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‫ﻣﻧﺯﻟﺔ ﺻﻐﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﺳﻧﻭﺳﻲ ﻋﻧﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺎﺭﺑﺔ‬

‫ﺧﺎﻟﺩ َﺯ ْﻫﺭﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺣﺳﻧﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺭﺑﺎﻁ‬

‫ﺗﺑﻭﺃﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﺑﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺳﻊ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻬﺟﺭﺓ )= ﻕ‪ 15 .‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻧﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﱠ‬


‫ﺳﻠﻁﺔ ﻣﻌﺭﻓﻳﺔ ﻟﺩﻯ ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺎﺭﺑﺔ ﻫﻲ‪" :‬ﻋﻘﻴﺪﺓ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺯﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺮﻭﺍﻧﻲ" )ﺕ‪ 386 .‬ﻫـ‬
‫‪ 996 /‬ﻡ( ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺍﻓﺘُﺘِﺤﺖ ﺑﻬﺎ "ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺮﻭﺍﻧﻴﺔ"‪ ،‬ﻭ"ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺷﺪﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺋﺪ"‬
‫ﻟﻤﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺗﻮﻣﺮﺕ )ﺕ‪ 524 .‬ﻫـ ‪ 1129 /‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻭ"ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻫﺎﻧﻴﺔ" ﻷﺑﻲ ﻋﻤﺮﻭ‬
‫ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻟﺠﻲ )ﺕ‪ 574 .‬ﻫـ ‪ 1178 /‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻭ"ﻧﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻮﺏ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻲ )ﺕ‪ .‬ﺣﻮﺍﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺳ ِﻔ ّ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﻮﺏ" ﻷﺑﻲ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻦ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺟﺮﻱ ﺍﻵ َ‬
‫‪ 668‬ﻫـ ‪ 1269 /‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﻴﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﻠﺖ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻋﻘﻴﺪﺓ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﺃﻟﱠﻔﻬﺎ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺑﻥ‬
‫ﻳﻭﺳﻑ ﺍﻟﺳﻧﻭﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺗﻠﻣﺳﺎﻧﻲ )ﺕ‪ 895 .‬ﻫـ ‪ 1489 /‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻋﻘﻴﺪﺓ "ﺃﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﺍﻫﻴﻦ"‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻓﺔ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺑــ "ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺮﻯ"‪ ،‬ﻭ"ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺮﻯ"‪ ،‬ﻭ"ﺻﻐﺮﻯ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺳﻲ"‪ ،‬ﻭ"ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺳﻴﺔ"‪ ،‬ﻭ"ﻋﻘﻴﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺮﻯ"‪،‬‬
‫ﻭ"ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺳﻴﺔ"‪ ،‬ﻭ"ﻣﺘﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺳﻴﺔ"‪..‬‬
‫ﻭﻟﻡ ﺗﻛﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﺯﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺣﺎﺯﺗﻬﺎ ﺇﻻ ﺑﺳﺑﺏ ﺍﻟﺧﺻﺎﺋﺹ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﻣﻳﱠﺯﺗﻬﺎ ﻋﻥ‬
‫ﻏﻳﺭﻫﺎ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺋﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻫﻣﻬﺎ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﺣﺗﻭﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺯﺑﺩﺓ "ﺍﻟﻛﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺷﻌﺭﻱ"‪ ،‬ﻣﻣﺎ ﻳﺟﻌﻝ‬
‫ﻅﺎ ﻭﻓ ْﻬ ًﻣﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﺳﺗﻐﻧﻳﺎ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻋﻥ ﻣﻁﺎﻟﻌﺔ ﻛﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍﻭﻳﻥ ﻓﻲ "ﻋﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟ ُﻣ ْﻘ ِﺑ َﻝ ﻋﻠﻳﻬﺎ‪ِ ،‬ﺣ ْﻔ ً‬
‫ﺍﻟﻛﻼﻡ"‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﻌﺑﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺳﻧﻭﺳﻲ‪" :‬ﺗﺯﻫﻭ ﺑﻣﺣﺎﺳﻧﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍﻭﻳﻥ"‪ ،1‬ﻷﻧﻬﺎ؛ "ﻣﻊ‬
‫ﺳﺭﺓ ﻟﻔﻬﻡ ﺍﻟﺣﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺗﺻﺎﺭﻫﺎ؛ ﻓﻔﻳﻬﺎ ﻣﻥ ﺗﺣﻘﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺑﺭﺍﻫﻳﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ ﻳﺟﻠﻭ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﻧﻔﻭﺱ ﺍﻟﻣﻳ ﱠ‬
‫ﻭﻗﺑﻭ ِﻟ ِﻪ ﻣﻥ ﺃﻫﻠﻪ ﻛﻝ ﻛﺭﺏ"‪.2‬‬
‫ﻓﻼ ﻏﺭﻭ؛ ﺇﺫًﺍ؛ ﺃﻥ ﻳُ ْﻘﺑِﻝ ﻋﻠﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺎﺭﺑﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻔﻅﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻬﻣﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺩﺭﺳﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻧﺳﺧﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﻥ ﻳُ َﺣﻠﱡﻭﻫﺎ ﺑﻣﺎ ﺗﺳﺗﺣﻖ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﻧﺎء‪ ،‬ﺣﻳﺙ ﺍﻋﺗﺑﺭﻫﺎ ﺗﻠﻣﻳﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺷﻳﺦ ﺃﺑﻭ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺑﻥ ﻋﻣﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻼﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﺗﻠﻣﺳﺎﻧﻲ )ﻛﺎﻥ ﺣﻳﺎ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 897‬ﻫـ ‪ 1492 /‬ﻡ( "ﻣﻥ ﺃ َ َﺟ ِّﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺋﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﺗﻌﺎﺩﻟﻬﺎ ﻋﻘﻳﺩﺓ ﻣﻥ ﻋﻘﺎﺋﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺗﻘ ﱠﺩﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻣﻥ ﺗﺄ ﱠﺧﺭ"‪.3‬‬
‫ﺗﺑﻭﺃﺗﻬﺎ "ﺻﻐﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﺳﻧﻭﺳﻲ" ﻟﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺳﻧﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﱠ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﻳﻛﺷﻑ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﺯﻟﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺎﺭﺑﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺳﻧﻛﺗﻔﻲ؛ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺑﺣﺙ؛ ﺑﺫﻛﺭ ﺑﻌﺽ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﻡ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﺯﻟﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻥ ﺧﻼﻝ‬

‫‪ - 1‬ﺧﻄﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺳﻲ ﻓﻲ "ﺷﺮﺣﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﺍﻫﻴﻦ"‪ ،‬ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻅ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻁﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺑﺎﻁ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺭﻗﻢ "‪ 5‬ﺩ"‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻗﺔ ‪ 155‬ﺏ‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 2‬ﺷﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ ﻟﻤﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭﺓ ﺿﻤﻦ "ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ ﻭﺷﺮﺣﻬﺎ"‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﺃﺣﻤﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺑﻴﺮﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪ ،2006 / 1427 ،1 .‬ﺹ‪.20 .‬‬
‫‪ - 3‬ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻭﺳﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻗﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺳﻴﺔ ﻷﺑﻲ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﻟﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻅ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺑﺎﻁ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺭﻗﻢ‬
‫"‪ ،"1798‬ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻗﺔ ‪ 266‬ﺃ‪.‬‬

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‫ﺻﻬﺎ ﺃﻫ ُﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﺏ ﺑﻬﺫﻩ‬
‫َﺭ ْﺳ ِﻡ ﻣﻁﺎﻟﺏ ﺗﻧﺩﺭﺝ ﺗﺣﺗﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﺧﺻﺎﺋﺹ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺧ ﱠ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻳﺩﺓ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻘﺭﻳﻅﻬﺎ ﻧﺛﺭﺍ ﻭﻧﻅﻣﺎ‬

‫ﺣﺎﺯﺕ "ﺍﻟﺻﻐﺭﻯ" ﻗﺻﺏ ﺍﻟﺳﺑﻖ ﺑﻳﻥ ﻛﻝ ﻣﺎ ﺃ ُ ِﻟّﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺋﺩ‪ ،‬ﻣﻥ ﺣﻳﺙ‬


