibriedienst DKD, Kalibrierung von
druckmeferaten,“Pressure gauge calibration”, DKD R 6-1 ǰ
March 2003.
[3] N. Bignell, R. R. Cook, D. G . S. Groeneveld, E. C. Morris, D.
B. Prowse, “Pressure measurement and calibration for
industrial laboratories”, Course on pressure
measurement, CSIRO Division of Applied Physics, NML,
1986.
[4] Philip W. Harland, “Pressure gauge handbook”, Ametek
U.S Gauge Division, Sellersville, Pennsylvania.
[5] ßĆßüćúǰóøóĆçîŤÖčú,ǰ“đÙøČęĂÜöČĂüĆéÙüćöéĆîĒúąÖćøÿĂïđìĊ÷ï”,ǰ
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