‫ﺍﻟﺛﻧﺎ ُء ﻋﻠﻳﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﻘﺭﻳﻅﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺩ ﺻﻧﻔﻬﺎ ﺍﺑﻥ ﻋﺳﻛﺭ ﺍﻟﺷﻔﺷﺎﻭﻧﻲ )ﺕ‪ 986 .‬ﻫـ ‪1578 /‬‬
‫ﻡ( ﺿﻣﻥ ﺃﻓﺿﻝ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻟﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ‪ ،4‬ﻭ َﻧ َﻘ َﻝ ﻋﻥ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﻭﺭﻳﺎﺟﻠﻲ )ﻣﻥ‬
‫ﻣﺷﺎﻳﺦ ﻕ‪ 10 .‬ﻫـ‪ 16 /‬ﻡ( ﻗﻭﻟﻪ‪" :‬ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺧﺭﺝ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻛﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺇﻻ ﻣﻥ ﺻﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻣﻧﻭﺭ"‪ ،‬ﻭﻧﺫﺭ‪ 5‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻔﺳﻪ‪ ،‬ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﺗﻔﺎﺭﻗﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻳﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﻼﻟﺔ ﻗﺩﺭﻩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﱠ‬
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‫ﻭﻋﻅﻳﻡ ﺇﻧﺻﺎﻓﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺫﻟﻙ ﻣﻣﺎ ﺣﻣﻝ ﺍﻟﻧﺎﺱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻔﻅﻬﺎ ﻭﻗﺭﺍءﺗﻬﺎ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻧﻌﺗﻬﺎ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺑﻥ ﺃﺣﻣﺩ ﺍﻟﺣﺿﻳﮕﻲ )ﺕ‪ 1189 .‬ﻫـ ‪ 1775 /‬ﻡ( ﺑﻘﻭﻟﻪ‪" :‬ﻣﻥ‬
‫ﺃﺟﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺋﺩ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﻧﻅﻳﺭ ﻟﻬﺎ"‪ ،‬ﻭﻧﻘﻝ ﻋﻥ ﻣﺅﻟﻔﻬﺎ ﻗﻭﻟﻪ‪" :‬ﺇﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻛﻔﻲ ﻋﻥ ﺳﺎﺋﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺋﺩ"‪.7‬‬
‫ﻭﺣﻼﻫﺎ ﺃﺣﻣﺩ ﻋﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺷﺎﺫﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﺎﻟﻛﻲ ﺑﻘﻭﻟﻪ‪" :‬ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻳﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﻣﺎﺓ ﺑــ "ﺃﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺑﺭﺍﻫﻳﻥ" ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺋﻘﺔ؛ ﻣﻊ ﺻﻐﺭ ﺣﺟﻣﻬﺎ؛ ﻛﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍﻭﻳﻥ‪ .‬ﻋﺭﻑ ﺫﻟﻙ ﻟﻬﺎ َﻣﻥ ﺃﺷﺭﻕ‬
‫ﻗﻠﺑﻪ ﺑﺄﻧﻭﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻳﻘﻳﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺷﻬﺩ ﺑﻪ َﻣﻥ ﻭﻗﻑ ﻋﻠﻳﻬﺎ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻣﺎء ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﻳﻥ"‪.8‬‬
‫ﻭﻧﻌﺗﻬﺎ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻟﺏ ﺍﺑﻥ ﺍﻟﺣﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﺳﻠﻣﻲ )ﺕ‪ ،(1857 / 1273 .‬ﺑﺄﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻥ‬
‫ﺃﻧﻔﺱ ﺍﻟﻣﺅﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻛﻼﻣﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﻳُﺗ َ َﻌ ﱠﺭﺽ ﻓﻳﻬﺎ "ﻟﺑﻳﺎﻥ ﻛﻝ ﻋﻘﻳﺩﺓ ﺑﺑﺭﻫﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺳﻣﻌﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﻥ ﻏﻳﺭ ﺗﻌﺭﺽ ﻟﻣﺫﺍﻫﺏ ﺍﻟﻣﺑﻁﻠﻳﻥ"‪.9‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﻓﻳﻬﺎ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﺳﻼﻡ ﺑﻥ ﻧﺎﺻﺭ‪:‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﻥ ﻳﺭﺩ ﺗﻘﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺋﺩ‬
‫ﺑﺣﺟﺞ ﻛﺩﺭﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﻼﺋﺩ‬
‫ﻓﻠﻳﺗﻌﺎﻁ ﻛﺗﺏ ﺍﻟﺳﻧﻭﺳﻲ‬
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‫ﺍﻟﻧﻔﻭﺱ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻑ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻻﺳﻳﻣﺎ "ﺻﻐﺭﺍﻩ" ﻓﻬﻲ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬
‫ﺃﺩﻟﺔ ﻟﻛﻝ ﻟﺑﺱ ﺩﺍﻓﻌﺔ‬
‫‪ - 4‬ﺩﻭﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺷﺮ ﻟﻤﺤﺎﺳﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻐﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺸﺎﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺷﺮ ﻟﻤﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺴﻜﺮ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﺸﺎﻭﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺣﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺮﺏ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺘﺄﻟﻴﻒ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﺟﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺮﺑﺎﻁ‪ ،1977/1397 ،‬ﺹ‪ .121 .‬ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ "ﺃﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻁﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻋﻴﺎﻥ" ﻻﺑﻦ ﻋﺠﻴﺒﺔ )ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻅ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺭﻗﻢ "‪ ،"11481‬ﺹ‪.(170 .‬‬
‫‪ - 5‬ﺃﻱ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻳﺎﺟﻠﻲ‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 6‬ﺩﻭﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺷﺮ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .122 ،33 .‬ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ "ﺃﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺘﺎﻥ" )ﺹ‪.(171 .‬‬
‫‪ - 7‬ﻁﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﻀﻴﮕﻲ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺃﺣﻤﺪ ﺑﻮﻣﺰﮔﻮ‪ ،‬ﻣﻄﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺎء‪ ،‬ﻁ‪ ،2006 / 1427 ،1 .‬ﺝ‪ ،1 .‬ﺹ‪.240 .‬‬
‫‪ - 8‬ﺇﻋﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺟﺪﻳﻦ ﻓﻲﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﺄﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﺍﻫﻴﻦ ﻷﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺫﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻅ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺭﻗﻢ‬
‫"‪ ،"7508‬ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻗﺔ ‪ 16‬ﺏ‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 9‬ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺒﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺩﺉ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮ ﻟﻤﺤﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻤﻲ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺟﻌﻔﺮ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻤﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺔ ﺗﻄﺎﻭﻥ ﺃﺳﻤﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺳﻠﺴﻠﺔ ﺗﺮﺍﺙ )‪ – (12‬ﻣﻄﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﺞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺗﻄﻮﺍﻥ‪ ،2007 / 1428 ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2 .‬ﺹ‪.221 .‬‬
‫‪ - 10‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻮﺳﻲ‪.‬‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫ﺟﺯﺍﻩ ﺭﺑﻧﺎ ﺟﺯﺍء ﺣﺳﻧﺎ‬
‫ﻭﻟﺳﻠﻭﻙ ﻧﻬﺟﻪ ﻭﻓﻘﻧﺎ‪.11‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﻣﺎ ﻭﺟﺩﺗُﻪُ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻘﺭﻳﻅﻬﺎ – ﻋﻼﻭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺋﺩ ﺍﻟﺳﻧﻭﺳﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺧﺭﻯ ‪،-‬‬
‫"ﺭﺍﺋﻳﺔ" ﻟﻺﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺯﻱ‪ ،12‬ﻫﺫﺍ ﻧﺻﻬﺎ‪:13‬‬
‫ﺗﻭﺍﻟﻳﻑ ﻋﻠﻡ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻳﻑ‪ 14‬ﺍﺑﻥ ﻳﻭﺳﻑ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺷﻬﺭ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ﺃﺟﻝ ﺗﻭﺍﻟﻳﻑ‪ 15‬ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻟﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻧﺣﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﻠﻣﻳﻥ ﻗﻼﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺻ ُﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﺑﺎﻋﺩ ﻋﻧﻪ‪ 16‬ﺷﻛﺭ ﻛﻝ ﻭﻳُ ْﻘ َ‬
‫ﻓﺣﺳﺑُﻙ ﻓﻲ "ﺍﻟﺻﻐﺭﻯ" ﻋﻘﻳﺩﺓ ُ ﺳﻧ ٍﺔ‬
‫ْ ‪18‬‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ﺃﺿﺣﺕ ﺗﺑﺧﺗ َ ُﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺑﺭﻫﺎﻧﻬﺎ‪ 17‬ﺍﻟﻘﻁﻌﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺟﻬﺯ ﻓﻲ "ﺍﻟﻛﺑﺭﻯ"‪ 19‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻫﻝ ﺑﺩﻋﺔ‬
‫ﱠ‬
‫ﻳﺗﻘﻁ ُﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺳﻳﻑ ﺻﻘﻳﻝ ﻣﻥ ﺩﻡ‬
‫ﺳ ْ‬
‫ﻁﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻣ ﱠﻬﺩ‪ 20‬ﻓﻲ "ﺍﻟﻭﺳﻁﻰ"‪ 21‬ﻋﻠﻭﻣﺎ ﻭﺃﻭ َ‬
‫ﺑﺄﻧﻭﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﺗﺟﻠﻭ ﺍﻟﻅﻼﻡ ﻭﺗ ُ ْﺯ ِﻫ ُﺭ‬
‫ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺩﻋﻰ "ﻣﻘﺩﻣﺔ"‪ 22‬ﻓﻼ‬
‫ﺗﺩ ْﻉ ﺳﻌﻳﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﺗﻝ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﻫﻲ "ﺃﺻﻐﺭ"‪.23‬‬
‫ﺑﻥ َﻳ ﱠﺟﺑْﺵ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺯﻱ )ﺕ‪ 920 .‬ﻫـ ‪ 1514 /‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﻭﻧﻅﻡ ﺗﻠﻣﻳﺫُ ﺍﻟﺳﻧﻭﺳ ّ‬
‫ﻲ ِ ﻣﺣﻣ ُﺩ ُ‬
‫"ﺗﺎﺋﻳﺔ" ﻓﻲ ﺗﻘﺭﻳﻅﻬﺎ‪ ،24‬ﻣﻊ ﺗﺫﻳﻳﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﻘﻭﻟﻪ‪" :‬ﻓﺟﺯﺍﻛﻡ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻳﺎ ﻧﻌﻡ ﺍﻟﺳﻳﺩ‪ ،‬ﻋﻥ‬
‫ﺃﻧﻔﺳﻛﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﻠﻣﻳﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﺄﻓﺿﻝ ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺃﻭﻟﻳﺎءﻩ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﻘﻳﻥ‪ .‬ﻟﻘﺩ ﺑﺫﻟﺗﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻬﻭﺩ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻧﺻﺢ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﻠﻣﻳﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﻳﻧﺗﻡ ﺍﻹﺷﻛﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺛﻳﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﻘﺩﻣﻳﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺗﺄﺧﺭﻳﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻧﻅﻣﺗﻡ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻔﺗﺭﻗﺎ ﻣﻥ ﺗﻠﻙ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻅﻬﺭﺗﻡ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺧﺗﻔﻳﺎ ﻣﻥ ﺗﻠﻙ ﺍﻟﻐﺭﺭ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺑﺭﺯﺕ ﻣﺗﻘﻧﺔ ﺑﺟﻼﺑﻳﺏ ﺗﻠﻙ ﺍﻟﻌﺑﺎﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻣﻧﺧﺭﻁﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺳﻠﻭﻙ ﺃﺳﺎﻟﻳﺏ ﺗﻠﻙ‬

‫‪ - 11‬ﻗﺼﻴﺪﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪ ﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ﺑﻦ ﻧﺎﺻﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻅ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺭﻗﻢ "‪ ،"12095‬ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻗﺔ ‪ 130‬ﺃ‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 12‬ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺿﺒﻂ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻴﺪﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺴﺨﺘﻴﻦ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻅﺘﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻣﺴﺠﻠﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺭﻗﻢ "‪ ،"2185‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻗﺔ ‪ 175‬ﺃ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺟﺪﺗﻬﺎ ﻣﻜﺘﻮﺑﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺧﺘﻢ ﺷﺮﺡ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺳﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ "ﻋﻤﺪﺓ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻓﻴﻖ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺴﺪﻳﺪ ﻓﻲ ﺷﺮﺡ ﻋﻘﻴﺪﺓ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪ"‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﺴﺠﻠﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ‬
‫ﺭﻗﻢ "‪ ،"13218‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻗﺔ ‪ 93‬ﺏ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺭﻣﺰﺕ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺮﻑ "ﺃ"‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺮﻑ "ﺏ"‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 13‬ﻛﺘﺐ ﻧﺎﺳﺦ "ﺃ" ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﻆ‪" :‬ﺑﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻭﺁﻟﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء ﻓﻲ ﻣﺪﺡ ﻋﻘﺎﺋﺪ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺳﻲ ﺭﺿﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻨﻪ"‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 14‬ﺏ‪ :‬ﺗﻮﺍﻟﻴﻒ ﺷﻴﺦ ﻟﻠﺸﺮﻳﻒ‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 15‬ﺏ‪ :‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﻒ‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 16‬ﺏ‪ :‬ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 17‬ﺏ‪ :‬ﺑﺒﺮﻫﺎﻧﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 18‬ﺃ‪ :‬ﺃﺿﺤﻰ ﻳﺘﺒﺨﺘﺮ‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 19‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺳﻮﻣﺔ ﺑــ "ﻋﻘﻴﺪﺓ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺮﺟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻅﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﻞ ﻭﺭﺑﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻏﻤﺔ ﺃﻧﻒ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﻉ ﻋﻨﻴﺪ"‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 20‬ﺃ‪ :‬ﻭﺃﺷﻬﺪﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 21‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭ ﻟـ "ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ"‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 22‬ﺃﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ "ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪ"‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 23‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺳﻮﻣﺔ ﺑــ "ﺻﻐﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺮﻯ"‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭ ﻟـ "ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺮﻯ"‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 24‬ﺩﻭﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺷﺮ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.69 – 67 .‬‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻣﻣﺗﻧﻌﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻝ ﻁﻔﻳﻠﻲ ﻻ ﻳﻘﺩﺭ ﻗﺩﺭﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻳﺳﻠﻙ ﻭﻋﺭﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﺋﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻠﺳﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﻟﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻌﺑﺭﺓ ﻋﻥ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﻣﻥ ﺃﺑﺭﺯﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺳﻥ ﺟﻣﺎﻟﻬﺎ‪ِ ،‬ﺑﻘﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻝ‪:‬‬
‫ﻓﺷﺄﻥ ﻓﺣﻭﻝ ﺃﻫﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻡ ﺷﺄﻧﻲ‬
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‫ﻭﺷﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﺑﺳﻁ ﺗﻌﻠﻳﻡ ﺍﻟﺻﻐﺎﺭ" ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺮﻅ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ "ﺃﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﺍﻫﻴﻦ" ﻓﻲ ﻗﺼﻴﺪﺓ ﺗﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺤﺮ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻳﻞ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ﺃﻳﺎ ﻁﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺋﺪ ﻓﺎﻏﺘﻨﻢ‬
‫ﻟﺼﻐﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺳﻲ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻟﻠﻤﺮء ﺁﻳﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺻﻐﻴﺮﺓ ﺟﺮﻡ ﻟﻠﺪﻭﺍﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﻋﺪﻟﺖ‬
‫ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺮﺍﻫﻴﻦ ﺣﻔﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺗﺠﻠﺖ ﺑﺄﻭﺿﺎﺡ ﺍﻷﺩﻟﺔ ﻟﻢ ﺗﺪﻉ‬
‫ﺴﺘﻲ‬‫ﻣﻘﺎﻻ ﻟﻤﻦ ﻳﺮﻳﺪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ُﺧ ْﻠ َ‬
‫ﺼﻠﻬﺎ ﻳﺎ ﺧﻠﻴﻠﻲ ﻭﺍ ْﺳﻊ ﻟﻤﻦ ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺤ ِ ّ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻤﻬﺎ ﻓﻬﻢ ﺛﺎﻗﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺋ ﱠﻤﺘﻲ‬
‫ﻭﻛﺮ ْﺭﻫﺎ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗ َ ْﺠ ِﻨ َﻴ ْﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻤﺎﺭﻫﺎ‬
‫ِّ‬
‫ﺑﻔﻬﻤﻚ ﻣﺎ ﺍﻧﻄﻮﻯ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺩﻟﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﻟﻦ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻳﻮﻣﺎ ﻟﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬
‫ﻄﻠﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻋ ْ‬‫ﻭﺇﻳﺎﻙ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻂ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻭ ُ‬
‫ﻓﺒﺎﺩﺭ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻳﺎ ﺻﺎﺡ ﻭﺍﻏﺘﻨﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎ‬
‫ﻟﺤﺎﻓﻈﻬﺎ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻟﻒ ﺩﻋﻮﺗﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺃَﺛْﻨَﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻢ ﺃﺭ ﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺑﻤﻨﱠ ِﺘﻲ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻛﻴﻤﺎ ﺗﻔﻮﺯ ِ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺣﻮﻳﺖ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻘﺎﺋﺪ‬
‫ﻫﻨﻴﺌﺎ ﻣﺮﻳﺌﺎ ﺷﺎﻣﻠﺘﻚ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺎﺩﺗﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻬﺎ ﺷﻴﺦ ﺟﻠﻴﻞ ﻓﺤﻘﻖ‬
‫ﻟﻪ ﻗﺪﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺳﺨﻴﻦ ﺍﻷﺋﻤﺘﻲ‬
‫ﻁﻮﻯ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻜﻨﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺋﺪ‬
‫ﻭﻳﻨﺒﻴﻚ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻟﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺎﺩﺗﻲ‬
‫ﺗﺄﻣﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻭﺍﻓﻜﻚ ﺭﻣﻮﺯﻫﺎ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﺳﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺇﺫ ﺃﺧﺮﺝ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻐﻴﺮﻩ ﻟﻢ ﻳُ َﺮﺍ‬
‫ﺗﻨﺎﻓﺲ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ ﻧﻔﻴﺴﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺳﻼﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺒﺮ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ‬

‫‪ - 25‬ﺩﻭﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺷﺮ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.69 .‬‬

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‫ﺣﻮﻯ ﺫﺭﻭﺓ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻧﺎﺻﺮﺍ ﻣﻠﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺣﻔﻴﺪ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺳﻴﻔﺎ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺍ‬
‫ﺃﺿﺎءﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺫﺍﻙ ِﻋﺒﺮﺗﻲ‬
‫ﺟﻼ ﻏﻴﻬﺐ ﺍﻟﻈﻼﻡ ﻋﻦ ﻛﻞ ﺭﺍﻏﺐ‬
‫ﻭﺑﺪﺩ ﺷﻤﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﺒﺪﻋﺘﻲ‬
‫ﻭﻻﺡ ﻛﻨﺠﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﻭﺍﺕ ﻗﺪ ﺑﺪﺍ‬
‫ﻓﺄ ْﻧ ِﻌﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺳﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺘﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺣﻞ ﺑﺄﺳﻌﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻫﻞ ﻣﻐﺮﺏ‬
‫ﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡ ﺃﻭﻓﺮ ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺣﻴﻰ ﻋﻠﻮﻣﺎ ﻗﻞ ُﻭ ْﺟﺪﺍﻥ ﺃﻫﻠﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺑﺄﻣﺜﺎﻟﻪ ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ ﺗﻔﺨﺮ ﻣﻠﺘﻲ‬
‫ﻫﻨﻴﺌﺎ ﻟﻚ ﺃﺑﺎ‪ 26‬ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﻘﺪ ﻛﻨﺎ‬
‫ﻟﻌﻠﻤﻚ ﻭﺍﺭﺛﺎ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻨﻚ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﻲ‬
‫ﻭﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ "ﺍﻹﺭﺷﺎﺩ" ﻓﻲ "ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ" ﺑﺜﻪ‬
‫ﺑﻠﻔﻆ ﻭﺟﻴﺰ ﻗﺎﻁﻊ ﻛﻞ ﺷﺒﻬﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺟﺰﺍﻩ ﺍﻹﻟﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﻔﻀﻠﻪ‬
‫‪27‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﺳﻘﻰ ﺿﺮﻳﺤﻪ ﺑﻮﺍﺑﻞ ﺭﺣﻤﺘﻲ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﻭﺭﺩﺕ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻳﻆ‪ ،‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﻧﺼﻬﺎ‪" :‬ﻟﻌﺒﻴﺪ ﺭﺑﻪ ﻫﺎﺷﻢ ﺑﻦ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻲ"‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺒﻬﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﺤﺘﻤﻞ؛ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻗﻞ؛ ﺛﻼﺙ‬
‫ﺩﻻﻻﺕ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‪ :‬ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺼﻮﺩ ﻫﻮ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻅﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﺃﻧﻪ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺘﻤﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‪ :‬ﺃﻧﻪ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺳﺦ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫ ﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎ ﻳُ ْﻜﺘَﺐ ﺍﺳ ُﻤﻪُ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﻓﻲ ﺁﺧﺮﻫﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺣﻴﺚ ﺇﻧﻨﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻧﺠﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺋﻦ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺮﺟﺢ ﺩﻻﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻨﻜﺘﻔﻲ ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﻢ ﺇﻟﻰ "ﻧﺎﻅﻢ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺬﻛﻮﺭ"‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺟﻴﺢ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻧﺎﻅﻢ ﻣﻐﺮﺑﻲ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳُﺣﺗ َﻔﻰ ﺑﺧﺗﻡ ﻋﻘﺎﺋﺩ ﺍﻟﺳﻧﻭﺳﻲ؛ ﺑﻣﺎ ﻓﻳﻬﺎ "ﺍﻟﺻﻐﺭﻯ"‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﻣﺟﺎﻟﺱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﺗﻧﻅﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﻧﺩ ﺫﺍﻙ ﺍﻟﻘﺻﺎﺋﺩ‪.28‬‬

‫ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺯﺍﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺭﺍءﺗﻬﺎ ﻭﺳﻣﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﻌﻠﱡﻣﻬﺎ‬

‫‪ - 26‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ‪ :‬ﺃﺑﻮ‪.‬‬


‫‪ - 27‬ﻗﺼﻴﺪﺓ ﺗﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﻆ ﻋﻘﺎﺋﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺳﻲ ﻟﻨﺎﻅﻢ ﻣﻐﺮﺑﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺬﻛﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻅ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺭﻗﻢ "‪ ،"13312‬ﺿﻤﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻗﺔ ‪ 1‬ﺃ‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 28‬ﺍﻧﻈﺮ؛ ﻣﺜﻼ؛ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻴﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻧﻈﻤﻬﺎ َﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻁﺎﻫﺮ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻋﻨﺪ ﺧﺘﻢ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺣﻔﺺ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺳﻲ‪" ،‬ﺻﻐﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺳﻲ"‪ ،‬ﺃﻭﺍﺋﻞ ﺭﻣﻀﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﻡ‬
‫‪ 1168‬ﻫـ ‪ 1754 /‬ﻡ )ﺩﻳﻮﺍﻥ َﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻁﺎﻫﺮ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺟﻤﻊ ﻭﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺃﺣﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻗﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﻄﺒﻌﺔ ﺁﻧﻔﻮ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺱ‪ ،2004 ،‬ﺹ‪.(191 – 190 .‬‬

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‫ﻣﻥ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺗﻘﺎﺭﻳﻅ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﻘﻭﻟﺔ ﺃﻋﻼﻩ‪ ،‬ﻧﻘﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺳﺭ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻣﻥ ﺃﺟﻠﻪ ﻛﺎﻧﺕ‬
‫ﺗﻌﻁﻰ ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺯﺍﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ "ﺍﻟﺻﻐﺭﻯ" ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺭﻭﺣﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﻠﱡ ًﻣﺎ ﻭﻗﺭﺍءﺓ ً‪ ،29‬ﻭﺃﻥ ﺗﺭﻭﻯ‬
‫ﻣﺅﻟّﻔﻬﺎ‪.30‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻷﺳﺎﻧﻳﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺻﻠﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ِ‬
‫ﻭﻳﺫﻛﺭ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺯﻳﺯ ﺍﻟﻔﺷﺗﺎﻟﻲ )ﺕ‪ 1031 .‬ﻫـ ‪ 1621 /‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺃﻧﻪ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻋﻘﺎﺋﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺳﻧﻭﺳﻲ؛ ﺑﻣﺎ ﻓﻳﻬﺎ "ﺍﻟﺻﻐﺭﻯ"؛ ﻋﻥ ﺷﻳﺧﻪ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺑﺎﺱ ﺃﺣﻣﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﺟﻭﺭ )ﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪ 995‬ﻫـ ‪ 1587 /‬ﻡ(‪ .31‬ﻛﻣﺎ ﻳﺫﻛﺭ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻷﺧﻳﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﺟﺎﺯﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ "ﺣﺎﺷﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺻﻐﺭﻯ"‪.32‬‬
‫ﻭﻳﺭﻭﻱ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺑﻥ ﻗﺎﺳﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭﻱ )ﺕ‪ 1331 .‬ﻫـ ‪ 1912 /‬ﻡ( "ﺻﻐﺭﻯ‬
‫ﻣﺅﻟّﻔﻬﺎ‪.33‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺳﻧﻭﺳﻲ" ﺑ َ‬
‫ﺳ َﻧ َﺩﻳ ِْﻥ ﻣﺗﺻﻠ ْﻳﻥ ﺇﻟﻰ ِ‬
‫ﻭﻳﻔﻳﺩﻧﺎ ﺍﺑﻥ ﻋﺳﻛﺭ ﺍﻟﺷﻔﺷﺎﻭﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﻥ ﺃﺑﺎ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺷﻘﺭﻭﻥ ﺑﻥ ﻫﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ‬
‫)ﺕ‪ 983 .‬ﻫـ ‪ 1575 /‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺃﺟﺎﺯﻩ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ 972‬ﻫـ )= ‪ 1564‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﻋﻘﺎﺋﺩ ﺍﻟﺷﻳﺦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺳﻧﻭﺳﻲ ﻭﺷﺭﻭﺣﻬﺎ‪ – 34‬ﺑﻣﺎ ﻓﻳﻬﺎ "ﺍﻟﺻﻐﺭﻯ" ‪ .-‬ﻛﻣﺎ ﻳﻔﻳﺩﻧﺎ ﺃﺑﻭ ﺳﺎﻟﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻳﺎﺷﻲ‬
‫)ﺕ‪ 1090 .‬ﻫـ ‪ 1679 /‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺃﻧﻪ ﻗﺭﺃﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺳﻲ )ﺕ‪ 1091 .‬ﻫـ ‪/‬‬
‫‪ 1680‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻷﺧﻳﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﺟﺎﺯﻩ ﺗﺂﻟﻳﻑ ﺍﻟﺳﻧﻭﺳﻲ‪.35‬‬
‫ﻭﻳﺫﻛﺭ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺑﻥ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﺭﺣﻣﻥ ﺍﺑﻥ ﺟﻼﻝ )ﺕ‪ 981 .‬ﻫـ ‪ 1573 /‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺃﻧﻪ‬
‫ﺃﺧﺫ "ﺍﻟﺻﻐﺭﻯ" ﻋﻥ ﺃﺑﻲ ﻋﺛﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻛﻔﻳﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﺳﻧﻭﺳﻲ‪ ،36‬ﻭﻳﺭﻭﻳﻬﺎ ﺃﺑﻭ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺑﻥ ﻗﺎﺳﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﺻﺎﺭ )ﺕ‪ 1012 .‬ﻫـ‪ 1603 /‬ﻡ( ﺑﺳﻧﺩﻩ – ﺇﺟﺎﺯﺓ ً – ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺳﻧﻭﺳﻲ‪.37‬‬
‫ﺑﻝ ﻣﻧﻬﻡ ﻣﻥ ﺣﺎﻓﻅ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺳﻧﺩ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻋﺻﺭﻧﺎ ﻫﺫﺍ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻟﻔﻘﻳﻪ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺣﺟﻭﺟﻲ )ﺕ‪ 1370 .‬ﻫـ ‪ 1950 /‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺇﺫ ﺃﻓﺎﺩﻧﺎ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﺭﻭﻱ ﻣﺅﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺳﻧﻭﺳﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﺑﻣﺎ ﻓﻳﻬﺎ "ﺍﻟﺻﻐﺭﻯ"‪" ،‬ﺇﺟﺎﺯﺓ ﻋﻥ ﺳﻳﺩﻱ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺷﻣﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﻋﻥ ﺳﻳﺩﻱ ﻓﺎﻟﺢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﻋﻥ ﺃﺑﻲ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺑﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﺑﻥ ﺍﻟﺳﻧﻭﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟ ُﻣ ْﺳ ِﻧﺩ ﺍﻟ ُﻣ َﻌ ﱠﻣﺭ ﺃﺑﻲ‬
‫ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺑﻥ ﻋﺎﻣﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺩﺍﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﺳﺎﻟﻣﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻋﻥ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺣﻔﺹ ﻋﻣﺭ ﺑﻥ ﻋﺑﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻋﻥ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﺣﺳﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟ ُﺣ َﺭ ْﻳ ِﺷﻲ‪ ،‬ﻋﻥ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺳﻳﺩﻱ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭ‬

‫‪- 29‬ﺗﻄﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻷﺷﻌﺮﻱ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﻟﻴﻮﺳﻒ ﺍﺣﻨﺎﻧﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻭﻗﺎﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺆﻭﻥ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ – ﺩﺍﺭ ﺃﺑﻲ‬
‫ﺭﻗﺮﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺮﺑﺎﻁ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪ ،2007 ،2 .‬ﺹ‪.254 ،216 ،211 .‬‬
‫‪ - 30‬ﻣﻨﺎﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺂﺛﺮ ﻣﻮﺍﻟﻴﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻓﺎ ﻷﺑﻲ ﻓﺎﺭﺱ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ ﺍﻟﻔﺸﺘﺎﻟﻲ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ ﻛﺮﻳّﻢ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺭﺧﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺎﺭﺑﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺮﺑﺎﻁ‬
‫– ﻣﻄﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺎء‪ ،‬ﻁ‪ ،2005 / 1426 ،2 .‬ﺹ‪.266 .‬‬
‫‪ - 31‬ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺭ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.266 .‬‬
‫‪ - 32‬ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺭ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.266 .‬‬
‫ﺗﺤﺎﻑ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﻳﺔ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻟﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﻧﻴﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﻳﺔ" ﻟﻤﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻗﺎﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ‬ ‫‪ - 33‬ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻗﺎﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﺎﺓ "ﺇ‬
‫ﻋﺰﻭﺯ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺙ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺎء ‪ -‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺣﺰﻡ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺮﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪ ،2004 / 1424 ،1 .‬ﺹ‪.38 – 37 .‬‬
‫‪ - 34‬ﺩﻭﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺷﺮ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.117 .‬‬
‫‪ - 35‬ﺍﻗﺘﻔﺎء ﺍﻷﺛﺮ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺫﻫﺎﺏ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻷﺛﺮ )ﻓﻬﺮﺱ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺎﺷﻲ(‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻧﻔﻴﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻵﺩﺍﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺑﺎﻁ‪ ،‬ﺳﻠﺴﻠﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﻭﺃﻁﺮﻭﺣﺎﺕ ﺭﻗﻢ "‪ – "33‬ﻣﻄﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺎء‪ ،‬ﻁ‪ ،1996 ،1 .‬ﺹ‪.198 .‬‬
‫‪ - 36‬ﻣﺮﺁﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﺳﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﺳﻦ ﻷﺑﻲ ﺣﺎﻣﺪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻲ ﺑﻦ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﻱ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺣﻤﺰﺓ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺙ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺎء – ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺣﺰﻡ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺮﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪ ،2008 / 1429 ،2 .‬ﺹ‪.109 – 108 .‬‬
‫‪ - 37‬ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺭ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.354 – 353 .‬‬

‫‪6‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺯﻳﺩ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻋﻥ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﺫﺧﺎﺋﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﺻﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻋﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺷﻳﺦ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺍﺑﻥ ﺟﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺗﻠﻣﺳﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﻋﻥ ﺍﺑﻥ ﻣﺭﺯﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻛﻔﻳﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﻧﻪ‪.39"38‬‬
‫ﻭﻟﻡ ﺗﺗﻭﻗﻑ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺍءﺍﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ "ﺍﻟﺻﻐﺭﻯ"‪ ،‬ﺑﻝ ﻧﺎﻟﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺅﻟﻔﺎﺕُ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺕ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻓﻠﻛﻬﺎ )ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻭﺡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺣﻭﺍﺷﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻌﻠﻳﻘﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺇﻟﺦ( ﺣﻅﺎ ﻣﻧﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻧﻣﺛﻝ ﻟﺫﻟﻙ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ‬
‫"‪ "10131‬ﻣﻦ "ﺷﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺳﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﻐﺮﺍﻩ"‪ ،40‬ﺇﺫ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻗﺔ‬
‫ﺴﻦ ﺑﻦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ‪ 41‬ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻧﺼﻪ‪" :‬ﻗﺮﺃﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ ﻭﻟﺪ ﺍﺳﻤﻪ ْﻟ ْﺤ َ‬
‫ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﺑﻦ ﻧﻮﺡ‪ ،‬ﺃﻧﺒﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎ ﺣﺴﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻤﻠﺔ‪ 42‬ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺠﻌﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺗﺮﻳﻜﺔ‪ 43‬ﺍﻟﺤﻼﻝ‪ .‬ﻗﺮﺃﻩ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺭﻣﻀﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻈﻢ‪ ،‬ﺑﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻋﺎﻡ‬
‫‪ 1318‬ﻫـ"‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻭﺡ ﻭﺍﻟﺣﻭﺍﺷﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻌﻠﻳﻘﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﻧﻅﺎﻡ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺇﺗﺣﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻣﺭﻳﺩﻳﻥ ﺑﻌﻘﻳﺩﺓ ﺃﻡ ﺍﻟﺑﺭﺍﻫﻳﻥ‪ ،‬ﻷﺣﻣﺩ ﺑﻥ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺑﻥ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺑﻛﺭ‬


‫ﺍﻟﻐﺩﺍﻣﺳﻲ )ﻛﺎﻥ ﺣﻳﺎ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1094‬ﻫـ ‪ 1682 /‬ﻡ(‪ :44‬ﺍﻧﺘﻬﻰ ﺍﻟﻐﺪﺍﻣﺴﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺄﻟﻴﻒ‬
‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻓﻲ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺨﻤﻴﺲ ‪ 12‬ﺭﺑﻴﻊ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1094‬ﻫـ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺻﺮﺡ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺇﺗﺣﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﻯ ﺑﺗﻛﻣﻳﻝ ﺷﺭﺡ ﺍﻟﺻﻐﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻟﺷﻬﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺩﻳﻥ ﺃﺑﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺑﺎﺱ ﺃﺣﻣﺩ ﺑﻥ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﻘﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﺗﻠﻣﺳﺎﻧﻲ )ﺕ‪ 1041 .‬ﻫـ ‪ 1632 /‬ﻡ(‪ :45‬ﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﻧﺘﻔﺎ ﻗﻴﺪﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻟﻒ ﻋﻠﻰ "ﺷﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺳﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﻐﺮﺍﻩ"‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﻧﻘﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻂ ﺷﻴﻮﺧﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻭﺿﻌﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﺎﻟﻬﺎ ﺗﺘﻤﻴﻤﺎ ﻟﻠﻐﺮﺽ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺪ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻟﻢ‬
‫ﻳﻨﻘﺤﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻢ ﻳﺤﺬﻑ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺮﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻢ ﻳﺮﺗﺐ ﻣﺎ ﻏﻠﻂ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﺑﻌﻀﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺭﺡ‪ .‬ﻭﺑﺬﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﻤ ِ ّﻬﺪﺍ ﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﻪ ﺍﻵﺗﻲ ﻭﺷﻴﻜﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺳﻮﻡ‬
‫ﺑــ "ﺇﻓﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺮﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺮﻯ ﺑﺘﻜﻤﻴﻞ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺮﻯ"‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺤﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺮﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺮﻯ" ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻟﻒ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻧﺘﻬﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻐﺮﻕ ﺗﺄﻟﻴﻒ "ﺇ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻪ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺎء ‪ 26‬ﻣﺤﺮﻡ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1021‬ﻫـ‪ ،‬ﺑﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻓﺎﺱ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺇﺿﺎءﺓ ﺍﻟ ﱡﺩ ُﺟﻧﱠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻘﺎﺋﺩ ﺃﻫﻝ ﺍﻟﺳﻧﺔ‪ ،‬ﻷﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺑﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻣﻘﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﻣﺫﻛﻭﺭ‪ :‬ﻭﻫﻲ‬
‫ﻋﺑﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻥ َﻧ ْﻅ ٍﻡ ﻟـ ِ "ﺍﻟﺻﻐﺭﻯ"‪.‬‬

‫‪ - 38‬ﺃﻱ‪ :‬ﻋﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺳﻲ‪.‬‬


‫‪ - 39‬ﻛﻨﺰ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﺍﻗﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﻧﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻷﺑﻲ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﺤﺠﻮﺟﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭ ﻣﻊ "ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺢ ﺍﻟﻮﻫﺒﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰﺗﻠﺨﻴﺺ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ"‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺆﻟﻒ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺻﺤﺤﻬﺎ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﺤﺠﻮﺟﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻹﻟﻪ ﺑﻮﺷﺎﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺮﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪ ،2009 ،1 .‬ﺹ‪.366 .‬‬
‫‪ - 40‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻅﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 41‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ‪ :‬ﺑﺮﻫﻴﻢ‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 42‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ‪ :‬ﺣﻤﺎﻟﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 43‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ‪ :‬ﺗﻔﺮﻳﻜﺔ )ﻭ"ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻳﻜﺔ" ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﻌﻨﻲ "ﺍﻟﺬﺭﻳﺔ"(‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 44‬ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺦ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ 1) 5023 ،4509 ،3223 :‬ﺏ – ‪ 74‬ﺃ(‪.5143 ،‬‬
‫‪ - 45‬ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺦ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ 1) 3544 :‬ﺃ – ‪ 76‬ﺃ(‪.12625 ،5928 ،‬‬

‫‪7‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺇﻋﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺎﺟﺩﻳﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺻﺣﻳﺢ ﺍﻟﺩﻳﻥ ﺑﺄﻡ ﺍﻟﺑﺭﺍﻫﻳﻥ‪ ،‬ﻷﺣﻣﺩ ﻋﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺷﺎﺫﻟﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻄﻮﻻ ﻋﻠﻰ "ﺃﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﺍﻫﻴﻦ"‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ ﺭﺃﻯ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻣﺎﻟﻛﻲ‪ :46‬ﺇﺫ ﺃﻟﻒ ﺷﺮﺣﺎ‬
‫"ﻛﺜﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻗﻴﻖ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻜﺎﻥ ﻏﺰﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺋﺪﺓ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﺧﻔﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺪ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﻳﺮﺗﻮﻱ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ"‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ ﺃﻋﻘﺒﻪ ﺑﺸﺮﺡ‬
‫ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺮ‪ ،‬ﻫﻮ "ﺇﻋﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺟﺪﻳﻦ"‪ ،‬ﻧﺰﻭﻻ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻁﻠﺐ "ﺟﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﺭﻏﺒﻮﺍ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻫﺘﻤﻮﺍ‬
‫ﺑﻔﻬﻢ ﻣﻌﺎﻧﻴﻬﺎ"‪.47‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺇﻓﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﻯ ﺑﺗﻛﻣﻳﻝ ﺷﺭﺡ ﺍﻟﺻﻐﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻟﻠﻣﻘﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﻣﺫﻛﻭﺭ‪ :48‬ﻭﻫﻮ‬
‫ﺗﺤﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺮﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺮﻯ ﺑﺘﻜﻤﻴﻞ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺮﻯ"‪،‬‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺳﻮﻡ ﺑــ "ﺇ‬
‫ﺣﻴﺚ ﻻ ﺧﻼﻑ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻧﻴﻦ ﺇﻻ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺤﺎﻑ"‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻨﱠﺖ ﻟﻪ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻛﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻓﺎﺗﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ "ﺍﻹ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﻟﻒ "ﺍﻹﻓﺎﺩﺓ" ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ َ‬
‫ﻱ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻻ ﺫﻛﺮ ﻟﻪ ﻓﻲ "ﺍﻟﻜﺸﺎﻑ"‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ُ‬
‫ﻁ ِﻮ َ‬
‫ﺗﺤﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺮﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺮﻯ"‪.49‬‬ ‫"ﺇ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﻌﻠﻳﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻳﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺻﻐﺭﻯ ﻟﻠﺳﻧﻭﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻟﻌﻠﻲ ﺑﻥ ﺳﻌﺩ‪.50‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﻘﻳﻳﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﻐﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﺳﻧﻭﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻷﺑﻲ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺑﻥ ﻣﻧﺻﻭﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﺍﻭﻱ‪.51‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺎﺷﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻳﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺻﻐﺭﻯ ﻟﻠﺳﻧﻭﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻹﺑﺭﺍﻫﻳﻡ ﺑﻥ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺑﻥ ﺃﺣﻣﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺑﺎﺟﻭﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﺷﺎﻓﻌﻲ )ﺕ‪ 1277 .‬ﻫـ ‪ 1860 /‬ﻡ(‪.52‬‬
‫ﺍﻧﺘﻬﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺄﻟﻴﻔﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻤﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﺳﻨﺔ ‪ 1227‬ﻫـ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺎﺷﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻳﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺻﻐﺭﻯ ﻟﻠﺳﻧﻭﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻟﻣﺅﻟﻑ ﻏﻳﺭ ﻣﺫﻛﻭﺭ‪.53‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺎﺷﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻳﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺻﻐﺭﻯ ﻟﻠﺳﻧﻭﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻟﻣﺅﻟﻑ ﻏﻳﺭ ﻣﺫﻛﻭﺭ‪.54‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺎﺷﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻳﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺻﻐﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻟﻣﺅﻟﻑ ﻏﻳﺭ ﻣﺫﻛﻭﺭ‪.55‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺷﺭﺡ ﺃﻡ ﺍﻟﺑﺭﺍﻫﻳﻥ‪ ،‬ﻟﻠﻤﻼﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻛﻮﺭ‪ :‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻁﺒﻌﺔ ﺃﻭﻟﻰ ﺳﻨﺔ‬
‫‪ 2003‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ ﻁﺒﻌﺔ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺳﻨﺔ ‪ 2009‬ﻡ‪.56‬‬
‫ﻭﺗﻜﻤﻦ ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺼﺎﻧﻴﻒ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﻣﺮﻳﺪﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﻟﻲ‪ .‬ﻫﺬﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﺧﻴﺮ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺸﺮ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ‬

‫‪ - 46‬ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺭﻗﻢ "‪ 16) "7508‬ﺏ – ‪ 38‬ﺃ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 47‬ﺇﻋﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺟﺪﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻗﺘﺎﻥ ‪ 16‬ﺏ – ‪ 17‬ﺃ‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 48‬ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺭﻗﻢ "‪ 77) "3544‬ﺏ – ‪ 97‬ﺃ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 49‬ﻛﺸﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ ﻟﻌﻤﺮ ﻋﻤﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭﺍﺕ "ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ"‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺮﺑﺎﻁ – ﺍﻟﻤﻄﺒﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺭﺍﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻁﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺶ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪،1 .‬‬
‫‪ ،2007 / 1428‬ﺹ‪.13 .‬‬
‫‪ - 50‬ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻅﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﺠﻠﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺭﻗﻢ "‪ 1) "6654‬ﺏ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪ 21‬ﺃ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 51‬ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﺠﻠﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺭﻗﻢ "‪."6052‬‬
‫‪ - 52‬ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﺑﺮﻗﻢ "‪."6198‬‬
‫‪ - 53‬ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺭﻗﻢ "‪ 51) "10382‬ﺏ – ‪ 59‬ﺏ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 54‬ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﺮﻗﻢ "‪ 1) "10851‬ﺏ – ‪ 30‬ﺏ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 55‬ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ ﺑﺮﻗﻢ "‪) "13948‬ﺹ‪.(450 - 436 .‬‬
‫‪ - 56‬ﺷﺮﺡ ﺃﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﺍﻫﻴﻦ ﻟﻠﻤﻼﻟﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭﺓ ﻣﻊ "ﺃﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﺍﻫﻴﻦ" ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺧﺎﻟﺪ ﺯﻫﺮﻱ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺮﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪ .2003 ،1 .‬ﻭﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻁ‪،2 .‬‬
‫‪.2009‬‬

‫‪8‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺃﻟﻔﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺐ ﺷﻴﺨﻪ "ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻭﺳﻴﺔ"‪ ،‬ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺠﻌﻠﻨﺎ ﻧﺮﺟﺢ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺃﻟﻔﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻛﻮﺭ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻧﻼﺣﻆ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺍﺗﺒﻊ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻁﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺷﻴﺨﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺷﺮﺣﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ "ﺃﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﺍﻫﻴﻦ"‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻟﻢ ﻳﺸﺮ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺷﺭﺡ "ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻳﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺻﻐﺭﻯ ﻟﻠﺳﻧﻭﺳﻲ"‪ ،‬ﻷﺑﻲ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﺎﻣﻭﻥ ﺑﻥ‬
‫ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺍﻟﺣﻔﺻﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﺭﺍﻛﺷﻲ ﺍﻟﺗﻭﻧﺳﻲ )ﺕ‪ 1037.‬ﻫـ ‪ 1628 /‬ﻡ(‪ :57‬ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻣﻮﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺼﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺧﻄﺒﺔ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ‪ ،‬ﺃﻧﻪ ﺃﻟﻔﻪ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺘﺪﺋﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﻟﻠﻔﺤﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺎﺭﺳﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻰ‬
‫ﺃﻧﻪ ﺍﺑﺘﻐﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺇﻣﻼﺋﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﺘﻔﻲ ﺑﺸﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻣﺾ ﻣﻦ "ﺃﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﺍﻫﻴﻦ"‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻔﻞ‪،‬‬
‫ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺽ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻁﻮﻳﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻞ‪ ،‬ﻻﺳﻴﱠﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﻼﻓﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺑــ "ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮ"‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﺬﺍ ﺭﻣﺰ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻓﻲ‬
‫"ﺣﻮﺍﺷﻴﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺳﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﻐﺮﺍﻩ" ﺑــ "ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ"‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺘﺎﺡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺧﻄﺒﺔ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺷﺭﺡ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻳﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺻﻐﺭﻯ ﻟﻠﺳﻧﻭﺳﻲ )ﺍﻟﺷﺭﺡ ﺍﻟﺻﻐﻳﺭ(‪ ،‬ﻟﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺑﻥ ﺃﺑﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺳﻡ ﺑﻥ ﻧﺎﺻﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﺟﻳﺟﻲ ﺍﻟﺗﻭﺯﺭﻱ؟ ﺍﻟﺳﻌﻳﺩﻱ‪ :58‬ﺃﻟﻔﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻼﺩ ﻓﺠﻴﺞ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1048‬ﻫـ‬
‫‪ 1698 /‬ﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺷﺮﺡ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﺟﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﻣﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ﺃ ‪ -‬ﻁﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺘﻪ ﻟﻠﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻣﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺟﻤﻊ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ‪.‬‬
‫ﺏ ‪ -‬ﺍﻫﺘﻢ ﺑﻨﺴﺨﻪ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻛﺒﺎﺭ ﺃﻋﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺮﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﺢ ﺑﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻘﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﻄﻲ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻟﻖ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻲ )ﺕ‪ 1139 .‬ﻫـ ‪/‬‬
‫‪ 1726‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻟﺮﻗﻢ "‪ "9510‬ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺭ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﺣﺎﻻﺕ ﺃﺳﻔﻠﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺝ – ﺷﻬﺪ ﻟﻪ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻛﺒﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻤﺎء ﻭﺻﻮﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺮﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺳﺦ ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻛﻮﺭ‪،‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻹﻓﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺪﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ‪" :‬ﺍﻧﺘﻬﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﺪﻳﺪ"‪ .‬ﻭﻻ ﻳﺨﻔﻰ ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺎﺩﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﺳﺎﻁﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﺸﻒ ﻋﻦ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﻭﺃﻫﻤﻴﺘﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺷﺭﺡ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻳﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺻﻐﺭﻯ ﻟﻠﺳﻧﻭﺳﻲ )ﺍﻟﺷﺭﺡ ﺍﻟﻛﺑﻳﺭ(‪ ،‬ﻟﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺑﻥ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺳﻡ‬
‫ﺑﻥ ﻧﺎﺻﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﺟﻳﺟﻲ ﺍﻟﺗﻭﺯﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﺳﻌﻳﺩﻱ‪.59‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺷﺭﺡ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻳﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺻﻐﺭﻯ ﻟﻠﺳﻧﻭﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻷﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺑﺎﺱ ﺃﺣﻣﺩ ﺑﻥ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺑﻥ‬
‫ﻳﻌﻘﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﺳﻣﻼﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﺟﺯﻭﻟﻲ )ﺕ‪ 1093 .‬ﻫـ ‪ 1682 /‬ﻡ(‪ :60‬ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻼﻟﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ‬

‫‪ - 57‬ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺦ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ 112) 666 :‬ﺃ – ‪ 115‬ﺃ(‪ 168) 1233 ،‬ﺏ – ‪ 189‬ﺏ(‪،3166 ،2975 ،2800 ،‬‬
‫‪ 1) 3179‬ﺃ – ‪ 19‬ﺃ(‪ 10) 5385 ،5350 ،4910 ،‬ﺃ – ‪ 28‬ﺃ(‪ 1) 5649 ،‬ﺏ – ‪ 8‬ﺏ(‪ 40) 6338 ،5720 ،‬ﺏ – ‪ 63‬ﺏ(‪ 13) 7502 ،6808 ،‬ﺏ‬
‫– ‪ 33‬ﺃ(‪ 45) 8988 ،8715 ،7560 ،‬ﺏ – ‪ 56‬ﺏ(‪ 1) 9486 ،‬ﺃ – ‪ 5‬ﺃ(‪ 206) 11954 ،‬ﺏ – ‪ 236‬ﺃ(‪ 85) 12116 ،‬ﺏ – ‪ 116‬ﺃ(‪12180 ،‬‬
‫)‪ 166‬ﺃ – ‪ 195‬ﺃ(‪ 123) 13292 ،‬ﺏ – ‪ 130‬ﺏ(‪ 1) 13333 ،‬ﺏ – ‪ 27‬ﺃ(‪ 120) 13387 ،‬ﺏ – ‪ 152‬ﺏ(‪ 88) 13396 ،‬ﺏ – ‪ 111‬ﺃ(‪13447 ،‬‬
‫)‪ 7‬ﺏ – ‪ 28‬ﺃ(‪ 200) 13520 ،‬ﺏ – ‪ 228‬ﺏ(‪ 73) 13601 ،‬ﺏ – ‪ 97‬ﺏ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 58‬ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺦ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ 1) 4387 :‬ﺏ – ‪ 45‬ﺏ(‪ 28) 5385 ،‬ﺏ – ‪ 73‬ﺃ(‪ 28) 5945 ،‬ﺏ – ‪ 55‬ﺏ(‪،6314 ،‬‬
‫‪ 1) 7199 ،7141‬ﺏ – ‪ 47‬ﺏ(‪ 20) 9510 ،‬ﺏ – ‪ 31‬ﺏ(‪ 1) 9631 ،‬ﺃ – ‪ 26‬ﺃ(‪ 44) 11382 ،10099 ،‬ﺏ – ‪ 99‬ﺏ(‪ 228) 12183 ،‬ﺏ –‬
‫‪ 270‬ﺃ(‪ 23) 13292 ،12590 ،‬ﺏ – ‪ 63‬ﺏ(‪ 3) 13546 ،‬ﺃ – ‪ 49‬ﺃ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 59‬ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺦ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ 2) 4921 :‬ﺏ – ‪ 76‬ﺃ(‪) 14014 ،6797 ،‬ﺹ‪.(360 – 143 .‬‬
‫‪ - 60‬ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ ﺑﺮﻗﻢ "‪."7286‬‬

‫‪9‬‬
‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻞ ﺃﻟﻔﺎﻅ "ﺻﻐﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺳﻲ"‪ ،‬ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺠﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻮ ﱠﺟﻬﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺘﺪﺋﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺷﺭﺡ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻳﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺻﻐﺭﻯ ﻟﻠﺳﻧﻭﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻷﺑﻲ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﺣﺳﻥ ﺑﻥ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺍﻟﻬﺩﺍﺟﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺩﺍﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﻋﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺷﻬﻳﺭ ﺑــ "ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﻭﻱ" )ﺕ‪ 1006 .‬ﻫـ ‪ 1598 /‬ﻡ(‪ :61‬ﺃﻟﻒ ﻫﺬﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺃﺷﻴﺎﺧﻪ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻗﺮﺃ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ "ﺃﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﺍﻫﻴﻦ"‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺷﺮﺡ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺮ‪ ،‬ﺃﻟﻔﻪ‬
‫ﻟﻐﺮﺽ ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺷﺮﺡ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ‪ِ ،‬ﻟﻤﺎ ﺍﺣﺘﻮﻯ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ – ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭﻱ – "ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ‪ ،‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺪﻗﻴﻖ"‪.62‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺷﺭﺡ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻳﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺻﻐﺭﻯ ﻟﻠﺳﻧﻭﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻟﻌﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻥ ﺃﺣﻣﺩ ﺑﻥ ﺧﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺷﺩﻱ‪.63‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺷﺭﺡ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻳﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺻﻐﺭﻯ ﻟﻠﺳﻧﻭﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻟﻣﺅﻟﻑ ﻏﻳﺭ ﻣﺫﻛﻭﺭ‪ :64‬ﻳﺒﺪﻭ ﺃﻥ ﻣﺆﻟﻒ‬
‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺳﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ ﺑﻌﺪﻡ ﺟﻮﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺻﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ‪،‬‬
‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺒﺔ‪" :‬ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺘﺪﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﻭﺝ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪ"‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺯﻛﺮﻱ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺑﺠﻮﺍﺯ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺭﺡ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺐ ﻫﺎﺫﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺨﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺋﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻏﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻟﺑﻳﻥ ﻟﻣﺎ ﺗﺿﻣﻧﺗﻪ ﺃﻡ ﺍﻟﺑﺭﺍﻫﻳﻥ‪ ،‬ﻟﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺑﻥ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺭﻱ‬
‫)ﻛﺎﻥ ﺣﻳﺎ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1066‬ﻫـ ‪ 1655 /‬ﻡ(‪ :65‬ﺍﻧﺗﻬﻰ ﺍﻟﻣﺅﻟﻑ ﻣﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﺡ ﻗﺑﻝ ﺯﻭﺍﻝ‬
‫ﻳﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﺧﻣﻳﺱ ‪ 25‬ﺟﻣﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﻵﺧﺭ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ 1066‬ﻫـ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﺗﺢ ﺍﻟﺭﺣﻣﺎﻥ ﻷﻗﻔﺎﻝ ﺃﻡ ﺍﻟﺑﺭﻫﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻷﺑﻲ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺑﻥ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﺳﻼﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺑﻳﺟﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﻧﺎﺳﻲ )ﻛﺎﻥ ﺣﻳﺎ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1149‬ﻫـ ‪ 1736 /‬ﻡ(‪ :66‬ﻳﻔﻴﺪﻧﺎ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺯﻳﺪﺍﻥ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ ﻳﻌﺮﻑ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺑـــ "ﺷﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻗﺺ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﺮﺏ"‪ ،‬ﻭﻭﺻﻔﻪ ﺑﺄﻧﻪ "ﻣﺠﻠﺪ‬
‫ﺿﺨﻢ‪ ،‬ﺃﺑﺪﺃ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﺃﻋﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺣﺮﺭ ﻭﻫﺬﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﻧﻘﺢ ﻭﺃﺟﺎﺩ ‪.67"...‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻳﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻐﺭﺍء ﻓﻲ ﻧﻅﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻳﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺻﻐﺭﺍء‪ ،‬ﻷﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺑﺎﺱ ﺃﺣﻣﺩ ﺑﻥ ﺍﻟﺣﺎﺝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻭﺭﻳﺑﺩﻱ )ﺍﻟﻭﺭﻳﻧﺩﻱ(‪ :68‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻋﺑﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻥ ﻧﻅﻡ ﻟﻠﻌﻘﻳﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺻﻐﺭﻯ‪ .‬ﻋﺩﺩ ﺃﺑﻳﺎﺗﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪ 143‬ﺑﻳﺗﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻟﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻬﺪﻯ ﺷﺮﻓﻨﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺪ ﻟﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻋﺮﻓﻨﺎ‬

‫‪ - 61‬ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺦ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ 1) 8988 ،6071 :‬ﺏ – ‪ 45‬ﺃ(‪ 1) 8989 ،‬ﺏ – ‪ 64‬ﺃ(‪ 1) 12206 ،‬ﺏ – ‪ 84‬ﺏ(‪،‬‬
‫‪ 1) 13390‬ﺏ – ‪ 75‬ﺃ(‪ 20) 13426 ،‬ﺏ – ‪ 165‬ﺃ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 62‬ﻧﺸﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3 .‬ﺹ‪.1091 .‬‬
‫‪ - 63‬ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺦ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ 1) 4927 :‬ﺏ – ‪ 18‬ﺏ(‪ 1) 9588 ،7176 ،‬ﺃ – ‪ 9‬ﺏ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 64‬ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ ﺑﺮﻗﻢ "‪."6706‬‬
‫‪ - 65‬ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ ﺑﺮﻗﻢ "‪."9964‬‬
‫‪ - 66‬ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﺮﻗﻢ "‪."13937‬‬
‫ﺗﺤﺎﻑ ﺃﻋﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺑﺠﻤﺎﻝ ﺃﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﺣﺎﺿﺮﺓ ﻣﻜﻨﺎﺱ ﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺑﻦ ﺯﻳﺪﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻤﻄﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻁﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺮﺑﺎﻁ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪ ،1932 / 1350 ،1 .‬ﺝ‪ ،4 .‬ﺹ‪132 .‬‬ ‫‪ - 67‬ﺇ‬
‫– ‪.135‬‬
‫‪ - 68‬ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺭﻗﻢ "‪ 16) "13330‬ﺏ – ‪ 19‬ﺏ(‪.‬‬

‫‪10‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻗﺻﻳﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻡ ﺍﻟﺗﻭﺣﻳﺩ‪ ،‬ﻟﻌﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﺳﻼﻡ ﺑﻥ ﻧﺎﺻﺭ‪ :69‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ َﻧﻌُﺪﱠﻫﺎ َﻧ ْﻈﻤﺎ ً‬
‫ﻟﺼﻐﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺁﺛﺎﺭﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﺇﻧﻪ ﻟ ﱠﻤﺢ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺣﻴﻦ ﺣﺚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﺑــ "ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺮﻯ" ﺣﻔﻈﺎ ﻭﻓﻬﻤﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﺪﺩ ﺃﺑﻴﺎﺗﻬﺎ ‪ 46‬ﺑﻴﺘﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺫﻛﺮ ﻧﺎﻅﻤﻬﺎ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺟﻤﻌﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺘﺪﺉ‪ ،‬ﻟﻴﺮﻗﻰ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺭﺗﺒﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴ‪Ž‬ﺚ ﺭﺃﻯ ﺍﻧﺤﻄ‪Ž‬ﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﻬﻤ‪Ž‬ﻢ ﻟ‪Ž‬ﺪﻯ ﺃﻫ‪Ž‬ﻞ ﺯﻣﺎﻧ‪Ž‬ﻪ ﻋ‪Ž‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠ‪Ž‬ﻲ ﺑﺤﻠﻴ‪Ž‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠ‪Ž‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﻨ‪Ž‬ﺎﻓﻊ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺃﺳﻪ "ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪ"‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻟﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻧﺠﻞ ﻧﺎﺻﺮ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻼ ْﻡ ﻭﻗﺪﺭ ﺭﺟﺎ ﺣﻠﻮﻟﻪ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻼ ْﻡ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﻔﻭﺍﺋﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﻐﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺋﺩ‪ ،‬ﻷﺑﻲ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﺎﻣﻭﻥ ﺑﻥ‬
‫‪70‬‬
‫ﻳﻌﺮﻑ ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺍﻟﺣﻔﺻﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﺭﺍﻛﺷﻲ ﺍﻟﺗﻭﻧﺳﻲ )ﺕ‪ 1037.‬ﻫـ ‪ 1628 /‬ﻡ( ‪َ :‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ ﺑــ "ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ" ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻭﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ ﺭﻗﻢ "‪"10061‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺭ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﺣﺎﻻﺕ ﺃﺳﻔﻠﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﺧﺗﺻﺭ ﻣﻥ "ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻳﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺻﻐﺭﻯ"‪ ،‬ﻟﻣﺅﻟﻑ ﻣﻐﺭﺑﻲ ﻏﻳﺭ ﻣﺫﻛﻭﺭ‪ :71‬ﻭﻟﻧﺎ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﺗﺻﺭ ﻣﻼﺣﻅﺗﺎﻥ‪:‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻟﻬﻣﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻟﻒ ﺳﻤﻰ "ﺃﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﺍﻫﻴﻦ" ﺑــ "ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮﺓ"‪ .‬ﻓﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻗﺪ‬
‫ﺃﺿﺎﻑ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺍﺳﻤﺎ ﺁﺧﺮ‪ .‬ﻭﻻ ﺷﻚ ﺃﻥ ﻛﺜﺮﺓ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻔﻴﺔ ﺗﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺪﻯ ﺍﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺑﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻻﻋﺘﻨﺎء ﺑﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﻌﻠﻤﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻐﺮﺏ ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻰ‬
‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻬﻤﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﻧﻪ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺠﺘﻬﺪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭ "ﺻﻐﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺳﻲ" ﻭﺣﺴﺐ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﺍﺟﺘﻬﺪ‬
‫ﺼﺮ‬‫ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺒﻮﻳﺒﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺠﻌﻞ ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻟﻬﺎ ﺃﻳﺴﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺒﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺑﺨﻼﻑ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘ َ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺧﻼ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺒﻮﻳﺐ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺩ ﺟﺭﺩ ﺃﺣ ُﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻣﺎء "ﺃ ﱠﻡ ﺍﻟﺑﺭﺍﻫﻳﻥ" ﻣﻥ ﺣﻘﺎﺋﻘﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺷﺭﺡ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺣﻘﺎﺋﻖ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻫﻣﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ﺗﺟﺭﻳﺩ ﺣﻘﺎﺋﻖ ﺻﻐﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﺳﻧﻭﺳﻲ ﻭﺷﺭﺣﻬﺎ‪ ،72‬ﻟﻣﺅﻟﻑ ﻣﻐﺭﺑﻲ ﻏﻳﺭ‬
‫ﻣﺫﻛﻭﺭ‪.73‬‬

‫ﻛﺛﺭﺓ ﺍﻹﻗﺑﺎﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ َﻧ ْ‬


‫ﺳ ِﺧﻬﺎ‬

‫‪ - 69‬ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺭﻗﻢ "‪ 129) "12095‬ﺃ – ‪ 130‬ﺃ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 70‬ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺦ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ 1) 6036 ،5624 :‬ﺏ – ‪ 74‬ﺏ(‪ 37) 12182 ،10061 ،‬ﺏ – ‪ 109‬ﺏ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 71‬ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ ﺑﺮﻗﻢ "‪ 295) "646‬ﺃ – ‪ 297‬ﺏ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 72‬ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻅﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﺠﻠﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺭﻗﻢ "‪ ،"6414‬ﺿﻤﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻗﺔ ‪ 1‬ﺏ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪ 28‬ﺏ‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 73‬ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﺡ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻮﺍﺷﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻻﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺠﺮﻳﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮﺓ ﻟـ "ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺮﻯ" ﻓﻲ "ﻓﻬﺮﺱ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴﺪﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺷﻌﺮﻳﺔ"‪ ،‬ﻟﺨﺎﻟﺪ ﺯَ ْﻫﺮﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻴﺪ ﺑﻮﻛﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺑﺎﻁ – ﺩﺍﺭ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺭﻗﺮﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺮﺑﺎﻁ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪.2011 / 1432 ،1 .‬‬

‫‪11‬‬
‫ﺏ ﺩﻟﻴ ٌﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺜﺮﺓ ﺍﻹﻗﺒﺎﻝ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻢ ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻻ ﺷﻚ ﺃﻥ ﻛﺜﺮﺓ َ ﺍﻧﺘﺴﺎﺥِ ﻛﺘﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﺴﺨﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺘﺎﺯﺕ ﺑﻪ "ﺻﻐﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺳﻲ"‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺑﻠﻎ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻧُ َ‬
‫ﺷﺮﺡ ﻣﺆ ِﻟّﻔﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺧﻤﺴﻴﻦ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﺴﺢ ْ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺑﻌﻴﻦ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻧُ َ‬
‫ﻧﻔﺴِﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﻘﺮﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﺰﺍﻋﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﺴﻠﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺋﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻛﻮﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺴﺨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻋﺜﺮﻧﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺖ ﻧﺴﺦ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺘ َ‬
‫"ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺷﺪﺓ"‪ ،74‬ﻭﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﻦ "ﻧﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻮﺏ"‪ .75‬ﺃﻣﺎ "ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻫﺎﻧﻴﺔ"‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻢ‬
‫ﻧﻌﺜﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻳﺔ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻛﻮﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻋﺪﺍ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻦ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻔﺮﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﻄﻨﺠﻲ )ﺕ‪ 734 .‬ﻫـ ‪ 1333 /‬ﻡ(‪ ،76‬ﻭﺷﺮﺡ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻟﻤﺆﻟﻒ ﻣﺠﻬﻮﻝ‪.77‬‬
‫ﺐ ﻟﻠﻌﻠﻤﺎء ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﻮﺃﺗﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺘﻄﺎﻋﺖ ﺃﻥ ﺗ َ َﻬ َ‬‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﱠ‬
‫ﺷ ِﻬﺮﻭﺍ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﺇﻗﺒﺎﻟﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﺒﻠﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺣﻈﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫ ﺇﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء َﻣﻦ ُ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺇﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﺪﺭﻳﺴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺷﺮﺣﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺸﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻴﻞ‬
‫ﺷﻴﺨ ِﻪ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﺣﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ "ﺻﻐﺮﻯ"‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﻟﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﺠﺎﻭﺯﺕ ﻧﺴﺦ ْ‬
‫ﻲ ِ؛ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻛﻮﺭﺓ؛ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﻴﻦ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻛﺎﺩﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺳ ّ‬
‫ﻫﺬﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻤﺎء ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺮﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﺘﻬﻢ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺷﻬﺮﺗﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ﻗﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻂ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺼﺮﻫﻢ‪،78‬‬
‫ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ "ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺮﻯ"‪ .‬ﻭﻧﻤﺜﻞ ﻟﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻣﺎ ﺃ َ ْﻧﺘ َ ُﺠﻮﻩُ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﻭﺡ ﻭﺣﻮﺍﺷﻲ ﻭ‬
‫ﺑﻤﺤﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺄﻣﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺼﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﻛﺸﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺭ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺁﻧﻔﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺦ‬
‫ﺷﺮﺣﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ "ﺻﻐﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺳﻲ"؛ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻛﻮﺭﺓ؛ ﺛﻼﺛﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ ْ‬
‫ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎ‪ ،79‬ﻭﻻ ﺭﻳﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻛﺜﺮﺓ ﻧﺴﺦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺜﺮﺓ ﺗﺪﺍﻭﻟﻪ ﻭﺳﻌﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻗﺒﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺣﻈﻴﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء ﻭﻁﻠﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻤﺔ‬
‫ﺧﺎ‬

‫ﺻﻔﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ‪ :‬ﺇﻥ ﺃﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺟﻌﻠﺖ ﻣﻨﺰﻟﺔ "ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺮﻯ" ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺎﺭﺑﺔ ﻻ‬
‫ﻳﻀﺎﻫﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻋﻘﺪﻱ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻛﺜﺮﺓ ﺍﻹﻗﺒﺎﻝ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺗﻌﻠ ًﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺮﺍءﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﻭﺍﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺩﺭﺍﻳﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭ َﻧ ْﺴﺨﺎ ً‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﺣﻘﻘﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﻳﺔ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻐﺎﺭﺑﺔ ﻣﻘﺎﺻﺪ ﻧﺒﻴﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻟﻌﻞ ﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪ - 74‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻟﻸﺭﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ 24) "13035" :‬ﺃ – ‪ 25‬ﺃ(‪ 240) "13436" ،‬ﺃ – ‪ 243‬ﺏ(‪ 236) "13480" ،‬ﺃ – ‪ 236‬ﺏ(‪52) "13526" ،‬‬
‫ﺏ – ‪ 53‬ﺃ(‪ 6) "13606" ،‬ﺏ(‪ 175) "11947" ،‬ﺃ – ‪ 175‬ﺏ(‪،‬‬
‫‪ - 75‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﺮﻗﻢ "‪."2336‬‬
‫‪ - 76‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺳﻮﻡ ﺑــ "ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺷﺮﺡ ﻣﻌﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻫﺎﻧﻴﺔ"‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺤﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻢ "‪ 1) "11741‬ﺏ – ‪ 138‬ﺃ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 77‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻣﻞ ﻟﻠﺮﻗﻢ "‪) "13722‬ﺹ‪.(316 – 102 .‬‬
‫‪ - 78‬ﻣﻊ ﺃﻧﻬﻢ ﺻﺎﺭﻭﺍ ﻣﻐﻤﻮﺭﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﻣﺠﻬﻮﻟﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺻﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺜﻘﻔﻴﻨﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 79‬ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻭﺻﻒ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺦ ﻓﻲ "ﻓﻬﺮﺱ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴﺪﺓ ﺍﻷﺷﻌﺮﻳﺔ"‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2 .‬ﺹ‪.642 – 628 .‬‬

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‫‪ -‬ﺇﺳﻬﺎﻣﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻋﻘﻴﺪﺓ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻐﺮﺏ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺬﺍﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﻟﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ُﺟﻨﱠﺔً‬
‫ﺳﻨﻲ‪.‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﺼﻐﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺒﺎﺭ ﺿﺪ ﺃﻱ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻏﻴﺮ ُ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﺗ َ َﺒ ﱠﻮﺃﺕ ﺳﻠﻄﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻴﺔ ﻻ ﻳﻨﺎﻓﺴﻬﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻋﻘﺪﻱ ﺁﺧﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓ َﻜﺜ ُ َﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻟﻴﻒ ﺣﻮﻟﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﺸﺮﺣﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﺸﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺮﻭﺣﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻮﺍﺷﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺃﺳﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻨﺸﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻟﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﺨﺼﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻟﻴﻒ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺷﻌﺮﻱ‪.‬‬
‫ﺖﺗﺎﺭﻳ َﺦ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺷﻌﺮﻱ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﻄﺎﺑﻊ ﺧﺎﺹ‪ ،‬ﻓﻼ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺃﻧﻬﺎ َ‬
‫ﻁ َﺒ َﻌ ْ‬
‫َﻏ ْﺮ َﻭ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﺴﻢ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺳﻲ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻵﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑ ِﺴ َﻤ ِﺔ "ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺳﻴﺔ"‪ ،80‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺃﻫﻢ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞﺗﻄﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻷﺷﻌﺮﻱ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪- 80‬ﺗﻄﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻷﺷﻌﺮﻱ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،283 .‬ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻓﻘﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ‪ :‬ﻣﻘﺎﺭﺑﺔ ﻹﺑﺮﺍﺯ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻣﻲ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻓﻘﻬﺎء‬
‫ﻭﺻﻮﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺮﺏ‪ ،‬ﻟﺨﺎﻟﺪ ﺯَ ْﻫﺮﻱ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺮﺷﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺜﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺎء – ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻀﻴﺎء‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪ ،2017 / 1438 ،1 .‬ﺹ‪.609 – 608 ،109 ،47 .‬‬

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